新疆喀什市2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末統(tǒng)考模擬題英語(yǔ)試題（含答案解析）

喀什市2022-2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末模擬考試高二年級(jí)英語(yǔ)（考試時(shí)間：90分鐘滿分：150分）I．單選題（本大題共15小題，共45分）1.AverybigearthstruckTangshan______July28,1976.A.at B.in C.for D.on【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查介詞。句意：1976年7月28日，唐山發(fā)生特大地震。A.at后接具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)；B.in后接年、月；C.for后接一段時(shí)間；D.on后接具體到某一日的時(shí)間。分析句子可知，句中表示具體到某一日的時(shí)間，故應(yīng)用介詞on。故選D。2.Asthesayinggoes,actionsspeak______thanwords.A.loud B.louder C.loudest D.theloudest【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：俗話說(shuō)，事實(shí)勝于雄辯。根據(jù)空后的“than”可知，此處是在actions“事實(shí)”和words“雄辯”之間做比較，應(yīng)用loud“響亮地，大聲地”的比較級(jí)形式louder，表示“事實(shí)勝于雄辯”。故選B。3.Davidisverynoisy______Katyisratherquiet.A.while B.since C.so D.or【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：大衛(wèi)非常吵鬧而凱蒂相當(dāng)安靜。A.while然而；B.since因?yàn)椋籆.so所以；D.or或者。此處表示前后兩種情況之間的對(duì)比，所以用while“然而”。故選A。4.______iswell-knownthatChinesehasthelargestnumberofnativespeakers.A.This B.What C.It D.That【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查形式主語(yǔ)it。句意：眾所周知，以漢語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人數(shù)最多。that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句由于太長(zhǎng)放置句末，所以用it作形式主語(yǔ)，代指that從句。故選C項(xiàng)。5.______moreinformationaboutouruniversity,pleasevisitourwebsite.A.Got B.Getting C.Get D.Toget【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：要獲得更多關(guān)于我們大學(xué)的信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)L問(wèn)我們的網(wǎng)站。分析句子可知，本句已經(jīng)存在謂語(yǔ)visit，所以get需要轉(zhuǎn)化為非謂語(yǔ)。再根據(jù)句意，可判斷“獲得更多信息”是表示目的，所以應(yīng)該使用todo作目的狀語(yǔ)，故選D項(xiàng)。6.SummerdaysarelonginNorway,______thesundoesn’tsetuntilverylateintheevening.A.where B.whom C.why D.which【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：在挪威，夏天的白天很長(zhǎng)，太陽(yáng)要到很晚才下山。此處是非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是，指物，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故選A。7.WuYue_______theTVandbegantowatchthenewsprogrammeonCCTV-1.A.turnedout B.turnedon C.turnedin D.turnedover【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：吳越打開(kāi)電視，開(kāi)始看CCTV-1的新聞節(jié)目。A.turnedout結(jié)果是；B.turnedon打開(kāi)；C.turnedin上交；D.turnedover（使）翻轉(zhuǎn)。根據(jù)“begantowatchthenewsprogramme(開(kāi)始看新聞節(jié)目)”可知，此處指“打開(kāi)”電視，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)turnedon。故選B。8.Ihearthatyou_____forCanadanextweek.Haveyougoteverythingready?A.leave B.haveleft C.areleaving D.left【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你下星期要去加拿大。一切都準(zhǔn)備好了嗎?由nextweek可知，句子使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。go，come，leave等表示位置移動(dòng)的詞匯，可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式表示將來(lái)意義。故選C項(xiàng)。9.Maryisquitepatientandhelpful,makingheroneofthemost______teachersamongthestudents.A.active B.popular C.determined D.efficient【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：瑪麗非常有耐心而且樂(lè)于助人，這讓她成為學(xué)生心中最受歡迎的老師之一。A.active積極的；B.popular受喜愛(ài)的；C.determined堅(jiān)定的；D.efficient有效率的。根據(jù)前文“Maryisquitepatientandhelpful”可知，她非常有耐心而且樂(lè)于助人，所以應(yīng)是成為學(xué)生心中最受歡迎的老師之一。故選B項(xiàng)。10.—I’mreallyluckytohavewonthefirstprize.—______A.Congratulations! B.Bestwishes! C.Noproblem. D.Allright.【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：—我真的很幸運(yùn)獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)?！ＹR你!A.Congratulations!恭喜；B.Bestwishes!最好的祝福；C.Noproblem.沒(méi)問(wèn)題；D.Allright.（表示同意）好。根據(jù)前文“I’mreallyluckytohavewonthefirstprize.”可知，別人獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)，所以要表示祝賀。故選A項(xiàng)。11.Adrivershould__theroadwhen.A.concentrateon;drive B.concentratein;drivingC.concentrateto;drove D.concentrateon;driving【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查固定搭配和狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。句意：當(dāng)司機(jī)在駕車的時(shí)候，他/她應(yīng)該把注意力都集中在道路上。固定搭配：concentrateon注意力集中于….；第二空在when后面省略了he/sheis。當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)一直的時(shí)候，可以把狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)以及be動(dòng)詞一起省略。故D正確。12.Thestonebridge___lastyearisverybeautiful.A.built B.wasbuilt C.beingbuilt D.tobebuilt【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：去年被建的那座石橋十分美麗。本題已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞is，因此此處為非謂語(yǔ)，作后置定語(yǔ)修飾thestonebridge，build與bridge之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)和完成，故選A。13.Thesearticlesarewritteninsimplelanguage,_____makesiteasytoread.A.that B.this C.which D.it【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：這些文章是用簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)言寫(xiě)的，這使它讀起來(lái)很容易。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是前面一句話，關(guān)系詞在句中作主語(yǔ)，用which引導(dǎo)。故選C項(xiàng)。14.Didhefind_____hardtolearnaforeignlanguage?A.that B.him C.it D.himself【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查it作形式賓語(yǔ)。句意：他覺(jué)得學(xué)一門外語(yǔ)很難嗎？根據(jù)句意及所給句子可知，此處是固定句型find/thinkit+形容詞+todosth.“覺(jué)得做某事怎么樣”，it是形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式。故選C。15.WemustworkhardtoagoodknowledgeofEnglish.A.take B.acquireC.catch D.hold【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們必須努力學(xué)習(xí)才能掌握英語(yǔ)。A.take拿、取、采取；B.acquire獲得、取得；C.catch抓住、追趕；D.hold持有、擁有。固定短語(yǔ)acquireagoodknowledgeof，精通/掌握……方面的知識(shí)。故選B。Ⅱ．閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30分）AAtravellerwasstayinginanEgyptianvillage.Oneday,shehelduphercameratotakepicturesofthechildren.Suddenlytheyoungonesbegantoshoutather.Thetraveller’sfaceturnedredandsheapologizedtotheheadforwhatshewasdoing,andtoldhimshehadforgottenthatpeopleinsomeplacesbelievedapersonwouldlosehissoul(靈魂)ifhispicturewastaken.Sheexplainedtohimtheoperationofacameraforalongtime.Severaltimestheheadtriedtosaysomething,buthecouldn’t.Whenshebelievedthattheheaddidn’tfearanylonger,thetravellerthenlethimspeak.Withasmile,hesaid,“Thechildrenweretryingtotellyouthatyouforgottotakeoffthelens(鏡頭)cap!”16.Thechildrenshoutedwhenthetravellerwastakingpicturesofthembecause______.A.theydidn’twanttostopplayingB.thetravellerforgottotakeoffthecaponherheadC.theydidn’twanttohavetheirpicturestakenD.thetravellerwasnotdoingwellwithhercamera17.Thetravellermadeanapologyto(向……道歉)theheadbecause_______.A.shethoughtitwasnotrighttotakepeople’spictureswithouttellingthembeforehand(事先)B.thechildrenwouldlosetheirsoulsC.shehadstayedinthevillagetoolongD.shedidn’ttakeapictureoftheheadfirst18.Thetravellerexplainedhowtouseacameratotheheadbecause_______.AtheheadwasveryinterestedinhercameraB.theheadwantedtolearntotakepicturesC.shewasafraidoftheheadD.shewantedtheheadnottoworryaboutwhatshewasdoing19.Whentheheadsmiled,it’sclearthat_______.A.thechildrenwantedtoplaywithherB.thetravellerdidn’tknowwhatthechildrenmeantC.hewantedthetravellertotellhimsomethingelseD.thetravellerdidn’tlethimspeak20.WhichofthefollowingisNOTright?A.Thetravellerknewsomethingaboutpeopleinsomecountries.B.Thechildrenwouldn’tmindifthetravellertookpicturesofthem.C.Theheadwasafraidthatthetraveller’scamerawouldhurtthechildren.D.Thetravellerdidn’tunderstandwhythechildrenshouted.【答案】16.D17.A18.D19.C20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個(gè)有趣的小故事，一個(gè)旅游者去埃及旅行，當(dāng)她準(zhǔn)備給一些孩子們拍照時(shí)，孩子們沖她大喊，她以為他們是害怕拍照靈魂就會(huì)被帶走，就一直解釋，最后孩子們的首領(lǐng)告訴她鏡頭蓋沒(méi)有打開(kāi)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Withasmile,hesaid,“Thechildrenweretryingtotellyouthatyouforgottotakeoffthelens(鏡頭)cap!”(他笑著說(shuō)：‘孩子們想告訴你，你忘記取下鏡頭蓋了!’)”可知，當(dāng)旅行者給孩子們拍照時(shí)，孩子們大喊大叫，因?yàn)槁眯姓叩南鄼C(jī)沒(méi)鏡頭蓋沒(méi)有取下。故選D?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thetraveller’sfaceturnedredandsheapologizedtotheheadforwhatshewasdoing,andtoldhimshehadforgottenthatpeopleinsomeplacesbelievedapersonwouldlosehissoul(靈魂)ifhispicturewastaken.(旅行者的臉變紅了，她為自己的所作所為向人頭道歉，并告訴他，她已經(jīng)忘記了在某些地方，人們相信一個(gè)人如果被拍照就會(huì)失去靈魂。)”可知，在某些地方人忌諱拍照，認(rèn)為如果被拍照就會(huì)失去靈魂，這位旅行者道歉是因?yàn)樗庾R(shí)到自己沒(méi)有事先告訴別人就拍照片，是不禮貌的。故選A。【18題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Sheexplainedtohimtheoperationofacameraforalongtime.(她向他解釋照相機(jī)的操作，講了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。)”以及“Whenshebelievedthattheheaddidn’tfearanylonger,thetravellerthenlethimspeak.(當(dāng)她相信孩子頭不再害怕時(shí)，旅行者才讓他說(shuō)話。)”可知，這位旅行者向孩子頭解釋了相機(jī)操作，是因?yàn)樗幌胱尯⒆觽儞?dān)心她正在進(jìn)行的拍照會(huì)把他們靈魂帶走。故選D。【19題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Withasmile,hesaid,“Thechildrenweretryingtotellyouthatyouforgottotakeoffthelens(鏡頭)cap!”(他笑著說(shuō)：‘孩子們想告訴你，你忘記取下鏡頭蓋了!’)”可知，孩子頭領(lǐng)笑著沒(méi)有說(shuō)話，是因?yàn)樗敫嬖V她一些其他的事情，即這位旅行者忘記取下鏡頭蓋了。故選C。【20題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Withasmile,hesaid,“Thechildrenweretryingtotellyouthatyouforgottotakeoffthelens(鏡頭)cap!”(他笑著說(shuō)：‘孩子們想告訴你，你忘記取下鏡頭蓋了!’)”可知，孩子頭領(lǐng)告訴她鏡頭沒(méi)有打開(kāi)說(shuō)明孩子們不介意她拍照片，C選項(xiàng)“Theheadwasafraidthatthetraveller’scamerawouldhurtthechildren.(頭領(lǐng)擔(dān)心旅行者的照相機(jī)會(huì)傷害到孩子們。)”是錯(cuò)誤的。故選C。BFormerBritishPrimeMinisterWinstonChurchilloncesaid,“TheBritisharetheonlypeoplewholiketobetoldhowbadthingsare.”Thisisdefinitely(絕對(duì)地)trueofBritishcomedy.Mostpeoplethinkhumorisabouthappythings,butfortheBritish,theoppositeistrue.Welovetouseourcruelsenseofhumortocomplainandbenegative(消極的).Britishcomedy,forexample,drawsafinelinebetweencomedyandtragedy(悲劇).BBC’sTheOfficeisaTVshow,famousforitsdryhumor.Themaincharacter,DavidBrent,isafoolishman,andtheshow’scomedycomesfromhisdelusions.Forexample,heoftentellshimselfthatheislovedbyeveryonebuttheviewercanseethateveryonehateshim.StupidcharactersfortheaudiencetolaughatareanoldtraditioninBritain.InShakespeare’splayTwelfthNight,thecharacterMalvolioisanoldmanwhompeopleplaytrickson.Theaudiencewilllaughaway,althoughtherealityisthatthismanisatrulytragicindividual(個(gè)體).ThissideofBritishhumorisreflected(反映)infriendshipsaswell.Atuniversity,myfriendsandIwouldalwayslaughatoneanother.IhadanAmericanfriendwhoactuallyfoundthissarcasm(挖苦)quiteupsetting.Shedidn’trealizethatinBritain,thebetterfriendsyouarewithsomeone,themoreyoulaughatthem.Thisapproach—laughingateverything—maysoundratherdepressing(讓人郁悶的),butourstrangehumorplayedabigpartinBritishhistory.InWorldWarII,alongwithastiffupperlip(堅(jiān)定沉著),theBritishgotthroughitbylaughing.Whatelsewastheretodo?ThereisasayinginEnglish:“Laughandtheworldlaughswithyou;cryandyoucryalone.”IfyouareeveronthereceivingendofBritishsarcasm,youmayfeellikecrying,butit’sbesttojustlaughitoff!21.HowisBritishcomedydifferentfromothertypes?A.Itisoftensurprisingandboring.B.Itoftenlaughsathumannature.C.Itisoftenaboutnegativethings.D.Itoftenmakespeoplefeeldepressed.22.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“delusions”inParagraph2mean?A.strongabilities B.funcharactersC.incorrectbeliefs D.deepconfidence23.WhyisShakespeare’splayTwelfthNightmentionedinthearticle?A.ToshowoneofthebestexamplesofBritishcomedy.B.ToexplainhowShakespeare’scomedyisdifferent.C.ToshowhowdifficultitistomakepeopleacceptBritishcomedy.D.ToproveBritainhasalongtraditionoflaughingatstupidcharacters.24.HowdoestheauthoradvisepeopletoreacttoBritishhumor?A.Learnfromit.B.Don’ttakeitseriously.C.Replysarcastically.D.Becarefulnottomakestupidmistakes.25.Britishpeopleusehumornottoexplain_______.A.Negativity B.complaint C.Sarcasm D.anger【答案】21.C22.C23.D24.B25.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了英國(guó)喜劇的特點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)其與傳統(tǒng)幽默不同，常以消極和諷刺的方式呈現(xiàn)，如BBC的《TheOffice》和莎士比亞的《第十二夜》。英國(guó)人通過(guò)幽默來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)困難，如二戰(zhàn)期間的堅(jiān)持和抱怨，建議對(duì)待英國(guó)幽默不應(yīng)過(guò)于認(rèn)真?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Mostpeoplethinkhumorisabouthappythings,butfortheBritish,theoppositeistrue.Welovetouseourcruelsenseofhumortocomplainandbenegative.(大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為幽默是關(guān)于快樂(lè)的事情，但對(duì)于英國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)，情況正好相反。我們喜歡用我們殘酷的幽默感來(lái)抱怨和表現(xiàn)出消極)”可知，英國(guó)喜劇與其他類型的喜劇不同之處在于它常常涉及消極的事物。故選C項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“Forexample,heoftentellshimselfthatheislovedbyeveryonebuttheviewercanseethateveryonehateshim.(例如，他經(jīng)常告訴自己每個(gè)人都愛(ài)他，但觀眾可以看到每個(gè)人都恨他)”可知，主角DavidBrent有著與現(xiàn)實(shí)不符的信念，即他的自我欺騙，因此“delusions”指的是錯(cuò)誤的信念。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。第三段中提及莎士比亞的《第十二夜》中的角色Malvolio，來(lái)說(shuō)明“StupidcharactersfortheaudiencetolaughatareanoldtraditioninBritain.(愚蠢的角色供觀眾嘲笑是英國(guó)的一項(xiàng)古老傳統(tǒng))”可推知，文章提到該戲劇是為了證明英國(guó)有著嘲笑愚蠢角色的悠久傳統(tǒng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“IfyouareeveronthereceivingendofBritishsarcasm,youmayfeellikecrying,butit’sbesttojustlaughitoff!(如果你曾經(jīng)是英國(guó)諷刺的接受者，你可能會(huì)覺(jué)得想哭，但最好是一笑了之！)”可知，作者建議人們不要認(rèn)真對(duì)待英國(guó)幽默，而應(yīng)該隨之一笑了之。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Welovetouseourcruelsenseofhumortocomplainandbenegative.(我們喜歡用我們殘酷的幽默感來(lái)抱怨和表現(xiàn)出消極)”可知，英國(guó)人使用幽默并不是為了解釋?xiě)嵟?，而是為了表達(dá)抱怨和消極情緒。故選B項(xiàng)。CSometimes,thesimplestideasarethebest.Forexample,toabsorbheatfromthesuntoheatwater,youneedlarge,flat,blacksurfaces.Onewaytodothatistobuildthosesurfacesspecially,ontheroofsofbuildings.Butwhygotoallthattroublewhencitiesarefullofblacksurfacesalready,intheformofasphalt(柏油)roads?Tenyearsago,thisthoughtcameintothemindofAriandeBondt,aDutchengineer.Hefinallypersuadedhisbosstofollowitup.Theresultisthattheirbuildingisnowheatedinwinterandcooledinsummerbyasystemthatreliesonthesurfaceoftheroadoutside.Theheat-collectorisasystemofconnectedwaterpipes.Mostofthemrunfromonesideofthestreettotheother,justundertheasphaltroad.Some,however,divedeepintotheground.Whenthestreetsurfacegetshotinsummer,waterpumpedthroughthepipespicksupthisheatandtakesitundergroundthroughoneofthedivingpipes.Atadepthof100metresliesanaturalaquifer(蓄水層)intowhichheatseveralheatexchangers(交換器)havebeenbuilt.Thehotwaterfromthestreetrunsthroughtheseexchangers,warmingtheground-water,beforereturningtothesurfacethroughanotherpipe.Theaquiferisthususedasaheatstore.Inwinter,theworkingsystemischangedslightly.Waterispumpedthroughtheheatexchangerstopickuptheheatstoredduringsummer.Thiswatergoesintothebuildingandisusedtowarmtheplaceup.Afterperformingthattask,itispumpedundertheasphaltanditsremainingheatkeepstheroadfreeofsnowandice.26.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A.AriandeBondtgothisideafromhisboss.B.Large,flat,blacksurfacesneedtobebuiltincities.C.TheDutchengineer'ssystemhasbeenwidelyused.D.Heatcanalsobecollectedfromasphaltroads.27.Forwhatpurposearethedivingpipesused?A.Toabsorbheatfromthesun.B.Tostoreheatforfutureuse.C.Toturnsolarenergyintoheatenergy.D.Tocarryheatdownbelowthesurface.28.Fromthelastparagraphwecanlearnthat__A.somepipeshavetobere-arrangedinwinterB.thesystemcandomorethanwarmingupthebuildingC.theexchangerswillpickupheatfromthestreetsurfaceD.lessheatmaybecollectedinwinterthaninsummer29.Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Whatweshalldoifthesystemgoeswrong.B.WhatshallwedoiftherearenoasphaltroadsC.Howthesystemcoolsthebuildinginsummer.D.Howthesystemcollectsheatinspringandautumn.【答案】26D27.D28.B29.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。最簡(jiǎn)單方法往往很有效。城市里既然有了巨大的“深色”表面，為什么不用來(lái)收集太陽(yáng)能呢？荷蘭工程師AriandeBondt就發(fā)明了這樣一個(gè)系統(tǒng)，用于在城市道路上收集太陽(yáng)熱量，以便儲(chǔ)存加熱地底的水，還可以在冬季使用。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Butwhygotoallthattroublewhencitiesarefullofblacksurfacesalready,intheformofasphalt(柏油)roads?”可知，柏油路也可以用來(lái)收集熱量。故選D?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Thehotwaterfromthestreetrunsthroughtheseexchangers,warmingtheground-water,beforereturningtothesurfacethroughanotherpipe.(街道上的熱水通過(guò)這些交換器，加熱地下水，然后通過(guò)另一根管道返回地面。)”可知，潛水管的作用是把熱量傳導(dǎo)到下面的儲(chǔ)水層里。故選D?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Afterperformingthattask,itispumpedundertheasphaltanditsremainingheatkeepstheroadfreeofsnowandice.”可知這個(gè)系統(tǒng)不僅僅是可以給建筑物供暖，還可以防止道路結(jié)冰積雪。故選B?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。文章最后一段講了冬天如何供暖，所以后面要講這個(gè)系統(tǒng)在夏天如何為建筑物冷卻的工作方法。故選C。Ⅲ.完形填空（本大題共20小題，共40分）ThereisgrowinginterestinEastJapanRailwayCo.ltd,oneofthesixcompanies,createdoutoftheprivatizednationalrailwaysystem.Inanindustrylackingexcitinggrowth____30____,itsplantousereal-estateassetsinandaroundtrainstations____31____isdrawinginterest.Inaplancalled“StationRenaissance”thatit____32____inNovember,JREastsaidthatitwould____33____usingitscommercialspacesforshopsandrestaurants,extendingthemto____34____moresuitablefortheinformationage.Itwantstrainstationsaspick-up____35____forsuchgoodsasbooks,flowersandgroceries____36____overtheInter.Inacountrywherecity____37____dependheavilyontrains____38____commuting,about16millionpeopleadaygotoitstrainstationsanyway,thecompany____39____.So,pickingupcommoditiesattrainstations____40____consumersextratravelandmissedhomedeliveries.JREastalreadyhasbeenusingitsstation____41____storesforthispurpose,butitplanstocreate____42____spacesforthedeliveryofIntergoods.Thecompanyalsoplanstointroduce____43____cards—knowninJapanasICcardsbecausetheyuseintegratedcircuitfor____44____information____45____trainticketsandmuterpasses____46____themagiconesusedtoday,integratingthemintoa/an____47____pass.Thiswillsavethecompanymoney,because____48____forICcardsaremuchlessexpensivethanmagicsystems.IncreaseduseofICcardsshouldalso____49____thespaceneededforticketvending.30.A.perspectives B.outlooks C.prospects D.spectacles31.A.creatively B.originally C.authentically D.initially32.A.displayed B.demonstrated C.embarked D.unveiled33.A.gobeyond B.setout C.comearound D.spreadover34.A.applications B.enterprises C.functions D.performances35.Adistricts B.vicinities C.resorts D.locations36.A.acquired B.purchased C.presided D.attained37.A.lodgers B.tenants C.dwellers D.boarders38.A.for B.in C.of D.as39.A.figures B.exhibits C.convinces D.speculates40.A.deprives B.retrieves C.spares D.exempts41.A.conjunction B.convenience C.department D.ornament42.A.delegated B.designated C.devoted D.dedicated43.A.clever B.smart C.ingenious D.intelligent44.A.checking B.gathering C.holding D.accommodating45.A.as B.for C.with D.of46.A.butfor B.aswellas C.insteadof D.morethan47.A.unique B.single C.unitary D.only48.A.devices B.instruments C.readers D.examiners49.A.reduce B.narrow C.dwarf D.shrink【答案】30.C31.A32.D33.A34.C35.D36.B37.C38.A39.A40.C41.B42.D43.B44.C45.A46.C47.B48.C49.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一家日本公司于11月公布的名為“車站復(fù)興”的計(jì)劃，該公司宣布將不再局限于將其商業(yè)空間用于傳統(tǒng)的店鋪和餐廳，而是擴(kuò)展到更適合信息時(shí)代的功能用途上。這一戰(zhàn)略轉(zhuǎn)變反映了JREast公司在尋求傳統(tǒng)鐵路運(yùn)輸業(yè)務(wù)之外的增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)，以及對(duì)城市空間綜合開(kāi)發(fā)利用的深刻洞察。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在這樣一個(gè)缺乏令人興奮的發(fā)展前景的行業(yè)中，其創(chuàng)新性地利用火車站及周邊房地產(chǎn)資產(chǎn)的計(jì)劃正在引起人們的興趣。A.perspectives角度；B.outlooks見(jiàn)解；觀點(diǎn)；C.prospects前景；成功的希望；D.spectacles壯觀的景象。根據(jù)空前“l(fā)ackingexcitinggrowth”可知，這個(gè)行業(yè)缺乏發(fā)展前景。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在這樣一個(gè)缺乏令人興奮的發(fā)展前景的行業(yè)中，其創(chuàng)新性地利用火車站及周邊房地產(chǎn)資產(chǎn)的計(jì)劃正在引起人們的興趣。A.creatively創(chuàng)造性地；B.originally起初；C.authentically真實(shí)地；D.initially最初。根據(jù)空前“itsplantousereal-estateassetsinandaroundtrainstations”可知，利用火車站及周邊房地產(chǎn)資產(chǎn)的計(jì)劃是有創(chuàng)造性的。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在JREast公司于11月揭幕的名為“車站復(fù)興”的計(jì)劃中，該公司宣布將不再局限于將其商業(yè)空間用于傳統(tǒng)的店鋪和餐廳，而是擴(kuò)展到更適合信息時(shí)代的功能用途上。A.displayed展示；B.demonstrated證明；C.embarked上船；D.unveiled揭幕。根據(jù)下文“JREastsaidthatitwould

___4___usingitscommercialspacesforshopsandrestaurants,extendingthemto

___5____moresuitablefortheinformationage.”可知，JREast公司于11月揭幕了名為“車站復(fù)興”的計(jì)劃。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在JREast公司于11月揭幕的名為“車站復(fù)興”的計(jì)劃中，該公司宣布將不再局限于將其商業(yè)空間用于傳統(tǒng)的店鋪和餐廳，而是擴(kuò)展到更適合信息時(shí)代的功能用途上。A.gobeyond超出；B.setout出發(fā)；C.comearound發(fā)生；D.spreadover分散。根據(jù)下文“extendingthemto

___5____moresuitablefortheinformationage.”可知，該公司將超出其商業(yè)空間用于傳統(tǒng)的店鋪和餐廳的限制。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在JREast公司于11月揭幕的名為“車站復(fù)興”的計(jì)劃中，該公司宣布將不再局限于將其商業(yè)空間用于傳統(tǒng)的店鋪和餐廳，而是擴(kuò)展到更適合信息時(shí)代的功能上。A.applications申請(qǐng)；B.enterprises企業(yè)；C.functions功能；D.performances表演。根據(jù)下文“Itwantstrainstationsaspick-up

___6___

forsuchgoodsasbooks,flowersandgroceries

____7____

overtheInter.”可知，該公司想要擴(kuò)展更多的功能。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該公司希望將火車站打造成網(wǎng)上購(gòu)買商品如書(shū)籍、鮮花和雜貨等的提貨地點(diǎn)。A.districts地區(qū)；B.vicinities鄰近地區(qū)；C.resorts度假勝地；D.locations地點(diǎn)。根據(jù)空前“Itwantstrainstationsas pick-up”可知，把火車站作為一個(gè)提貨地點(diǎn)。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：該公司希望將火車站打造成網(wǎng)上購(gòu)買商品如書(shū)籍、鮮花和雜貨等的提貨地點(diǎn)。A.acquired獲得；B.purchased購(gòu)買；C.presided主持；D.attained獲得。根據(jù)空后“overtheInter”可知，是從網(wǎng)上購(gòu)買這些商品。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：該公司數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在一個(gè)城市居民嚴(yán)重依賴火車通勤的國(guó)家，每天約有1600萬(wàn)人前往火車站。A.lodgers房客；B.tenants租戶；C.dwellers居民；D.boarders寄宿生。根據(jù)空后“dependheavilyontrains

___9___

commuting,”可知，是在一個(gè)城市居民嚴(yán)重依賴火車通勤的國(guó)家。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：該公司數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在一個(gè)城市居民嚴(yán)重依賴火車通勤的國(guó)家，每天約有1600萬(wàn)人前往火車站。A.for用于；B.in在……里；C.of屬于；D.as作為。根據(jù)空前“dependheavilyontrains”可知，城市居民主要依賴火車來(lái)通勤。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：該公司數(shù)據(jù)顯示，在一個(gè)城市居民嚴(yán)重依賴火車通勤的國(guó)家，每天約有1600萬(wàn)人前往火車站。A.figures計(jì)算；B.exhibits展示；C.convinces說(shuō)服；D.speculates推測(cè)。根據(jù)上文“about16millionpeopleadaygotoitstrainstationsanyway”可知，這個(gè)數(shù)字是公司計(jì)算得出的。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，在火車站提貨可以讓消費(fèi)者省去額外的旅行和錯(cuò)過(guò)送貨上門的機(jī)會(huì)。A.deprives剝奪；B.retrieves檢索；C.spares省得；免去；D.exempts豁免。根據(jù)空后“consumersextratravelandmissedhomedeliveries.”可知，在火車站提貨可以讓消費(fèi)者省去額外的旅行和錯(cuò)過(guò)送貨上門的機(jī)會(huì)。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：JREast已經(jīng)將其車站便利店用于此目的，但它計(jì)劃創(chuàng)建專門的空間來(lái)運(yùn)送Inter商品。A.conjunction結(jié)合；B.convenience方便；便捷；C.department部門；D.ornament裝飾品。conveniencestores“便利店”為固定搭配。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：JREast已經(jīng)將其車站便利店用于此目的，但它計(jì)劃創(chuàng)建專門的空間來(lái)運(yùn)送Inter商品。A.delegated被授予的；B.designated指定的；C.devoted忠誠(chéng)的；D.dedicated專用的。根據(jù)空后“forthedeliveryofIntergoods.”可知，JREast公司計(jì)劃創(chuàng)建專門的空間來(lái)運(yùn)送Inter商品。故選D。【43題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：該公司還計(jì)劃推出智能卡——在日本被稱為IC卡，因?yàn)樗鼈兪褂眉呻娐穪?lái)保存信息充當(dāng)火車票和靜音通行證，代替現(xiàn)在使用的魔法卡，將它們集成到一張通行證中。A.clever聰明的；B.smart智能的；C.ingenious精巧的；D.intelligent聰明的。根據(jù)下文“becausetheyuseintegratedcircuitfor

___15___

information

___16____trainticketsandmuterpasses”可知，該公司計(jì)劃推出的是智能卡。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：該公司還計(jì)劃推出智能卡——在日本被稱為IC卡，因?yàn)樗鼈兪褂眉呻娐穪?lái)保存信息充當(dāng)火車票和靜音通行證，代替現(xiàn)在使用的魔法卡，將它們集成到一張通行證中。A.checking檢查；B.gathering收集；C.holding保存；D.accommodating提供住宿。根據(jù)空前“theyuseintegratedcircuitfor”及空后“information”可知，它們使用集成電路來(lái)保存信息。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：該公司還計(jì)劃推出智能卡——在日本被稱為IC卡，因?yàn)樗鼈兪褂眉呻娐穪?lái)保存信息充當(dāng)火車票和靜音通行證，代替現(xiàn)在使用的魔法卡，將它們集成到一張通行證中。A.as作為；B.for為了；C.with有；D.of屬于。根據(jù)空后“trainticketsandmuterpasses

”可知，智能卡可以作為火車票和靜音通行證。故選A。46題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：該公司還計(jì)劃推出智能卡——在日本被稱為IC卡，因?yàn)樗鼈兪褂眉呻娐穪?lái)保存信息充當(dāng)火車票和靜音通行證，代替現(xiàn)在使用的魔法卡，將它們集成到一張通行證中。A.butfor要不是；B.aswellas還有；C.insteadof代替，而不是；D.morethan不僅僅。根據(jù)空后“themagiconesusedtoday”可知，該公司推行智能卡來(lái)代替現(xiàn)在使用的魔法卡。故選C。【47題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：該公司還計(jì)劃推出智能卡——在日本被稱為IC卡，因?yàn)樗鼈兪褂眉呻娐穪?lái)保存信息充當(dāng)火車票和靜音通行證，代替現(xiàn)在使用的魔法卡，將它們集成到一張通行證中。A.unique獨(dú)特的；B.single單個(gè)的；C.unitary統(tǒng)一的；D.only唯一的。根據(jù)空前“integratingtheminto”可知，智能卡將車票和靜音通行證等整合到一張通行證中。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：此舉將為公司節(jié)省資金，因?yàn)镮C卡讀卡器的成本遠(yuǎn)低于魔術(shù)系統(tǒng)。A.devices設(shè)備；B.instruments儀器；C.readers讀卡器；D.examiners審查員。根據(jù)空后“forICcards”可知，此處說(shuō)的是IC卡的讀卡器。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：增加IC卡的使用也應(yīng)該能減少售票所需的空間。A.reduce減少；B.narrow變窄；C.dwarf使顯得矮??；D.shrink收縮。根據(jù)空后“thespaceneededforticketvending”可知，增加IC卡的使用也應(yīng)該能減少售票所需的空間。故選A。Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法填空（本大題共10小題，共20分）語(yǔ)法填空Someinventionshappeninstrangeways.Thepotatochipisoneofthem.Moon’sLakeHousewas___50___restaurantinNewYorkinthe1850sGeorgeCrumwasthecookthere.Manyrichpeopleoftencametotherestaurant___51___(enjoy)hiscooking.TheonethingthatreallyupsetCrumwas___52___acustomercomplainedaboutthefoodandsentitbacktothekitchentobedoneover.Hewouldoftenreturnitovercooked.Hewashappytoseethecustomerwalkoutoftherestaurant___53___(angry).OnAugust24,1853,acustomerreturnedhisfriedpotatoestothekitchen,___54___theyweren’tcrunchy(脆的)enough.Crumreactedinhis___55___(usually)way.Hecutthepotatoesverythinandcookedtheminhotoil.TheyweresocrunchyandCrumwassurethatthemanwouldrefuse___56___(eat)them.Instead,themanlovedthem.Heevenaskedformore.Now,doyouknow___57___inventedthepotatochip?It’sGeorgeCrum!He___58___(late)setuphisownrestaurant.HenameditCrum’sHouse.Heputbasketsofhispotatochipsonallthetables.Theymadehisrestaurantaverypopularplace.Today,potatochipsareoneofAmericans’____59____(favor)foods!【答案】50.a51.toenjoy52.when53.angrily54.because55.usual56.toeat57.who58.later59.favorite【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章簡(jiǎn)要講述了薯片被無(wú)意間發(fā)明出來(lái)的故事。【50題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：月亮湖屋是19世紀(jì)50年代紐約的一家餐館。分析句子可知，此處是介紹該餐館，空處表示泛指，指“一家餐館”，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且restaurant的發(fā)音以輔音音素開(kāi)頭，應(yīng)用a。故填a?！?1題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：許多富人經(jīng)常到這家餐館來(lái)品嘗他做的菜。分析句子可知，句子主干成分完整，空處作句子的目的狀語(yǔ)，表示“為了……”，應(yīng)用enjoy“享用”的不定式形式。故填toenjoy?！?2題詳解】考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：有一件事讓Crum很不高興，那就是一位顧客抱怨他的飯菜，并把它送回廚房重做。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作主句的表語(yǔ)，結(jié)合空后描述可知，此處指顧客抱怨飯菜，將其送回廚房重做的這種情況或時(shí)刻，空處需表達(dá)“……的時(shí)候”，應(yīng)用連接副詞when作引導(dǎo)詞。故填when?！?3題詳解】考查副詞。句意：看到顧客生氣地走出餐館，他很高興。分析句子可知，空處修飾動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)walkoutoftherestaurant，angry的副詞形式angrily符合題意，意為“生氣地”。故填angrily。【54題詳解】考查原因狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：1853年8月24日，一位顧客把他的炸土豆退回廚房，因?yàn)樗鼈儾粔虼唷７治鼍渥涌芍?，空處前后為完整的句子，空前?nèi)容為事情的結(jié)果，空后內(nèi)容為事情的原因，且是直接造成結(jié)果的原因，因此用意為“因?yàn)椤钡膹膶龠B詞because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。故填because?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：Crum的反應(yīng)和往常一樣。分析句子可知，空處是修飾way的定語(yǔ)，usually的形容詞形式usual符合題意，意為“通常的，慣常的”。故填usua