浙江省金蘭教育合作組織2023-2024學年高二下學期4月期中英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省金蘭教育合作組織2023-2024學年高二下學期4月期中英語試題第一部分：聽力(略)第二部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ASPECIALENGLISHTheEnglishlanguageprogramsoftheVoiceofAmerica(VOA)canbedividedintotwotypesaccordingtothespeedofbroadcasting:StandardEnglishandSpecialEnglish.SpecialEnglishisasimpleandstandardizedEnglishradioprogramarrangedbyVOAforlistenerswhoarebeginningtolearnEnglishinnon-Englishspeakingcountriesaroundtheworld.ItofficiallybeganbroadcastinginOctober1959.ThefamousAmericanlexicologistS.B.FlexmeridentifiedthreecriteriaforSpecialEnglish,thatis,whatmakesit“special”:●Itwritesandbroadcastsinshortandclearsentences;●Itbroadcastsatarateof90wordsperminute,or2/3ofStandardEnglish;●ItisaformofAmericanEnglishcomposedmainlyofthe1500basicwords.SpecialEnglishprogramscanbedividedintotwocategories:newsprogramsandfeatureprograms.NewsprogramVOASpecialEnglishnewsbroadcastsprovidelistenerswithworldwideinformationonpolitics,economics,militaryaffairs,diplomacy,internationalrelations,religion,weather,andallkindsofimportanteventsandwonders.TheyarebroadcasttoSoutheastAsiafivetimesaday,twiceinthemorningandthreetimesintheevening.FeatureProgramFromtheperspectiveoftime,SpecialEnglishfeatureprogramscanbedividedintotwocategories:oneiseveryfiveminutes,andtheotheriseveryfifteenminutes.Thelatterconsistsofsevendifferentsub-features,whicharerepeatedfourtimesadayonaweeklycycle,butthetwofeaturesonSundayandSaturdayarebroadcastonlythreetimesanight,eachlastingabout10minutes,followedbyeachfive-minutefeature.1.WhichisoneofthecriteriaforSpecialEnglish?A.It’sabasicEnglishradioprogram. B.Itreliesonamere1500basicwords.C.Itplaysataspeedof90wordsperminute. D.It’saimedatthosestartingtolearnEnglish.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetwoprograms?A.Bothofthemarebroadcastrepeatedly.B.Theyarebroadcastalmostatthesametime.C.Listenerscanlistentonewsprogramintheafternoon.D.Eachfive-minuteprogramconsistsofsevensub-features.3.WhoaremostlikelytolistentoSpecialEnglish?A.Radioprogramenthusiasts. B.Westernculturelovers.C.Languagelearners. D.Englishbeginners.〖答案〗1.C2.A3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。介紹了VOA為非英語國家初學者設(shè)計的簡化英語廣播節(jié)目SpecialEnglish的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二個黑圈內(nèi)容“Itbroadcastsatarateof90wordsperminute,or2/3ofStandardEnglish;(它以每分鐘90個詞的速度播放，是標準英語的2/3)”可知，C選項Itplaysataspeedof90wordsperminute.(它的播放速度是每分鐘90個詞)是SpecialEnglish的一個標準。故選C項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FeatureProgram中的“Thelatterconsistsofsevendifferentsub-features,whicharerepeatedfourtimesadayonaweeklycycle,butthetwofeaturesonSundayandSaturdayarebroadcastonlythreetimesanight,eachlastingabout10minutes,followedbyeachfive-minutefeature.(后者由七個不同的子特輯組成，每周循環(huán)播放四次，但在周六和周日的兩個特輯只在晚上播放三次，每個大約10分鐘，隨后是每個五分鐘的特輯。)”可以確定A選項Bothofthemarebroadcastrepeatedly.(它們都被重復播放)是關(guān)于這兩個節(jié)目的正確信息。故選A項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“SpecialEnglishisasimpleandstandardizedEnglishradioprogramarrangedbyVOAforlistenerswhoarebeginningtolearnEnglishinnon-Englishspeakingcountriesaroundtheworld.(SpecialEnglish是由VOA為全球非英語國家中剛開始學習英語的聽眾安排的一種簡單和標準化的英語廣播節(jié)目。)”可以確定D選項Englishbeginners.(英語初學者)是最有可能聽SpecialEnglish的人群。故選D項。BColorado’sgrayspeakrises14,278feetabovesealevel,highenoughthattreescan’tgrowtowardthetop,thoughthereareplentyofshrubsandrocks.ItwasinthisunforgivinglandformthatBevWedelstedtwasunluckyenoughtogetseriouslyinjuredinherleftknee.ItwasAugust2018,andWedelstedt,56,wasonherwaybackdownthetrailwiththreefriends.Astormwasbrewing,andtheywereanxioustogetoffthemountain.Whentheyapproachedarockydropofacoupleoffeet,Wedelstedtdecidedtoleap.Shelandedonherleftleg.Thensheheardthesnap.Everystepafterthatwasagony(劇痛).Beforelong,shehadtostop.Asonefriendrandowntogethelp,anumberofotherhikers,allstrangers,attemptedtohelpWedelstedtdownthenarrowtrailbywalkingoneithersideofhertosupportherweight,butthatprovedslowanddangerous.“OnemanwassoclosetotheedgethatIcouldseerocksfallingdownfromwherehesteppedonthem.”Wedelstedtsays.Finally,onehiker,Matt,askedher,“Howdoyoufeelaboutafireman’scarry?”Beforesheknewit,hehadliftedheroverhisshoulder.“Now,I’mnottiny,”saysWedelstedt,aformercollegebasketballstar.Mattclearlycouldn’tcarryherallthewaydownbyhimself.Sosixhikersandoneofherfriendstookturnscarryingherwhileshetriedtomakelightofadifficultsituation:“ItoldthemIwantedtomeetalotofguys,butthisisn’tthewayIwantedtodoit.”Threehoursandtworock-strewnmileslater,thishumanconveyorbeltfinallymetthemedics,whotookWedelstedttothehospital.Shestayedinhospitalforaperiodtime.Nowshehasmostlyrecoveredfromherill-fatedhike,butWedelstedtknowsshe’llnevershakeonethingfromthatday:thememoryofthebandofstrangerswhocametoherrescue.“I’mstillinawe.”4.WhatmadeitdifficultforWedelstedttogodownhill?A.Thechangingweather. B.Therockypath.C.Thethickbushes. D.Herbrokenleg.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“brewing”inthesecondparagraphmean?A.Advancing. B.Transforming. C.Freezing. D.Weakening.6.WhywasitchallengingtorescueWedelstedt?A.Onlyonehikerhadfirefightingexperience. B.Wedelstedtrefusedhelpfromtherescuers.C.Themedicswereunwillingtoprovidehelp. D.Thenarrowtrailsloweddowntherescuers.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Wedelstedthasgotacompleterecovery. B.AllWedelstedt’rescuerswerestrangers.C.Wedelstedt’srescueleftadeepimpressiononher. D.Wedelstedthasbenefitedalotfromherexperience.〖答案〗4.D5.A6.D7.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了BevWedelstedt在登山途中腿斷了，無法行走，直到其他徒步旅行者將她扛下了山?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Shelandedonherleftleg.Thensheheardthesnap.Everystepafterthatwasagony(劇痛).Beforelong,shehadtostop.(她的左腿著地。然后她聽到啪的一聲。之后的每一步都是痛苦的。不久，她不得不停下來)”可知，腿斷了讓Wedelstedt很難走下坡路。故選D?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“storm”以及后文“andtheywereanxioustogetoffthemountain”可知，他們急著下山是因為暴風雨臨近了。故劃線詞意思是“臨近”。故選A。【6題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Asonefriendrandowntogethelp,anumberofotherhikers,allstrangers,attemptedtohelpWedelstedtdownthenarrowtrailbywalkingoneithersideofhertosupportherweight,butthatprovedslowanddangerous.(當一個朋友跑下來尋求幫助時，其他一些徒步旅行者，都是陌生人，試圖幫助Wedelstedt走下狹窄的小路，走在她的兩側(cè)，以支撐她的體重，但事實證明，這既緩慢又危險)”可知，營救Wedelstedt是一項挑戰(zhàn)因為狹窄的小路拖慢了救援人員的速度。故選D。【7題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Nowshehasmostlyrecoveredfromherill-fatedhike,butWedelstedtknowsshe’llnevershakeonethingfromthatday:thememoryofthebandofstrangerswhocametoherrescue.“I’mstillinawe.”(現(xiàn)在，她已經(jīng)從那次不幸的徒步旅行中恢復過來了，但Wedelstedt知道，她永遠無法擺脫那天的一件事：對那群來救她的陌生人的記憶?！拔胰匀恍拇婢次贰！?”可知，Wedelstedt的獲救給她留下了深刻的印象。故選C。CManypeoplehavelongbelievedthatbrightlightsdraw,orattractflyinginsects.Butthatisnotexactlywhatisgoingon,anewstudysuggests.Researchersbelievethatartificiallightsatnightmaycauseproblemswithflyinginsects’naturalnavigationsystems.Asaresult,thecreaturesflyinconfusionaroundporchlamps,streetlightsandotherartificiallights.“Insectshaveanavigationalproblem,”saidTysonHedrickoftheUniversityofNorthCarolina,ChapelHill.Headded,“They’reaccustomedtousinglightasacue(〖提示〗)toknowwhichwayisup.”Insectsdonotflydirectlytowardalightsource,butactually“tilttheirbackstowardthelight,”saidSamFabianofImperialCollegeLondon.Fabianwasaco-writerofthestudythatappearedrecentlyinNatureCommunications.Thistiltingactionwouldmakesenseifthestrongestlightsourcewasinthesky.Butinthepresenceofartificiallights,theresultismidairconfusion.Forthestudy,researchersattachedverysmallsensorstomothsanddragonfliesinalaboratory.Theythenfilmed“motion-capture”videoofflight—similartohowfilmmakersattachsensorstoactorstofollowtheirmovements.Researchersalsousedhigh-resolutioncamerastofilminsectsflyingaroundlightsatafieldinCostaRica.Suchfilmspermittedresearcherstostudyindetailhowdragonfliescircleendlesslyaroundlightsources,positioningthemselveswiththeirbacksfacingthelight.Researchersalsodocumentedthatsomeinsectsflyupsidedown—andoftencrashland—inthepresenceoflightsthatshinestraightupwardlikesearchlights.Insectflightwasleastdisruptedbybrightlightsthatshinestraightdownward,theresearchersfound.“Formillionsofyears,insectsorientedthemselvesbysensingthattheskyislight,thegroundisdark—untilpeopleinventedartificiallights”,saidAvalonOwensofHarvardUniversity.8.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?A.Insectshaveanavigationalproblem.B.Artificiallightswillmakeinsectsconfused.C.Notallinsectsdoflydirectlytowardalightsource.D.Smallsensorsareusedtofilmaninsectdocumentary.9.WhichofthefollowingmayAvalonOwensagreewith?A.Insectsareunlikelytoflyupsidedown.B.Insectscanpositionthemselvesfacingthelight.C.Insectsfailedtoorientthemselvesbecauseofartificiallights.D.Insectflightwasinterruptedbydownward-shiningbrightlights.10.Whatattitudedoestheauthortaketowardsthestudy?A.Ambiguous. B.Objective. C.Optimistic. D.Indifferent.11.Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthispassage?A.Inanadvertisement. B.Inasciencetextbook.C.Inanaturemagazine. D.Inanewsreport.〖答案〗8.B9.C10.B11.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了昆蟲方向感被人造燈影響，介紹了相關(guān)研究?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Asaresult,thecreaturesflyinconfusionaroundporchlamps,streetlightsandotherartificiallights.(結(jié)果，這些生物在門廊燈、路燈和其他人造燈周圍亂飛)”可知，人造光會使昆蟲迷惑。故選B?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““Formillionsofyears,insectsorientedthemselvesbysensingthattheskyislight,thegroundisdark—untilpeopleinventedartificiallights”,saidAvalonOwensofHarvardUniversity.(哈佛大學的阿瓦隆·歐文斯說：“數(shù)百萬年來，昆蟲通過感知天空是亮的，地面是暗的來定位自己，直到人們發(fā)明了人造燈。”)”可知，阿瓦隆·歐文斯可能認同由于人造光，昆蟲無法確定自己的方位。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Researchersbelievethatartificiallightsatnightmaycauseproblemswithflyinginsects’naturalnavigationsystems.(研究人員認為，夜間的人造燈光可能會對飛蟲的自然導航系統(tǒng)造成問題)”；第三段“Insectsdonotflydirectlytowardalightsource,butactually“tilttheirbackstowardthelight,”saidSamFabianofImperialCollegeLondon.(倫敦帝國理工學院的山姆·法比安說，昆蟲不會直接飛向光源，而是“背對著光源”)”以及最后一段““Formillionsofyears,insectsorientedthemselvesbysensingthattheskyislight,thegroundisdark—untilpeopleinventedartificiallights”,saidAvalonOwensofHarvardUniversity.(哈佛大學的阿瓦隆·歐文斯說：“數(shù)百萬年來，昆蟲通過感知天空是亮的，地面是暗的來定位自己，直到人們發(fā)明了人造燈。”)”可知，文章主要涉及的研究結(jié)果，沒有提及作者對此的看法，故作者的態(tài)度是客觀的，故選B。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Manypeoplehavelongbelievedthatbrightlightsdraw,orattractflyinginsects.Butthatisnotexactlywhatisgoingon,anewstudysuggests.(許多人一直認為明亮的燈光會吸引飛蟲。但一項新的研究表明，事實并非如此)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了昆蟲方向感被人造燈影響，推文章應該來自自然雜志，故選C。DAmanmayusuallybeknownbythebookshereadsaswellasbythecompanyhekeeps;forthereisacompanionshipofbooksaswellasofmen;andoneshouldalwaysliveinthebestcompany,whetheritisofbooksorofmen.Agoodbookmaybeamongthebestoffriends.Itisthemostpatientandcheerfulcompanions.Itdoesnotturnitsbackuponusintimesofadversityordistress.Italwaysreceivesuswiththesamekindness,amusingandinstructingusinyouth,andcomfortingandconsolingusinage.Thereisanoldproverb,“Loveme,lovemydog.”Butthereismorewisdominthis:“Loveme,lovemybook.”Thebookisatruerandhigherbondofunion.Mencanthink,feel,andsympathizewitheachotherthroughtheirfavoriteauthor.Theyliveinhimtogether,andheinthem.Thebestbooksaretreasuriesofgoodwords,thegoldenthoughts,which,rememberedandcherished,becomeourconstantcompanionsandcomforters.Bookspossessanessenceofimmortality.Theyarebyfarthemostlastingproductsofhumaneffort.Templesandstatuesdecay,butbookssurvive.Timeisofnoaccountwithgreatthoughts,whichareasfreshtodayaswhentheyfirstpassedthroughtheirauthor’sminds,agesago.Whatwasthensaidandthoughtstillspeakstousasvividlyaseverfromtheprintedpage.Theonlyeffectoftimehasbeentosiftoutthebadproducts,fornothinginliteraturecanlongsurvivebutwhatisreallygood.Booksintroduceusintothebestsociety;theybringusintothepresenceofthegreatestmindsthathaveeverlived.Wehearwhattheysaidanddid;weseethemasiftheywerereallyalive;wesympathizewiththem,enjoywiththemandgrievewiththem.Thegreatandgooddonotdie,eveninthisworld.Embalmedinbooks,people’sspiritswalkabroad.Thebookisalivingvoice.Itisanintellecttowhichonestilllistens.12.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthedifferencebetweenourbooksandourfriends?A.Booksremainpatientandcheerfulforalongertime.B.Booksprovidecomfortinoldage,unlikeourfriends.C.Friendscansometimesdisappointus,similartoourbooks.D.Booksreflectaperson’scharactermorethantheirfriendsdo.13.WhyaretemplesandstatuesmentionedinPara4?A.Toprovethevalueoftime. B.Tohighlightthelongevityofbooks.C.Toshowpeople’spreferenceforliterature. D.Toemphasizetheimportanceofancientarchitecture.14.Whatdoestheauthoradvisereaderstodo?A.Becomeawisemanbyreading.B.Readasmanyclassicbooksaswecan.C.Cherishthecompanyofourbooksjustlikeourfriends.D.Sympathizewithyourfriendsthroughyourfavoriteauthor.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.CompanionshipofBooks B.LongLiveBooksC.OurBestfriends D.LoveMe,LoveMyBook〖答案〗12.A13.B14.C15.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要論述了一本好書可能是最好的朋友之一，說明了好書帶來的好處，建議讀者珍惜書籍，就像珍惜朋友一樣?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Itisthemostpatientandcheerfulcompanions.(它是最有耐心、最令人愉快的伴侶)”可知，書和我們的朋友不同在于書在更長的時間里保持耐心和快樂。故選A?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Bookspossessanessenceofimmortality.Theyarebyfarthemostlastingproductsofhumaneffort.Templesandstatuesdecay,butbookssurvive.(書籍具有不朽的本質(zhì)。它們是迄今為止人類努力的最持久的產(chǎn)物。廟宇和雕像會腐朽，但書籍卻能永存)”可知，第4段提到了寺廟和雕像是為了強調(diào)書籍的壽命。故選B?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Booksintroduceusintothebestsociety;theybringusintothepresenceofthegreatestmindsthathaveeverlived.Wehearwhattheysaidanddid;weseethemasiftheywerereallyalive;wesympathizewiththem,enjoywiththemandgrievewiththem.Thegreatandgooddonotdie,eveninthisworld.Embalmedinbooks,people’sspiritswalkabroad.Thebookisalivingvoice.Itisanintellecttowhichonestilllistens.(書籍把我們引入最好的社會；他們把我們帶到了有史以來最偉大的思想家面前。我們聽見他們的言行；我們看到他們就好像他們真的活著一樣；我們與他們共情，與他們同樂，與他們同悲。即使在這個世界上，偉大和善良的人也不會死去。人的精神，鐫刻在書中，走在國外。書是一種鮮活的聲音。這是一種人們至今仍在傾聽的智慧)”可知，作者建議讀者珍惜書籍，就像珍惜朋友一樣。故選C。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Amanmayusuallybeknownbythebookshereadsaswellasbythecompanyhekeeps;forthereisacompanionshipofbooksaswellasofmen;andoneshouldalwaysliveinthebestcompany,whetheritisofbooksorofmen.(通?？蓮囊粋€人所讀的書和所交的朋友就可知道他的為人；因為有人以人為伴，也有人以書為伴；無論是書友還是朋友，我們都應該以最好的為伴)”結(jié)合文章主要論述了一本好書可能是最好的朋友之一，說明了好書帶來的好處，建議讀者珍惜書籍，就像珍惜朋友一樣?？芍珹選項“書的陪伴”最符合文章標題。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。GuiltyPleasures?Youmighthaveheardoftheexpression“aguiltypleasure”—maybeit’sthechocolatebaryoubuyonthewayhomefromwork,orthenewclothesthatyoudon’treallyneed.Itcomesfromtheideathatwhenwetreatourselves,itcansometimesleaveusfeelingguilty.Perhapswedon’tfeelwedeservedit,orwedon’tthinkitwasaresponsiblewaytospendourmoney.Butshouldwefeellikethis?___16___Perhapsnot.Psychologistshavesuggestedthatbuyingthingsforyourselfcanmakeyoufeelbetterasitprovidesanopportunitytotakecontrolofyoursituation.___17___Itmaybethataswellasliftingyourmood,whenyoubuyatreat,youmightjustbelookingafteryourself.Ofcourse,therearealsoexamplesofpeopleturningtodestructivebehaviourwhenfacedwithstressfulcircumstances.Peoplemightspendmoneythattheydon’thaveatallorturntosomedangerousaddictions.___18___Self-indulgencecanberecklessandhavenegativeconsequences,whileself-nurturingistakingresponsibledecisionstosatisfyourneedsandtakecareofourselvesinwaysthatdon’thaveasignificantimpact.___19___Manyuniversitiespublishguideswithadviceforcopingwithexamstress.It’sessentialtoreflectthedifferencebetweenself-indulgenceandself-nurture.___20___Theyalsosuggestdoingthingsthatyouenjoymuchandaregoodatsothatyoucanfeelaccomplishmentandtoavoidthingsthatmaymakeyoufeelworseafterwards.Soperhaps,aslongaswemakeresponsibledecisions,weshouldn’tfeelguiltyaboutourguiltypleasures.A.Doweneedtohaveaguiltyorclearconscience?B.Dowereallyhavetofeelguiltyabouttreatingourselves?C.Onestressthatpeoplemayneedtodealwithisexamstress.D.Psychologistsrecommendrewardingyourselfforyourefforts.E.Soweshouldkeepabalancebetweenself-indulgenceandself-nurturing.F.Itcangiveyousocialcontactandaconfidenceboostbychangingyourimage.G.PsychologistLeonSeltzerconsidersthedifferencebetweenself-indulgenceandself-nurturing.〖答案〗16.B17.F18.G19.C20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。本文探討了“罪惡快感”的概念，指出適度的自我獎賞可以提升情緒、增強自信，但應避免過度放縱導致的負面后果。同時，強調(diào)了在壓力下，通過負責任的自我滋養(yǎng)而非自我放縱，可以更好地照顧自己?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Butshouldwefeellikethis?(但我們真的需要感到這樣嗎？)”這句話提出問題，詢問我們是否應該對自我獎賞感到內(nèi)疚。選項B“Dowereallyhavetofeelguiltyabouttreatingourselves?(我們真的需要因為獎賞自己而感到內(nèi)疚嗎？)”承接上文，繼續(xù)提出問題：我們真的需要因為獎賞自己而感到內(nèi)疚嗎？下文第二段段首“Perhapsnot.(也許不是)”對問題進行了回答；由此可知，B選項符合語境。故選B項?！?7題詳析】上文“Psychologistshavesuggestedthatbuyingthingsforyourselfcanmakeyoufeelbetterasitprovidesanopportunitytotakecontrolofyoursituation.(心理學家建議，為自己購買東西可以讓你感覺更好，因為它提供了一個掌控自己處境的機會。)”說明購物可以提升情緒，并且提供掌控感。選項F“Itcangiveyousocialcontactandaconfidenceboostbychangingyourimage.(它可以通過改變你的形象給你社交接觸和自信的提升。)”進一步闡述了購物對個人形象和自信的積極影響，符合語境。故選F項?！?8題詳析】上文“Peoplemightspendmoneythattheydon’thaveatallorturntosomedangerousaddictions.(當人們可能會花他們根本沒有的錢，或者轉(zhuǎn)向一些危險的上癮。)”提到了人們在壓力下可能自我放縱的不健康行為；選項G“PsychologistLeonSeltzerconsidersthedifferencebetweenself-indulgenceandself-nurturing.(心理學家LeonSeltzer考慮了自我放縱和自我滋養(yǎng)之間的區(qū)別。)”承接上文，指出心理學家LeonSeltzer考慮了自我放縱和自我滋養(yǎng)之間的區(qū)別；下文“Self-indulgencecanberecklessandhavenegativeconsequences,whileself-nurturingistakingresponsibledecisionstosatisfyourneedsandtakecareofourselvesinwaysthatdon’thaveasignificantimpact.(自我放縱可能是魯莽的，會帶來負面后果，而自我培養(yǎng)是做出負責任的決定，以滿足我們的需求，并以不會產(chǎn)生重大影響的方式照顧好自己。)”承接G選項，詳細闡述了自我放縱和自我滋養(yǎng)之間的區(qū)別。故選G項?！?9題詳析】下文“Manyuniversitiespublishguideswithadviceforcopingwithexamstress.(許多大學發(fā)布指南，提供應對考試壓力的建議。)”提到了大學提供的關(guān)于應對考試壓力的建議；由此可知，設(shè)空處與考試壓力有關(guān)；選項C“Onestressthatpeoplemayneedtodealwithisexamstress.(人們可能需要應對的一種壓力是考試壓力。)”符合語境，“examstress”為原詞復現(xiàn)。故選C項。【20題詳析】下文“Theyalsosuggestdoingthingsthatyouenjoymuchandaregoodatsothatyoucanfeelaccomplishmentandtoavoidthingsthatmaymakeyoufeelworseafterwards.(他們還建議做你非常喜歡并且擅長的事情，這樣你可以感到成就，并且避免之后可能讓你感覺更糟的事情。)”指出，他們也建議做喜歡或擅長的事情來獲得成就感，結(jié)合句中“also”可知，設(shè)空處是一個關(guān)于自我滋養(yǎng)的建議；選項D“Psychologistsrecommendrewardingyourselfforyourefforts.(心理學家建議獎勵自己的努力。)”符合語境，下文中的代詞“They”指代選項中的“Psychologists”。故選D項。第三部分：語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。OnasteamyJulydayinBayonetPoint,Florida,GeneWorkandhisbrother-in-law,MarkRouco,wereresodding(重新鋪草皮)Gene’syard.Thelawnhadgrown___21___intheheat,andtheWorkshadbeenthreatenedtoacceptahugefineifthesituationwasn’tremedied.Thenewsodwassittinginthedriveway,butthejobwasslow-going.Gene,then40,wasn’tfeelingright.Hewentinsidetotakeabreakand___22___onthecouch,clutchinghischest.Hiswife,MelissaWork,called911quickly.Eventhoughhewas___23___downdeath,Genehadonethingonhismind:that___24___.Ifthesodwasn’t___25___thatday,itwoulddie.“Whilehewashavinghisheartattack,literallyinandoutofconsciousness,hekept___26___metohaveitputdownbecausehedidn’twantittogotowaste,”MelissawroteinaFacebookpost.SoonPascoCountyFireRescuearrivedandtookGeneandMelissatothehospital,leavingRoucobehindto___27___theyard.Withinanhour,hehadmanagedtoremovetheoldgrass.Hewasabouttolaythenewsod,whichhe___28___wouldtakehimwellintothenight,___29___twoemergencyvehiclesappeared.Sevenmen—thesameoneswhohadtreatedhisbrother—___30___.Genehadtoldthemhow___31___he’dwantedtogetthesoddown,sotheyhadreturnedtohelp.Thejobwasdoneinundertwohours.Meanwhile,Genehadsurgerytoinsertstents(支架)inhisheart,___32___apotentiallydeadlyblockage.He’shomenow,fullyrecovered—andenjoyinghisbeautifullawn.TheWorksarestill___33___thatthoseEMTswentaboveandbeyondtheirjob___34___.“Thesemen,”Melissatold,“savedGene’slife,andthencamebacktosavehisgrass.That’sjustso___35___.”21.A.black B.brown C.white D.green22.A.lay B.collapsed C.sat D.threw23.A.glaring B.coming C.staring D.cutting24.A.yard B.heat C.job D.lawn25.A.putdown B.pulledover C.letout D.dealtwith26.A.interrupting B.begging C.recommending D.recalling27.A.construct B.manage C.tackle D.supervise28.A.anticipated B.estimated C.assumed D.feared29.A.when B.before C.after D.then30.A.gotout B.turnedup C.settleddown D.wentaway31.A.gratefully B.significantly C.badly D.logically32.A.gathering B.removingC.decreasing D.relieving33.A.amazed B.motivated C.frustrated D.fascinated34.A.comparison B.description C.duration D.intention35.A.brilliant B.awful C.awesome D.influential〖答案〗21.B22.B23.C24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.A30.A31.C32.D33.A34.B35.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了GeneWork在清理草坪的時候突發(fā)疾病被送往醫(yī)院，但是他放心不下草坪，結(jié)果救了他的醫(yī)生們回到他家?guī)椭謇砹瞬萜骸！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：草坪在高溫下已經(jīng)變成棕色，沃克一家曾受到威脅，如果不糾正這種情況，他們將接受巨額罰款。A.black黑色的；B.brown棕色的；C.white白色的；D.green綠色的。根據(jù)后文“hehadmanagedtoremovetheoldgrass.”以及“intheheat”可知，草因為高溫已經(jīng)枯黃，變成棕色了。故選B。【22題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他進去休息，然后癱倒在沙發(fā)上，捂著胸口。A.lay位于；B.collapsed倒塌，癱倒；C.sat坐；D.threw扔。根據(jù)后文“onthecouch,clutchinghischest”可知，他突發(fā)疾病，癱倒在沙發(fā)上，故選B?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管吉恩面臨死亡，但他心里只有一件事：那塊草坪。A.glaring怒視；B.coming來；C.staring凝視；D.cutting切割。根據(jù)后文“downdeath”以及上文提到癱倒在沙發(fā)上上，說明面臨死亡，此處staredowndeath表示“面臨死亡”。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管吉恩面臨死亡，但他心里只有一件事：那塊草坪。A.yard院子；B.heat熱量；C.job工作；D.lawn草坪。根據(jù)后文“haveitputdownbecausehedidn’twantittogotowaste”可知，他內(nèi)心放不下那塊草坪。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：如果那天不把草皮放下，它就會死掉。A.putdown放下；B.pulledover靠邊停車；C.letout泄露；D.dealtwith處理。根據(jù)后文“haveitputdownbecausehedidn’twantittogotowaste”此處指把草皮放下。故選A。【26題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：梅麗莎在臉書上寫道：“當他心臟病發(fā)作的時候，他一直求我把它放下，因為他不想浪費它?！盇.interrupting打斷；B.begging懇求；C.recommending推薦；D.recalling回想起。根據(jù)后文“metohaveitputdownbecausehedidn’twantittogotowaste”指吉恩懇求妻子把草皮放下來，故選B?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，帕斯科縣消防救援隊趕到了，把吉恩和梅麗莎送到了醫(yī)院，留下魯科去清理院子。A.construct建造；B.manage設(shè)法完成；C.tackle處理，解決；D.supervise監(jiān)督。根據(jù)后文“Withinanhour,hehadmanagedtoremovetheoldgrass.(不到一個小時，他就把舊的草皮移走了)”指魯科去清理院子。故選C?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他正要鋪新草皮，他擔心這會把他拖到深夜，這時兩輛急救車出現(xiàn)了。A.anticipated預期；B.estimated估計；C.assumed認為；D.feared擔心。根據(jù)后文“wouldtakehimwellintothenight”指擔心鋪設(shè)草皮會拖到深夜。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：他正要鋪新草皮，他擔心這會把他拖到深夜，這時兩輛急救車出現(xiàn)了。A.when當……時候；B.before在……之前；C.after在……之后；D.then然后。此處為句型beabouttodosth.when…表示“正要做某事，這時……”。故選A?！?0題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：七個人，就是治療過他哥哥的人，走了出來。A.gotout挺身而出，出去；B.turnedup出現(xiàn)；C.settleddown解決；D.wentaway消失。根據(jù)后文“sotheyhadreturnedtohelp”此處指治療過吉恩的人挺身而出，為他清理草坪。故選A。【31題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：吉恩告訴他們，他非常想把草皮清理掉，所以他們回來幫忙。A.gratefully感謝地；B.significantly值得注意地，相當?shù)?；C.badly嚴重地，非常；D.logically邏輯上。根據(jù)后文“he’dwantedtogetthesoddown”以及上文“metohaveitputdownbecausehedidn’twantittogotowaste”指吉恩非常想把草皮清理掉。故選C。【32題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時，吉恩做了手術(shù)，在他的心臟植入支架，以緩解潛在的致命阻塞。A.gathering聚集；B.removing去除；C.decreasing減少；D.relieving緩解。根據(jù)上文“Meanwhile,Genehadsurgerytoinsertstentsinhisheart”可知，吉恩的手術(shù)裝了支架以緩解潛在的致命阻塞。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這些急救醫(yī)生所做的工作超出了他們的職責范圍，這讓沃克夫婦仍然感到驚訝。A.amazed驚訝的；B.motivated積極的；C.frustrated沮喪的；D.fascinated著迷的。根據(jù)上文“thoseEMTswentaboveandbeyondtheirjob”可知，這些急救醫(yī)生所做的工作超出了他們的職責范圍，這讓沃克夫婦仍然感到驚訝。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些急救醫(yī)生所做的工作超出了他們的職責范圍，這讓沃克夫婦仍然感到驚訝。A.comparison比較；B.description形容，描述；C.duration持續(xù)；D.intention意圖。根據(jù)上文“thoseEMTswentaboveandbeyondtheirjob”以及救護人員為病人清理草坪，所以是超出了職責范圍，jobdescription表示“工作描述”符合語境。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“這些人，”梅麗莎告訴，“救了吉恩的命，然后又回來救他的草。這真是太棒了?！盇.brilliant杰出的，巧妙的；B.awful糟糕的；C.awesome非常棒的；D.influential有影響力的。根據(jù)上文“savedGene’slife,andthencamebacktosavehisgrass”可知，吉恩的妻子認為他們救了吉恩的命，還救了他的草坪，是很棒的事情。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。BEIJING—Chinesecitiesarepursuinghigh-qualitydevelopmentin___36___(vary)ofways,butnewtechnologiesareaconsistentchoiceandhavealreadyhelpedsomeexploresmarter,greenerandmoreinnovativepaths.Huangshi,anindustrialcityincentralChina’sHubeiprovince,___37___(harvest)thebenefitsofintelligenttechnologiesinthepastdecade.Miningmayconjureup(使人聯(lián)系到)imagesofadirty,labor-intensiveanddangeroussector.Butthatisnotthe___38___(real)inHuangshi,whereminingreliesonunmannedmachines,remote___39___(monitor)technologiesandintelligentcoordinationsystems.___40___(dress)inablueworksuitandwhiteshirt,DayeIronMineworkerYuanJianjunsitsinfrontofseveralcomputersinaspaciouscommandcenter.Hiseyesarefixedonthescreens,___41___showliveimagesofundergroundminingmachinesandreal-timedatafromsensorsplacedinsidethemine.Inthepast,Yuanworkedundergroundinavery___42___(dust)environment.“Itusedtobeachallengingjobbothphysicallyandmentally,”hesaid.Now,machinesarecontrolled___43___(remote)fromanofficeenvironmenttocollectminerals.Techsupporthasreducedlaborintensityandimprovedworkplacesafety,enablingmoreminingsectoremployeeslikeYuan___44___(work)inasaferandhealthierenvironment____45____previousgenerations.“Ithasbecomea