2025版高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)10年高考真題分類題組專題十三閱讀補(bǔ)全七選五

專題十三閱讀補(bǔ)全(七選五)Passage1(2024北京)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Musichaslongbeenconsideredtobeanenjoyablepastimeformanypeople.1Thementalhealthbenefitsfrommusiccantbeargued.Musiccouldalsobehelpingyouwithmanyotherhealthproblemsbehindthescenes.

2However,forthesamereason,musiccanbeverybeneficialifoneisinpain.Bydistracting(分心)themindfromthepain,music,peoplesay,canlowerstressandanxietylevels.This,ofcourse,canleadtolesspain.

Manypeopleenjoyrelaxingmusicintheeveningpriortogoingtobed.3Whilethevalidityoftheideaisstillbeingassessed,theloweredstresscanevenbetiedbacktobloodpressure.Similarly,accordingtoresearchers,listeningtojust30minutesofsoftmusiceverydaymayhelpwithhealthybloodsugarlevels,throughtheloweringofstressandanxiety.

Whenitcomestohearthealth,thereisspeculation(推想)thatitsnotthestyleofmusic,butratherthetempothatmakesitsogoodforyourhearthealth.InoneEuropeanstudy,participantslistenedtomusicastheresearchersmonitoredtheirheartratesandbloodpressure.4Ontheotherhand,whenthemusicslowed,theparticipantsstressandanxietylevelsbecamelowerandtheeffectsonheartratesappearedtofollowsuit.

5Butthereisawholerangeofotherhealthissuesthatturninguptheradiocouldbebeneficialfor,whichiswhatmakesmusicsovaluable.

A.Thisfeelingcanalsoresultinmanyotherhealthproblems.B.Someexpertssaythatmusiccanbeharmfulifitistooloud.C.Thisideaisalittleoff-the-wallbutstillhasscientificbacking.D.Theysayitcanplayabigroleincalmingthebrainenoughtosleep.E.Theimplicationsofmusiconoverallwell-beingarereallyimpressive.F.Itisalsohighlypopularduetotheindividualizedeffectsonstressandanxiety.G.Interestingly,themorecheerfulthemusicwas,thefastertheirheartrateswere.答案語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,主題語(yǔ)境為人與社會(huì),主題語(yǔ)境內(nèi)容為音樂(lè)。文章介紹了音樂(lè)對(duì)于健康的好處。1.F解題指導(dǎo)設(shè)題在段中,考查過(guò)渡句。解析空格前說(shuō)“音樂(lè)對(duì)很多人來(lái)說(shuō)是一種消遣消遣的方式”,空格后說(shuō)“Thementalhealthbenefitsfrommusiccantbeargued”(音樂(lè)對(duì)心理健康的好處是毋庸置疑的),可推斷空格處應(yīng)說(shuō)明音樂(lè)對(duì)人精神健康的作用。這與F選項(xiàng)中的“alsohighlypopular”和“theindividualizedeffectsonstressandanxiety”照應(yīng)。故選F項(xiàng)。2.B解題指導(dǎo)設(shè)題在段首,考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)句。解析空格后說(shuō)“However,forthesamereason,musiccanbeverybeneficialifoneisinpain”(然而,出于同樣的緣由,假如一個(gè)人處于苦痛中,音樂(lè)是特別有益的),However表轉(zhuǎn)折,因此空格處為對(duì)音樂(lè)的負(fù)面評(píng)價(jià),這與B選項(xiàng)中“musiccanbeharmfulifitistooloud”呼應(yīng)。故選B項(xiàng)。3.D解題指導(dǎo)設(shè)題在段中,考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)句。解析空格前說(shuō)“Manypeopleenjoyrelaxingmusicintheeveningpriortogoingtobed”(很多人喜愛(ài)在晚上睡覺(jué)前聽(tīng)些輕松的音樂(lè)),這與D選項(xiàng)中“calmingthebrainenoughtosleep”相呼應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)。4.G解題指導(dǎo)設(shè)題在段中,考查過(guò)渡句。解析空格后說(shuō)“Ontheotherhand,whenthemusicslowed,theparticipantsstressandanxietylevelsbecamelowerandtheeffectsonheartratesappearedtofollowsuit”(另一方面,當(dāng)音樂(lè)放緩時(shí),參與者的壓力和焦慮水平就會(huì)降低,對(duì)心率的影響好像也隨之降低),依據(jù)Ontheotherhand可推斷空格處內(nèi)容應(yīng)與歡快的音樂(lè)和心率加快有關(guān),這與G選項(xiàng)中“themorecheerfulthemusicwas,thefastertheirheartrateswere”相照應(yīng)。故選G項(xiàng)。5.E解題指導(dǎo)設(shè)題在段首,考查主旨句。解析空格后說(shuō)“Butthereisawholerangeofotherhealthissuesthatturninguptheradiocouldbebeneficialfor,whichiswhatmakesmusicsovaluable”(但是,開(kāi)著收音機(jī)還可以對(duì)一系列其他的健康問(wèn)題有益,這就是音樂(lè)如此有價(jià)值的緣由),因此本段講的是音樂(lè)對(duì)身體總的好處,這與E選項(xiàng)“音樂(lè)對(duì)整體健康的影響令人印象深刻”相吻合。故選E項(xiàng)。難句分析原句:Whenitcomestohearthealth,thereisspeculationthatitsnotthestyleofmusic,butratherthetempothatmakesitsogoodforyourhearthealth.分析:本句為主從復(fù)合句。句子的主干為:thereisspeculation。When引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)名詞speculation的同位語(yǔ)從句。在同位語(yǔ)從句中運(yùn)用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的主語(yǔ)thetempo。譯文:說(shuō)到心臟健康,人們推想不是音樂(lè)的風(fēng)格,而是節(jié)奏對(duì)你的心臟健康如此有益。Passage2(2024浙江)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Youvegotmail...anditsapostcardPauloMagalhaes,a34-year-oldPortuguesecomputerengineer,lovestoopenhismailboxandfindabrightlycoloredpictureofRomesColosseum.OrAfricasVictoriaFalls.OrChinasGreatWall.1

“Ioftensendpostcardstofamilyandfriends,”hesaystoChinaDaily,“butyoucanimaginethatafterawhile,youneverreceiveasmanyasyousend,andyourealizethatnoteveryoneisintoit.2”Seekingotherlike-mindedsouls,however,Paulostartedlookinginasomewhatunlikelyplace:online.ManywouldsaytheInternetisaplaceforpeoplewhohavegivenuponthetraditionalpostalservice,butPauloshunch(直覺(jué))paidoff.

Todayhishobbyhasdevelopedintothewebsitepostcrossing.com,asocialnetworkthathasgrownto575,217registeredusersin214countriesandregionssincehestartedit10yearsago.3Runningthewebsitehasalmostturnedintoafull-timejob.

Languageiscertainlyabarrierformanypeople.Forpostcrossingtoworkworldwide,acommoncommunicationlanguageisneededsothateveryonecanunderstandeachother.AscoolasitmaybetoreceiveapostcardwritteninChinese,theconceptdoesntworkifonedoesntunderstandit.4SoacommonlanguageisrequiredandinpostcrossingthatsEnglishsinceitswidelyspoken.

“ManypeopleinChinahavelimitedexposuretoEnglish.5Thatsaid,weknowofmanypostcrossingmembers,includingChinese,whohaveactuallyimprovedtheirEnglishskillsthroughtheiruseofpostcrossing,”Paulosays.

A.Andthatstotallyfine.B.Thatmakesitextrahardtolearnandpracticeit.C.Helikestothinkofsendingpostcardsasafamily-friendlyhobby.D.Manylovetomakeaconnectionwithsomeonefromacrosstheworld.E.OnAugust5,thenumberofpostcardsexchangedbymemberstopped31million.F.Similarly,ifyouspeakonlyChinese,receivingacardinSwedishtakespartofthefunaway.G.Inshort,helovespostcards,andtheexcitementofgettingahand-writtennotefromsomeonefaraway.答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文為記敘文,主題語(yǔ)境是人與社會(huì),主題語(yǔ)境內(nèi)容是良好的人際關(guān)系與社會(huì)交往。主子公保羅開(kāi)發(fā)網(wǎng)站讓世界各地的人們可以交換明信片。1.G解題指導(dǎo)主旨句。設(shè)空處位于段尾,通過(guò)代詞指代縮小選項(xiàng)范圍,通過(guò)相同信息在文中與選項(xiàng)中呼應(yīng)鎖定答案。解析第一段主要介紹主子公保羅,所以設(shè)空處重點(diǎn)關(guān)注C項(xiàng)和G項(xiàng),這兩項(xiàng)中的代詞he指代保羅。第一句中的lovestoopenhismailboxandfindabrightlycoloredpictureof...與G項(xiàng)中的theexcitementofgettingahand-writtennotefromsomeonefaraway對(duì)應(yīng),說(shuō)明保羅喜愛(ài)收到不同的明信片。2.A解題指導(dǎo)過(guò)渡句。設(shè)空處位于段中,關(guān)注前后句所傳遞出的不同含義,理解主子公的情感。解析設(shè)空處前提出不是全部人都和保羅一樣有這個(gè)愛(ài)好,后句提到他通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)找其他志同道合的人,說(shuō)明保羅對(duì)“不是全部人都和他有同樣的愛(ài)好”這件事是能接受的(thatstotallyfine),而接受后要做的事情就是通過(guò)其他渠道找有相同愛(ài)好的人,設(shè)空處在情感上起到了過(guò)渡的作用。3.E解題指導(dǎo)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)句。設(shè)空處位于段中,關(guān)注段落主旨并通過(guò)數(shù)字信息鎖定答案。解析本段主要呈現(xiàn)了與保羅愛(ài)好一樣的人越來(lái)越多,主要通過(guò)詳細(xì)數(shù)字來(lái)說(shuō)明,設(shè)空處前有數(shù)字信息的體現(xiàn),E項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的數(shù)字信息也與本段主旨對(duì)應(yīng)。4.F解題指導(dǎo)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)句。設(shè)空處位于段中,通過(guò)段落主旨和關(guān)鍵詞復(fù)現(xiàn)鎖定答案。解析本段的關(guān)鍵詞是language,說(shuō)明本段的主旨圍繞語(yǔ)言綻開(kāi),設(shè)空處前出現(xiàn)Chinese,與F項(xiàng)中的Chinese對(duì)應(yīng),復(fù)查后發(fā)覺(jué)除了F項(xiàng)與language有關(guān)外,其他選項(xiàng)均不對(duì)應(yīng)。5.B解題指導(dǎo)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)句。關(guān)注代詞。解析設(shè)空處前提到很多中國(guó)人接觸英語(yǔ)不多,設(shè)空處后則告知大家,很多人通過(guò)在互換明信片時(shí)運(yùn)用英語(yǔ),提高了英語(yǔ)水平,希望讓大家知道這是一個(gè)讓自己更多地接觸英語(yǔ)、練習(xí)英語(yǔ)的機(jī)會(huì)。B項(xiàng)中的That指代的就是“很多中國(guó)人接觸英語(yǔ)不多”這個(gè)狀況,B項(xiàng)中practice后的it指代的是English。Passage3(2017課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅲ)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.Infact,thekeytoeasymorningwake-upliesinresettingyourbodyclock.1Hereshowtomakeone.

●2Inordertomakeachange,youneedtodecidewhyitsimportant.Doyouwanttogetupintimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,getinsomeexercise,orjustbebetterpreparedforyourday?Onceyouareclearaboutyourreasons,tellyourfamilyorroommatesaboutthechangeyouwanttomake.

●Rethinkmornings.Nowthatyouknowwhyyouwanttowakeup,considerre-arrangingyourmorningactivities.Ifyouwanttimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,savesometimethenightbeforebysettingoutclothes,shoes,andbags.3Thatsaquarter-hourmoreyoucouldbesleepingifyouboughtacoffeemakerwithatimer.

●Keepyoursleep/wakescheduleonweekends.IfyouretiredoutbyFridaynight,sleepinginonSaturdaycouldsoundwonderful.Butcompensatingontheweekendsactuallyfeedsintoyoursleepinessthefollowingweek,arecentstudyfound.4

●Keeparecordandevaluateitweekly.Keeptrackofyoureffortsandwritedownhowyoufeel.Afteryouvetriedanewmethodforaweek,takealookatyourrecord.5Ifnot,takeanotherlookatothermethodsyoucouldtry.

A.Getasleepspecialist.B.Findtherightmotivation.C.Abetterplanforsleepcanhelp.D.Andconsidersettingasecondalarm.E.Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.F.Sticktoyoursetbedtimeandwake-uptime,nomattertheday.G.Reconsiderthe15minutesyouspendinlineatthecafetogetcoffee.答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]這是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了制訂支配從而可以輕松起床的一些訣竅。短文分為五段:第一段提出很多人感到起床比較困難,指出良好的支配有助于這一問(wèn)題的解決,引出下文內(nèi)容;其次段講起床的訣竅之一是找到合適動(dòng)機(jī);第三段指出要重新考慮早晨的支配;第四段講周末應(yīng)當(dāng)保持一貫的作息時(shí)間;第五段講作記錄并每周進(jìn)行評(píng)估。1.C過(guò)渡句。本題前面的內(nèi)容說(shuō)很多人感到早上起床困難,將之歸咎于鬧鐘,事實(shí)上輕松早起的關(guān)鍵在于重新設(shè)定你的生物鐘。后面說(shuō)如何制訂一個(gè)(支配)。由此可以推斷,C項(xiàng)Abetterplanforsleepcanhelp.符合題意。2.B主旨句。本題位于其次段段首。后面說(shuō),為了變更,你須要確定它為什么重要。剛好起床是為了與家人一起吃早飯?熬煉身體?還是做好一天的支配?一旦明確了緣由,就告知家人或室友你想要作出的變更。由此可知,本段的關(guān)鍵詞是早起的緣由或動(dòng)機(jī)。B項(xiàng)Findtherightmotivation.是對(duì)本段內(nèi)容最好的概括。3.G細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)句。本題位于第三段中。后一句說(shuō)假如你買一臺(tái)帶定時(shí)器的咖啡機(jī),你就會(huì)多出一刻鐘的睡覺(jué)時(shí)間。G項(xiàng)意為“重新考慮你在咖啡館排隊(duì)買咖啡時(shí)所花的15分鐘時(shí)間?！?與后一句完全契合。4.F細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)句。本題所在段落講的是周末應(yīng)當(dāng)保持一貫的作息時(shí)間。F項(xiàng)意為“無(wú)論哪一天,都堅(jiān)持固定的睡覺(jué)和醒來(lái)時(shí)間?！?符合語(yǔ)境。故正確選項(xiàng)為F。5.E過(guò)渡句。本題在段落中間。前一句說(shuō)新方法試用一周之后,要看一看你的記錄。后一句說(shuō)假如不行,再看一看你可以嘗試的別的方法。由此可以推斷,E項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。Passage4(2016課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。AgardenthatsjustrightforyouHaveyouevervisitedagardenthatseemedjustrightforyou,wheretheatmosphereofthegardenappearedtototalmorethanthesum(總和)ofitsparts?1.Butitdoesnthappenbyaccident.Itstartswithlookinginsideyourselfandunderstandingwhoyouarewithrespecttothenaturalworldandhowyouapproachthegardeningprocess.

●2

Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers(肥料).3.However,thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears.

●Recall(回憶)yourchildhoodmemoriesOurmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.GrandmasrosegardenandDadsvegetablegardenmightbegoodorbad,butthatsnotwhatsimportant.4—howbeinginthosegardensmadeusfeel.Ifyoudliketobuildapowerfulbondwithyourgarden,startbytakingsometimetorecallthegardensofyouryouth.5.Thengooutsideandworkoutaplantotranslateyourchildhoodmemoriesintoyourgrown-upgarden.Havefun.

A.KnowwhyyougardenB.FindagoodplaceforyourowngardenC.ItsourexperienceofthegardenthatmattersD.ItsdelightfultoseesomanybeautifulflowersE.StillothersmaysimplyenjoybeingoutdoorsandclosetoplantsF.Youcanproducethatkindofmagicalqualityinyourowngarden,tooG.Foreachofthosegardens,writedownthestrongestmemoryyouhave答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了如何種植和經(jīng)營(yíng)好自己的花園和菜園。1.F過(guò)渡句。上句提到了氛圍,F項(xiàng)中thatkindofmagicalquality指代上句中的內(nèi)容,故選F項(xiàng)。2.A主旨句。本段列舉了一些人的觀點(diǎn)之后,提到otherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden,由此可以推斷出本段的主旨就是:你要知道自己為什么要種植花木。3.E細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)句。依據(jù)本段中的Somepeoplemaythinkthat...Othersareconcernedabout...可推斷出此處應(yīng)當(dāng)是:Stillothersmay...。4.C過(guò)渡句。上句提到:但是那并不重要。本句應(yīng)為:重要的是我們自己種植花木的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。matters=isimportant,故選C項(xiàng)。5.G過(guò)渡句。上句提到:通過(guò)花費(fèi)時(shí)間回想你青年時(shí)期的園子起先吧。本句應(yīng)為:為記憶中的每一個(gè)園子,寫下你最深刻的記憶。引出下文:然后走出去,制訂一個(gè)支配把你小時(shí)候的記憶轉(zhuǎn)化為你成年后的園子。Passage5(2016課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅰ)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Secretcodes(密碼)keepmessagesprivate.Banks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.1Codebreakingneverlags(落后)farbehindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.

Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.2Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”

3Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample.Let’snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”wouldread“135520135.”

Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.4Forexample,“bridge”mightstandfor“meet”and“out”mightstandfor“me”.Themessage“Bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme.”5However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.

A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.B.Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C.Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.E.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.G.Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了密碼的用途、歷史以及三種密碼方式。1.D過(guò)渡句。上句提到:人們運(yùn)用密碼已經(jīng)幾千年了。下句提到:密碼的破解從未太落后于密碼的設(shè)定。由此可知D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,意為“只要有密碼,人們就會(huì)盡力去破解它們。”2.E過(guò)渡句。上句提到:有三種主要的密碼設(shè)定方式。下句提到:例如,“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”的首字母就拼出了“Meetme”這一隱藏起來(lái)的信息。由此可知本句應(yīng)當(dāng)為一種密碼的設(shè)定方式,依據(jù)下句舉到的例子可知E項(xiàng)正確,意為“你可以用每個(gè)單詞的首字母拼法出一條信息,以此來(lái)隱藏它。”3.G主旨句。上段指出有三種主要的密碼設(shè)定方式,并且已經(jīng)提到了一種,本段應(yīng)當(dāng)指出另外一種。下文舉例說(shuō)明白用數(shù)字來(lái)代替字母的密碼方式,由此可知G項(xiàng)能起到統(tǒng)領(lǐng)本段的作用,意為“另外一種隱藏信息的方式就是用符號(hào)來(lái)代替字母表中特定的字母?！?.F細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)句。上句指出:要解讀某個(gè)真實(shí)密碼的信息,你必須要有密碼本。本句是對(duì)上句的說(shuō)明說(shuō)明,結(jié)合下文舉到的例子,可推斷出本句主要說(shuō)明如何利用密碼原來(lái)破解隱藏起來(lái)的信息。F項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,意為“擁有了密碼本,你或許就能寫出代表其他單詞的單詞?！?.A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)句。上文指出了利用密碼原來(lái)破解密碼的方式。A項(xiàng)是總結(jié)上文內(nèi)容得出的結(jié)論,意為“沒(méi)有密碼本就很難破解密碼”,而且依據(jù)下句“...itisalsohardto...”的句型結(jié)構(gòu)也可得知A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。高級(jí)詞塊1.codebreaking密碼破譯2.cryptography/kr?p?t?r?fi/n.密碼學(xué)3.substitute...for...用……代替……Passage6(2016課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅲ)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Everyoneknowsthatfishisgoodforhealth.1Butitseemsthatmanypeopledontcookfishathome.Americanseatonlyaboutfifteenpoundsoffishperpersonperyear,butweeattwiceasmuchfishinrestaurantsasathome.Buying,storing,andcookingfishisntdifficult.2Thistextisabouthowtobuyandcookfishinaneasyway.

3Freshfishshouldsmellsweet:youshouldfeelthatyourestandingattheoceansedge.Anyfishyorstrongsmellmeansthefishisntfresh.4Whenyouhaveboughtafishandarrivehome,youdbetterstorethefishintherefrigeratorifyoudontcookitimmediately,butfreshfishshouldbestoredinyourfridgeforonlyadayortwo.Frozenfishisntastastyasthefreshone.

Therearemanycommonmethodsusedtocookfish.5First,cleanitandseasonitwithyourchoiceofspices(調(diào)料).Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampotfor8to10minutesifitweighsaboutonepound.(Alargeronewilltakemoretime.)Then,itsreadytoserve.

A.Donotbuyit.B.Theeasiestistosteamit.C.Thisishowyoucandoit.D.Itjustrequiresalittleknowledge.E.Thefishwillgobadwithinhours.F.Whenbuyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.G.Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文為說(shuō)明文,介紹了買魚和烹飪魚的小竅門。1.G細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)句。上句提到吃魚對(duì)人的健康有益,本句是對(duì)上句的說(shuō)明說(shuō)明,G項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,意為“人們認(rèn)為魚的脂肪有助于預(yù)防心臟病。”2.D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)句。上句指出:購(gòu)買、儲(chǔ)存和烹飪魚并不是難事。本句承接上句,D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境,意為“它只須要一點(diǎn)兒學(xué)問(wèn)”。3.F主旨句。下文指出了簇新的魚和不簇新的魚都有什么氣味,由此可推斷F項(xiàng)為主題句,意為“買魚時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)先聞聞味道”。4.A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)句。上句指出有腥味或者味兒很大的魚不簇新,本句承接上句,指出不要購(gòu)買這樣的魚,故A項(xiàng)正確。5.B過(guò)渡句。上文指出做魚的方法有很多種,依據(jù)下文出現(xiàn)的steam可知此處講解并描述了清蒸的方法,故B項(xiàng)正確,意為“最簡(jiǎn)潔的方法就是清蒸”。Passage7(2015課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅰ)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。BuildingTrustinaRelationshipAgainTrustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences.1Trustisarisk.Butyoucantbesuccessfulwhentheresalackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.

Unfortunately,weveallbeenvictimsofbetrayal.Whetherwevebeenstolenfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtrust.Sometimespeoplesimplycanttrustanymore.2Itsunderstandable,butifyourewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyouthere.

●3Havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.

●4Ifyouvebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.Buttheresadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha“victimmentality”.Atsomepointinallofourlives,wellhaveourtrusttestedorviolated.

●Youdidntlose“everything”.Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.5Instead,itsahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.

A.Learntoreallytrustyourself.B.Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.C.Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.D.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.E.Theyvebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycantbeartoletithappenagain.F.Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.G.Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesntmeanyoureignoringwhathappened.答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]人和人之間須要相互信任,贏得別人的信任并不是一件簡(jiǎn)潔的事。我們也曾在某個(gè)特定的關(guān)系群中失去了對(duì)別人的信任,成了背叛的受害者。如何重新在這個(gè)關(guān)系群中建立起那份信任呢?本文給出了幾條建議。1.B第一段闡述了什么是“信任”。空格前說(shuō)Trustisalearnedbehavior...,空格后說(shuō)Trustisarisk.由此推斷出選B項(xiàng)。2.E空格前列舉了遭受背叛的幾種狀況:被偷、被撒謊、被誤導(dǎo)、被欺瞞,這些事情的發(fā)生使人們受到了深深的損害,他們不能容忍它再次發(fā)生。故選E項(xiàng)。3.A依據(jù)后面句子中的Havingconfidenceinyourself可知此處作者建議:學(xué)會(huì)真正信任你自己。故選A項(xiàng)。4.C依據(jù)后面句子中的youarethevictim和beingavictim以及a“victimmentality”可知此處作者的建議是:不要再把自己當(dāng)成一個(gè)受害者。故選C項(xiàng)。5.G空格前作者建議:不要從無(wú)望的角度看局面,而要感謝你生活中全部的好的方面?？崭窈笞髡哒f(shuō):這是一種健康的方式……。由此推斷出此處答案為G項(xiàng):看到事情主動(dòng)的方面并不意味著你在忽視已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情。Passage8(2015課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Trainingforamarathonrequirescarefulpreparationandsteady,gradualincreasesinthelengthoftheruns.1,buythebest-fitting,best-builtrunningshoesyoucanfind.Noonecansaywhichbrandwillworkbestforyouorfeelbestonyourfeet,soyouhavetorelyonyourexperienceandonthefeelofeachpairasyoushop.Whenyouhavefoundshoesthatseemright,walkinthemforafewdaystodouble-checkthefit.2.Asalways,youshouldstretch(伸展)atleasttenminutesbeforeeachruntopreventinjuries.

Duringthefirstweek,donotthinkaboutdistance,butrunfiveminuteslongereachday.3,itiswisetotakeadayofftorest.Butduringthenextweek,setagoalofatleastamileandahalfperrun.4.Aftertwoweeks,starttimingyourself.5.Dependingonthekindofraceyouplantoenter,youcansetupatimetablefortheremainingweeksbeforetherace.

A.AftersixdaysB.ForagoodmarathonrunnerC.BeforeyoubeginyourtrainingD.Witheachday,increasethedistancebyahalfmileE.Iftheystillfeelgood,youcanbeginrunninginthemF.TimespentforpreparationraisesthequalityoftrainingG.Nowyouarereadytofigureoutagoalofimprovingdistanceandtime答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文介紹了馬拉松訓(xùn)練須要仔細(xì)的打算和穩(wěn)定、漸進(jìn)的過(guò)程。1.C依據(jù)其次段中的Duringthefirstweek可知這里是指訓(xùn)練前的打算工作,故選C。2.E設(shè)空處與其前一句是順承關(guān)系,故選E。3.A依據(jù)上文Duringthefirstweek和下文takeadayofftorest可知,一周七天里訓(xùn)練六天后休息一天是明智的,故選A。4.D依據(jù)本段第一句中的Duringthefirstweek,donotthinkaboutdistance和其次個(gè)But可知,這里要考慮距離的問(wèn)題了,故選D。5.G設(shè)空處對(duì)上文進(jìn)行總結(jié),依據(jù)下文的timetable和設(shè)空處前兩句話可知,這里是增加距離和設(shè)定時(shí)間的目標(biāo)。故選G。Passage9(2015北京)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ThisWaytoDreamlandDaydreamingmeanspeoplethinkaboutsomethingpleasant,especiallywhenthismakesthemforgetwhattheyshouldbedoing.Daydreamershaveabadreputationforbeingunawareofwhatshappeningaroundthem.Theycanseemforgetfulandclumsy.1Theyannoyusbecausetheyseemtobeignoringusandmissingtheimportantthings.

Butdaydreamersarealsoresponsibleforsomeofthegreatestideasandachievementsinhumanhistory.2Canyouimaginewhatkindofworldwewouldhavewithoutsuchideasandinventions?

Sohowcanyoucomeupwithbrilliantdaydreamsandavoidfallingovertreerootsorotherwiselookinglikeafool?First,understandthatsomeopportunities(機(jī)會(huì))fordaydreamingarebetterthanothers.Feelingsafeandrelaxedwillhelpyoutoslipintodaydreams.3Andifyouwanttoimproveyourchancesofhavingacreativeideawhileyouredaydreaming,trytodoitwhileyouareinvolvedinanothertask—preferablysomethingsimple,liketakingashowerorwalking,orevenmakingmeaninglessdrawings.

Itsalsoimportanttoknowhowtoavoiddaydreamsforthosetimeswhenyoureallyneedtoconcentrate.“Mindfulness”,beingfocused,isatoolthatsomepeopleusetoavoidfallingasleep.4

Finally,youneverknowwhatwonderfulideamightstrikewhileyourmindhasmovedslowlyaway.5

Alwaysrememberthatyourbestideasmightcomewhenyourheadisactuallyintheclouds.A.Havinginterestingthingstothinkaboutalsohelps.B.Theystareoffintospaceandwanderbythemselves.C.Withoutwanderingminds,wewouldnthaverelativity,CokeorPost-itnotes.D.Atonetime,daydreamingwasthoughttobeacauseofsomementalillnesses.E.Itinvolvesslow,steadybreathingforself-controlthathelpspeoplestaycalmandattentive.F.Daydreamsareoftenverysimpleanddirect,quiteunlikesleepdreams,whichmaybehardtounderstand.G.Therefore,itsagoodideatokeepanotebookorvoicerecordernearbywhenyoureinthedaydreamzone.答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]文章介紹了做白日夢(mèng)的人有時(shí)健忘、笨拙,但是宏大的思想和成就是和白日夢(mèng)分不開(kāi)的。1.B由前句和后句可知該句在描述做白日夢(mèng)的人的狀況。故選B項(xiàng)。2.C由前句的表述可知在人類歷史上一些宏大的想法和輝煌的成就是由那些愛(ài)做白日夢(mèng)的人帶來(lái)的。C項(xiàng)中的relativity(相對(duì)論),Coke和Post-itnotes是列舉的一些宏大想法和成就,故C項(xiàng)符合此處語(yǔ)境。3.A由前文可知本段在講解并描述如何做奇妙的白日夢(mèng),故選A項(xiàng)。4.E第五段敘述了在人們須要集中留意力時(shí),如何避開(kāi)做白日夢(mèng)。由E項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞attentive(專注的)可知選E項(xiàng)。5.G文章第六段第一句與G項(xiàng)為因果關(guān)系。Passage10(2014課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅰ)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Thejobsofthefuturehavenotyetbeeninvented.1Byhelpingthemdevelopclassicskillsthatwillservethemwellnomatterwhatthefutureholds.

1.CuriosityYourchildrenneedtobedeeplycurious.2Askkids,“Whatingredients(配料)canweaddtomakethesepancakesevenbetternexttime?”andthentrythemout.Didthoseingredientsmakethepancakesbetter?Whatcouldwetrynexttime?

2.CreativityTruecreativityistheabilitytotakesomethingexistingandcreatesomethingnewfromit.3Thereareadozendifferentthingsyoucandowiththem.Experimentingwithmaterialstocreatesomethingnewcangoalongwayinhelpingthemdeveloptheircreativity.

3.InterpersonalSkillsUnderstandinghowothersfeelcanbeachallengeforkids.Weknowwhatsgoingoninsideourownhead,butwhataboutothers?Beingabletoreadpeoplehelpskidsfrommisreadingasituationandjumpingtofalseconclusions.4“Whydoyouthinkshescrying?”“Canyoutellhowthatmanisfeelingbylookingathisface?”“Ifsomeoneweretodothattoyou,howwouldyoufeel?”

4.SelfExpression5Therearemanywaystoexpressthoughtsandideas—music,acting,drawing,building,photography.Youmayfindthatyourchildisattractedbyonemorethananother.

A.Encouragekidstocookwithyou.B.Andwecantforgetscienceeducation.C.Wecangivekidschancestothinkaboutmaterialsinnewways.D.Sohowcanwehelpourkidsprepareforjobsthatdontyetexist?E.Gardeningisanothergreatactivityforhelpingkidsdevelopthisskill.F.Wecandothisinreallifeoraskquestionsaboutcharactersinstories.G.Beingabletocommunicateideasinameaningfulwayisavaluableskill.答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文為說(shuō)明文,主要講解并描述了如何培育孩子們最優(yōu)秀的技能以滿意將來(lái)新出現(xiàn)的職業(yè)須要。1.D依據(jù)空格后面的Byhelping...可知該空應(yīng)當(dāng)是針對(duì)方式的提問(wèn),故選D項(xiàng)。2.A由下文可知A項(xiàng)內(nèi)容符合此處語(yǔ)境。3.C由上下文語(yǔ)境中的“new”“different”及“materials”可知答案。4.F空格后是三個(gè)連續(xù)的問(wèn)題,F項(xiàng)中的“askquestions”與之照應(yīng)。5.G空格后面一句話中的expressthoughtsandideas與G項(xiàng)中的communicateideas照應(yīng)。Passage11(2014課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TipsforCookingonaTightScheduleFrommyexperience,therearethreemainreasonswhypeopledontcookmoreoften:ability,money,andtime.1MoneyisatopicIllsaveforanotherday.SotodayIwanttogiveyousomewisdomabouthowtomakethemostofthetimeyouspendinthekitchen.Herearethreetipsforgreatcookingonatightschedule:

1.Thinkahead.ThemomentswhenIthinkcookingisapainarewhenImalreadyhungryandtheresnothingreadytoeat.Sothinkaheadofthecomingweek.Whenwillyouhavetimetocook?Doyouhavetherightmaterialsalready?2

2.Makeyourtimeworthit.Whenyoudofindtimetocookameal,makethemostofitandsaveyourselftimelateron.Areyoumakingoneloafofbread?3Ittakesaroundthesameamountoftimetomakemoreofsomething.Sosaveyourselftheeffortforafuturemeal.

3.4Thismaysurpriseyou,butoneofthebesttoolsformakingcookingworthyourtimeisexperimentation.Itgivesyouthechancetohituponnewideasandrecipesthatcanworkwellwithyourappetiteandschedule.Themoreyoulearnandthemoreyoutry,themoreabilityyouhavetotakecontrolofyourfoodandyourschedule.

Hopefullythatgivesyouagoodstart.5Anddontletabusyschedulediscourageyoufrommakingsomegreatchangesinthewayyoueatandlive!

A.Trynewthings.B.Abilityiseasilyimproved.C.Makethreeorfourinstead.D.Understandyourfoodbetter.E.Cookingisaburdenformanypeople.F.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.G.Alittletimeplanningaheadcansavealotofworklateron.答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文為說(shuō)明文,題材是介紹說(shuō)明類。驚慌的生活節(jié)奏并不阻礙你為自己或家人做上一頓可口的飯菜,看看作者為我們供應(yīng)的建議吧。1.B上文提到三個(gè)不常做飯的理由:實(shí)力、錢和時(shí)間。下文提到錢是下一個(gè)話題,這里主要談?wù)撊绾卫没ㄙM(fèi)在烹飪上的時(shí)間,故答案選B(實(shí)力是簡(jiǎn)潔改進(jìn)的)。2.G該段建議提前做出烹飪支配,故答案選G(提前一點(diǎn)制訂支配會(huì)省去很多后面的工作)。3.C依據(jù)下文“花費(fèi)幾乎相同的時(shí)間來(lái)制作更多食物”可推斷出,這里指把制作一條面包改為制作三到四條面包。4.A依據(jù)下文Itgivesyouthechancetohituponnewideasandrecipes...可推斷出,本空應(yīng)選A(嘗試新事物)。5.F依據(jù)下文“不要讓繁忙的日程阻礙你在飲食和生活方式上做出美妙的變更”可推斷出,答案選F(讓烹飪和生活僅僅是歡樂(lè)而非負(fù)擔(dān))。Passage12(2014北京)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。EvaluatingSources(來(lái)源)ofHealthInformationMakinggoodchoicesaboutyourownhealthrequiresreasonableevaluation.Akeyfirststepinbetteringyourevaluationabilityistolookcarefullyatyoursourcesofhealthinformation.Reasonableevaluationincludesknowingwhereandhowtofindrelevantinformation,howtoseparatefactfromopinion,howtorecognizepoorreasoning,andhowtoanalyzeinformationandthereliabilityofsources.1

Gototheoriginalsource.Mediareportsoftensimplifytheresultsofmedicalresearch.Findoutforyourselfwhatastudyreallyreported,anddeterminewhetheritwasbasedongoodscience.Thinkaboutthetypeofstudy.2

Watchformisleadinglanguage.Somestudieswillfindthatabehavior“contributesto”oris“associatedwith”anoutcome;thisdoesnotmeanthatacertaincoursemustleadtoacertainresult.3Carefullyreadorlistentoinformationinordertofullyunderstandit.

Useyourcommonsense.Ifareportseemstoogoodtobetrue,probablyitis.Beespeciallycarefulofinformationcontainedinadvertisements.4Evaluate“scientific”statementscarefully,andbeawareofquackery(江湖騙術(shù)).

5Friendsandfamilymemberscanbeagreatsourceofideasandinspiration,buteachofusneedstofindahealthylifestylethatworksforus.

Developingtheabilitytoevaluatereasonablyandindependentlyabouthealthproblemswillserveyouwellthroughoutyourlife.A.Makechoicesthatarerightforyou.B.Thegoalofanadistosellyousomething.C.Besuretoworkthroughthecriticalquestions.D.Andexaminethefindingsoftheoriginalresearch.E.Distinguishbetweenresearchreportsandpublichealthadvice.F.Beawarethatinformationmayalsobeincorrectlyexplainedbyanauthor