美國太陽能光伏行業(yè)市場前景及投資研究報告-培訓(xùn)課件外文版2024.4

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TRENDSSolarphotovoltaicindustryintheU.S.CHAPTER

01OverviewCumulativeinstalledsolarPVcapacityworldwidefrom2000to2022(inmegawatts)GlobalcumulativeinstalledsolarPVcapacity2000-20221,400,0001,200,0001,000,000800,000600,000400,000200,00002000

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20224Description:Globalcumulativesolarphotovoltaiccapacityhasgrowncontinuouslysince2000.In2022,globalcumulativesolarPVcapacityamountedto1,177gigawatts,withroughly239gigawattsofnewPVcapacityinstalledinthatsameyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2000to2022Source(s):SolarPowerEuropeCumulativesolarphotovoltaiccapacitygloballyasof2022,byselectcountry(ingigawatts)GlobalcumulativesolarPVcapacity2022,byselectcountryCumulativecapacityingigawatts200

250050100150300350400450ChinaUnitedStatesJapan414.5141.584.77966.7IndiaGermanyAustraliaSpain29.326.6Brazil23.5NetherlandsPoland1812.5RestofWorld289.25Description:China'scumulativesolarPV(photovoltaic)capacityreached414.5gigawattsattheendof2022.Inthelastyears,solarpowerhasbecomeaforceintheenergymarket.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022Source(s):REN21GlobalnewinstalledsolarPVcapacityfrom2000to2022(inmegawatts)SolarPV-newinstalledcapacityworldwide2000-2022300,000250,000200,000150,000100,00050,00002000

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20226Description:Thesolarphotovoltaic(PV)markethasseenenormousgrowthinrecentyears.In2022,theglobalnewinstalledPVcapacitywasabout239gigawatts.ThenewlyinstalledsolarPVcapacitywasthehighestinAsiaPacificregionthatyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2000to2022Source(s):SolarPowerEuropeLeadingcountriesbasedonnewsolarphotovoltaiccapacityadditionsin2022(ingigawatts)GlobalsolarPVcapacityinstallations2022Installedcapacityingigawatts40

6002080100120ChinaUnitedStatesIndia10618.618.1BrazilSpain9.98.17.56.54.93.93.9GermanyJapanPolandAustraliaNetherlandsRestoftheWorld52.67Description:Chinahadthegreatestnewsolarphotovoltaiccapacityadditionsworldwidein2022,atsome106gigawatts.TheglobalsolarPVcumulativecapacityincreasedmassivelyoverthepast20years.Intheyear2000,thecapacityamountedtojustoveronegigawattandby2021hadsurpassedoneterawatt.Solarcapacityisexpectedtocontinuetoriseasrenewablesincreasetheirroleintheglobalenergymix.TheUnitedStatesincreaseditssolarphotovoltaiccapacityby18.6gigawattsin2022.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022Source(s):REN21Leadingcountriesbysolarenergyconsumptionworldwidein2022Globalshareofsolarconsumption2022,bycountryShareofconsumption0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%ChinaUnitedStatesJapan32.3%15.6%7.7%7.2%IndiaGermanyAustraliaSpain4.6%2.9%2.6%2.3%BrazilItaly2.1%2%SouthKoreaFrance2%UnitedKingdomMexico1.5%1.5%8Description:In2022,Chinawastheleadingcountryintheworldbasedonsolarenergyconsumptionshare,at32.3percent.Meanwhile,theUnitedStatesaccountedforapproximately15.9percentoftheworld'ssolarconsumptionthatyear,makingitthesecond-largestsolarpowerconsumerworldwide.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022Source(s):EnergyInstitute;Kearney;KPMGCHAPTER

02CapacityCumulativesolarenergycapacityintheUnitedStatesfrom2012to2022(inmegawatts)CumulativesolarenergycapacityintheUnitedStates2012-2022120,000100,00080,00060,00040,000113,01595,39176,44161,58751,98743,77035,434201624,23718,112201420,000012,32620138,6132012201520172018201920202021202210Description:Solarenergycapacity,whichincludesbothsolarphotovoltaic(PV)andconcentratedsolarpower(CSP)technologies,hasseenuninterruptedgrowthintheUnitedStatesintheperiodofconsideration.In2022,U.S.solarenergycapacityamountedtoaround113gigawatts,anincreasewhencomparedtothepreviousyear,whereinthevaluewasaround95.4gigawatts.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2012to2022;FiguresincludebothsolarPVandconcentratedsolarpowercapacitySource(s):IRENAAnnualnewinstallationsofsolarenergycapacityintheUnitedStatesfrom2005to2022(inmegawatts)SolarpowercapacityadditionsintheU.S.2005-202225,00020,00015,00010,00023,60020,20019,20015,12813,30010,608

10,6007,50020156,24420144,76620135,0003,37320121,921201184920102983857910516002005200620072008200920162017

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2022*11Description:In2022,thenewsolarphotovoltaiccapacityinstallationsintheUnitedStatesreachedapproximately20.23.6gigawatts.Thatyear,solarhadthelargestshareofnewelectricity-generatingcapacityinthecountry.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2005to2022;*Figurewasrounded.Figureswerecompiledfromseveraleditionsoftheannualreport.ReadmoreSource(s):SEIAAnnualshareofsolarovertotalpowercapacityadditionsintheUnitedStatesfrom2010to2022SolarpowercapacityadditionsshareintheUnitedStates2010-202250%45%40%35%30%45%43%41%38%37%34%27%25%25%25%20%15%10%5%23%9%7%4%0%201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202212Description:TheannualshareofsolarelectricitygenerationcapacityovertotalpowercapacityintheUnitedStatesreached45percentin2022.Thisfigurerepresentsthehighestshareforsolarpowercapacityrecordedintheperiodofconsideration.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2010to2022Source(s):EIA;SEIA;WoodMackenzieLeadingstatesbasedoncumulativesolarphotovoltaiccapacityintheUnitedStatesasof2022(inmegawatts)CumulativesolarPVcapacityintheU.S.2022,byleadingstateCumulativecapacityinmegawatts15,000

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25,00005,00010,00030,00035,00040,00039,72945,000CaliforniaTexas17,247Florida10,111NorthCarolinaArizona8,1796,3305,3665,0334,411NevadaGeorgiaNewJerseyVirginia4,2864,259NewYork13Description:Californiahasbyfarthegreatestinstalledcapacityofsolarphotovoltaic(PV)powerofanyU.S.state.Asofendof2022,theGoldenStatehadacumulativesolarpowercapacityofover39gigawatts.Texasfollowedwithacapacityofroughly17.2gigawatts.BothU.S.statesalsohadthelargestsolarPVcapacityadditionsin2021.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2022Source(s):SEIA;WoodMackenzieLeadingstatesbasedonnewsolarPVcapacityinstalledintheUnitedStatesin2022(inmegawatts)U.S.solarelectriccapacityadded2022,byselectstateCapacityadditionsinmegawattsalternatingcurrent1,500

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2,50005001,0003,0003,5004,0004,500CaliforniaTexas4,0983,074Florida1,756NewYorkVirginia776683570GeorgiaNevada447376ColoradoArizona363337NorthCarolina14Description:In2022,CaliforniarankedfirstintheUnitedStatesintermsofnewlyinstalledsolarPVcapacity.Thatyear,4,098additionalmegawattsofsolarcapacitywereinstalledintheGoldenstate.Texasrankedsecond,withadditionsof3,074megawattsofsolarPVcapacity.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2022Source(s):EIA;NRELCumulativesolarphotovoltaiccapacityintheUnitedStatesasofJune2023,bysector(inmegawattsdirectcurrent)SolarPVcapacityinstalledintheU.S.2023,bysector120,00098,907.14100,00080,00060,00040,00020,000032,749.817,748.95,779.91Utility-scaleResidentialCommercialCommunitysolar15Description:In2022,thecapacityofutility-scalesolarphotovoltaicsystemsreachedalmost100gigawattsdirectcurrentintheUnitedStates.Meanwhile,residentialsolarsystemsaccountedforover32gigawattsdirectcurrent.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;asofJune2023Source(s):SEIA;WoodMackenzieCapacityofthelargestsolarphotovoltaicpowerplantsintheUnitedStatesasofJune2023(inmegawatts)LargestsolarphotovoltaicfarmsintheU.S.2023,bycapacityCapacityinmegawatts2000100300400500600700SpotsylvaniaSolarPVPark(Virginia)MidAmericanSolarStarPVPark(California)CopperMountainSolarPark(Nevada)TopazSolarFarm(California)617.9579557550EnelRoadrunnerSolarPVPark(Texas)49716Description:AsofJune2023,theSpotsylvaniaSolarPVPark,locatedinVirginia,heldthelargestinstalledcapacityintheUnitedStates,reaching617.9megawatts.OthermajorphotovoltaicpowerprojectsinthecountryarelocatedinCalifornia,NevadaandTexas.SolarPVaccountsforthevastmajorityofsolarenergycapacityintheUnitedStates.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;asofJune2023Source(s):GlobalData;CHAPTER

03GenerationSolarpowernetgenerationintheUnitedStatesfrom2000to2022(ingigawatthours)SolarpowergenerationintheU.S.2000-2022160,000140,000120,000100,00080,00060,00040,00020,00002000

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202218Description:In2022,netsolarpowergenerationintheUnitedStatesreacheditshighestpointyetat145.6terawatthoursofsolarthermalandphotovoltaic(PV)power.Solarpowergenerationhasincreaseddrasticallyoverthepasttwodecades,especiallysince2011,whenithoveredjustbelowtwoterawatthours.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2000to2022;Includingsolarthermalandphotovoltaic(PV)generationSource(s):EIAShareofelectricitygenerationfromsolarenergyintheUnitedStatesfrom2010to2022ShareofsolarelectricityproductionintheU.S.2010-20225.0%4.5%4.0%3.5%3.0%2.5%2.0%1.5%1.0%4.75%3.96%3.23%2.57%2.22%1.91%1.34%20160.96%20150.71%20140.5%0.0%0.22%20130.11%20120.03%20100.04%201120172018201920202021202219Description:Solarenergyaccountedforsome4.75percentofelectricitygenerationintheUnitedStatesin2022,upfroma3.96percentshareayearearlier.Californiawasthestatewiththelargestpercentageofitselectricitygenerationcoveredbysolar,withapproximately27.3percent.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2010to2022Source(s):EmberShareofsolarinelectricitygenerationintheUnitedStatesin2022,byselectstateSolarenergypenetrationshareintheU.S.in2022,bystateShareofin-stategeneration15%0%5%10%20%25%30%CaliforniaNevada27.3%23.3%MassachusettsVermont19.3%18.5%Hawaii17%UtahRhodeIslandArizona11.5%11%9.9%NorthCarolinaMaine8.9%7%NewJerseyColoradoNewMexico6.8%6.3%6.1%20Description:SolarpenetrationintheUnitedStatesstoodatroughly4.7percentin2022,thatis,solaraccountedfor4.7percentoftheelectricitygeneratedacrossthecountrythatyear.CaliforniaandNevadawerethestateswiththehighestpercentageofsolarintheirelectricitygeneration,with27.3and23.3percent,respectively.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2022Source(s):EIA;NRELCHAPTER

04CompaniesLeadingsolarcontractorsintheU.S.basedoncumulativeinstalledcapacityasof2022(inmegawatts)CumulativeinstalledcapacityofU.S.solarpowercontractors2022Installedcapacityinmegawatts6,000

8,00002,0004,00010,00012,00014,00016,000QuantaServicesSOLVEnergy13,441.1110,357.24McCarthyBuildingCompaniesSunSolarLLCMortenson9,5007,764.057,662.67,291.226,893BlueRidgePowerSignalEnergyRosendinElectricGraniteIndustrialMoss5,983.015,643.155,247.364,8004,197.343,961.713,213.793,100SDIBlack&VeatchBakerElectricCinterraCantsink22/statistics/506677/leading-solar-contractors-in-the-united-states-total-installed-capacityAsof2022,QuantaServiceswastheleadingsolarpowercontractorintheUnitedStatesintermsofinstalledsolarcapacity,withatotalof13.4gigawatts.TheywerefollowedbySOLVEnergy,whichhadacumulativeinstalledcapacityof10.4gigawatts.ReadmoreNote(s):NorthAmerica,UnitedStates;2022Source(s):SolarPowerWorldLeadingsolarcontractorsintheU.S.basedoncapacityadditionsin2022(inmegawatts)U.S.solarpowercontractorcapacityadditions2022Capacityadditionsinmegawatts1,00005001,5002,0002,5003,000QuantaServices(Texas)McCarthyBuildingCompanies(Missouri)SOLVEnergy(California)GraniteIndustrial(California)Mortenson(Minnesota)SignalEnergy(Tennessee)Moss(Florida)2,735.151,8681,633.041,540.151,432.31,349.231,110.131,109.451,086.4SunSolarLLC(Arizona)BlueRidgePower(NorthCarolina)IEA(Indiana)1,047.16DirectionalServices(NorthCarolina)RosendinElectrc653641BakerElectric(California)AESCleanEnergy537526498CupertinoElectric23Description:TherenewableenergycontractorQuantaServicesinstalled2,735megawattsofsolarcapacityin2022.Thistookitscumulativeinstalledsolarcapacityto13,441megawatts.ReadmoreNote(s):NorthAmerica,UnitedStates;2022Source(s):SolarPowerWorldCumulativecapacityofleadingutilitysolardevelopersintheU.S.asof2022(inmegawatts)U.S.utilitysolarpowerdevelopersbasedoncumulativeinstalledcapacity2022Cumulativeinstalledcapacityinmegawatts1,000

1,50005002,0002,500SiliconRanchPineGateRenewablesLightsourcebp2,290.91,9001,640.5CarolinaSolarEnergySunVestSolar797.77200156.73153.25GreenDevelopmenthepAgilitasEnergy35.8224Description:AmongstutilitysolarpowerdevelopersintheUnitedStates,SiliconRanchledwiththehighestcumulativeinstalledcapacityin2022with2,290megawatts.PineGateRenewablesrankedsecondthatyear,with1,900megawattsofcumulativeinstalledcapacity.ReadmoreNote(s):NorthAmerica,UnitedStates;2022Source(s):SolarPowerWorldLeadingutilitysolarpowerdevelopersintheUnitedStatesin2022,bycapacityadded(inmegawatts)LeadingutilitysolarpowerdevelopersintheU.S.2022,bycapacityadditionsCapacityadditionsinmegawatts3000100200400500600700SiliconRanchLightsourcebp623.32622PineGateRenewablesCarolinaSolarEnergyhep487.9514748.89GreenDevelopmentAgilitasEnergy26.616.92SunVestSolar10.6925/statistics/193401/leading-us-solar-energy-developers-utility-marketSiliconRanchwastheleadingU.S.solarphotovoltaicdeveloperoperatingintheutilitymarketin2022basedoncapacityadded,withanadditional623megawattsinstalledthatyear.Lightsourcebprankedsecond,withanaddedcapacityof622megawatts.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2022;considersdeveloperswhoseprimarymarketistheutilitysectorSource(s):SolarPowerWorldNetsalesofFirstSolar,Inc.fromfinancialyear2007to2022(inmillionU.S.dollars)FirstSolar'snetsalesFY2007-20224,5004,0003,5003,0002,5004,1133,3913,3543,3093,0632,9412,9232,9052,7792,7112,6192,5642,2442,0662,0001,5001,0005001,2462008504020072009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202226/statistics/268803/revenue-of-first-solarInthefiscalyearof2022,FirstSolar,Inc.,theArizona-basedmanufacturerofthin-filmphotovoltaicmodules,generatedaround2.62billionU.S.dollarsinrevenues.Comparedtothepreviousyear,therewasanincreaseinnetsalesbynearlyeightpercent.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;FY2007toFY2022Source(s):FirstSolarRevenueofSunPowerCorporationfromfinancialyear2010to2022(inmillionU.S.dollars)SunPower'srevenueFY2010-20223,5003,0003,027.32,552.642,507.22,417.52,5002,0001,5001,0005002,374.42,219.21,794.051,741.071,576.471,202.311,132.031,092.23870.022020020102011201220132014201520162017201820192021202227Description:SunPowerCorporation,amanufacturerofsolarPVmodulesandsolarpowersystems,recordedarevenueofapproximately1.74billionU.S.dollarsduringthefiscalyear2022(endedonJanuary1,2023).Thiswasasignificantincreasefromthepreviousyear.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;FY2010toFY2022Source(s):SunPowerOperatingrevenueofNextEraEnergyfromfinancialyear2006to2022(inbillionU.S.dollars)NextEraEnergy'srevenueFY2006-20222520.9619.2201817.4917.1717.0717.0216.7316.4116.1415.7115.6415.2615.3215.3415.1414.261510502006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202228Description:NextEraEnergygeneratedarevenueofalmost21billionU.S.dollarsin2022.Thiswasanincreaseofroughly23percentincomparisontothepreviousyear.NextEraisaFlorida-basedutilitycompanycomprisedofmultiplesubsidiaries,includingFloridaPower&Light.ItisthelargestelectricutilityintheUnitedStates,basedonmarketvalue.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;FY2006toFY2022Source(s):NextEraEnergyCHAPTER

05EmploymentNumberofemployeesinthesolarenergysectorintheUnitedStatesfrom2010to2022NumberofsolarenergyrelatedjobsintheU.S.2010-2022300,000250,000200,000263,882260,075255,038250,271249,983242,343231,473208,858173,807142,697150,000100,00050,0000119,017105,14593,502201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202230Description:In2022,therewere263,882solarenergyrelatedjobsintheUnitedStates,withthemajorityworkingininstallationandprojectdevelopment.Thisfigurerepresentsanincreaseinsolarindustryemploymentincomparisontothepreviousyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2010to2022Source(s):BWResearchPartnership;IREC;SEIANumberofsolar-relatedjobsintheUnitedStatesin2022,byselectstateLeadingU.S.statesbysolarjobs2022Numberofworkers010,00020,00030,00040,00050,00060,00070,00080,00078,11690,000CaliforniaFlorida12,26711,512NewYorkTexas11,25011,024MassachusettsArizona8,337ColoradoNevada7,6267,5627,4867,310OhioUtah31Description:In2022,CaliforniawasrankedfirstinsolarindustryemploymentintheUnitedStateswithover78,000solar-relatedjobs.TheU.S.solarindustryemployedover260thousandworkersthatyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2022Source(s):BWResearchPartnership;IREC;SEIAEmploymentinthesolarmanufacturingindustryintheU.S.from2010to2022U.S.solarmanufacturingemployment2010-202245,00040,00035,00030,00025,00020,00015,00010,0005,000037,94138,12136,88534,42333,72633,47333,09932,49031,05030,28229,74229,85124,916201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202232Description:ThenumberofemployeesintheU.S.solarmanufacturingindustryin2022stoodatabout33,473.Theworkersinmanufacturingjobsrepresentednearly13percentofallsolarindustryemploymentthatyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2010to2022Source(s):BWResearchPartnership;IREC;SEIAWholesaletradeanddistributionemploymentinthesolarindustryintheU.S.from2010to2022U.S.solarsalesanddistributionemployment2010-202235,00030,00025,00032,14730,91230,61829,79829,24328,97825,66324,37720,18519,77120,00015,00010,0005,000016,00513,00011,744201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202233Description:In2022,wholesaletradeanddistributionemploymentinthesolarindustryoftheUnitedStatesamountedtoapproximately30,600jobs,anincreasefromthepreviousyear.Nevertheless,theinstallationandconstruction-relatedsegmentwasthebiggestemployerintheU.S.solarindustrythatyear.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2010to2022Source(s):BWResearchPartnership;IREC;SEIACHAPTER

06ManufacturingSolarsupplychainmanufacturingcapacityintheUnitedStatesasofMarch2023,bystatusandcomponent(inmegawatts)SolarmanufacturingpipelineintheU.S.2023,bystageandcomponentOperatingRestartingUnderconstructionAnnouncedProposedexpansion80,00070,00060,00050,00040,00030,00020,00010,0000ModulesCellsWafersIngotGlassManufacturingequipmentInverters35Description:AsofMarch2023,therewereover68gigawattsintheUnitedStates'solarmodulepipeline.Asofthatdate,operatingsolarmodulefacilitieshadatotalcapacityof11.4gigawatts,whiletherewereanadditional15.1gigawattsunderconstructionand40.9megawattsofmodulemanufacturingcapacityannouncedacrossthecountry.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;March2023Source(s):SEIASolarmodulemanufacturingcapacityintheUnitedStatesin2022,withaforecastfrom2023to2026(ingigawatts)ProspectivemanufacturingcapacityofsolarmodulesintheU.S.2022-202670605060554540302010029920222023*20242025202636Description:ThemanufacturingcapacityofsolarmodulesintheUnitedStatesisexpectedtogrowfromninegigawattsin2022to60gigawattsin2026.SinceInflationReductionAct(IRA)waspassed,newmodulemanufacturingfacilitieshavebeenannouncedacrossthecountry.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;March2023;*Figuresfrom2023onareforecastSource(s):SEIA;WoodMackenzieForecastsolarcellmanufacturingcapacityintheUnitedStatesinfrom2024until2026(ingigawatts)ProspectivemanufacturingcapacityofsolarcellsintheU.S.2024-2026252020171510105020242025202637Description:ThemanufacturingcapacityofsolarcellsintheUnitedStatesisexpectedtoreach20gigawattsin2026.Bythatsameyear,theU.S.isprojectedtohaveasolarmodulemanufacturingcapacityof60gigawatts.SinceInflationReductionAct(IRA)waspassed,newsolarcellandmodulemanufacturingfacilitieshavebeenannouncedacrossthecountry.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;March2023;FiguresareforecastSource(s):SEIA;WoodMackenzieCHAPTER

07OutlookProjectednewinstallationsofsolarPVcapacityworldwidebetween2023and2027,byselectcountry(ingigawatts)GlobalnewsolarPVcapacityforecastbyselectcountry2023-2027CapacityingigawattsHighscenario400Mediumscenario600Lowscenario02008001,0001,2001,008ChinaUnitedStatesIndia873764315252179190145112111GermanySpain8874917460594433Brazil564031AustraliaJapan453932382922Poland47Italy282339Description:Between2023and2027,itisforecastthatChinawillbetheleadingcountryintermsofnewsolarPV(photovoltaic)capacityinstallations,withatotalofoneterawattonahi