Unit+6+Disaster+and+hope++Using+language 語(yǔ)法課件 外研版高中英語(yǔ)（2019）必修第三冊(cè)

Unit6DisasterandhopeUsinglanguagebyAdaEllipsis1一般來(lái)說(shuō)，使用省略(Ellipsis)有時(shí)是為了避免不必要的重復(fù)，使語(yǔ)言精煉；有時(shí)則是由于習(xí)慣用法。2句子中各個(gè)成分都可省略，但經(jīng)常省略的是與上文重復(fù)的部分和雙方都不會(huì)誤解的部分。1Comparethetwogroupsofsentencesandanswerthequestions.Sentences(a)and(b)arefromthereadingpassagea

It’sjusttypicalthatmyjourneyisononeoftheoldestlines,aswellasoneofthedeepest.b

Myofficeisonlyonthethirdfloorofthebuilding,soquitelow.a

It’sjusttypicalthatmyjourneyisononeoftheoldestlines,aswellasoneofthedeepestlines.b

Myofficeisonlyonthethirdfloorofthebuilding,soitisquitelow.Ellipsis1Comparethetwogroupsofsentencesandanswerthequestions.Sentences(a)and(b)arefromthereadingpassage1.Whathasbeenleftoutinsentences(a)and(b)?2.Whydoestheauthorleavethemout?Ellipsisleaveout省去；遺漏“Lines”hasbeenleftoutinsentence(a),and“itis”hasbeenleftoutinsentence(b)Theauthorleavesthemouttoavoidrepeatingthewordorexpressionthatistooobvious,andtomakesentencesmoreconcise.Nowlookformoresentenceswiththepastfuturetenseinthereadingpassage.

Itisthehottest(line)onthewholeTubesystem.Itislovelyatthebeach,but(itis)notsowhenyou’rewearingasuitandinacrowdofpassengers!Yet,eachsummerinLondondefinitelyseemshotterthanthelast(summer).Usinglangauge一，詞法的省略冠詞的省略1兩個(gè)并列名詞前有相同的冠詞，不引起歧義的情況下，可以省略第二個(gè)冠詞。Isthebabyaboyor(a)girl?Boththeoldand(the)youngwillbeinvitedtotheparty.Usinglangauge一，詞法的省略冠詞的省略2在as/though引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)句首是名詞時(shí)，省略冠詞。Childassheis,LisaknowsalotaboutChineseliterature.Starthoughheis,theboyalwaysremainsmodest.Usinglangauge一，詞法的省略冠詞的省略3表示獨(dú)一無(wú)二的頭銜、職位等名詞作表語(yǔ)或補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，常省略冠詞。Themanwasappointeddean(主任)oftheEnglishdepartment.Thewomanwhoisspeakingisdirector(主管)ofthecommercialorganisation.Usinglangauge一，詞法的省略冠詞的省略4副詞最高級(jí)前通常省略定冠詞the。Theboywhorunsfastestamongthestudentsismycousin,Tom.Thehungrybeggereatsmost.Usinglangauge一，詞法的省略介詞的省略1動(dòng)詞-ing前介詞的省略havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.spend/waste...(in)doingsth.haveagood/wonderfultime(in)doingsth.havefun(in)doingsth.beoccupied(in)doingsth.thereisnogood/use/need/point(in)doingsth.stop/prevent...(from)doingsth.Usinglangauge一，詞法的省略冠詞的省略2在表示一段時(shí)間的名詞短語(yǔ)中，常省略介詞for，但在否定句或位于句首時(shí)不省。Theheavyrainlasted(for)afewdaysandledtoaflood.Forawholeyear,Iwasstudyingveryhardatschoolandwasadmittedintomyfavoritecollege.Ihaven’thearfromherforalongtime.Usinglangauge一，詞法的省略連詞和從句引導(dǎo)詞的省略1賓語(yǔ)從句中連接詞that?？墒÷浴５鄠€(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)從句，只能省略第一個(gè)that。Themanagersaid(that)Davidhadcomehereanhourbeforeandthathehadcheckedinatthehotel.Theirparentssaid(that)nooneleftthehouseyesterday.Usinglangauge一，詞法的省略連詞和從句引導(dǎo)詞的省略2定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞代替先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)且前面沒(méi)有逗號(hào)或介詞時(shí)可以省略。Doyoustillrememberthenameofthefirm(that/which)wevisitedlastmonth?Doyouknowtheman(that/whom)yourmotheristalkingto?Usinglangauge二，句法的省略簡(jiǎn)單句的省略1祈使句中常省略主語(yǔ)you。Keepquiteinthelibrary.Takeoffyourmuddyshoesbeforeyogetinside.2感嘆句中句意明確時(shí)，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常省略。Whatabeautifulsight(itis)!Howclever(youare)!Usinglangauge二，句法的省略并列句的省略1主語(yǔ)不同，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一部分相同，則省略謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相同的部分。Somepeoplegotothemountains,andothers(go)totheseaside.2主語(yǔ)相同，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也相同，則二者都可以省略。HisadvicemadeTommyhappy,but(hisadvicemade)Johnangry.3主語(yǔ)相同，而謂語(yǔ)不同，則可省略主語(yǔ)。OldDavidgaveupsmokingforawhile,but(he)soonreturnedtohisoldways.Usinglangauge二，句法的省略狀語(yǔ)從句的省略①在表示時(shí)間、條件、地點(diǎn)、比較、方式或讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中；省略從句中“主語(yǔ)+be”的部分，滿足一下條件：②從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致或從句主語(yǔ)為it；③從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為be動(dòng)詞Usinglangauge二，句法的省略狀語(yǔ)從句的省略省略從句中“主語(yǔ)+be”的部分，滿足一下條件：Unless

(heis)askedtoanswerthequestions,Tomkeepssilentallthetimeinclass.While

(shewas)walkingalongthestreet,sheheardhernamecalled.If

(itis)necessary,youcancontactmeatanttime.Usinglangauge其他情況的省略1某些使役動(dòng)詞(let,make,have等)及感官動(dòng)詞(see,watch,notice,hear,feel等后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式要省略to，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中須把to復(fù)原。Isawtheboyplaytennisontheplayground.Theboywasseentoplaytennisontheplayground.Usinglangauge2介詞but前如有動(dòng)詞do，后面不定式要省略toIcandonothingbutwait.3“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)中Thesooner(youdoit),thebetter(itwillbe).其他情況的省略Usinglangauge其他情況的省略4并列的不定式可以省略后面的toIwastoldtositdownandwaitforamoment.5省略一個(gè)從句或從句的一部分，用so或not代替。---Willheacceptmyapology?---Iguessnot.---Aretheycomebacktonight?---Ithinkso.2Readtheparagraphandfindoutwhatwordshavebeenremovedbeforeoraftertheunderlinedwords.Technologyisn’ttheonlywaytoforecasttheweather.Naturehasitsways,too.Unusualanimalbehaviour,forexample,canindicatewhetherit’scold,wetweatherthat’sonthewayorahot,dryperiod.Iffisharejumpinghigherthanusualorfrogsarecroakingmoreloudly,itmayrain.Andnexttimeyoulookupatthesky,don’tjustlookforrainclouds,butalsoforbirds.Iftheyareflyinglow,grabyourumbrella.Itisalsosaidthatmiceandsnakesheadforsafergroundseveraldaysbeforeanearthquake,whiledogsavoidingthebeachmaybeasignthatatsunamiisapproaching.Ofcourse,althoughthesethingsmaysuggestsomethingbadisgoingtohappen,theywon’ttelluswhenandwhere.So,foraccurateandreliablepredictions,it’sbesttocheckanofficial,scientificreport.2Readtheparagraphandfindoutwhatwordshavebeenremovedbeforeoraftertheunderlinedwords.UsinglangaugeTechnologyisn’ttheonlywaytoforecasttheweather.Naturehasitsways

(toforecasttheweather),too.Unusualanimalbehaviour,forexample,canindicatewhetherit’scold,wetweatherthat’sonthewayorahot,dryperiod

(that’sontheway).Iffisharejumpinghigherthanusualorfrogsarecroakingmoreloudly(thanusual),itmayrain.2Readtheparagraphandfindoutwhatwordshavebeenremovedbeforeoraftertheunderlinedwords.UsinglangaugeAndnexttimeyoulookupatthesky,don’tjustlookforrainclouds,butalso(look)forbirds.Ofcourse,althoughthesethingsmaysuggestsomethingbadisgoingtohappen,theywon’ttelluswhen(somethingbadisgoingtohappen)andwhere(somethingbadisgoingtohappen).3Removewordsfromthenewsreporttomakeitmoreconcise.Usin