高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之虛擬語(yǔ)氣講解

[TheSubjunctiveMood]

語(yǔ)氣（mood）是一種動(dòng)詞形式，用以表示說(shuō)話者的意圖或態(tài)度。英語(yǔ)中的語(yǔ)氣有三種：陳述語(yǔ)氣、祈

使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

直陳語(yǔ)氣（indicativemood）,表示所說(shuō)的話是事實(shí)。

祈使語(yǔ)氣（imperativemood）,表示所說(shuō)的話是請(qǐng)求或命令。

虛擬語(yǔ)氣（subjunctivemood）,表示說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí)，或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望、建議或

與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)等。

一.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的應(yīng)用

學(xué)習(xí)虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的用法之前我們必須清楚條件句的種類：條件句有真實(shí)條件句與非真實(shí)條件

句（或稱虛擬條件句）兩種。真實(shí)條件句所表的假設(shè)是可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，句中的條件從句與結(jié)果主句都用

陳述語(yǔ)氣。

如：

Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow,Iwillgofbrapicnic.假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。

Oilfloatsifyoupouritonwater.你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起來(lái)。

虛擬條件句所表的假設(shè)則是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，句中的條件從句與結(jié)果主句皆須用虛擬

語(yǔ)氣。

條件從句主句

should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原

與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相違背過(guò)去式（動(dòng)詞是be用were）

形

should/would/could/might+have+

與過(guò)去事實(shí)相違背had+過(guò)去分詞

過(guò)去分詞

1）should+動(dòng)詞原形

should/would/could/might+動(dòng)詞原

與未來(lái)事實(shí)相違背2）were+動(dòng)詞不定式

形

3）過(guò)去式（動(dòng)詞是Be也可以用were）

1.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（be的過(guò)去式用were）,主句的謂

語(yǔ)用should（would,might,could）+動(dòng)詞原形。

如：

Ifitwerenotraining,weshouldgoforapicnic.如果現(xiàn)在不下雨的話，我們就出去野餐了。

（事實(shí)是：天在下雨，我們不能出去野餐。表示愿望。）

Ifhecamehere,hemightbeabletohelpyou.如果他來(lái)這，他就能夠幫助你了。

（事實(shí)是：他沒(méi)來(lái)這，他不可能幫助你。表示對(duì)他的良好印象。）

2.與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用had+過(guò)去分詞，主句的謂語(yǔ)用should（would,

might,could）+have+過(guò)去分詞。

如：Shewouldhavegonetothepartyifshehadbeeninvited.

要是當(dāng)初她被邀請(qǐng)的話，她就會(huì)去參加這次聚會(huì)了。

（事實(shí)是：當(dāng)時(shí)沒(méi)有人邀請(qǐng)她，因此，她沒(méi)有來(lái)參加聚會(huì)。表示后悔。）

Ifshehadn'tcalledme,Iwouldhaveoversleptthismorning.

今天早上，她要是不叫我的話，我就會(huì)睡過(guò)頭了。

（事實(shí)是：她今天早上叫我了，我沒(méi)有睡過(guò)頭。表示感激。）

3.與將來(lái)事實(shí)可能相反的虛擬條件句，條件從句的謂語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（be的過(guò)去式用were）；should

+動(dòng)詞原形；wereto+動(dòng)詞原形，主句用should（would,might,could）+動(dòng)詞原形。

如：IfIweretobetwentyyearsoldnextyear,IwouldtakethecourseofFrench.

明年我要是二十歲，我就會(huì)學(xué)法語(yǔ)。

（事實(shí)是：我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)老了，明年我學(xué)不了法語(yǔ)了。）

Ifitshouldfail,Iwouldtryagain.要是失敗了，我會(huì)再試一次。

（事實(shí)是：有可能失敗，可我會(huì)再試。表示未知。）

虛擬過(guò)去式有時(shí)并不表示“不大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的假設(shè)”，而是表示一種希望或不希望發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

如：Ifwecaughttheearlytrain,we'dgettherebylunchtime.

假如我們趕上早班火車，到午飯時(shí)間我們就會(huì)到達(dá)那里了。（表希望）

Ifwemissedthetrain,weshouldhavetowailanhouratthestation.

假如我們趕不上這班火車，我們就得在車站等一小時(shí)。（表不希望）

4.混合型的條件句

當(dāng)條件從句與主句所表的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式應(yīng)作相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞并

不相互呼應(yīng)，這種條件句叫混合條件句。較多見(jiàn)的混合型條件句是從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)（指過(guò)去行為），而

主句用一般時(shí)（指目前狀態(tài)）。

Hewouldpassthetestifhehadtakenmyadvice.如果他聽(tīng)了我的勸告，他現(xiàn)在會(huì)通過(guò)考試。

IfIhadspokentohimyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.

假如昨天我對(duì)他說(shuō)了，現(xiàn)在我就知道該怎么辦了。

Youwouldbemuchbetternowifyouhadtakenmyadvice.

假如你接受了我的意見(jiàn)，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)好得多。

如條件從句用ifIwere...,主句則可用表任何時(shí)間的虛擬形式。

如：IfIwerenotbusy,Iwouldhavecome.

假如我不忙，我就會(huì)去了。（were表過(guò)去）

IfIwereyou,Iwouldgo.

假如我是你，我會(huì)去的。（were表現(xiàn)在）

二.連詞if的省略

如果虛擬條件句的謂語(yǔ)部分有were,had和should時(shí)，可省略if,把were,had和should放到從句主

語(yǔ)前面去，多見(jiàn)于書(shū)面語(yǔ)。

Hadyounothelpedme,Ishouldhavefailed.要是沒(méi)有你的幫助，我就失敗了。

Wereyouinmyposition,youwoulddothesame.假如你處在我的地位，你也會(huì)這樣干的。

Shouldtheyattackus,we'llwipethemoutcompletely.

假如他們進(jìn)攻我們，我們就把他們徹底消滅干凈。

三.含蓄條件句

虛擬條件句中的條件從句有時(shí)不表出來(lái)，只暗含在上下文中，這種句子叫做含蓄條件句。含蓄條件句

大體有三種情況。

1）條件暗含在短語(yǔ)中。

如：Butforyourhelpwecouldn'thavesucceededintheexperiment.

如果沒(méi)有你的幫助，我們的實(shí)驗(yàn)是不會(huì)成功的。（暗含在分詞短詞butforyourhelp）

WhatwouldIhavedonewithoutyou?如沒(méi)有你，我會(huì)怎么辦呢？（條件暗含在介詞短語(yǔ)withoutyou中）

Itwouldbeeasiertodoitthisway.這樣做會(huì)比較容易。

（條件暗含在不定式短語(yǔ)lodoitthisway中）

Thissamething,happeninginwartime,amounttodisaster.

同樣的事，如發(fā)生在戰(zhàn)時(shí)，就會(huì)釀成大禍。（條件暗含在分詞短語(yǔ)happeninginwartime中）

Hemusthavethestrengthofahippopotamus,orhenevercouldhavevanquishedthatgreatbeast.他一定是

力大如河馬，否則他絕不會(huì)擊敗那只龐大的野獸。（暗含條件是連詞。r）

Alone,hewouldhavebeenterrified.如是單獨(dú)一人，他是會(huì)感到害怕的。（暗含條件是alone）

2）條件暗含在上下文中。

如：Youmightstayhereforever.你可以永遠(yuǎn)待在這兒。（可能暗含ifyouwantedto）

Wewouldhavesucceeded.我們本來(lái)是會(huì)成功的。（可能暗含ifwehadkepttrying）

Yourreputationwouldberuined.你的名譽(yù)會(huì)敗壞的。（可能暗含ifyoushouldacceptit）

3）在不少情況下，虛擬式已變成習(xí)慣說(shuō)法，很難找出其暗含的條件。

如：Youwouldn'tknow.你不會(huì)知道。

Iwouldliketocome.我愿意來(lái)。

四.不用if引導(dǎo)的條件從句

虛擬條件句中的條件從句除用if引外，還可用when,unless,lest,suppose,asif,forfear,incase,on

condition等詞語(yǔ)來(lái)引導(dǎo)。

如：Thepeasantspreparedtofeedthecitywhenitshouldbefreed.

農(nóng)民已準(zhǔn)備在這座城市解放后供給糧食。

Lestyoushouldnothaveheardall,Ishallbeginatthebeginning.

我怕你沒(méi)有聽(tīng)全，所以我再?gòu)念^開(kāi)始講一遍。

UnlessIwerewell,Iwouldn'tbeatschool.除非我好了,否則我不會(huì)上學(xué)。

SupposeyouweregivenachancetostudyinAmerica,wouldyouaccept?

假如給你一個(gè)到美國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)，你會(huì)接受嗎？（suppose或supposing=whatif）

Supposingitwereso?（=Supposingitwereso,whatwouldhappen?）

要是這樣的話，會(huì)怎么樣呢？

Hecanusethebicycleonconditionthatheshouldreturnittomorrow.

如果明天能還回來(lái)，他就可以借用這輛自行車。

IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeofmypromise如果我忘了，請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐业闹Z言。

Susaniswalkingslowly,asifsheweretired.蘇珊走得很慢，就像是累了似的。

與if一樣，上述詞語(yǔ)所引導(dǎo)的條件從句亦可用直陳語(yǔ)氣，表可能實(shí)現(xiàn)或發(fā)生的事。

虛擬語(yǔ)氣補(bǔ)充講解（第二課時(shí)）

虛擬語(yǔ)氣除主要用于條件句（也就是狀語(yǔ)從句）外，還可用于主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)

從句等。

1.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在主語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用

“常用在Itis（was）+形容詞/過(guò)去分詞+that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句”的句型中的主語(yǔ)從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。主語(yǔ)

從句的謂語(yǔ)用should+動(dòng)詞原形（或should+have+過(guò)去分詞）或只用動(dòng)詞原形（尤其是美國(guó)英語(yǔ)）。should在此

是助動(dòng)詞，本身并無(wú)實(shí)義，這種主語(yǔ)從句中的should有時(shí)有感情色彩。

It'simportantthatwe（should）workoutaplan.（帶有"要求"的含義）

It'sbetterthathegoatonce.（帶有“建議的意思）

☆用于本句型的形容詞并不多，常見(jiàn)形容詞有：necessary,important,best,right,impossible,preferable,

desirable,imperative,advisable,essential,reserved,urgent,等。

Itisnecessarythathe（should）besentthereatonce.

It*sstrangethatheshouldsayso.

Iwasgladthatheshouldgo.

Itisimportantthatweshouldspeakpolitely.

Itisapitythatsheshouldfaresobadly.

Itsrightthatyoushouldthinkthatway.

☆用于本句型中的過(guò)去分詞就是表示提議要求、命令等動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，如suggested,settled,required,

requested,demanded,urged,decided,proposed,ordered,desired,advised等。

ItisrequestedthatProfessorLiu（should）giveusalecture.

Itisdesiredthatwe（should）geteverythingreadybytonight.

I'mashamedyoushouldhavedonesuchathing.

Ithasbeensuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.有人建議推遲會(huì)議。

Itissettledthatyouleaveus,then?

注意：這種句型中的主語(yǔ)從句也可用陳述語(yǔ)氣，如：Itwasimportantthathemadeanexplicitstatementonthis

scorelastweek.他上個(gè)星期對(duì)于這一方面做了明確的說(shuō)明，這是很重要的。

2.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用

1).賓語(yǔ)從句在表示提議、要求、命令、意志等動(dòng)詞后，其謂語(yǔ)用should+動(dòng)詞原形或只用動(dòng)詞原形的

虛擬語(yǔ)氣，作為suggest,request,demand,urge,propose,prefer,advise,insist,require,order,command,

maintain,ask,object,arrange,desire等動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。

如：

Thedoctorsuggestedthathenotgothere.醫(yī)生建議他不要去那里。

Hesuggestedthatweshouldleaveearly.他建議我們?cè)琰c(diǎn)動(dòng)身。

Thejudgeorderedthattheprisonershouldberemanded.法官命令被告還押。

2).wish的賓語(yǔ)的從句，表示愿望，常省去連詞that。

☆從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用過(guò)去式，表示現(xiàn)在的愿望(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反)，雖實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性不大，但仍

有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能。

Iwishitweretrue.我但愿這是真的。

☆從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還可用“could(would,might)+動(dòng)詞原形”用來(lái)表示將來(lái)的愿望

Iwishyouwouldstayalittlelonger.我希望你再待一會(huì)兒。

☆表示無(wú)能為力的過(guò)去愿望(與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反)，可用“had+過(guò)去分詞”或“could(would,might)

+have+過(guò)去分詞”

Iwishyouhadcalledyesterday.我希望你昨天來(lái)過(guò)電話。

WewishyouhadcometoourNewYear'sparty我們真希望你來(lái)參加了我們的新年聯(lián)歡會(huì)。

3).wouldrather,wouldsooner等表示愿望，其賓語(yǔ)從句常用虛擬過(guò)去式。

☆表示與現(xiàn)在和將來(lái)含義事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣要用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式

☆用過(guò)去完成式(had+過(guò)去分詞)表示過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的含義

Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.我寧愿你明天來(lái)。

rdsoonershelefttheheavyendoftheworktosomeoneelse.我寧愿她把重活留給別人。

4).有些動(dòng)詞，如think,expect,believe,其否定式的賓語(yǔ)從句亦可用should+動(dòng)詞原形。如：

Ineverthoughtheshouldrefuse.我萬(wàn)沒(méi)有想到他會(huì)拒絕。

Shedidnotexpectthatyoushouldcome.她沒(méi)有預(yù)料你會(huì)來(lái)。

3.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在表語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用

名詞suggestion,proposal,order,advice,demand等作主語(yǔ)，其后的表語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般使用

虛擬語(yǔ)氣，用should+動(dòng)詞原形或省略shouldo

Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)sendafewsoldierstohelpthem.

我的建議是我們應(yīng)派幾個(gè)戰(zhàn)士去增援他們。

Myadviceisthatyou(should)treatherwell.我的忠告是你應(yīng)該善待她。

Hemakesthedemandthatshe(should)leavetheplaceatonce.

他提出一個(gè)要求，要求她立刻離開(kāi)這個(gè)地方。

Mysuggestionisthatweshouldtellhim.我的建議是我們應(yīng)該告訴他。

Ouronlyrequestisthatthisshouldbesettledassoonaspossible.

我們唯一的請(qǐng)求就是盡快解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

注意：虛擬語(yǔ)氣也可以用于同位語(yǔ)從句。

如：TherewasasuggestionthatBrownshouldbedroppedfromtheteam.有一項(xiàng)建議是布朗應(yīng)該離隊(duì)。

4.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在定語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用

常用在Itistime（that）…句型中，定語(yǔ)從句常用虛擬過(guò)去式

Itistimethechildrenwenttobed.孩子們?cè)缭撋洗菜X(jué)了。（表示催促）

Itshightimethathebegantothinkhowtodealwithmoney.

他早該開(kāi)始考慮如何與錢(qián)打交道。

Itistimeweleft.我們?cè)撟吡恕?/p>

Itistimewewenttobed.我們?cè)撊ニX(jué)了。

5.虛擬式動(dòng)詞原形亦常用在獨(dú)立句中，表愿望

LonglivetheCommunistPartyofChina!中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨萬(wàn)歲！

Godblessyou!上帝保佑你。

Goddamnit!該死的！

Thedeviltakeyou!見(jiàn)鬼去吧！

Sobeitthen.就那樣吧。

6.虛擬時(shí)態(tài)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的關(guān)系：從句中的虛擬時(shí)態(tài)往往不受全句謂語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)的影響。

1）用于主語(yǔ)從句。試比較：

Itisimportantthatheshouldknowaboutthis.他必須知道止匕事。

Itwasimportantthatheshouldknowaboutthis.他必須知道此事。

2）用于賓語(yǔ)從句。試比較：

Isuggestthatweshouldgotomorrow.我建議我們明天走。

Isuggestedthatweshouldgothenextday.我建議我們第二天走。

Shesaid,“IfIwereaboyIwouldjointhearmy."她說(shuō)，“我如是男孩，就參軍。”

Shesaidthatifshewereaboy,shewouldjointhearmy.她說(shuō)她如是男孩就參軍。

但強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的虛擬式在間接引語(yǔ)中需要遵守時(shí)態(tài)一致的原則。試比較：

“IfIknewhowitworked,Icouldtellyouwhattodo,“hesaid.

“假如我知道它是如何運(yùn)行的話，我就會(huì)告訴你該怎么辦，”他說(shuō)道。

Hesaidthatifhehadknownhowitworkedhecouldhavetoldmewhattodo.

他說(shuō)假如他知道它是如何運(yùn)行的話，他就會(huì)告訴我該怎么辦。

“IfIknewtheanswertoallyourquestionsFdbeagenius,“hesaid.

“我如知道你所有問(wèn)題的答案，我就是天才了?！彼f(shuō)道。

Hesaidthatifheknewtheanswertoallmyquestions,he'dbeagenius.

他說(shuō)他如知道我所有問(wèn)題的答案，他就是天才了。

但如果全句謂語(yǔ)是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其后從句的時(shí)態(tài)則多受其影響，現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)隨之而變?yōu)檫^(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。

如：Iwouldthinkhewaswrong.我看他是錯(cuò)了。（須用was,試比較：Ithinkheiswrong）

Itwouldseemthatshewasright.她似乎是對(duì)的。（須用was,試比較：Itseemsthatsheisright）

虛擬語(yǔ)氣練習(xí)

專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1:

1.1enjoyedthemovieverymuch.IwishIthebookfromwhichitwasmade.

A.havereadB.hadread

C.shouldhavereadD.arereading

2.Youarelate.Ifyouafewminutesearlier,youhim.

A.come;wouldmeetB.hadcome;wouldhavemet

C.come;willmeetD.hadcome;wouldmeet

3.Thetwostudentstalkedasiftheyfriendsforyears.

A.shouldbeB.wouldbe

C.havebeenD.hadbeen

4.1tisimportantthatIwithMr.Williamsimmediately.

A.speakB.spoke

C.willspeakD.tospeak

5.Helookedasifheillforalongtime.

A.wasB.WereC.hasbeenD.hadbeen

6.1fthedoctorhadcomeearlier,thepoorchildwouldnot.

A.havelaidtherefortwohoursB.havebeenliedtherefortwohours

C.haveliedtherefortwohoursD.havelaintherefortwohours

7.1wishthatIwithyoulastnight.

A.wentB.couldgo

C.havegoneD.couldhavegone

8.Let'ssayyoucouldgothereagain,howfeel?

A.willyouB.shouldyou

C.wouldyouD.doyou

9.1can'tstandhim.Healwaystalksasthoughheeverything.

A.knewB.knows

C.hasknownD.hadknown

10.thefog,weshouldhavereachedourschool.

A.BecauseofB.Inspiteof

C.IncaseofD.Butfor

1l.Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,Ihimattheairport.

A.wouldmeetB.wouldhadmet

C.wouldhavemetD.wouldhavemeet

12.Mikecantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhemehow.

A.teachesB.willteach

C.hastaughtD.wouldteach

13.1wouldhavetoldhimtheanswer,haditbeenpossible,butIsobusythen.

A.hadbeenB.were

C.wasD.wouldbe

14.He'sworkinghardforfearthathe.

A.shouldfallbehindB.fellbehind

C.mayfallbehindD.wouldfallenbehind

15.Ifitanothertenminutes,thegamewouldhavebeencalledoff.

A.hadrainedB.wouldhaverained

C.haveseenD.rained

16.Hesuggestedthattheyuseatrickinsteadoffighting.

A.shouldB.would

C.doD.had

17.MyfatherdidnotgotoNewYork;thedoctorsuggestedthathethere.

A.notwentB.won'tgo

C.notgoD.nottogo

18.1wouldhavegonetothemeetingifItime.

A.hadhadB.havehad

C.hadD.wouldhavehad

19.WouldyouratherIbuyinganewbike?

A.decidedagainstB.willdecideagainst

C.havedecidedD.shalldecideagainst

20.Youlooksotiredtonight.Itistimeyou.

A.gotosleepB.wenttosleep

C.gotobedD.wenttobed

21.—Whydidn'tyoubuyanewcar?

-IwouldhaveboughtoneifIenoughmoney.

A.hadB.havehad

C.wouldhaveD.hadhad

22.1fshecouldsew,.

A.shemakeadressB.shewouldhavemadeashirt

C.shewillmakeashirtD.shewouldhadmadeacoat

23.today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.

A.WouldheleaveB.Washeleaving

C.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleaves

24.Hisdoctorsuggestedthatheashorttripabroad.

A.willtakeB.wouldtake

C.takeD.took

25.TheBakersarrivedlastnight.Ifthey'donlyletusknowearlier,atthestation.

A.we'dmeetthemB.we'llmeetthem

C.we'dhavemetthemD.we'vemetthem

26.1fIyou,ImoreattentiontoEnglishidiomsandphrases.

A.was;shallpayB.am;willpay

C.wouldbe;wouldpayD.were;wouldpay

27.Wemighthavefailedifyouusahelpinghand.

A.havenotgivenB.wouldnotgive

C.hadnotgivenD.didnotgive

28.Thelawrequiresthateveryonehiscarcheckedatleastonceayear.

A.hasB.had

C.haveD.willhave

29.ltisstrangethatheso.

A.wouldsayB.wouldspeak

C.shouldsayD.willspeak

3O.HadIknownhername,

A.ordoessheknowmine?B.andwheredoesshelive?

C.shewouldbebeautiful.D.Iwouldhaveinvitedhertolunch.

31.Hehasjustarrived,buthetalksasifheallaboutthat.

A.knowB.knows

C.knownD.knew

32.1fIthemoney,Iwouldhaveboughtamuchbiggercar.

A.possessedB.owned

C.hadD.hadhad

33.Hewasverybusyyesterday;otherwise,hetothemeeting.

A.wouldcomeB.came

C.wouldhavecomeD.willcome

34.ThelibrarianinsiststhatJohnnomorebooksfromthelibrarybeforehereturnsallthebooks

hehasborrowed.

A.willtakeB.took

C.takeD.takes

35.1leftveryearlylastnight,butIwishIsoearly.

A.didn'tleaveB.hadn'tleft

C.haven91leftD.couldn'tleave

36.1donothaveajob.IwouldfindonebutInotime.

A.hadB.didn'thave

C.hadhadD.have

37.1wishthatyousuchabadheadachebecauseI'msurethatyouwouldhaveenjoyedthe

concert.

A.hadn'tB.didn'thavehad

C.hadn'thadD.hadn'thave

38.Heinsistedthatweallinhisofficeatoneo'clock.

A.beB.tobe

C.wouldbeD.shallbe

39.Helencouldn'tgotoFranceafterall.Thafstoobad.Tmsureshewouldhaveenjoyeditif.

A.she'sgoneB.she'llgo

C.she'dgoneD.she'dgo

專項(xiàng)練習(xí)2：

1.Hisdoctorsuggestedthatheashortleaveofabsence.

A.willtakeB.wouldtakeC.takeD.took

2.Thejobwouldrequirethatat7o'clockeverymorning.

A.hewillbeatthefactoryB.hebeatthefactory

C.hewasatthefactoryD.hehasbeenatthefactory

3.Youradvicethatshetillnextweekisreasonable.

A.willwaitB.isgoingtowaitC.waitsD.wait

4.Thehousemasterwasstrict.Herequestedthatwetelevisiononweeknights.

A.notwatchB.mustnottowatch

C.notbewatchingD.havenotwatched

5.Itisnecessarythataworkerhisworkontime.

A.accomplishesB.canaccomplish

C.accomplishD.hasaccomplished

6.ItisimportantthathehisdecisionbeforeFriday.

A.willmakeB.makesC.makeD.mustmake

7.Youlooksotired.Ifstimeyou.

A.gotosleepB.wenttosleep

C.gotobedD.wenttobed

8.Fdratheryouanythingaboutitforthetimebeing.

A.doB.didn'tdoC.don*tD.didn't

9.Butforwater,itimpossibletoliveinthedesert.

A.isB.wasC.wereD.wouldn'tbe

10.itforyourhelp,Icouldn'thavemadeanyprogress.

A.Had；notbeenB.Should；notbeen

C.Did；notbeenD.Not；be

11.Long______theParty!

A.livesB.liveC,willliveD.shouldlive

12.MarvinsistedthatTomhertherineback.

A.givesB.giveC.givenD.havegiven

13.Mysuggestionwasthatthemeeting______offtillnextweek.

A.toputB.beput

C.shouldputD.beputting

14.MothersuggestedthatImyhomeworkfirstbeforewatchingTV.

A.didB.doC.shalldoD.havedone

15.Heinsistedthatnothingtillhearrived.

A.mustbestartedB.oughttobestarted

C.couldbestartedD.shouldbestarted

16.TomsueseststhatAnnthehouse.

A.cansellB.sellsC.sellD.sold

17.It'sbetterthathe______itfromyou.

A.11hearB.hearsC.shouldhearD.heard

18.Itwasnecessarythathe______aboutwhathadhappened.

A.betoldB.wastoldC.shouldtellD.tell

19.Ifsastonishingthatshe______sadatnewsthatithasnothingtodowithher.

A.feltB.shouldfeelC.'llfeelD.wouldfeel

20.Itwasstrangethatweshortofwaterinthecountrywhereitwasalwaysrainins.

A.areB.beC.shouldbeD.bothBandC

21.Itisstrangethatshemarrysuchanuglyman.

A.wouldB.shouldC.shallD.must

22.It'snotrightthatthemeetingofftilltomorrow.

A.mustbeputB.mustputC.willbeputD.beput

23.Itwasimpossiblethathethetrain,forhehadstartedoutveryearly.

A.couldhavemissedB.musthavemissed

C.shouldhavemissedD.shouldmiss

24.It'sapitythathesuchagoodchance.

A.shouldmissB.shouldhavemissedC.hasmissedD.alltheabove

25.Hetriedtofindsomeexcuseforthedebt,butIinsistedthatheitoffatonce.

A.mustpayB.oughttopayC.paidD.pay

26.Mr.Fordinsistedthatheright,thoughtheothersdidn'tthinkso.

A.shoulddoB.shouldhavedoneC.haddoneD.did

27.Hispalefacesuggestedthathethesadnews.

A.shouldbetoldB.shouldhavebeentold

C.wastoldD.hadbeentold

28.Hesuggestedthatwehereatonce.

A.shouldleaveB.mustleaveC.leftD.oughttoleave

29.Myorderisthateveryonetheirownworkintime.

A.mustcompleteB.completedC.completesD.complete

30.We'vemadethedecisionthatweattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.

A.willgatherB.areabouttogather

C.wouldgatherD.shouldgather

31.——Filbewaitingforyouathome.

——Iwerebusyandcouldn'tcome?

A.WhatifB.WhatwhenC.HowifD.Howwhen

32.Afterhewaspraisedforwhathehaddone,hesaid,"Ievenbetterunderharderconditions.

A.woulddoB.wouldhavedoneC.didD.haddone

33.Ithasbeenrainingforaday,buteventhoughit,wetherebytomorrow.

A.hadn'trained,couldn'tgetB.hadn'trained,can'tget

C.didn'train,couldn^getD.didn*train,can*tget

34.Wecouldnothavesucceededyourhelp.

A.butforB.without

C.ifithadnotbeenforD.alltheabove

35.Idaresayheisnotyourtruefriend,becauseatruefrienddifferentlywhenyouwerein

trouble.

A.actedB.hadactedC.wouldactD.wouldhaveacted

專項(xiàng)練習(xí)3

1.EverythingifAlberthadn'tcalledthefirebrigade.

A.willbedestroyedB.willhavebeendestroyed

B.wouldbedestroyedD.wouldhavebeendestroyed

2.Ifyouhadn'tgonewithTomtothepartylastnight,.

A.youwouldmeetJohnalreadyB.youwon'thavemissedJohn

C.youwillhavemetJohnD.youwouldhavemetJohn

3.Supposingthisship,doyouthinktherewouldbeenoughlifejacketsforallthepassengers?

A.wassinkingB.hassunkC.weretosinkD.sunk

4.Theinsectswoulddevourallourcropsandkillourflocksandheads,iffortheprotectionwe

getfrominsect-eatinganimals.

A.itisnotB.itwerenotC.wereitnotD.theywerenot

5.Theteachersuggestedthateachstudentaplanforthevacation.

A.madeB.makeC.makesD.willmake

6.Frankly,Tdratheryouanythingaboutitforthetimebeing.

A.doB.don'tdoC.didn'tdoD.willnotdo

7.Afterthewayshetreatedyou,ifIinyourplace.

A.beB.amC.wasD.were

8.Theideaisthatthenationanunmannedspacecrafttoexploretheplanetfirst.

A.sentB.sendsC.sendD.mustsend

9.Ifshightimeyou.

A.starttoworkB.wouldstarttoworkC.startedtoworkD.hadstartedtowork

10.“IfIhadn'tpracticedwhenIwasyounger,9,themusiciansays,"Iabletoplaysowellnow.”

A.wouldn'tbeB.won'tbeC.wouldn'thavebeenD.couldn'thavebeen

11.Itisimperativethatyouthereinperson.

A.areB.wereC.beD.willbe

12.Theatomicstructureis,,aminiaturesolarsystem.

A.asitwereB.asiftheywereC.asitwereD.asifare

13.Werequiredthatthemachinepartscastiron.

A.ismadeofB.bemadefromC.bemadeofD.ismadeby

14.Themanagementurgedthatthecostofproduction.

A.tobefurtherreducedB.wasfurtherreduced

B.befurtherreducedD.shouldfurtherreduced

15.Thebusinessisrisky.Butwewouldberich.

A.shouldwesucceedB.weshouldsucceed

C.mightwesucceedD.wouldwesucceed

16.1wishourteachertogiveanothertest.Ihaven'tgotpreparedyet.

A.isn'tgoingB.weren'tgoingC.willnotgoingD.couldhavegone

17.1wishItothemovieswithyoulastnight.

A.wentB.didgoC.couldgoD.couldhavegone

18.Tdjustassoonnidelytoher.

A.thatyouwon'tspeakB.yournotspeaking

C.younotspeakD.youdidn'tspeak

19.IfIinthetwenty-firstcentury,Imyvacationinaverydifferentway.

A.shouldlive...wouldspendB.willlive....shouldspend

C.areliving...shouldhavespentD.willbeliving...wouldhavespent

20.Itisrequiredthatthemachineasfrequentlyasnecessary.

A.beoiledB.mustbeoiledC.isoiledD.willoil

21.HisEnglishteacherrecommendsthathearegulardegreeprogram.

A.beginsB.beginC.willbeginD.isbeginning

22.Wepreferthattheplanbeforebeingputintoexecution.

A.isfullydiscussedB.mustbefullydiscussed

C.befullydiscussedD.willbefullydiscussed

23.Whatdoyouthinkofhisproposalthatimprovementsintheoldtypeofvacuumcleaner?

A.bemadeB.willbemadeC.wouldbemadeD.willhavetobemade

24.Thedoctor\adviceisthatthepatientabouthisrealphysicalcondition.

A.benottoldB.notbetoldC.willnotbetoldD.mustnotbetold

25.,wecouldnothavefinishedtheworkontime.

A.IftheydonothelpusB.Wasitnotfortheirhelp

C.Shouldtheyoffert