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Part1單元語(yǔ)法講義--過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)Part2讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)素材--各種“說(shuō)”的表達(dá)Part3單元語(yǔ)法+讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)即時(shí)檢測(cè)必修二Unit4HistoryandTraditionsPart1單元語(yǔ)法講義--過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)一、過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)1.過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的位置(1)前置定語(yǔ)一般狀況下,單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞作前置定語(yǔ),即放在所修飾詞之前。Thepollutedwaterwastoblameforthespreadofcholera.被污染的水造成了霍亂的傳播。[名師點(diǎn)津]①有些過(guò)去分詞表示特定含義時(shí),單獨(dú)作定語(yǔ)也放在所修飾的名詞之后,如left(剩余的),given(所給的),concerned(有關(guān)的)等。Therearefewtigersleft.Itistimeforthedepartmentsconcernedtotakemeasurestoprotectthemfromdyingout.剩余的老虎不多了,是相關(guān)部門(mén)實(shí)行措施愛(ài)護(hù)它們免遭滅亡的時(shí)候了。②假如被修飾的詞是由every/some/any/no與body/one所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞或指示代詞those等,單個(gè)分詞放在被修飾詞的后面。Isthereanythingunsolved?還有沒(méi)有未解決的問(wèn)題?Heisoneofthoseinvited.他是那些被邀請(qǐng)的人之一。(2)后置定語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)往往作后置定語(yǔ),即放在所修飾詞之后,它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。LastTuesdayinamountainousarea,therewereatotalof173sheepkilledalmostimmediately(=whichwerekilledalmostimmediately)whenlightningstruck.上周二在一個(gè)山區(qū),有173只羊在被閃電擊中時(shí)即刻死亡。2.過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的意義(1)及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),在語(yǔ)態(tài)上表示被動(dòng);在時(shí)間上,常表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成,有時(shí)也不表示時(shí)間性。Heisateacherrespectedbyall.他是一位人人敬重的老師。(teacher和respect之間是規(guī)律上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系)Thehighbuildingbuiltlastyearisourlibrary.去年建的那座高樓是我們的圖書(shū)館。(built表示被動(dòng)和完成)(2)不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),它不表示被動(dòng)意義,只強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成。Thegroundiscoveredwiththefallenleavesinautumn.秋天,地面被落葉掩蓋。3.過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)分意義形式語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)過(guò)去分詞被動(dòng)完成現(xiàn)在分詞主動(dòng)進(jìn)行Asweallknow,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.眾所周知,中國(guó)是一個(gè)進(jìn)展中國(guó)家。Thevisitorcamefromadevelopedcountry.這位游客來(lái)自一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。4.過(guò)去分詞(done)、現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(beingdone)與動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(tobedone)作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)分意義形式語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)done被動(dòng)完成beingdone被動(dòng)進(jìn)行tobedone被動(dòng)尚未發(fā)生Thebuildingbuiltlastyearisourclassroombuilding.去年建筑的樓是我們的教學(xué)樓。Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisourclassroombuilding.現(xiàn)在正在建筑的樓是我們的教學(xué)樓。Thebuildingtobebuiltnextmonthisourclassroombuilding.下個(gè)月將要建筑的樓是我們的教學(xué)樓。二、過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)能夠接過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有以下三類(lèi):1.表示感覺(jué)或心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。如:see,watch,observe,lookat,hear,listento,feel,notice,think等。(1)IheardthesongsunginEnglish.我聽(tīng)到有人用英語(yǔ)唱過(guò)這首歌。(2)Hefoundhishometowngreatlychanged.他發(fā)覺(jué)他的家鄉(xiāng)變化很大。2.表示“致使”意義的動(dòng)詞。如:have,make,get,keep,leave等。(3)I'llhavemyhaircuttomorrow.明天我要理發(fā)。(4)Hegothistoothpulledoutyesterday.他昨天把牙拔了。(5)Don'tleavethosethingsundone.要把那些事情做完。3.表示“期望”、“要求”意義的動(dòng)詞。如:like,order,want,wish等。(6)Iwouldlikethismattersettledatonce.我期望此事馬上得到解決。(7)Iwishmyhomeworkfinishedbeforefiveo'clock.我期望5點(diǎn)前完成我的作業(yè)。過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示的意義。1.過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系,其動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作。如例句(1),過(guò)去分詞sung的動(dòng)作明顯先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作heard;例句(2),過(guò)去分詞changed的動(dòng)作明顯先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作found。2.過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)時(shí),過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作肯定和賓語(yǔ)有規(guī)律上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。如例句(4),動(dòng)賓關(guān)系是pullouthistooth;例句(6),動(dòng)賓關(guān)系是settlethismatter。過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)時(shí),要留意幾種狀況。1.使役動(dòng)詞have接過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)有兩種狀況。第一,過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由他人完成。如:Hehadhismoneystolen.他的錢(qián)給偷了。(被別人偷去了)其次,過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由句中的主語(yǔ)所經(jīng)受。如:Hehadhislegbroken.他的腿斷了。(自己的經(jīng)受)2.過(guò)去分詞在原句中作賓補(bǔ)時(shí),假如原句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),那么過(guò)去分詞就在新句中作主補(bǔ)了。如:Thebigfireisreportedcontrolled.據(jù)報(bào)道這場(chǎng)大火已經(jīng)得到把握。Themeetingroomwasfoundthouroughlycleanedandeverythingarrangedingoodorder.人們發(fā)覺(jué)會(huì)議室被徹底打掃了,一切都布置得井井有條。Part2讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)素材--各種“說(shuō)”的表達(dá)一、各種“說(shuō)”replied回答道continued連續(xù)說(shuō)道sobbed抽噎著說(shuō)demanded要求道asked問(wèn)道commanded要求道suggested建議道thought想道answered回答道remarked說(shuō)道agreed同意道repeated重復(fù)道begged懇求道pleaded[?pli:d?d]懇求;懇求ordered命令道announced宣布began開(kāi)頭說(shuō)道explained解釋道chuckled[?t??kld]笑著說(shuō)sighed[sa?d]嘆著氣說(shuō)corrected訂正道cautioned[?k?:?nd]告誡;提示sneered[sn??d]稱(chēng)贊;不屑地說(shuō)mimicked[?m?m?kt]仿照retorted生氣反問(wèn)道[r??t?:t?d]whispered小聲說(shuō)道breathed輕聲說(shuō)grunted[?ɡr?nt?d]咕噥;嘟噥mumbled[?m?mbld]口齒不清地說(shuō)groaned[ɡr??nd]不興奮地低聲說(shuō);咕噥;呻吟murmured[?m??m?d]低語(yǔ);喃喃細(xì)語(yǔ);連續(xù)發(fā)出低沉的聲音;(私下)發(fā)怨言,發(fā)牢騷complained埋怨道m(xù)oaned[m??nd]埋怨;發(fā)牢騷grumbled[?ɡr?mbld]發(fā)牢騷muttered[?m?t?d]嘀咕;嘟囔;(私下)埋怨,發(fā)牢騷gabbled[?ɡ?bld]急促而含混不清地說(shuō);哇哩哇啦地說(shuō)著gasped[ɡɑ:sp]氣喘吁吁地說(shuō)yelled大喊道cried大喊;大叫called叫道shouted大喊;大叫screamed尖叫道shrieked[?ri:kt]尖叫hollered[?h?l?d]大叫道snarled[snɑ:ld]咆哮;不耐煩地說(shuō)snapped[sn?pt]厲聲說(shuō);怒氣沖沖地說(shuō);不耐煩地說(shuō)bellowed[?bel??d]吼道growled[ɡra?ld]低聲吼叫二、修飾“說(shuō)”的副詞與短語(yǔ)sadly難過(guò)地bitterly難過(guò)地gloomily[?ɡlu:mili]愁?lèi)灥豷ourly[?sa??(r)li]不友善地briskly輕快地;活潑地sweetly歡快地brightly快活?yuàn)^興地說(shuō)proudly傲慢地politely禮貌地dreamily神情恍惚地quietly輕聲地;溫存地softly輕輕地;溫存地;嚴(yán)峻地gently溫存地;溫存地eagerly渴望地;熱切地vaguely[?ve?ɡli]心不在焉模糊地lightly漫不經(jīng)心地;滿不在乎地triumphantly[tra?'?mf?ntli]得意洋洋地slowly漸漸地sternly[?st?:nli]嚴(yán)峻地;嚴(yán)峻?地;hoarsely[?h?:sli]嘶啞地說(shuō)道m(xù)eekly[?mi:kli]溫存地;逆來(lái)順受地thoughtfully若有所思地inakindvoice以親切的聲音inaweakvoice以微弱的聲音inaloud,firmvoice以洪亮、堅(jiān)決的聲音inasharpvoice尖細(xì)刺耳的聲音inasweet,musicalvoice以她甜蜜動(dòng)聽(tīng)的嗓音inalowvoice小聲;低聲地inanimportantvoice以重要的聲音inahusky[?h?ski]voice低沉嘶啞地輕聲說(shuō)話inacomfortingvoice以勸慰的聲音inhissurly[?s?:li]voice用粗暴的聲音inapompous[?p?mp?s]voice以浮夸地聲音inabig,heartyvoice以飽滿的聲音inawhisper低聲地indisgust厭惡地inamazement吃驚地indesperation無(wú)望地Part3單元語(yǔ)法+讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)即時(shí)檢測(cè)一、單句語(yǔ)法填空1.(2024高三下·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))Thankstotheanimalcells,thisnewpinkricecouldonedaybecomeacompletemealbyitself,(guarantee)asufficient,sustainablefoodsupplyforthewholeworld.【答案】guaranteeing【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:由于含有動(dòng)物細(xì)胞,這種新型粉色大米有朝一日可能會(huì)成為一頓完整的飯菜,為全球供應(yīng)充分、可持續(xù)的食物供應(yīng)。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞擔(dān)當(dāng)狀語(yǔ),指的是主句一句話所導(dǎo)致的自然而然的結(jié)果,用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填guaranteeing。(2024高三·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))Theonlyway(keep)himcalmwasbysinging.【答案】tokeep【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:讓他保持冷靜的唯一方法是唱歌。thewaytodosth.“做某事的方法”,為固定用法。故填tokeep。3.(2024高三·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))Ilearnedthiswhile(take)careofaseagullunfortunateenoughtoswallowahook.【答案】taking【詳解】考查狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略。句意:我學(xué)到以上這些是在我照看一只不夠走運(yùn)吞了掛鉤的海鷗期間。while引導(dǎo)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)全都,為I,I與takecareof之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,還原完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)為“whileIwastakingcareof…”,從句中主語(yǔ)與be動(dòng)詞可以省略,其省略形式為“whiletakingcareof…”。故填taking。4.(2024高三·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))OneStyrofoamcuptakesmorethan1millionyears(recycle)inalandfill,accordingtoClevelandStateUniversity.【答案】torecycle【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:據(jù)克利夫蘭州立高校稱(chēng),一個(gè)聚苯乙烯杯子填埋之后需要100多萬(wàn)年時(shí)間才能降解。此處用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)takesometimetodosth.表示“花……時(shí)間做某事”,為固定結(jié)構(gòu),設(shè)空處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞不定式。故填torecycle。5.(2024高三下·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))IwasincrediblyfortunatetojourneythroughthecitiesofSuzhouandNanjing,bothofwhichleftmefascinatedwiththeirtrueimpressivenessandeagerly(long)toexplorefurther.【答案】longing【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:我格外幸運(yùn)地穿越了蘇州和南京,這兩個(gè)城市都讓我著迷于它們真正令人印象深刻的地方,并渴望進(jìn)一步探究。動(dòng)詞left后接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞long和賓語(yǔ)me之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用其現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故填longing。6.(2024高三下·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))(engage)myselfinthelocalindustrialatmosphere,Ichoseahotelinthe“industrialpark”,wherethecoexistenceofadvancedmanufacturingandnaturalbeautywasmostevident,asitwassituatedontheedgeofasceniclake,embracedbyavibrantlandscape.【答案】Toengage【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:為了融入當(dāng)?shù)氐墓I(yè)氛圍,我選擇了一家位于“工業(yè)園區(qū)”的酒店,在這里,先進(jìn)的制造業(yè)與自然美景的共存最為明顯,由于它坐落在風(fēng)景秀麗的湖邊,四周環(huán)圍著布滿活力的景觀。依據(jù)句意可知,此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ),表示“為了”。句首字母大寫(xiě),故填Toengage。7.(2024高三下·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))Theagencydirectorsaysthattheywillfocustheirresourceson(educate)thehomeless.“Wewillprobablybuildanotherschool-homewiththismoney,”hesaid.【答案】educating【詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意:該機(jī)構(gòu)負(fù)責(zé)人表示,他們將把資源集中在教育無(wú)家可歸者上?!拔覀兛赡軙?huì)用這筆錢(qián)再建一所學(xué)校,”他說(shuō)。介詞后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),故填educating。8.(2024高三下·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))Oneagency,basedinWoodbridge,isexpected(receive)$1.5million.【答案】toreceive【詳解】考查不定式。句意:一家位于伍德布里奇(Woodbridge)的機(jī)構(gòu)估計(jì)將獲得150萬(wàn)美元。beexpectedtodosth.“被估計(jì)……”,用不定式作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),故填toreceive。9.(2024高三·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))Tobetterunderstandthewildlifefoundhere,WildwatchKenyaseeks(identify)andtrackthegiraffesinconservationfieldsites.【答案】toidentify【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:為了更好地了解這里的野生動(dòng)物,肯尼亞野生觀看組織試圖識(shí)別和追蹤愛(ài)護(hù)區(qū)的長(zhǎng)頸鹿。seektodo是固定搭配,意為“試圖做某事”,用不定式作賓語(yǔ)。故填toidentify。10.(2024高三下·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))Earthenhousesaremadeofearth,stone,bambooandwood,allreadilyavailablematerialswhichareused(form)wallsupto6feetthick.【答案】toform【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:土屋是由泥土、石頭、竹子和木頭制成的,全部這些材料都是現(xiàn)成的,用來(lái)建筑高達(dá)6英尺厚的墻壁。sth.beusedtodo表示“某物被用來(lái)做”,應(yīng)用form“構(gòu)成,形成”的不定式形式,作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填toform。11.(2024高三·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))Theydeclaredthatclothes(make)ofitcanbeusedtotransformthetemperatureofthehumanbodyintoelectricalenergy,whichcandriveelectronicdevices.【答案】made【詳解】考查過(guò)去分詞。句意:他們宣稱(chēng),用它制作的衣服可以用來(lái)將人體的溫度轉(zhuǎn)化為電能,從而驅(qū)動(dòng)電子設(shè)備。依據(jù)句意分析句子可知,空格處應(yīng)當(dāng)填入一個(gè)過(guò)去分詞用來(lái)作定語(yǔ)修飾前面的名詞clothes。故填made。12.(2024高三下·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))They’reexceptionalexamplesofabuildingtraditionandfunction(represent)aparticulartypeofgrouplivinganddefensiveorganizationinaharmoniousrelationshipwiththeirenvironment.【答案】representing【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:它們是建筑傳統(tǒng)和功能的特殊例子,代表了一種特定類(lèi)型的群體生活和防備組織,與他們的環(huán)境保持著和諧的關(guān)系。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,abuildingtraditionandfunction與represent“代表”之間是規(guī)律上的主謂關(guān)系,用現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng),作后置定語(yǔ)。故填representing。13.(2024高三·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))Youhavetobeveryfitandstrong(do)“hard”martialarts.【答案】todo【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:你必需格外健康和強(qiáng)壯才能練“硬”武術(shù)。be+adj.+todosth.為固定結(jié)構(gòu),空處缺少不定式作狀語(yǔ)。故填todo。14.(2024高三上·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))Youmightalsofindgreenslikelettuce(生菜)(decorate)thesandwich【答案】decorating【詳解】10.考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意:你也可能會(huì)找到一些象生菜之類(lèi)的點(diǎn)綴三明治的綠色蔬菜。用現(xiàn)在分詞decorating作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞greens,與該詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填decorating。15.(23-24高三上·福建·開(kāi)學(xué)考試)Themedicinehasprovedsomewhateffective,butfurthertestingremains(conduct).【答案】tobeconducted【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:這種藥物已被證明有肯定的療效,但進(jìn)一步的測(cè)試仍有待進(jìn)行。本句謂語(yǔ)為remains,此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,testing與conduct“進(jìn)行,組織,實(shí)施”為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,remaintobedone“仍有待完成”,應(yīng)用不定式的被動(dòng)形式。故填tobeconducted。16.(2024高三·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))LearningChinesehelpsthemseelifefromanewperspectiveand(broad)theirmindstotheoutsideworld.【答案】broaden【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)可以掛念他們從一個(gè)新的角度看生活,開(kāi)闊他們對(duì)外部世界的視野。分析句子可知,此處用固定短語(yǔ)helpsb.dosth.表示“掛念某人做某事”,應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞broaden“使變寬,擴(kuò)大”的原形,為省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式形式,作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故填broaden。17.(2024高三·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))Forexample,thereisChina’sBeltandRoadInitiative,whichmotivatesmanycountriesalongtheSilkRoad(cooperate)moreclosely.【答案】tocooperate【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:例如,中國(guó)提出的“一帶一路”倡議,推動(dòng)絲綢之路沿線很多國(guó)家加強(qiáng)合作。此處為motivatesb.todosth.表示“推動(dòng)某人做某事”。故填tocooperate。18.(2024高三·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))Keenfortheirsonsanddaughterstosucceedinlife,theysee(be)fluentinasecondorthirdlanguageasanadvantage.【答案】being【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:出于對(duì)子女成功人生的渴望,他們認(rèn)為精通其次或第三語(yǔ)言是一大優(yōu)勢(shì)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),空白處在句子中作賓語(yǔ),使用動(dòng)名詞,故填being。19.(2024高三·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))Now,whenspeakingtoAmericans,whohaveapreferencethedirectstyle,IfoundthatIoftenfailed(get)straighttothepoint.【答案】fortoget【詳解】考查介詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:現(xiàn)在,當(dāng)我和寵愛(ài)直來(lái)直去的美國(guó)人說(shuō)話時(shí),我發(fā)覺(jué)我經(jīng)常不能直接切入主題。固定短語(yǔ):haveapreferencefor“對(duì)……有偏好”,所以第一個(gè)空格處用介詞for;固定搭配:failtodosomething“未能做某事”,不定式作賓語(yǔ)。故填to;toget。(2024高三·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))Seek(understand)theotherperson’semotions,byputting(you)intheirshoesandlookingatthesituationfromtheirperspective.【答案】tounderstandyourself【詳解】考查不定式和反身代詞。句意:試著理解他人的心情,設(shè)身處地,站在他們的角度看問(wèn)題。seektodosth.是固定短語(yǔ),意為“試圖做某事”,因此第一空用不定式tounderstand;其次空所在句子表示“你自己站在他們的角度看問(wèn)題”,其次空意為“你自己”,是yourself。故填tounderstand;yourself。21.(2024高三·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))While(be)knowledgeableaboutbodylanguageisvital,thevalueofemphathyshouldnotbeunderstated.【答案】being【詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意:雖然了解肢體語(yǔ)言是至關(guān)重要的,但同理心的價(jià)值也不應(yīng)被低估?!癬____(be)knowledgeableaboutbodylanguage”在從句中作主語(yǔ),be動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)名詞形式,故填being。22.(2024高三·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))Asmileshowsyouareattentivetotheissues(discuss)whilelookingawaywithyourarms(fold)canindicatedisinterestandcreatedistrustorfriction.【答案】beingdiscussedfolded【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:微笑表明你對(duì)正在爭(zhēng)辯的問(wèn)題很關(guān)注,而雙臂交叉地望向別處則表示不感愛(ài)好,并產(chǎn)生不信任或摩擦。空1修飾名詞issues作定語(yǔ),表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,并且和名詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);空2為with的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),和名詞yourarms之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞。故填①beingdiscussed;②folded。23.(2024高三·全國(guó)·專(zhuān)題練習(xí))Forexample,ifyouareabusinessperson(negotiate)withalargeenterpriseaboutadeal,youshoulddoitfacetoface,usingformallanguageastraightforwardmanner.【答案】negotiatingin【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞和介詞。句意:例如,假如你是一名商務(wù)人士,正在與一家大企業(yè)就一筆交易進(jìn)行談判,你應(yīng)當(dāng)面對(duì)面地進(jìn)行談判,以直截了當(dāng)?shù)姆绞绞褂谜秸Z(yǔ)言。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,第一空為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞person,negotiate與person之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,結(jié)合句意,此處表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,所以第一空使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式negotiating;其次空為固定短語(yǔ)“ina…manner”意為“用……的方式”符合句意,所以此處使用介詞in。故填①negotiating②in。24.(23-24高三上·福建·期末)RealizingthatIwastheonlygirlwhowasnotinvited,Igrewincreasinglyupsetanddisappointedforbeingleft.【答案】out【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意:意識(shí)到我是唯一沒(méi)有被邀請(qǐng)的女孩,我對(duì)被排解在外感到越來(lái)越懊喪和絕望。由“Iwastheonlygirlwhowasnotinvited”可知,句子表示“意識(shí)到我是唯一沒(méi)有被邀請(qǐng)的女孩,我對(duì)被排解在外感到越來(lái)越懊喪和絕望”,“beingleft____”意為“被排解”,leave...out是固定短語(yǔ),意為“排解……”,因此空格處是out,故填out。25.(23-24高三上·福建·期末)Theappkeepsyou(update)onallyourfavoritetopicsandcurrentevents.【答案】updated【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:該應(yīng)用程序更新全部你最寵愛(ài)的話題和時(shí)事。此處update與you構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。故填updated。26.(23-24高三上·福建·期末)(occupy)withscientificresearch,hecouldn’tsparetimetokeepcompanywithhisfamily.【答案】Occupied【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:他忙于科學(xué)爭(zhēng)辯,抽不出時(shí)間來(lái)陪伴家人。主語(yǔ)he與動(dòng)詞occupy“使忙于”構(gòu)成規(guī)律上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,使用過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng),作狀語(yǔ),位于句首,首字母大寫(xiě)。故填Occupied。27.(23-24高三下·全國(guó)·課后作業(yè))Thinking(positive)andconfidently,the(injure)soldiergraduallyrecoveredandmanagedto(strong)hisfriendshipwiththedoctor.【答案】positivelyinjuredstrengthen【詳解】考查副詞、形容詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:這位受傷的士兵樂(lè)觀而自信地思考,漸漸恢復(fù)了健康,并設(shè)法加強(qiáng)了他與醫(yī)生的友情。第一空修飾動(dòng)詞thinking,需填副詞positively,作狀語(yǔ);其次空,“the+形容詞”表示一類(lèi)人,需填形容詞injured;第三空,managetodo為固定搭配,意為“設(shè)法做成某事”,空處需填動(dòng)詞原形strengthen,和to構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞不定式。故填①positively;②injured;③strengthen。28.(23-24高三下·全國(guó)·課后作業(yè))(strength)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia.【答案】Tostrengthen【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:為加強(qiáng)與年輕人的聯(lián)系,活動(dòng)包括多項(xiàng)在社交媒體上進(jìn)行的公眾推廣活動(dòng)。表示“加強(qiáng)”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞strengthen,此處作目的狀語(yǔ)應(yīng)用不定式,首字母大寫(xiě)。故填Tostrengthen。29.(23-24高三下·全國(guó)·課后作業(yè))Itisrecognisedthatpeoplemakingfriendsonlineareafraidofgetting(cheat).【答案】cheated【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:大家都知道,網(wǎng)上交友的人可怕被騙。cheat和people之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ),表被動(dòng)意義,故填cheated。30.(23-24高三下·全國(guó)·課后作業(yè))It’sbeenanhonor(watch)thepandaprogrammedevelopandtoseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.【答案】towatch【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:我很榮幸能看到熊貓節(jié)目的進(jìn)展,也很榮幸能看到熊貓們?cè)谛录野才畔聛?lái)。Itbe+n.+todo...為固定句型,it為形式主語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞不定式為真正的主語(yǔ)。故填towatch。二.(2024·湖南·二模)閱讀下面材料,依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Wehadmovedtoanewtownformyhusband’swork.Afterlivinghereforjustacoupleofweeks,Iwasmorethanreadytopickupmyluggageandmovebackhome.Iwaslonelyforafriend.MyboySamuelwaslonely.Myhusband,Lonny,adaptedjustfine,buthewasoccupiedwithworkmostofthetime.Imissedouroldneighborhood.Ithadbeenlikeacloselyknittedcommunitywhereneighborschattedoverfences.Newcomerswerewelcomedwithchocolatebrownies(巧克力蛋糕)andcarrotbread.Ithadbeeneasytofindfriendsthere.Ournewcommunitywasdifferent.Itseemedthatfamilyrootsgrewdeep.DeepastheMississippiRiverthatflowedpastthistinyrivertown.Breakinginwastough.“I’msoalonehere,”IsaidtoLonnyoneevening.Lonnyisagoodlistener,andaproblemsolver.“Whathaveyoudonetomeetpeople?”heasked.“Igototheparkeveryday.Ievendroppedbyabooksalon(讀書(shū)沙龍)atthelibrarytheotherdayandcameacrossaniceladywithaboy.”“Soundsnotbad,”hesaid.“Didyoutalktoher?”Theanswerwasno.Itwasn’tthatpeopleherewereunkind.Ijustdidn’tfeellikeinitiatingconversations,andIpreferredmindingmyownbusinessinanewenvironment.Afewmoremonthspassedandwintersettledin.Itwasharderthanevertomeetpeople.Ibegantofeelbitter.Iwastiredoftryingtofitinaplacewherewedidn’tbelong.Lonnynoticedmylowspirits.“Amy,youlookunapproachable,withyourarmscrossedandeverything,”hewhisperedinmyearoneafternoon.HeandIweresittingintheyard.Samuel,ourfive-year-oldwasplayingbaseballnexttous.“Itdoesn’tmatter.I’mnotgoingtohavefriendshere.”JustthenSamuellookedup.Hemust’veheardourwhispers.“Mom’sright,Dad.We’llnevereverhavefriendshere.Andwejustwanttogobacktoouroldhome.”Isatthereandlookedatmytinyinnocentson.Hiswordsmirroredmyattitude.AndIdidn’tlikethedisturbingreflection.留意:1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。That’swhenIknewthatIneededanadjustment.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Oneafternoon,SamuelandIranintotheladywithherboyagainatthelibrary.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】參考范文:That’swhenIknewthatIneededanadjustment.Ididn’twantmyboytogrowintoabitterkid.Overthenextfewwee

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