主謂一致典型用法歸納 解析版

主謂一致典型用法歸納解析版主謂一致考點(diǎn)思維導(dǎo)圖考點(diǎn)清單一：語(yǔ)法一致八種典型用法要點(diǎn)精講1：不定式、動(dòng)名詞和從句作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Whyhewasabsentfromthemeetingyesterdayisbeingquestioned.Planningsofaraheadmakesnosense----somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory______________(not,decide)yet.2.Whatweneed_______(be)enoughwater,butwhattheyneed_______(be)houses.3.(2006天津)Whatweusedtothink_______(be)impossiblenowdoesseempossible.4.(2010湖南)Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts___________(cause)hearinglossinsometeenagers.【答案與解析】1.isn’tdecided/hasn’tbeendecided。動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故答案是isn’tdecided/hasn’tbeendecided。2.is;are。What引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句且其解釋作用，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與be動(dòng)詞后面名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致，故答案是is;are。3.was。usedtodo表示“過(guò)去常常會(huì)”，因此謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；同時(shí)從句作主語(yǔ)位于應(yīng)用單數(shù)，故答案是was。4.hascaused。動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故答案是hascaused。要點(diǎn)精講2：分?jǐn)?shù),百分?jǐn)?shù),some,all,most,therest等修飾名詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與修飾的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。Mostofhisincomehasbeenspentonbooks.Whatisthepopulationofyourcountry?Seventypercentofthepopulationinthatcountryarestillinpoverty.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。5.40%ofthepopulationinthatcountry________(be)young,andtwothirdsofthem_________(not)knowhowtoreadandwrite.6.(2006浙江)Thecompanyhadabout20notebookcomputersbutonlyone-third__________(use)regularly.Nowwehave60workingalldaylong.7.(2011湖南)One-thirdofthecountry__________(cover)withtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens_______(be)blackpeople.【答案與解析】5.are;don’t。population作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)常用單數(shù)；若population被百分?jǐn)?shù)、分?jǐn)?shù)修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，故答案是are;don’t。6.wereused。分?jǐn)?shù)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與后面中心名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致；這里onethird后面省略了of20notebookcomputers，復(fù)數(shù)意義；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故答案是wereused。7.iscovered;are。分?jǐn)?shù)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與后面中心名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致，本句分?jǐn)?shù)后面中心名詞是thecountry，單數(shù)意義；becoveredwith是固定詞組；themajorityof…短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，也與中心名詞一致；這里是thecitizens，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故答案是iscovered;are。要點(diǎn)精講3：and連接并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式；但如果并列主語(yǔ)指同一個(gè)人，同一事物或同一概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語(yǔ)的前邊如果分別有each,

every,

或no修飾時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)形式。Acartandhorsewasseeninthedirectionofthetown.Manyaboyandmanyagirlhasmadethesamemistakeinthemathexam.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。8.Butterandbread________(be)theirdailyfood,butthebreadandthebutter__________(eat)upsofar.9.Earlytobedandearlytorise__________(make)amanhealthy,happyandwise.10.In

our

country

every

boy

and

every

girl

________(have)the

right

to

receiveeducation.

11.(2006江蘇)Apoetandartist_______(be)comingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteraturethisafternoon.【答案與解析】8.is;havebeeneaten。Butterandbread表示“黃油面包”，視為一個(gè)整體；第二空則指兩件物品，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)，sofar常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，故答案是is;havebeeneaten。9.makes。該句意為：早睡早起讓人健康、快樂(lè)、明智。早睡早起都做到才算一個(gè)習(xí)慣，視為整體，故答案是makes。10.has。由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語(yǔ)的前邊如果有each,

every時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)形式，故答案是has。11.is。Apoetandartist表示“一位作家兼詩(shī)人”作主語(yǔ)，指一個(gè)人，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，故答案是is。要點(diǎn)精講4：alargequantity/amountof…作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；largequantities/amountsof…作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Alargeamountofmoneyisspentonadvertisementseveryyear.Largeamountsofspecialfuelareneededtolauncharocketintospace.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。12.(2005山東)Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofearth________(wash)awayeachyear.13.(2009福建)---Whydoesthelakesmellterrible?---Becauselargequantitiesofwater__________(pollute).12.arebeingwashed。large/hugequantitiesof…作主語(yǔ)，表示“很多……”，不管后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與quantities一致用復(fù)數(shù)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境該動(dòng)作還在進(jìn)行又是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故答案是arebeingwashed。13.havebeenpolluted。large/hugequantitiesof…作主語(yǔ)，表示“很多……”，不管后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與quantities一致用復(fù)數(shù)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境該動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響。同時(shí)又是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故答案是havebeenpolluted。要點(diǎn)精講5：thenumberof…表示“……的數(shù)量”，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；anumberof表示“若干，許多”，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。ThenumberofthestudentsinClass7is65.Andanumberofthemarekeenonreading.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。14.Thenumberofpeopleinvited______(be)fifty,butanumberofthem_______(be)absentfordifferentreasons.15.(2006全國(guó)II)Asyoucansee,thenumberofcarsonourroads__________(keep)risingthesedays.【答案與解析】14.was;were。thenumberof…表示“……的數(shù)量”，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；anumberof表示“若干，許多”，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故答案是was;were。15.keeps。thenumberof…表示“……的數(shù)量”，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故答案是keeps。要點(diǎn)精講6：oneof…后接定語(yǔ)從句，從句謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)；theonlyoneof后接定語(yǔ)從句，從句謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。Johnsonisoneofthefarmerswholiveinthevalley.Johnsonistheonlyoneofthefarmerswholivesinthevalley.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。16.(2010全國(guó)II)Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwho________(wear)eveningdress.17.Tommywasoneofthedoctorswho________(be)devotedtosavingpeople’slivesinWuHan.【答案與解析】16.wears。theonlyoneof后接定語(yǔ)從句，從句謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故答案是wears。17.were。句意：Tommy是武漢致力于救人的醫(yī)生之一。根據(jù)前文“was”可知，本句描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；分析句子可知，空格處是定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞為thedoctors，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。故填were。要點(diǎn)精講7：all,both,each,every,either,neither,none等代詞作主語(yǔ)，視意思而定。EachstudentinClass29hasatleastthreedictionaries.Thestudentseachhaveatleastthreedictionaries.Allofthemoneywasgiventothepoorvillagerslastmonth.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。18.Thesummerholidayiscomingandweeach______(be)readyforthepicnicinthepastweeks.19."All_______(be)presentandall_______(be)goingonwell,"ourheadteachersaid.20.Itisreportedthatmanyanewhouse_______________(build)atpresentinthedisasterarea.21.(2008陜西)–Didyougototheshowlastnight?–Yeah.Everyboyandgirlinthearea___________(invite).22.(2012湖南)Allthescientificevidence_____(show)thatincreasinguseofchemicalsinfarming_______(be)damagingourhealth.【答案與解析】18.are。本句each是同位語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是we,謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故答案是are。19.are;is。不定代詞all作主語(yǔ)，指人時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)；指物時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。故答案是are;is。20.isbeingbuilt。manyanewhouse表示“許多房屋”，但是遵循“語(yǔ)法一致”，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故答案是isbeingbuilt。21.wasinvited。由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語(yǔ)的前邊如果分別有each,

every

或no修飾時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)形式。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故答案是wasinvited。22.shows;is。evidence表示“證據(jù)”，是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；后半句主語(yǔ)是increasinguse,仍是單數(shù)。故答案是shows;is。要點(diǎn)精講8：在Itis…that…強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中也應(yīng)考慮主謂一致。ItwasJimthatwaspraisedbytheheadmasterthismorning.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。23.ItisI,who_______(be)yourteacher,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.24.Itiscuttingdownoftreesthat________(destroy)thehabitatsofanimals.25.It_______(be)MikeandMarywhohelpedtheoldmanseveraldaysago.【答案與解析】23.am。在Itis…that…強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是主語(yǔ)時(shí)，who/that后面謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與該主語(yǔ)保持一致。故答案是am。24.destroys。句意：砍伐樹(shù)木破壞了動(dòng)物的棲息地。去掉句中的Itis和空處后，剩余部分：cuttingdownoftreesdestroysthehabitatsofanimals，句意完整，成分齊全，所以本句使用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，對(duì)句子的主語(yǔ)cuttingdownoftrees進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，故填destroys。25.was。雖然強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)，但是It后邊不是is就是was。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填was。考點(diǎn)清單二、就遠(yuǎn)一致典型用法要點(diǎn)精講：主語(yǔ)后面跟有下列介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)with，alongwith，togetherwith,aswellas,ratherthan,including,like,but,except，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在人稱(chēng)與數(shù)上應(yīng)與前邊的主語(yǔ)一致。Tomaswellastwoofhisfriendswasinvitedtomyforty-ninthbirthdaypartylastFriday.Alice,togetherwithherfriends,waspraisedforhavingwonhonorfortheirschool.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.(2019江蘇)Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers______________(give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.2.(2019天津)Amy,aswellasherbrothers,_________(give)awelcomewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.3.(2017天津)Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,_____________(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.4.NoonebutJohnandhisteachers_________(know)thetruthoftheexperiment.【答案與解析】1.hasgiven。inthelastthreemonths常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用；alongwithhisbandmembers是介詞短語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是Themusician。故答案是hasgiven。2.wasgiven。lastweek常與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用；aswellasherbrothers表示“也，而且”，謂語(yǔ)與真正的主語(yǔ)Tom保持一致，單數(shù)意義，又是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故答案是wasgiven。3.isregarded。Nowadays常與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用；alongwithjoggingandswimming是介詞短語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是cycling，單數(shù)意義，又是被動(dòng)含義。故答案是isregarded。4.knows。butJohnandhisteachers是介詞短語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是Noone，單數(shù)意義。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填knows。考點(diǎn)清單三、意義一致五種典型用法用法標(biāo)志詞示例family等集體名詞強(qiáng)調(diào)整體謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)成員謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)family,class,committee,team,group,crew,audienceThefootballteamismadeupof23members.足球隊(duì)有23名隊(duì)員組成。Thefootballteamaretrainingontheplayground.足球隊(duì)正在運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)訓(xùn)練。某些集體名詞如people謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)people,police,cattle,oxenThepolicearesearchingtheforestfortheescapedprisoners.警察正在尋找逃逸囚犯。TheChinesepeoplearehard-workingandbrave.中國(guó)人勤勞勇敢。單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞如sheep等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)根據(jù)其意義或限定詞決定單、復(fù)數(shù)。sheep,deer,works,means,species,Chinese,JapaneseSuchachemicalworksistobeclosednextyear.這樣一家化工廠將于明年關(guān)閉。Thisspecieshasnearlydiedoutbecauseitshabitatisbeingdestroyed.由于棲息地遭到破壞，這個(gè)物種幾乎滅絕了。the+形容詞（或分詞）主語(yǔ)表示一類(lèi)人時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)通常用復(fù)數(shù)。rich,thepoor,thebrave,theinjured,theliving,thewoundedTherichofthedistrictareresponsible.這個(gè)地區(qū)的富人有責(zé)任。Thebeautifulisthetrue.美就是真。名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢(qián)、機(jī)構(gòu)、書(shū)籍等概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)24years,NewYorkTimesEighthoursofsleepisenoughforachild.八個(gè)小時(shí)的睡眠對(duì)一個(gè)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)已經(jīng)足夠了。TheUnitedNationswasfoundedonOctober24,1945.聯(lián)合國(guó)成立于1945年10月24日?！炯磿r(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Herfamily_________(be)largerthanmineandherfamily__________(watch)TVnow.2.Afterhearinghisinspiringspeech,theaudience_____________(move)byhisstoryandhiswords.3.Thecommittee_________(make)upof20members,who_________(be)allexpertsinmedicine.4.Thepolice_____________(search)forthemurderereverywherewhenhesuddenlyappearedinatheatre.5.Everypossiblemeans____________(try)topreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.6.Allpossiblemeans____________(try)topreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.7.Theelderly_____________(take)

goodcareofinourcountryatpresent.8.Threeyears___________(pass)sincetheymetlasttime,andforthem,threeyears_____(be)reallyalongtime.9.(2017江蘇)ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which___________(be)bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickens,statusasaleadingnovelist.10.Thebeautiful_______(be)notalwaysuseful,whiletheyoung_______(be)alwaysstrivingforsomethinguseless.【答案與解析】1.is；arewatching。該句意為：他們家庭比我們家大，現(xiàn)在她的家人們正在看電視。第一空f(shuō)amily指整體，單數(shù)；第二空指家庭成員，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故答案是is；arewatching。2.weremoved。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境邏輯應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；這里強(qiáng)調(diào)觀眾們，強(qiáng)調(diào)成員，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故答案是weremoved。3.ismade;are。bemadeupof表示“由……組成”；thecommittee這里強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，單數(shù)意義。第二空是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是20members，復(fù)數(shù)意義，故答案是ismade;are。4.weresearching。was/weredoing…when…是固定句型，表示“正在做某事這時(shí)發(fā)生另一件意外的事”；police表示警察總稱(chēng)，復(fù)數(shù)意義。故答案是weresearching。5.hasbeentried。means用作名詞，表示“方式；方法”，單復(fù)數(shù)同形。本句中means前邊有限定詞every,單數(shù)意義，故答案是hasbeentried。6.havebeentried。means用作名詞，表示“方式；方法”，單復(fù)數(shù)同形。本句中means前邊有限定詞all,復(fù)數(shù)意義，故答案是havebeentried。7.aretaken。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；atpresent暗示用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；Theelderly相當(dāng)于Theelderlypeople，復(fù)數(shù)意義，故答案是aretaken。8.haspassed;is。前半句since應(yīng)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用；時(shí)間、距離、金錢(qián)類(lèi)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)；第二空仍是單數(shù)意義，故答案是haspassed;is。9.was。GreatExpectations是英國(guó)小說(shuō)家狄更斯的名著《遠(yuǎn)大前程》，表示書(shū)籍、單位等概念應(yīng)視為單數(shù)；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故答案是was。10.is;are?！皌he+形容詞”表示抽象概念謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；“the+形容詞”表示一類(lèi)人謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。故答案是is;are?？键c(diǎn)清單四、就近一致兩種典型用法要點(diǎn)精講1：并列連詞either…or…,neither…nor…,not…but,notonly…butalso…等連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與最近的主語(yǔ)保持人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的一致。Isneitherhenoryoutellingthetruth?Notonlyyoubutalsosheistoblameforthetrafficaccident.Neithertheleadernorthefarmersareresponsiblefortheheavylosses.【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.NotonlyJimbutalsohisparents_______(be)fondofplayingbasketball.2.Bothyouandhe_____(be)tohosttheTalentShowinourschoolthisyear?3.(2009湖南)Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents_______(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.【答案與解析】1.are。notonly…butalso…表示“不但……而且……”，這里距離謂語(yǔ)最近的主語(yǔ)是hisparents，復(fù)數(shù)意義。故答案是are。2.are。both…and表示“不但……而且……”，連接并列主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)抖音用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故答案是are。3.is。either…or…表示“或者……或者……”，這里距離謂語(yǔ)最近的主語(yǔ)是oneofyourstudents，單數(shù)意義。betodo表示按計(jì)劃將要發(fā)生，故答案是is。要點(diǎn)精講2：Therebe句型及Thefollowing句型語(yǔ)應(yīng)與最近的主語(yǔ)保持人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的一致。Thereisapencilandtwodictionariesonthedesk.Therearetwodictionariesandapencilonthedesk.Thefollowingistheinformationaboutplayswhichwillbeonthesedays.

【即時(shí)訓(xùn)練】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。4.Thefollowing_______(be)someotherexamplesforyoutoreferto. 5.There_______(be)millionsofwebsitesontheInternetandthere_______(be)alotofusefulinformationonthewebsites.6.Inthe1980s,buriedinthesands________(be)anancientvillage,likeatimecapsule.【答案與解析】4.are。Thefollowing….屬于倒裝句，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與后邊的主語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。本句主語(yǔ)是someotherexamples，故答案是are。5.are;is。Therebe…句型屬于倒裝句，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與后邊的主語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。兩句主語(yǔ)分別是millionsofwebsites和alotofusefulinformation，故答案是are;is。6.was。句意：20世紀(jì)80年代，一個(gè)古老的村莊被埋在沙里，就像一個(gè)時(shí)間膠囊。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Inthe1980s可知，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句為倒裝句，主語(yǔ)是anancientvillage，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。故填was。分層訓(xùn)練（一）高考真題用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.(2022新高考II)Henry____________(fix)hiscarwhenheheardthescreams.HelookedupandsawErichangingfromthebalcony.2.(2021北京)Asit____________(connect)things,yourbrainturnsthemintoastory,andyougetadream.3.(2021天津)Currently,about35,000works____________(display)inover300roomsintheLouvre,anditwouldtakealifetimetoseeeverything.4.(2020江蘇)Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you'llfindprobablyasolutionthat_______(suit)everyone.5.(2020天津)Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand__________(remain)aroundthatlevelsince.6.(2020全國(guó)II)Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers__________(carry)specialsignificance.7.(2019全國(guó)Ⅰ)Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six

_____

(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.

8.(2019全國(guó)II)IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI

_______

(make)overtheyears.9.(2019全國(guó)III)Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,we

__________

(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars.

10.(2017全國(guó)Ⅰ)Whenfatandsalt__________(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.【答案與解析】1.wasfixing。這是wasdoing…sthwhen…句型，表示“正在……這時(shí)……”。2.connects。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，同時(shí)單數(shù)意義。3.arebeingdisplayed。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Currently是關(guān)鍵。“當(dāng)前，現(xiàn)在，目前”；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。4.suits。定語(yǔ)從句先行詞是asolution，遵循語(yǔ)法一致。5.hasremained。since常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用；remain是不及物動(dòng)詞，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。6.carries。動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)decoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。7.are。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，構(gòu)成并列句。8.havemade。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)overtheyears是關(guān)鍵，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。9.wereinvited。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，又是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。10.areremoved。結(jié)合后面主句判斷這里應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；同時(shí)主語(yǔ)是兩個(gè)不同概念，復(fù)數(shù)意義。分層訓(xùn)練（二）模擬試題用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。11.Here_______(be)apen,afewpencilsandsomepaperforyou.12.Nowmorethanonemember_______(be)againsttheplan.13.Thiskindofcartoons_______(sell)wellinthebookstorewhilecartoonsofthatkind___________badly(sell).14.Anironandsteelworks,withsomesatellitefactories,_______(be)tobebuilthere.E-mail,aswellastelephones,________(be)playinganimportantpartindailycommunication.16.Thefatheraswellashisthreechildren_______(go)skatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.17.---Eachofthestudentsworkinghardattheirlessons

__________(read)thebook.---SohaveI.

18.Thenumberofthestudentswho________(possess)cellphones________(be)increasingrapidly,whichaffectsthenormalteachingbadly.19.Generally,students’innermotivationwithhighexpectationsfromothers______(be)essentialtotheirdevelopment.20.Sofaraseriesofproblems_____________(bring)aboutbythisdecision.【答案與解析】11.is。Herebe/Therebe…后面有多個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，遵循“就近一致”原則。12.is。morethanone后接單數(shù)名詞，遵循“就近一致”原則，用單數(shù)。13.sells;sell。sellwell是特殊結(jié)構(gòu)，主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義；第一空主語(yǔ)是Thiskindofcartoons，單數(shù)意義；第二空主語(yǔ)是cartoons，復(fù)數(shù)意義。14.is。Anironandsteelworks表示“一家鋼鐵工廠”，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；withsomesatellitefactories是介詞短語(yǔ)。15.is。aswellas連接并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)遵循“就遠(yuǎn)一致”原則，單數(shù)意義。16.goes。everySundayafternooninwinter表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。17.hasread。SohaveI是倒裝句，暗示前邊也用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；workinghardattheirlessons作定語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是each。18.possess;is。第一空定語(yǔ)從句先行詞是thestudents,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；第二空主語(yǔ)是number，單數(shù)意義。19.is。真正主語(yǔ)是students’innermotivation，單數(shù)意義。20.hasbeenbrought。Sofar表示“到現(xiàn)在為止”，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。分層訓(xùn)練（三）單句改錯(cuò)下列各句均有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)指出并糾正。21.（2023全國(guó)甲卷）Intheevening,whenItakeawalkintheschoolgarden,thesingingofinsectsbecomemoremeaningfultome.22.Kate,oneofmyclosefriends,comefromGuangzhou.23.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwishforaholiday.24.Thewriterandtranslatoraredeliveringaspeechinourschoolnow.25.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneedsrepairing.26.Largequantitiesoffoodhasbeensenttotheflood-strickenvictimsinthepastfewdays.27.Theteacher,aswellas6girlsand8boys,werevisitingamuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.28.NooneinthedepartmentbutTomandIknowthatthedirectorwillresign.29.Thecountrylifetheelderlycouplewasusedtohavechangedgreatlysince1992.30.Whatthescienceteacherdoesandsaysareofgreatimportancetocollegestudents.【答案與解析】21.become改為becomes。句意：晚上，當(dāng)我在學(xué)校的花園里散步時(shí)，昆蟲(chóng)的歌聲對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)變得更有意義。此處為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為thesingingofinsects，謂語(yǔ)用三單形式。故become改為becomes。22.come改為comes。oneofmyclosefriends作主語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。23.wish改為wishes。Notonly…butalso…連接并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)遵循“就近一致”。24.are改為is。Thewriterandtranslator表示“那位作家兼翻譯家”是同一個(gè)人，單數(shù)意義。25.needs改為need。分?jǐn)?shù)短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與中心名詞單復(fù)數(shù)一致。26.has改為have。Largequantitiesof后面謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。27.were改為was。aswellas6girlsand8boys應(yīng)遵循“就遠(yuǎn)一致”，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。28.know改為knows。主語(yǔ)后面是but,except等介詞短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與前邊的主語(yǔ)保持一致。29.have改為has。theelderlycouplewasusedto是定語(yǔ)從句，主語(yǔ)是Thecountrylife，單數(shù)。30.are改為is。What從句作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。分類(lèi)訓(xùn)練（四）主謂一致助力應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作書(shū)面表達(dá)句式升級(jí)：請(qǐng)運(yùn)用準(zhǔn)確動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致翻譯下列各句。1.(2024新高考I卷)我們的任務(wù)是畫(huà)一些給我們印象最深的東西。___________________________________________________________________________________________2.(2023全國(guó)乙卷)學(xué)唱英文歌對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是難忘經(jīng)歷，這讓我藝術(shù)性欣賞人生之美。___________________________________________________________________________________________3.(2022全國(guó)乙卷)結(jié)果是說(shuō)到學(xué)英語(yǔ)，學(xué)生們喜歡用娛樂(lè)的方式而不是傳統(tǒng)的方式。___________________________________________________________________________________________4.(2022全國(guó)甲卷)保護(hù)海洋就是保護(hù)我們自己。___________________________________________________________________________________________5.(2022全國(guó)甲卷)海洋對(duì)于我們?nèi)祟?lèi)就像水對(duì)于魚(yú)類(lèi)一樣重要。___________________________________________________________________________________________6.(2022全國(guó)甲卷)世界海洋日，排在6月8日，目的是提高我們海洋保護(hù)意識(shí)。___________________________________________________________________________________________7.(2022新高考I卷)首先，我們的節(jié)目每周工作日下午4：30開(kāi)始，持續(xù)20分鐘。這突出校園生活、最新國(guó)內(nèi)國(guó)際新聞。___________________________________________________________________________________________8.(2022新高考I卷)我謹(jǐn)代表校廣播站邀請(qǐng)你擔(dān)任我們Talk-talk欄目訪談嘉賓。___________________________________________________________________________________________9.(2021全國(guó)乙卷)我在這里呼吁的是建立時(shí)間表，把線上學(xué)習(xí)和線下學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)合起來(lái)。___________________________________________________________________________________________10.(2021新高考I卷)自從我訂閱你們報(bào)紙以來(lái)成為忠實(shí)的讀者。___________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】1.Weweretaskedtodraworpaintsomethingthatimpressedusmost.2.LearningsingingEnglishsongswasamemorableexperienceforme,makingmeappreciatethebeautyinmylifeartistically.3.ItturnsoutthatstudentsfavortheentertainingwaysoverthetraditionaloneswhenitcomestoEnglishlearning.4.Toprotectoceanistoprotectourselves.5.Theoceansaretoourhumanbeingswhatwateristofish.6.WorldOceanDay,whichfallsonJune8th,isaimedatraisingawarenessofoceanconservation.7.First,ourprogrammestartsat4:30pmeveryweekdayandlasts20minutes.Itmainlyfeaturesoncampuslifeandlatestdomesticandinternationalnews.8.IamwritingonbehalfofourschoolradiostationtoinviteyoutobeourwelcomeguestinaninterviewtobelaunchedbyTalk-talk.9.WhatIcallonhereistosetupatimetableandtrytocombineonlinestudywithofflinestudy.10.IhavebeenadevotedreadersinceIsubscribedtothenewspaperYouth.分類(lèi)訓(xùn)練（五）語(yǔ)法填空（外刊原創(chuàng)）（一）主謂一致語(yǔ)法填空用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，注意主謂一致。MynewdeskmateJames,whoseparents1(teach)EnglishinGuangzhoufortenyears,2(come)fromtheUnitedStates,which3(be)oneofthemostdevelopedcountriesintheworld.Heaswellashisparents4(enjoy)livinginGuangzhoubecauseneitherJamesnorhisparents5(finding)itdifficulttoadapttothelifeinChina.Intheiropinion,manyacustomhere6(be)easytounderstandandtenyears7