山西省朔州市懷仁市第一中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期摸底考試英語試題 （解析版）

2024~2025學(xué)年懷仁一中高三年級(jí)摸底考試英語全卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.請(qǐng)按題號(hào)順序在答題卡上各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.選擇題用2B鉛筆在答題卡上把所選答案的標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑；非選擇題用黑色簽字筆在答題卡上作答；字體工整，筆跡清楚。4.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將試卷和答題卡一并上交。5.本卷主要考查內(nèi)容：高考范圍。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whosebirthdayisittoday?A.Cassie’s. B.John’s. C.Ashley’s.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Cassie,I’msorry.IthoughtI’dsetmyalarmclock,butIdidn’thearitring!W:Oh,no,John,Ashley’sbirthdaypartyisgoingtostartinafewminutes.Let’shurryupandgetthere.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhatdoesthemanthinkofAllan’spaintings?A.Funny. B.Terrible. C.So-so.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:HowdoyoufeelaboutmyfriendAllan’sartshowlastnight?M:Yeah,itwas...fun.W:Whatabouthispaintings?M:Theywere...Um,actuallytheywereterrible.Ihatedthem.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Davidofteneatshiswords.B.Herpartywasasuccess.C.Dr.Andrewputoffhislecture.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:David,areyoucomingtoDr.Andrew’slecturetomorrow?M:Ofcourse!Iwillbethere.W:Youknow,youalsosaidyouwerecomingtomyPaintMyKitchenParty,butyoudidn’t.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howdothespeakerssound?A.Fine. B.Relaxed. C.Worried.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Thebossjusttoldmethecompanyisfineandonlycuttingafewjobs.M:Howisthatsupposedtomakemefeelbetter?Stevejustgotfiredtoday.W:Soundslikeheistryingtohidethetruth.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhathappenedtoJosh’ssisteryesterday?A.Sheservedthewrongdish.B.Shegotlostwithherbrother.C.Shefailedtobehaveherselfinpublic.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:YesterdayIhaddinnerwithJoshandhissisterSara.M:Um...whatdidyouthink?W:Sheisreallyrude.Sheactuallyshoutedatthewaiterintherestaurantforbringingherthewrongdish.Joshjustdoesn’tseehowunpleasantsheis.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.What’stheman?A.Ahotelreceptionist. B.Asalesman. C.Apainter.7.Whichcolourwillthewomantryon?A.Red. B.Black. C.Purple.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:CanIhelpyou?W:Yes,haveyougotthisT-shirtinothercolours?M:We’vegotitinwhite,black,redandpurple.Whatsizedoyouwant?W:Medium.M:OK,inmediumwe’vegotblackandred.W:Andinpurple?M:No,justblackandred.W:OK,red.CanItryiton?M:Yes,ofcourse.Thechangingroomsareoverthere.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthewomanthinktheman’sproblemis?A.Herefusedtolistentoher.B.He’sdisturbedbyotherthings.C.Hestoppedstudyingforlong.9.What’sthesecondthingthewomanasksthemantoavoid?A.Music. B.Thedog. C.Thephone.【答案】8.B9.B【解析】【原文】M:Idon’tknowwhattodo.IstartoffstudyingbutIalwaysendupdoingsomethingelse.W:I’llhelpyoubutpleaselistentome.Youneedtotakeawayallofthethingsthatstopyouworking.M:Whatdoyoumean?W:First,turnoffyourmusic.Musicdoesn’thelpyoustudy.Andputthedogoutside!M:What?W:Well,everytimethedoggoesintoyourroom,youstopstudyingtotouchit.M:OK.Bye,mydog!W:Haveanappleandaglassofwateronyourdeskbeforeyoustart.Hereyouare.M:Why?W:Becausethenyoudon’tneedtogotothekitchenforsomethingtoeatordrink.Andturnoffyourphone.Itstopsyouworking.M:OK,butIcan’tturnofftheInternetonmycomputer.Ineedittolookupinformation.W:OK,butyoucanturnoffyourmessages.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theman’sworkday. B.Thewoman’sschoolday.C.Theman’sphone.11.Whywasitdifficultforthewomantofigureoutthethief?A.Somethingwaswrongwiththecamera.B.Toomanypeopleworethesamesuit.C.Thethief’sfacewascoveredtightly.12.Towhomwillthemanreportthetheft?A.Thepolice. B.CCTV. C.Theinsurance.【答案】10.C11.B12.C【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Dad.Didyouhaveagooddayatwork?M:Sameasusual,really.Whataboutyou?Gooddayatschool?W:Yeah,prettygood.Exceptforonelittlething...M:What’sthematter?W:Doyourememberyoulentmeyourphone?M:Yes?W:Well,Iwasstandingjustoutsideschool,textingJack,andsomebodyranpastandstoleit.M:Youletsomeonestealmyphone?W:Ididn’tletthem.M:No,Isupposenot.Butdidyouknowthatmighthappen?Wasthatadangerousspot?W:Well,Ihadheardofthathappening,butI’dforgotten.Anyway,Ididn’tthinkitwouldhappentome.M:Didyouseewhoitwas?W:No.Itwassomeoneinabluetracksuit,andtherewereloadsofpeoplewhoworethose.Butthere’saCCTVcameraontheentrance.Itmighthavegotashotofthethief’sface.M:Youreporteditthen?W:Well,notyet,butIwilltomorrow.M:Allright.Don’tforgettoreportittomorrow.I’llhavealookattheinsuranceandseeifit’scovered.聽下面一段較長對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Makingworkplans. B.Visitingacustomer. C.Bookingameetingroom.14.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthefirsttask?A.It’sinahurry. B.It’sunimportant. C.It’stime-consuming.15.What’stheman’slasttask?A.Writingareport. B.Startinganewproject. C.Sendinganemail.16.Whenwillthewomangiveapresentation?A.Today. B.Nextweek. C.Nextmonth.【答案】13.A14.A15.A16.C【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Mario.Canyouhelpmepreparesomethingsforthenextmonth?M:OK,sure.W:IneedtovisitthecustomersinGermany.It’simportant.M:WhatcanIdotohelp?W:Canyousendanemailtothecustomers?AskthemwhenIcanvisitthemnextweek.Pleasedothisfirst.It’sveryurgent.M:Right.I’lldoittoday.W:Thanks.Thisnexttaskisalsoimportant.Canyouinviteeveryonetothenextteammeeting?M:Yes,Iwill.W:Butfirstyouneedtobookameetingroom.Afterthat,pleasesendeveryoneanemailaboutit.M:Yes,ofcourse.W:Andfinally,canyouwriteashortreportaboutournewproject?Ihavetogiveapresentationtoourmanagersnextmonth.Pleasedoitwhenyouhavetime—sometimeinthenexttwoorthreeweeks.It’snottoourgent.M:Sure,noproblem.Icandoitthisweek.W:There’snohurry.Takeyourtime.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.WhatisBelfastfamousfor?A.Makingropes. B.Buildingships. C.Sellingtea.18.Whatwillthevisitorsdothismorning?A.VisitCityHall. B.Attendaconcert. C.Gotoagarden.19.Wherewillthevisitorsgotomorrowmorning?A.TheUlsterHall. B.ThePalmHouse. C.TheUlsterMuseum.20.Howlongwillthetourlast?A.Oneday. B.Twodays. C.Threedays.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.B【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning,everyone.WelcometoBelfast,oneoftheyoungestcapitalcitiesintheworld.Inthe17thcentury,itwasonlyavillage.Thenduringthe19thcentury,thedevelopmentofindustrieslikerope-making,engineering,andteatradedoubledthetown’ssizeeverytenyears.Thecityiswellknownforitsshipbuilding.Itwasherethatthe“Titanic”wasbuilt.HereisyourbrieftouraroundBelfast.ThismorningyouwillvisitCityHall.Thisafternoon,youwillvisitthezooandthisevening,youwillgotoaconcertatUlsterHall.Tomorrowmorning,youwillvisittheUlsterMuseumandseethegoldtreasureofthe16th-centurySpanishwarship.Intheafternoon,youwillgototheBotanicGardensandyouwillwalkamongrareplants.AndthenyouwillvisitthePalmHouse.Youwillhaveafreeeveningsoyoucangotosomelocalpubs.YoucanenjoysomeIrishfolkmusicthere.Nextmorningat10,youwillflybacktoLondon.Ihopeyouwillenjoythetwo-daytour.Thanks.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATwoSpecialMuseumsBarbed(有刺的)WireMuseumIsthisthestrangestmuseumofall?Onething’sforsure—youwon’twanttotouchthehandiworkondisplay!InventedbyJosephGliddenin1874,thistypeofwirefencingquicklyturnedintoamulti-million-dollarindustry.Wherefarmersoncelettheiranimalswanderfreelyacrosstheprairies(草地),thiswirenowenabledlandtobesectioned—andthatinturn,changedthefaceofthe“WildWest”!Openedin1971,themuseumdisplaysover2,000varietiesofbarbedwire,aswellastoolsandequipmentusedinfencing.Whowouldcomehere?Thethousandsofbarbedwirefansacrosstheworld,itseems!TheSaltandPepperShakerMuseumOpenedin2001,theownersofthissmallmuseuminTennessee,USAareseriouscollectors!Theirmuseumhousesover20,000differentsaltandpeppershakers,someofwhichdatebackthousandsofyears!Withshakersshapedasastronauts,chickens,monks,lettersandcutepuppies,youwillbeamazedattheenormousvarietyonshow!Andwhileyoulookthroughtheirpackedshelves,youalsogettolearntheratherinterestinghistorybehindsaltandpepper.OnesaltshakertheLuddenfamilydon’thaveintheirmuseumistheCelliniSaltCellar.ThiswaspresentedtoFrancisIKingofFrance,in1543andwasmadefrompuregoldandit’sworthanamazing€50million!21.Whenwasbarbedwirefencinginvented?A.In1874. B.In1971. C.In2001. D.In1543.22.WhatcanwedointheSaltandPepperShakerMuseum?A.Takephotoswithastronauts. B.Usedifferentkindsofshakers.C.Learnhistoryaboutsaltandpepper. D.AdmireashakeronceusedbyFrancisI.23.Whatdothetwomuseumshaveincommon?A.Theyshowsomethingfamous. B.Theyshowsomethingunusual.C.Theyshowsomethingpopular. D.Theyshowsomethinghelpful.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了兩個(gè)特殊的博物館——帶刺鐵絲網(wǎng)博物館和鹽和胡椒瓶博物館?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“InventedbyJosephGliddenin1874,thistypeofwirefencingquicklyturnedintoamulti-million-dollarindustry.(由約瑟夫·格利登于1874年發(fā)明，這種類型的鐵絲圍欄很快變成了一個(gè)價(jià)值數(shù)百萬美元的產(chǎn)業(yè))”可知，鐵絲網(wǎng)圍欄發(fā)明于1874年。故選A。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Andwhileyoulookthroughtheirpackedshelves,youalsogettolearntheratherinterestinghistorybehindsaltandpepper.(當(dāng)你瀏覽它們貨架時(shí)，你也會(huì)了解到鹽和胡椒背后相當(dāng)有趣的歷史)”可知，我們可以在這家博物館中了解鹽和胡椒的歷史。故選C。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Isthisthestrangestmuseumofall?Onething’sforsure—youwon’twanttotouchthehandiworkondisplay!(這是最奇怪的博物館嗎？有一件事是肯定的——你不會(huì)想碰這些展出的手工作品的！)”以及倒數(shù)第三段“Theirmuseumhousesover20,000differentsaltandpeppershakers,someofwhichdatebackthousandsofyears!(他們的博物館收藏了超過20,000個(gè)不同的鹽和胡椒瓶，其中一些可以追溯到幾千年前！)”可知，文中介紹的兩個(gè)博物館都很不一般。故選B。BInSaskatchewan,Canada,vegetableshaveashortgrowingseason.SoaveryuniquefarminHudsonBayisgrowingfresh,pesticide-free(無農(nóng)藥的)vegetablesinahydroponic(水培的)farmallyearlong.Theretheplantsaregrowninwaterinsteadofsoil.Growingvegetablesinthemiddleofnowhere,about300kilometresnortheastofSaskatoon,mayseemlikeabigrisk,butthereisnootherplaceforpeopletogetlocallygrownfood.Produceisavailableinlocalsupermarketsbutitistruckedinfromfaraway.TheideatoturnthenolongerusedStewartHawkeschoolintoafarmcametotheNelswhenHudsonBayaskedforbids(投標(biāo))forthebuildingin2018.Itwasemptyandifanalternativeusewasn’tfound,itwouldbepulleddown.“Westartedlookingforideas,andwewentandproposeddoingthis,”JanNelsaid.“Andtheylovedit.”Aftertheproposalwasaccepted,thefamilyworkedtogethertopreparethebuildinginJanuary2019andtheyplantedthefirstseedsinjustoneclassroomthenextmonth.Thecompanyhasgrownandisnowusingseveralroomsthankstothequalityoftheproduceandthefactthatitislocal,accordingtoJuneNel.“It’snottwoweeksold;ithasn’ttravelledacrossthecountryoracrosstheworld,”shesaid.“Itactuallytasteslikelettuce.Lotsofpeoplehavecommentedonourherbs.Itactuallystilltastesfreshwhenyougetit,andthere’snopesticideused.”Sheexpectsmoreproducerstoturntohydroponicsinthefuturebutnotesthatthetechnologyislimitedtoonlysomefruitsandvegetablesanddoesn’tworkforpotatoesorgrains.“It’snottheanswertothefoodsecurityquestionorchallenge,butitwillplayanincreasinglylargerrole,”sheadds.24.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.VegetablesareplentifulinSaskatchewan.B.PeopleinSaskatchewancan’tgetfreshvegetables.C.HydroponicfarmsareverypopularinSaskatchewan.D.TheclimateinSaskatchewanisnotgoodforfarming.25.Whatdidthefarmusetobe?A.Asupermarket. B.Aschool.C.Agarden. D.Afactory.26.WhatisthebiggestadvantageoftheNels’vegetables?A.Theyarecheap. B.Theyarefresh.C.Theyarenutritive. D.Theyaredelicious.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewWayHelpsDealwithFoodSecurityB.AFamilyDevotetoImprovingPeople’sLifeC.AUsedSchoolTurnsintoaHydroponicFarmD.AnInnovativePracticeBooststheFutureofFarming【答案】24.D25.B26.B27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了加拿大的Nels一家將一個(gè)廢棄的學(xué)校改造為水培農(nóng)場的故事?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“InSaskatchewan,Canada,vegetableshaveashortgrowingseason.(在加拿大的薩斯喀徹溫省，蔬菜的生長季節(jié)很短)”可知，Saskatchewan的氣候不太適合農(nóng)業(yè)種植。故選D?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“TheideatoturnthenolongerusedStewartHawkeschoolintoafarmcametotheNelswhenHudsonBayaskedforbids(投標(biāo))forthebuildingin2018.(2018年，當(dāng)哈德遜灣對(duì)這棟建筑進(jìn)行招標(biāo)時(shí)，尼爾斯家族萌生了將不再使用的斯圖爾特·霍克學(xué)校改造成農(nóng)場的想法)”可知，這個(gè)水培農(nóng)場過去是一個(gè)學(xué)校。故選B。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Produceisavailableinlocalsupermarketsbutitistruckedinfromfaraway.(農(nóng)產(chǎn)品在當(dāng)?shù)爻芯湍苜I到，但都是從很遠(yuǎn)的地方用卡車運(yùn)來的)”和第五段最后一句中“Itactuallystilltastesfreshwhenyougetit,andthere’snopesticideused.(當(dāng)你拿到它的時(shí)候，它嘗起來仍然很新鮮，而且沒有使用農(nóng)藥)”可知，最大優(yōu)勢(shì)是蔬菜很新鮮。故選B?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“TheideatoturnthenolongerusedStewartHawkeschoolintoafarmcametotheNelswhenHudsonBayaskedforbids(投標(biāo))forthebuildingin2018.(2018年，當(dāng)哈德遜灣對(duì)這棟建筑進(jìn)行招標(biāo)時(shí)，尼爾斯家族萌生了將不再使用的斯圖爾特·霍克學(xué)校改造成農(nóng)場的想法)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了加拿大的Nels一家將一個(gè)廢棄的學(xué)校改造為一個(gè)水培農(nóng)場的故事。因此選項(xiàng)C“一個(gè)舊學(xué)校變成了一個(gè)水培農(nóng)場”為本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選C。CWeknowthatspendinglotsoftimesittingdownisn’tgoodforus,butjusthowmuchexerciseisneededtomatchthenegativehealtheffectsofsittingdownallday?Researchsuggestsabout30—40minutesperdayofbuildingupasweatshoulddoit.Upto40minutesof“moderate(溫和的)tovigorous(有力的)intensityphysicalactivity”everydayisabouttherightamounttobalanceout10hoursofsittingstill,theresearchsays—althoughanyamountofexerciseorevenjuststandinguphelpstosomeextent.That’sbasedonastudypublishedin2020analyzingninepreviousstudies,involvingatotalof44,370peopleinfourdifferentcountrieswhowerewearingsomeformoffitnesstracker.Theanalysisfoundtheriskofdeathamongthosewithamoresedentary(久坐的)lifestylewentupastimespentengaginginmoderate-to-vigorousintensityphysicalactivitywentdown.Inotherwords,puttinginsomereasonablyintensiveactivities—cycling,briskwalking,gardening—canloweryourriskofanearlierdeath.Whileanalyseslikethisonealwaysrequiresomedetaileddot-joiningacrossseparatestudieswithdifferentvolunteers,timescalesandconditions,thebenefitofthisparticularpieceofresearchisthatitreliedonrelativelyobjectivedatafromwearables—notdataself-reportedbytheparticipants.Theresearchbasedonfitnesstrackersisbroadlyinlinewiththe2020WHOguidelines,whichrecommend150—300minsofmoderateintensityor75—150minsofvigorousintensityphysicalactivityeveryweektobalanceoutsedentarybehaviour.Walkingupthestairsinsteadoftakingthelift,playingwithchildrenandpets,takingpartinyogaordancing,doinghouseholdchores,walking,andcyclingareallputforwardaswaysinwhichpeoplecanbemoreactive—andifyoucan’tmanagethe30—40minutesrightaway,theresearcherssay,startoffsmall.28.Howdoestheauthorstartthetext?A.Bytellingstories. B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Byraisingquestions.29.Whatdidtheresearchfind?A.Thelongeryousitstill,theearlieryouwilldie.B.Themoreyouexercise,thehealthieryouwillbe.C.Productivitycanbeimprovedthroughphysicalactivities.D.Properintensiveactivitieshelpreducetheriskofearlierdeath.30.Whyistheresearchreliable?A.It’sbasedonpreviousstudies.B.Itsdataisrelativelyobjective.C.It’scarriedoutindifferentcountries.D.Itsdataisfromtheparticipants’reports.31.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toanalyzetheriskofsittingstill.B.Torecommendahealthylifestyle.C.Toinspirepeopletodomoreexercise.D.Toshowbenefitsofphysicalactivities.【答案】28.D29.D30.B31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了我們應(yīng)該需要多少鍛煉來抵消我們久坐所造成的負(fù)面影響，從而鼓勵(lì)人們多參加鍛煉?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題，根據(jù)第一段第一句“Weknowthatspendinglotsoftimesittingdownisn’tgoodforusbutjusthowmuchexerciseisneededtomatchthenegativehealtheffectsofsittingdownallday?”（我們知道花很多時(shí)間坐著對(duì)我們沒有好處，但我們知道需要多少運(yùn)動(dòng)才能應(yīng)對(duì)整天坐著對(duì)健康的負(fù)面影響）可知，本文以設(shè)問的方式開篇。故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Inotherwords,puttinginsomereasonablyintensiveactivities—cycling,briskwalking,gardening—canloweryourriskofanearlierdeath.”（換句話說，進(jìn)行一些強(qiáng)度合理的活動(dòng)——騎自行車、快走、園藝——可以降低你過早死亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）可知，這個(gè)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)恰當(dāng)?shù)母邚?qiáng)度活動(dòng)有助于減少早亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第四段中“thebenefitofthisparticularpieceofresearchisthatitreliedonrelativelyobjectivedatafromwearables—notdataself-reportedbytheparticipants”（這項(xiàng)研究的好處是，它依賴于可穿戴設(shè)備的相對(duì)客觀的數(shù)據(jù)，而不是參與者自我報(bào)告的數(shù)據(jù)）可知，這個(gè)調(diào)查可信是因?yàn)樗臄?shù)據(jù)相對(duì)來說更客觀。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題，根據(jù)文章最后一段“Walkingupthestairsinsteadoftakingthelift，playingwithchildrenandpets，takingpartinyogaordancing,doinghouseholdchores,walking,andcyclingareallputforwardaswaysinwhichpeoplecanbemoreactive—andifyoucan’tmanagethe30—40minutesrightaway,theresearcherssay,startoffsmall.”（研究人員表示，走樓梯而不是乘電梯、與兒童和寵物玩耍、參加瑜伽或舞蹈、做家務(wù)、散步和騎自行車都是人們更活躍的方式——如果你不能馬上完成30-40分鐘，那就從小處著手。）可知，本文的主要目的是通過介紹我們應(yīng)該需要多少鍛煉來抵消我們久坐所造成的負(fù)面影響來鼓勵(lì)我們多參加鍛煉。故選C項(xiàng)。DPlasticpollutionhasbecomeanunfortunatefactoflifeallovertheworld—includingintheoceans.Whileallthatjunkfloatingaroundcanposeaseriousthreattomanyanimalsanewstudyfindssomespeciesmayhaveactuallyturneditintoanentirelynewecosystem!TheNorthPacific“GarbagePatch”isahugeareaintheoceanwherealotofplasticwastegetsstuck.However,it’snotjustwastesthatgetcaughtupinthismess.ResearchersfromGeorgetownUniversityfoundthatmanyseacreatureslikejellyfish,snails,andbarnaclesalsolivethere.In2018and2019,scientistscollected105piecesofplasticfromthepatch,andfound46differentspeciesofinvertebrates(無脊椎動(dòng)物)livingonthem.About80％ofthosespeciesnormallylivenearthecoastratherthaninthemiddleofanocean.Theresearchersalsofoundthatthesespecieshavebeenbreedingonthepatch—meaningtheremaynowbeapermanentcommunityofcoastalspeciesinthemiddleoftheocean.LeadauthorLinseyHaramsaidthatit’snotyetknownhowthiswillaffecttheoceanecosystem.Butshesaidthecoastalspeciesarelikelycompetingforfoodwithoceanspecies,andtheymayalsobeeatingeachother.TheGreatPacificGarbagePatchisoneofthefiveareasofgarbagethathaveformedinthemiddleofhugecircularoceancurrentscalledgyres(環(huán)流).AnothergarbagepatchisintheSouthPacific,twoareintheAtlanticOcean,andthefifthisintheIndianOcean.A2018studyoftheGreatPacificGarbagePatchfoundthataboutone-thirdofgarbagethatcouldbelinkedtoJapan.Upto20％ofgarbageaddedsince2011wascreatedbythehugetsunamithathitnorthernJapanthatyear,thestudysaid.32.Whatmakestheplasticwastegetstuckinthegarbagepatch?A.Climatechange. B.Humanactivities.C.Seacreatureslivingthere. D.Hugecircularoceancurrents.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“breeding”inParagraph3mean?A.Reproducing. B.Restoring.C.Revising. D.Refreshing.34.WhydoestheauthormentionJapaninthelastparagraph?A.ToblameJapanforpollutingtheocean.B.Toindicateoneofthesourcesofthegarbage.C.Tostresstheresponsibilityofsomecountries.D.Tosuggestcluesthathelpwiththeplasticpollution.35.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Education. B.Economy.C.Environment. D.Entertainment.【答案】32.D33.A34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在塑料污染的影響下，海洋中形成了新的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段首句“TheNorthPacific‘GarbagePatch’isahugeareaintheoceanwherealotofplasticwastegetsstuck.(北太平洋“垃圾帶”是海洋中一個(gè)巨大的區(qū)域，大量塑料垃圾被困在這里。)”以及第五段首句“TheGreatPacificGarbagePatchisoneofthefiveareasofgarbagethathaveformedinthemiddleofhugecircularoceancurrentscalledgyres.(大太平洋垃圾帶是在被稱為大洋環(huán)流的巨大環(huán)流中間形成的五個(gè)垃圾區(qū)之一。)”可知，塑料垃圾卡在垃圾堆里是由巨大的環(huán)形洋流造成的。故選D。2.詞句猜測(cè)題。聯(lián)系下文“theremaynowbeapermanentcommunityofcoastalspeciesinthemiddleoftheocean(現(xiàn)在海洋中央可能有一個(gè)永久的沿海物種群落。)”可知，此處指“這些物種在這里生息繁衍?！笨芍狝選項(xiàng)Reproducing(繁殖)符合題意。故選A。3.推理判斷題。閱讀文章最后一段“A2018studyoftheGreatPacificGarbagePatchfoundthataboutone-thirdofgarbagethatcouldbelinkedtoJapan.Upto20％ofgarbageaddedsince2011wascreatedbythehugetsunamithathitnorthernJapanthatyear，thestudysaid.(2018年對(duì)大太平洋垃圾帶的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，大約三分之一的垃圾可能與日本有關(guān)。研究稱，自2011年以來，多達(dá)20%的垃圾是由當(dāng)年襲擊日本北部的巨大海嘯造成的。)”可知，文章作者只是客觀地描述了部分垃圾來源與發(fā)生在日本的海嘯有關(guān)。故選B。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Plasticpollutionhasbecomeanunfortunatefactoflifeallovertheworld—includingintheoceans.Whileallthatjunkfloatingaroundcanposeaseriousthreattomanyanimals,anewstudyfindssomespeciesmayhaveactuallyturneditintoanentirelynewecosystem!(塑料污染已經(jīng)成為全世界生活中的一個(gè)不幸事實(shí)，包括在海洋中。雖然所有漂浮在周圍的垃圾都會(huì)對(duì)許多動(dòng)物構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅，但一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，一些物種實(shí)際上可能已經(jīng)將其變成了一個(gè)全新的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)！)”并且閱讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了在塑料污染的影響下，海洋中形成了新的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。因此本文應(yīng)該來自一份報(bào)紙的環(huán)境板塊。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoTeachTimeManagementSkillstoTeensTeensusuallyhavefairlystructuredschedules.Theirschooldayandtheirafter-schoolactivitiesareplannedoutforthem.Asaresult,manyofthemdon’tlearnhowtomanagetheirtimewiselywhentheyhavesomedowntime.____36____.Adviseyourteentowritedownhisschedule.Yourteen’stimemayeasilygettakenupwithvideogamesorsocialmediaifhe’snotcareful.Teachhimtoschedulehisdaysohecansetasidetimeforchores(瑣事),homework,andotherresponsibilities.____37____,sotimedoesn’tidlypasswithoutfeelinglikehehasn’tdoneanythingfun.____38____.Whetherit’saplannerthatyourteenwriteseverythinginoranappthatmanagesyourteen’sschedule,helpyourteenfindthetoolsthatwillworkbestforhim.Talkabouttheimportanceofcreatingascheduleandusingliststomanagehistimewisely.Helphimtosetgoals.____39____.Then,helphimidentifyhowmuchtimehe’llneedtoworkonthatgoaleachday.Whetherhewantstoexercisefor30minutes3timeseachweekorhedecidestoapplyforscholarshipsoneSaturdayafternooneachmonth,goalsettingisagreatwaytohelphimmanagehistime.Helpyourteenprioritizeactivities.It’scommonforteenstohaveconflictsintheirschedules.Abasketballgame,birthdayparty,andchurchactivitymayallcoincide(同時(shí)發(fā)生).___40___,basedonhisvaluesandcommitments.Setlimitsonelectronics.Yourteenmaywastecountlesshoursonsocialmediaorplayingvideogamesifshe’snotcareful.Establishrulesthathelphercreatehealthyhabitswithhercellphoneandotherdigitaldevices.A.ModelgoodtimemanagementhabitsB.GiveyourteentimemanagementtoolsC.PractisemanagingyourowntimewiselyD.EncouragehimtoschedulefreetimeaswellE.TalktoyourteenabouthowtoprioritizeactivitiesF.HerearesomestepsyoucantaketoteachyourteenG.Talktoyourteenaboutthepersonalgoalshewantstoreach【答案】36.F37.D38.B39.G40.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了家長如何教青少年時(shí)間管理技能?！?6題詳解】前文“Asaresult,manyofthemdon’tlearnhowtomanagetheirtimewiselywhentheyhavesomedowntime.(因此，他們中的許多人沒有學(xué)會(huì)如何在休息時(shí)間明智地管理他們的時(shí)間)”指出很多孩子不會(huì)管理自己的時(shí)間，后文段落給出具體的教孩子管理時(shí)間的方法，因此F項(xiàng)“Herearesomestepsyoucantaketoteachyourteen(這里有一些教你孩子的步驟)”承接前文，引出后文的方法，符合語境。故選F?！?7題詳解】前文“Teachhimtoschedulehisdaysohecansetasidetimeforchores(瑣事),homework,andotherresponsibilities.(教他安排好自己的一天，這樣他就能留出時(shí)間做家務(wù)、做作業(yè)和其他責(zé)任)”提出教孩子安排好去做必做之事的時(shí)間，后文“sotimedoesn’tidlypasswithoutfeelinglikehehasn’tdoneanythingfun(所以他不會(huì)覺得自己沒有做過任何有趣的事情)”談到做好某件事后的良好結(jié)果，因此D項(xiàng)“Encouragehimtoschedulefreetimeaswell(也鼓勵(lì)他安排空閑時(shí)間)”提出讓孩子安排好空閑時(shí)間，和前文是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，引出后文的良好結(jié)果，符合語境，其中的freetime和后文的fun呼應(yīng)。故選D?！?8題詳解】空處位于段首，是段落主旨句，需統(tǒng)領(lǐng)段落內(nèi)容，且需和其他段首句一樣使用祈使句的形式。后文“Whetherit’saplannerthatyourteenwriteseverythinginoranappthatmanagesyourteen’sschedule,helpyourteenfindthetoolsthatwillworkbestforhim.Talkabouttheimportanceofcreatingascheduleandusingliststomanagehistimewisely.(無論是一個(gè)你的孩子寫所有事情的計(jì)劃表，還是一個(gè)管理你的孩子日程安排的應(yīng)用程序，幫助你的孩子找到最適合他的工具。談?wù)勚贫〞r(shí)間表和使用清單來明智地管理時(shí)間的重要性)”主要和安排時(shí)間的工具相關(guān)，因此B項(xiàng)“Giveyourteentimemanagementtools(給你的孩子時(shí)間管理工具)”符合語境，契合后文內(nèi)容，其中的tools在后文有同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選B。【39題詳解】前文“Helphimtosetgoals.(幫助他設(shè)定目標(biāo))”表明本段和設(shè)定目標(biāo)相關(guān)，后文“Then,helphimidentifyhowmuchtimehe’llneedtoworkonthatgoaleachday.(然后，幫助他確定他每天需要花多少時(shí)間來實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目標(biāo))”提到第二步是確定具體的時(shí)間，因此G項(xiàng)“Talktoyourteenaboutthepersonalgoalshewantstoreach(和你的孩子談?wù)勊脒_(dá)到的個(gè)人目標(biāo))”符合語境，建議先討論目標(biāo)，可作為第一步，承前啟后，其中的goals在前后文有同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選G?！?0題詳解】前文“It’scommonforteenstohaveconflictsintheirschedules.Abasketballgame,birthdayparty,andchurchactivitymayallcoincide(同時(shí)發(fā)生).(青少年在日程安排上有沖突是很常見的?；@球比賽、生日聚會(huì)和教堂活動(dòng)可能同時(shí)進(jìn)行)”指出青少年常會(huì)面臨安排有沖突的情況，后文“basedonhisvaluesandcommitments(基于他的價(jià)值觀和承諾)”提到價(jià)值觀和承諾，因此E項(xiàng)“Talktoyourteenabouthowtoprioritizeactivities(和你的孩子談?wù)勅绾蝺?yōu)先安排活動(dòng))”符合語境，指出需談?wù)剝?yōu)先安排活動(dòng)的方法，承前啟后，后文是對(duì)選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容的補(bǔ)充。故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ZorawokeupearlyonSaturdaymorning,____41____forherlong-awaitedtriptothemallwithherfriends.Theyhadplannedthisshoppingspree(狂歡)forweeksandshehadbeen____42____thedays.Zoraalwayshadone____43____itemsheplannedtobuyforhermum.Astheywalkedpastafabricsstore,Zora’seyes____44____up.Shehadbeensavingupformonthstobuyasewingmachineforhermumtohelppatch(縫補(bǔ))____45____,andsheknewthisstorecarriedit.Shedraggedherfriendsinside,andassoonasshe____46____thesewingmachine,sheknewitwastheone.ButwhenZoracheckedthe____47____tag(標(biāo)簽),herheartsank.Itwasmuchmoreexpensivethanshehad____48____.Shestartedtofeeldisappointedandconsideredgivinguponher____49____ofhelpinghermum.Herfriendsnoticedher____50____anddecidedtohelpher.Theytookoutsomemoneyandencouragedhertobuyit,tellingherhowmuchhermum____51____it.Withtheir____52____,Zoradecidedtospendonthesewingmachine,andasshewalkedoutofthestore,shefeltasenseofprideand____53____.Therestofthedayflewby,andtheyheadedbackh