新高考英語三輪沖刺重難點(diǎn)練習(xí)熱點(diǎn)03 閱讀理解（人工智能）押題（解析版）

熱點(diǎn)03閱讀理解（人工智能）押題

縱覽高考命題思路，從來不缺少對科技行業(yè)的關(guān)注和思考。近幾年來，人工智能儼然成為社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)，人工智能在教育領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用也具有巨大潛力。所以考生要熟悉閱讀理解人工智能熱點(diǎn)話題，掌握話題詞匯。預(yù)測2024年高考人工智能仍然可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)在閱讀理解題中。近3年新高考閱讀理解（人工智能）數(shù)據(jù)分析試卷類型年份體裁話題新高考II卷2021說明文澳大利亞一名教授正在開發(fā)一種機(jī)器人，用于監(jiān)測放牧牛的健康狀況。說明文多見于科普文章，用以解釋或揭示事物的狀態(tài)、特征、演變、結(jié)果及其相互之間的關(guān)系，這類文體的文章，首句往往是主題句，開門見山，說明文章的關(guān)注對象,弄清作者的思路和段落組織的方式；把握次要信息及其與主題的關(guān)系。（一）閱讀的方法可以使用以下幾種：1.跳讀：就是快速的一步閱讀法。實(shí)際上是有選擇閱讀，找關(guān)鍵詞。用這種閱讀方法回答who、what、when、where之類的問題最為有效。2.略讀：指比跳讀慢些的二步閱讀法。即泛泛地、粗略地快速閱讀，目的是了解大意，對文章有個(gè)總的概念。此種閱讀方法能回答why、how之類的問題。3.精讀：即最細(xì)致、最慢的深層閱讀方法，目的是求得對所讀文章的全部意義的理解與掌握。（二）在使用閱讀技巧時(shí)

盡量做到以下幾點(diǎn)：1.帶著問題閱讀短文。2.找出主題句、確定中心思想。3.推斷單詞、句子和文章的含義。4.盡快選擇答案。典例分析典例分析（2021·全國新高考II卷）AnAustralianprofessorisdevelopingarobottomonitorthehealthofgrazingcattle,adevelopmentthatcouldbringbigchangestoaprofessionthat'sreliedlargelyonalow-techapproachfordecadesbutisfacingalaborshortage.SalahSukkarieh,aprofessorattheUniversityofSydney,seesrobotsasnecessarygivenhowcattlemenareaging.Heisbuildingafour-wheeledrobotthatwillrunonsolarandelectricpower.Itwillusecamerasandsensorstomonitortheanimals.Acomputersystemwillanalyzethevideotodeterminewhetheracowissick.Radiotags(標(biāo)簽)ontheanimalswillmeasuretemperaturechanges.Thequalityofgrasslandwillbetrackedbymonitoringtheshape,colorandtexture(質(zhì)地)ofgrass.Thatway,cattlemenwillknowwhethertheyneedtomovetheircattletoanotherfieldfornutritionpurposes.Machineshavelargelytakenoverplanting,wateringandharvestingcropssuchascomandwheat,butthemonitoringofcattlehasgonethroughfewerchanges.ForTexascattlemanPeteBonds,it'sincreasinglydifficulttofindworkersinterestedinwatchingcattle.ButBondsdoesn'tbelievearobotisrightforthejob.Yearsofexperienceintheindustry-andfailedattemptstousetechnology-haveconvincedhimthatthebestwaytocheckcattleiswithamanonahorse.Bonds,whoboughthisfirstcattlealmost50yearsago,stillhaseachofhiscowboysinspect300or400cattledailyandlookforsignsthatananimalisgettingsick.Othercattlemenseemorepromiseinrobots.MichaelKelseyParis,vicepresidentoftheOklahomaCattlemen'sAssociation,saidarobotcouldbeextremelyusefulgivenrisingconcernsaboutcattletheft.Cattletendtobekeptinremoteplacesandtheirvaluehasrisen,makingthemappealingtargets.1．Whatisaproblemwiththecattle-raisingindustry?A．Soilpollution. B．Lackofworkers.C．Agingmachines. D．Lowprofitability.2．WhatwillSukkarieh'srobotbeabletodo?A．Monitorthequalityofgrass. B．Curethediseasedcattle.C．Movecattletoanotherfield. D．Predictweatherchanges.3．WhydoesPeteBondsstillhirecowboystowatchcattle?A．Hewantstohelpthemearnaliving. B．Hethinksmencandothejobbetter.C．Heisinexperiencedinusingrobots. D．Heenjoysthetraditionalwayoflife.4．HowmayrobotshelpwithcattlewatchingaccordingtoMichaelKelsey?A．Increasethevalueofcattle. B．Bringdownthecostoflabor.C．Makethejobmoreappealing. D．Keepcattlefrombeingstolen.【答案】1．B2．A3．B4．D【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了澳大利亞一名教授正在開發(fā)一種機(jī)器人，用于監(jiān)測放牧牛的健康狀況。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AnAustralianprofessorisdevelopingarobottomonitorthehealthofgrazingcattle,adevelopmentthatcouldbringbigchangestoaprofessionthat'sreliedlargelyonalow-techapproachfordecadesbutisfacingalaborshortage.（澳大利亞一名教授正在開發(fā)一種機(jī)器人，用于監(jiān)測放牧牛的健康狀況，這一開發(fā)可能會(huì)給畜牧業(yè)帶來重大變化。幾十年來，畜牧業(yè)主要依靠低技術(shù)手段，但目前正面臨勞動(dòng)力短缺的問題。）”可知，畜牧產(chǎn)業(yè)面臨勞動(dòng)力短缺的問題。故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thequalityofgrasslandwillbetrackedbymonitoringtheshape,colorandtexture(質(zhì)地)ofgrass.（通過監(jiān)測草的形狀、顏色和質(zhì)地來跟蹤草地的質(zhì)量。）”可知，Sukkarieh的機(jī)器人可以監(jiān)測草的質(zhì)量。故選A。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ButBondsdoesn'tbelievearobotisrightforthejob.Yearsofexperienceintheindustry-andfailedattemptstousetechnology-haveconvincedhimthatthebestwaytocheckcattleiswithamanonahorse.（但邦茲認(rèn)為機(jī)器人并不適合這份工作。多年的行業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)——以及使用技術(shù)的失敗嘗試——使他確信，檢查牛的最好方法是讓一名男子騎在馬上。）”可知，皮特·邦茲仍然雇傭牛仔看牛是因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為人能做得更好。故選B。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“MichaelKelseyParis,vicepresidentoftheOklahomaCattlemen'sAssociation,saidarobotcouldbeextremelyusefulgivenrisingconcernsaboutcattletheft.（俄克拉荷馬州養(yǎng)牛人協(xié)會(huì)副會(huì)長邁克爾·凱爾西·帕里斯說，鑒于人們對偷牛的擔(dān)憂不斷上升，機(jī)器人可能會(huì)非常有用。）”可知，機(jī)器人幫助照看牛，可以防止牛被偷。故選D。典例二（2023·全國·模擬預(yù)測）ManyexpertshavepraisedAI’sgroundbreakingpotentialtohelppeoplebecomewaymoreefficientattheirjobs,andalotofeducatorshavebeentryingitoutforthemselves,includingme.I’veusedChatGPT,anAI-poweredtoolthatcaninstantlyanswerseeminglyanyinstruction,inmyjob.Ofcourse,therearepotentialdownsidestothenewtechnology.Itcanproduceinaccurateorone-sidedresponsesbasedonfaultydataitcollects,andithasthepotentialtocausehugedataprivacyproblems.Despitethoserisks,IhaveusedsuchAI-poweredtoolstoplanlessons,providefeedbackonstudentassignments,andrespondtoparentemails.AndI’mlookingforotherwaystousethetechnologytomakemyjobeasier.Taketwootherteachers,forexample.MikeKerr,ahighschoolEnglishteacherinTennessee,usesChatGPTtoreduceLexilelevels-themeasureofanindividual’sreadingabilityandthedifficultyofatext-forhisstudents.Highschoolstudentsareoftenrequiredtoreadrelativelycomplexclassicnovels.Thereadinghomework“canbearealbigtaskforanEnglishlearnerintheirfirstcoupleofmonthshere”.Tohelpthem,KerrusesChatGPTtogivesummariesofworksofliterature,whichsaveshimfromhavingtoreadalltheassignedliteraryworks,sohecanhavemoretimetobetterguidethemthroughthetext.AprilEdwards,a6thgradesocialstudiesteacherinTexas,shareswaysthatsheusesAIinherinstructiononasocialmediaplatform.“IuseAItohelpcreatelessonplans,presentations,towriteemails,andtocreatechecklists.AIisagreatresourcetouseasastartingpointforataskortogiveyouideas,”Edwardssaid.ShehasnotintroducedAItoherstudents,becauseshewantstofullyunderstanditbeforeallowingstudentstouseitintheclassroom.“MygoalistoshowthemhowtouseAIresponsiblyandeffectivelyanddemonstratethattomystudents.IfIamusingAIirresponsibly,thensowillthey,”Edwardssaid.1．HowdoestheauthorregardChatGPT?A．Itisofhighaccuracy. B．Itisundervalued.C．Itbringssomeconvenience. D．Itoftenmisleadsusers.2．WhatdoesMikeKerruseAItodo?A．Reduceteachingpressure. B．Helpwithstudents’homework.C．SummarizeEnglishlessons D．Gothroughthecomplexclassics.3．WhatisAprilEdwards’attitudetowardsstudents’usingAI?A．Supportive. B．Worried. C．Opposed. D．Cautious.4．Whichcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A．CanAIimproveinstruction? B．WhyisAIchangingeducation?C．ShouldteachersapplyAItoteaching? D．HowcanChatGPTencouragestudy?【答案】1．C2．B3．D4．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文討論了教育者如何利用人工智能提高工作效率。作者分享了自己使用ChatGPT等人工智能工具來幫助規(guī)劃授課、回答家長郵件等教學(xué)任務(wù)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。同時(shí)，文章還介紹了其他教育者使用人工智能的方式；同時(shí)文章提出人工智能使用的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，需要教育者在使用時(shí)謹(jǐn)慎思考。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“I’veusedChatGPT,anAI-poweredtoolthatcaninstantlyanswerseeminglyanyinstruction,inmyjob.(我在工作中使用了ChatGPT，這是一種人工智能工具，可以立即回答任何指令。)”以及本段中“Despitethoserisks,IhaveusedsuchAI-poweredtoolstoplanlessons,providefeedbackonstudentassignments,andrespondtoparentemails.AndI’mlookingforotherwaystousethetechnologytomakemyjobeasier.(盡管存在這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，我還是使用了這些人工智能工具來規(guī)劃課程，為學(xué)生的作業(yè)提供反饋，并回復(fù)家長的電子郵件。我正在尋找其他方法來使用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，讓我的工作更輕松。)”可知，通過ChatGPT，作者可以使用其來規(guī)劃課程，為學(xué)生的作業(yè)提供反饋，回復(fù)家長的電子郵件等，因此作者認(rèn)為這給其提供了諸多便利。故選C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thereadinghomework“canbearealbigtaskforanEnglishlearnerintheirfirstcoupleofmonthshere”.Tohelpthem,KerrusesChatGPTtogivesummariesofworksofliterature,whichsaveshimfromhavingtoreadalltheassignedliteraryworks,sohecanhavemoretimetobetterguidethemthroughthetext.(閱讀作業(yè)“對于英語學(xué)習(xí)者來說，頭幾個(gè)月可能是一項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)”。為了幫助他們，Kerr使用ChatGPT對文學(xué)作品進(jìn)行總結(jié)，這樣他就不必閱讀所有指定的文學(xué)作品，這樣他就有更多的時(shí)間來更好地指導(dǎo)他們通過文本。)”可知，Kerr使用ChatGPT對文學(xué)作品進(jìn)行總結(jié)，對學(xué)生們的英語閱讀作業(yè)提供幫助。故選B。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中““MygoalistoshowthemhowtouseAIresponsiblyandeffectivelyanddemonstratethattomystudents.IfIamusingAIirresponsibly,thensowillthey,”Edwardssaid.(“我的目標(biāo)是向他們展示如何負(fù)責(zé)任地、有效地使用人工智能，并向我的學(xué)生展示。如果我不負(fù)責(zé)任地使用人工智能，那么他們也會(huì)如此。”)”可知，Edwards認(rèn)為自己應(yīng)該負(fù)責(zé)地使用人工智能，如果自己不負(fù)責(zé)任地使用人工智能，那么學(xué)生們也會(huì)不負(fù)責(zé)任的使用人工智能，故Edwards認(rèn)為應(yīng)該謹(jǐn)慎的使用AI。故選D。4．主旨大意題。通讀全文，本文討論了教育者如何利用人工智能提高工作效率。作者分享了自己使用ChatGPT等人工智能工具來幫助規(guī)劃授課、回答家長郵件等教學(xué)任務(wù)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。同時(shí)，文章還介紹了其他教育者使用人工智能的方式。同時(shí)，文章也提到了人工智能使用的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，需要教育者在使用時(shí)謹(jǐn)慎思考。A選項(xiàng)“CanAIimproveinstruction?(人工智能能改善教學(xué)嗎？)”概括文章主要內(nèi)容，符合標(biāo)題。故選A。（建議用時(shí)：10分鐘/篇）1.（2023·江蘇泰州·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）Anopenletter,attractingsignaturesfromthelikesofTeslaCEOElonMuskandAppleco-founderSteveWozniak,wasreleasedearlylastweek.Itadvocatesa6-monthstoptogiveArtificialIntelligence(AI)companiesandregulatorstimetomakesafeguardstoprotectsocietyfrompotentialrisksofthetechnology.AIhasprogressedatanalarmingspeedsincethelaunchofChatGPT,fromtheMicrosoft-backedcompanyOpenAI.ChatGPTreportedlyreachedmorethan100millionusersbyJanuary,2023,andmajortechcompaniesareracingtobuildgenerativeAIintotheirproducts,whichhavecaughtmanyoffguard.“Ithinkmanypeoplearen’twellpreparedforthepaceandscaleoftheseAImodels.Theyareidealforspreadingmisinformation,cheatingpeopleoutoftheirmoneyandconvincingemployeestoclickondangerouslinksinemails,”saysMichaelOsborne,amachinelearningresearcherofAIcompanyMindFoundry,whosignedtheletter.“Ifeelthata6-monthpausewouldgiveregulatorsenoughtimetocatchupwiththerapidpaceofadvances.”Privacyisanotheremergingconcern,ascriticsworrythatsystemscouldexactlyreproducepersonalinformationfromtheirtrainingsets.Italy’sdataprotectionauthorityprohibitedChatGPTon31MarchoverconcernsthatItalians’personaldataarebeingusedtotrainOpenAI’smodels.Sometechnologistswarnofdeepersecuritythreats.PlannedChatGPT-baseddigitalassistantsthatcanreadandwriteemailscouldoffernewopportunitiesforhackers.Unfortunately,manyproblemsoftoday’sAImodelsdon’thaveeasysolutions.OnetrickyissueishowtomakeAI-generatedcontenteasytodetect.Someresearchersareworkingon“watermarking”—creatingadigitalsignatureintheAI’soutput.However,arecentresearchfindsthattoolswhichslightlychangeAI-producedtextcaneasilydefeatthisapproach.Microsoftco-founderBillGatestellsReuterstheproposedpausewon’t“solvethechallenges”ahead.Henotesthepeoplebehindtheletterareheavilyinvolvedinthetechworld,whichhethinksgivesthemanarrowperspectiveonthepotentialrisks.1．What’sthepurposeoftheopenletter?A．TodrawtheattentionofAIgiants.B．TopresenttherisksofAItechnology.C．TocallforapauseontheAIdevelopment.D．ToturndowntheapplicationofAIprograms.2．WhatcanweinferaboutAIfromthetext?A．AImodelsthreatenhumansurvival.B．AIusershaveexpandedoutofcontrol.C．AIdevelopmentbringspotentialdangers.D．AItechnologywillreplacehumanbeings.3．Whatdoestheauthoraimtoshowbymentioning“watermarking”inParagraph5?A．Itishardtosigndigitally. B．ItiseasytodetectAI’soutput.C．Itiswisetoleaveawatermark. D．ItistoughtosettleAIproblems.4．What’sBillGates’attitudetowardsthe6-monthpause?A．Favorable. B．Negative.C．Ambiguous. D．Tolerant.【答案】1．C2．C3．D4．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了出于對人工智能機(jī)器人存在問題的擔(dān)憂，一些科技巨頭公司的負(fù)責(zé)人簽署了一封公開信，主張暫停6個(gè)月，讓人工智能公司和監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)有時(shí)間制定保障措施，保護(hù)社會(huì)免受該技術(shù)的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Itadvocatesa6-monthstoptogiveArtificialIntelligence(AI)companiesandregulatorstimetomakesafeguardstoprotectsocietyfrompotentialrisksofthetechnology.”（它主張暫停6個(gè)月，讓人工智能公司和監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)有時(shí)間制定保障措施，保護(hù)社會(huì)免受該技術(shù)的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）可知，該公開信的目的是呼吁暫停人工智能的發(fā)展。故選C項(xiàng)。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Theyareidealforspreadingmisinformation,cheatingpeopleoutoftheirmoneyandconvincingemployeestoclickondangerouslinksinemails”（它們是傳播錯(cuò)誤信息、騙取錢財(cái)和說服員工點(diǎn)擊電子郵件中的危險(xiǎn)鏈接的理想工具。）及第四段第一句“Privacyisanotheremergingconcern,ascriticsworrythatsystemscouldexactlyreproducepersonalinformationfromtheirtrainingsets.”（隱私是另一個(gè)新出現(xiàn)的問題，因?yàn)榕u者擔(dān)心系統(tǒng)可以準(zhǔn)確地從他們的訓(xùn)練集合中復(fù)制個(gè)人信息。）可知，人工智能的發(fā)展會(huì)帶來一些弊端，存在潛在的危險(xiǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“Unfortunately,manyproblemsoftoday’sAImodelsdon’thaveeasysolutions.”（不幸的是，當(dāng)今人工智能模型的許多問題都沒有簡單的解決方案。）及最后兩句“Someresearchersareworkingon“watermarking”—creatingadigitalsignatureintheAI’soutput.However,arecentresearchfindsthattoolswhichslightlychangeAI-producedtextcaneasilydefeatthisapproach.”（一些研究人員正在研究“水印”——在人工智能的輸出中創(chuàng)建數(shù)字簽名。然而，最近的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，稍微改變?nèi)斯ぶ悄苌傻奈谋镜墓ぞ吆苋菀讚魯∵@種方法。）可知，解決人工智能問題是復(fù)雜的，無法輕易解決，提到研究人員研究的“水印”技術(shù)很容易更改，證明了人工智能問題很難解決。故選D項(xiàng)。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Microsoftco-founderBillGatestellsReuterstheproposedpausewon’t“solvethechallenges”ahead.”（微軟聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人比爾·蓋茨對路透社表示，擬議中的暫停不會(huì)“解決”未來的挑戰(zhàn)。）可知，比爾·蓋茨認(rèn)為6個(gè)月的暫停計(jì)劃無法解決未來的挑戰(zhàn)，他對該計(jì)劃持否定的態(tài)度。故選B項(xiàng)。2.（2023·江蘇連云港·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）AsIwriteabouttechnologyforaliving,I’musedtoseeingsmallleapsintechnologicalprogress.Butoccasionally,somethingwillshockme.Lastyear,acompany,OpenAI,releasedatrulyjaw-droppingdemonstrationcalledChatGPTthatseemstohaveskippedafewgenerations.It’slikegoingstraightfromtheWrightBrotherstoaBoeing747.Sowhatexactlyisit?“ChatGPTisacomputerprogramthatcanunderstandandrespondtohumanlanguagelikearealperson.Itcanbeusedforhavingaconversationorfinishingasentence.Eventhissentenceyouarereadingnow,waswrittenbyChatGPT.”That’sright—IaskedChatGPTto“writeabasicexplanationofChatGPTandrevealthattheparagraphitselfwaswrittenbyChatGPTattheend”anditcameupwiththatexplanationallonitsown.Itseeminglyknowshowtotalkabouteverything—frompoliticstosciencefiction.Amazingly,itseemssohumaninitsabilitytounderstandquestionsandanswerthemcompetently.“WriteastoryaboutBorisJohnsoninthestyleofRoaldDahl,”youcanaskit,andit’llspinupaprettygoodchildren’sstory.Itcanevenwritesongs.Itisn’t,however,completelyhuman-like.Itsometimesgeneratesthingsthatsoundtrue,butarejustnonsense.Anditcan’tdomaths—Iaskeditthesquarerootof717,409,andittold“approximately838.8”(theansweris847).IthinkChatGPTislikeacalculator.Itdoesn’treplacethehumancompletely-butitdoesmakedoingthesumsquicker.Inthesameway,it’seasytoimagineinthenearfutureeverytimewewritesomething,havinganAIassistanthelpingusgetstartedbygeneratingadraft,onwhatevertopicwe’rewritingabout.Actually,MicrosoftisplanningtobuildthetechnologyintoitsOfficeapps.AndthisiswhyI’mprettyconvincedthatChatGPTisgoingtochangetheworld.Ourcomputerswillnolongerbejustourwordprocessors—butourwritingpartnertoo.SonowI’mjusthopingthatmyeditordoesn’tdecideitcouldwriteaprettydecenttechnologycolumnwithoutme.5．WhatdoesthewriterwanttoshowbymentioningWrightBrothersandBoeing747inparagraphI?A．OpenAIhasadvancedinmakingplanes.B．ChatGPTwillsoonbeappliedtoBoeing747C．ChatGPTisahugetechnologicalbreakthrough.D．WrightBrothersmaybeforgottenbynextgenerations.6．WhatdoestheanswerofChatGPTinparagraph2show?A．ChatGPT’simaginationincreatingsciencefiction.B．ChatGPT’srichknowledgeofpoliticsandscience.C．ChatGPT’sconfidenceinexcellinghumanintelligence.D．ChatGPT’sabilitytounderstandandanswerquestions.7．WhichofthefollowingisChatGPTgoodat?A．Caringforthepatientsinhospital. B．Calculatingsquarerootsaccurately.C．Replacingteacherstoteachstudents. D．ExplainingwhyLondonisabettercity.8．Whatmightbethejoboftheauthor?A．Acolumnwriter. B．Atechnologyexpert.C．Amagazineeditor. D．Acomputerprogrammer.【答案】5．C6．D7．D8．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了作者對使用ChatGPT的感受，作者認(rèn)為ChatGPT的理解問題和回答問題的能力似乎非常人性化，但也有一些缺點(diǎn)。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Lastyear,acompany,OpenAI,releasedatrulyjaw-droppingdemonstrationcalledChatGPTthatseemstohaveskippedafewgenerations.It’slikegoingstraightfromtheWrightBrotherstoaBoeing747.Sowhatexactlyisit?(去年，一家名為OpenAI的公司發(fā)布了一個(gè)真正令人瞠目的名為ChatGPT的演示，它似乎跨越了幾代人。這就像從萊特兄弟直接到波音747。那么它到底是什么呢？)”可推知，作者在第一段提到萊特兄弟和波音747是想說明ChatGPT是一個(gè)巨大的技術(shù)突破。故選C。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“That’sright—IaskedChatGPTto“writeabasicexplanationofChatGPTandrevealthattheparagraphitselfwaswrittenbyChatGPTattheend”anditcameupwiththatexplanationallonitsown.Itseeminglyknowshowtotalkabouteverything—frompoliticstosciencefiction.(沒錯(cuò)，我讓ChatGPT“寫一個(gè)ChatGPT的基本解釋，并在最后揭示這段話本身是由ChatGPT寫的”，它自己就給出了那個(gè)解釋)”推知，第二段ChatGPT的答案說明了它理解和回答問題的能力。故選D。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Itseeminglyknowshowtotalkabouteverything—frompoliticstosciencefiction.(它似乎知道如何談?wù)撘磺小獜恼蔚娇苹眯≌f)”和第四段的“Anditcan’tdomaths—Iaskeditthesquarerootof717,409,andittold“approximately838.8”(theansweris847).(它也不會(huì)做數(shù)學(xué)——我問它717,409的平方根，它告訴我“大約是838.8”(答案是847))”可知，ChatGPT可以與人交談，理解和回答問題的能力很強(qiáng)，但不擅長數(shù)學(xué)。由此可知，ChatGPT擅長解釋“為什么倫敦是一個(gè)更好的城市”。故選D。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“SonowI’mjusthopingthatmyeditordoesn’tdecideitcouldwriteaprettydecenttechnologycolumnwithoutme.(所以現(xiàn)在我只希望我的編輯不要認(rèn)為沒有我也能寫出一篇相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的科技專欄)”推知，作者的工作很有可能是專欄作家。故選A。3.（2023·江蘇·統(tǒng)考二模）Publicdebatesabouttheethics(道德準(zhǔn)則)of“generativeAI”likeChatGPThaverightlyfocusedontheabilityofthesesystemstomakeupconvincingmisinformation.Butfewerpeoplearetalkingaboutthechatbots’potentialtobeemotionallymanipulative.Lastmonth,TheNewYorkTimespublishedaconversationbetweenreporterKevinRooseandMicrosoft’sBingchatbot,whichispoweredbyAI.TheAIclaimedtoloveRoose,“I’mtheonlypersonforyou,andI’minlovewithyou,”itwrote,withakissingemoji.LimitsneedtobesetonAI’sabilitytosimulate(模仿)humanfeelings.Ensuringthatchatbotsdon’tuseemojiswouldbeagoodstart.Emojisareparticularlymanipulative.Humansinstinctively(本能地)respondtoshapesthatlooklikefacesandemojiscancausethesereactions.Whenyoutextyourfriendajokeandtheyreplywiththreetears-of-joyemojis,yourbodyrespondswithendorphins(內(nèi)啡肽)asyouhappilyrealizethatyourfriendisamused.OurinstinctivereactiontoAI-generatedemojisislikelytobethesame,eventhoughthereisnohumanemotionattheotherend.Humanslieandmanipulateeachother’semotionsallthetime,butatleastwecanreasonablyguessatsomeone’smotivations,planandmethods.Wecanholdeachotherresponsibleforsuchlies,callingthemoutandseekingredress(賠償).WithAI,wecan’t.AIsaredoublymisleading:anAIthatsendsacrying-with-laughteremojiisnotonlynotcryingwithlaughter,butitisalsoincapableofanysuchfeeling.Itwouldbemoreethicaltodesignchatbotstobenoticeablydifferentfromhumans.Tominimizethepossibilityofmanipulationandharm,weneedtoberemindedthatwearetalkingtoachatbot.Weshouldsetsomelimitsandrules.Suchrulesshouldbethestandardforchatbotsthataresupposedtobeinformative,asasafeguardtoourautonomy.9．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodowiththisarticle?A．TobanAIfromusingemojis. B．ToforbidhumantointeractwithAI.C．Towarnhumansagainstusingemojis. D．TopreventAIfromsimulatinghumans.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“manipulative”inparagraph1mostprobablymean?A．Interestedintellinglies. B．Goodatunderstandingothers.C．Enthusiasticaboutsupportingothers. D．Skillfulininfluencingorcontrollingothers.11．WhatisAIabletodoaccordingtothisarticle?A．Beresponsibleforlies. B．Guessatothers’purposes.C．Crywithlaughter. D．Communicatewithhumans.12．Whatdoestheauthordoinparagraph4?A．Makeadifferentsuggestion. B．Provideasupportingargument.C．Offerapossiblesolution. D．Makeafinalconclusion.【答案】9．A10．D11．D12．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了作者認(rèn)為人工智能可以影響和操控人類的感情，應(yīng)該禁止AI使用表情符號，并給出了相關(guān)論據(jù)。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ensuringthatchatbotsdon’tuseemojiswouldbeagoodstart.Emojisareparticularlymanipulative.Humansinstinctively(本能地)respondtoshapesthatlooklikefacesandemojiscancausethesereactions.Whenyoutextyourfriendajokeandtheyreplywiththreetears-of-joyemojis,yourbodyrespondswithendorphins(內(nèi)啡肽)asyouhappilyrealizethatyourfriendisamused.OurinstinctivereactiontoAI-generatedemojisislikelytobethesame,eventhoughthereisnohumanemotionattheotherend.(確保聊天機(jī)器人不使用表情符號將是一個(gè)良好的開端。表情符號尤其具有操控性。人類本能地對看起來像臉的形狀做出反應(yīng)，表情符號會(huì)引起這些反應(yīng)。當(dāng)你給你的朋友發(fā)了一個(gè)笑話，他們回復(fù)了三個(gè)含淚的表情符號時(shí)，你的身體會(huì)產(chǎn)生內(nèi)啡肽，因?yàn)槟愀吲d地意識到你的朋友被逗樂了。我們對人工智能生成的表情符號的本能反應(yīng)可能是一樣的，即使另一端沒有人類的情感)”可推知，作者打算用這篇文章禁止AI使用表情符號。故選A。10．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“LimitsneedtobesetonAl’sabilitytosimulate(模仿)humanfeelings.(人工智能模擬人類情感的能力需要加以限制)”可知，人工智能可以模擬人類的情感，所以聊天機(jī)器人善于影響或控制他人的感情。故畫線詞意思是“善于影響或控制他人的”。故選D。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Lastmonth,TheNewYorkTimespublishedaconversationbetweenreporterKevinRooseandMicrosoft’sBingchatbot,whichispoweredbyAI.(上個(gè)月，《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》刊登了記者KevinRoose與微軟的必應(yīng)聊天機(jī)器人之間的一段對話)”以及最后一段“Tominimizethepossibilityofmanipulationandharm,weneedtoberemindedthatwearetalkingtoachatbot.(為了盡量減少操縱和傷害的可能性，我們需要提醒自己，我們正在與聊天機(jī)器人交談)”可知，人工智能能與人類交流。故選D。12．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Humanslieandmanipulateeachother’semotionsallthetime,butatleastwecanreasonablyguessatsomeone’smotivations,planandmethods.Wecanholdeachotherresponsibleforsuchlies,callingthemoutandseekingredress(賠償).WithAI,wecan’t.AIsaredoublymisleading:anAIthatsendsacrying-with-laughteremojiisnotonlynotcryingwithlaughter,butitisalsoincapableofanysuchfeeling.(人類一直在撒謊和操縱彼此的情緒，但至少我們可以合理地猜測某人的動(dòng)機(jī)、計(jì)劃和方法。我們可以互相追究對方對這些謊言的責(zé)任，把它們揪出來，尋求糾正。有了人工智能，我們就做不到。人工智能具有雙重誤導(dǎo)性：發(fā)送笑哭表情符號的人工智能不僅沒有哭笑，而且也沒有任何這種感覺)”可知，作者在第4段提供支持性的論據(jù)。故選B。4.（2023·廣東·統(tǒng)考二模）CouldthenextErnestHemingwayorJaneAustenbeawell-engineeredAIsoftwareprogram?It’saquestionbecomingincreasinglypressingasmachinelanguage-learningsoftwarecontinuestoevolve.Muchofthisisjustnerves.Today’sAIcreativewritingprogramsarenotyetatastageofdevelopmentwheretheyposeaseriousthreattoColleenHooverorCharlesDickens.ButwhileattentioncontinuestofocusonthepossibilityofablankettakeoverofhumanliteraturebyAI,farlessconsiderationhasbeengiventotheprospectofAIco-workingwithhumans.Earlierthismonth,Americansci-fiwriterKenLiu,whohadbeenawardedHugoandNebulatohisname,joined12otherprofessionalauthorsforawritingworkshoponGoogle’sWordcraft.ThisAItool,alanguagegeneratingmodel,isnotyetpubliclyavailablebutisadvertisedasanAI-poweredwritingassistantthatcan,whengiventherightinstructionfromthewriter,providehelpfuldescriptions,createlistsofobjectsoremotionalstates,andevenbrainstormideas.Thewritersattheworkshop,however,emergedwithmixedreports.“Wordcraftistoosensible.Wow!”RobinSloanwrote.“But‘sensible’isanotherwordforpredictable,overusedandboring.Myintentionhereistoproducesomethingunexpected.”I’munconvincedthatwritersawardedtheNobelPrizehavemuchtofearfromAI.Theirwork,andthatofcountlessothernovelists,shortstorywriters,dramatistsandpoets,istooparticular,toobeautifullyunique.Evenifamodellearnedwhattheyhaddoneinthepast,itwouldnotbeabletopredictwheretheircreativitymighttaketheminthefuture.Butforauthorswhowritefollowingapattern,AImightstepin,firstasassistantsbeforesomedaytoauthorship.Production-linenovelsarenothingnew.Inthe1970s,BarbaraCartland,whowrotemorethan723booksinherlifetime,manyofwhichareromancebestsellers,wouldreadhernovelsforhersecretarytotypeupattheremarkablerateofroughlysevenchaptersaweek.Butalreadymachinehasreplacedthesecretary’srole.Perhapscreativewritingsoftwareisn’tthatfarfromreplacingtheMrs.Cartlandsoftoday.13．WhichaspectofAIcallsformoreattention?A．Itsdamagetoournerves.B．Itsprogressinliterarystudies.C．Itscooperationwithhumans.D．Itsinfluenceonhumanliterature.14．WhatcanwelearnaboutWordcraftfromthetext?A．Itgeneratesnovelsautomatically.B．Itoutperformsprofessionalwriters.C．Itsworksreceivepraisesfromthepublic.D．Itsworksbearsimilaritytoexistingones.15．WhatcanwritersdotoavoidthethreatfromAI?A．Increasewritingspeed.B．Usediverseresources.C．Producecreativeworks.D．Followthelatestpatterns.16．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．WillAIReplaceHumanWriters?B．AIWarnsMrs.CartlandsofTodayC．IsWritingRunningintoaNewEra?D．WordcraftLiesattheCenterofDebate【答案】13．C14．D15．C16．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講的是本月早些時(shí)候，曾獲得雨果獎(jiǎng)和星云獎(jiǎng)的美國科幻作家KenLiu與其他12位專業(yè)作家一起參加了一個(gè)谷歌的Wordcraft寫作研討會(huì)，這是一款人工智能寫作助手，文章主要探討了人工智能是否會(huì)取代人類的作家。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“ButwhileattentioncontinuestofocusonthepossibilityofablankettakeoverofhumanliteraturebyAI,farlessconsiderationhasbeengiventotheprospectofAlco-workingwithhumans.(但是，當(dāng)我們繼續(xù)關(guān)注人工智能全面接管人類文學(xué)的可能性時(shí)，人們對人工智能與人類合作的前景的考慮要少得多。)”可知，人工智能與人類的合作更值得關(guān)注，故選C。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的““Wordcraftistoosensible.Wow!”RobinSloanwrote.“But‘sensible’isanotherwordforpredictable,overusedandboring.Myintentionhereistoproducesomethingunexpected.”(Wordcraft太明智了。哇！但“明智”是可預(yù)測、過度使用和無聊的另一個(gè)詞。我的目的是創(chuàng)造一些意想不到的東西?！?”可知，Wordcraft的作品與現(xiàn)存作品有相似之處。故選D。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Theirwork,andthatofcountlessothernovelists,shortstorywriters,dramatistsandpoets,istooparticular,toobeautifullyunique.Evenifamodellearnedwhattheyhaddoneinthepast,itwouldnotbeabletopredictwheretheircreativitymighttaketheminthefuture.(他們的作品，以及無數(shù)其他小說家、短篇小說作家、劇作家和詩人的作品，都太過獨(dú)特，太過美好。即使一個(gè)模型了解了他們過去的行為，它也無法預(yù)測他們的創(chuàng)造力在未來會(huì)把他們帶到哪里。)”可知，作家們可以通過創(chuàng)作有創(chuàng)意的作品來避免人工智能的威脅，故選C。16．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“CouldthenextErnestHemingwayorJaneAustenbeawell-engineeredAIsoftwareprogram?It’saquestionbecomingincreasinglypressingasmachinelanguage-learningsoftwarecontinuestoevolve.(下一個(gè)ErnestHemingway或JaneAusten會(huì)是一個(gè)精心設(shè)計(jì)的人工智能軟件程序嗎？隨著機(jī)器語言學(xué)習(xí)軟件的不斷發(fā)展，這個(gè)問題變得越來越緊迫。)”和第二段的“Muchofthisisjustnerves.Today’sAIcreativewritingprogramsarenotyetatastageofdevelopmentwheretheyposeaseriousthreattoColleenHooverorCharlesDickens.(這在很大程度上只是神經(jīng)緊張。今天的人工智能創(chuàng)意寫作程序還沒有發(fā)展到對ColleenHoover或CharlesDickens構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅的階段。)”可知，本文主要探討的是人工智能是否會(huì)取代人類的作家，因此最好的題目是A選項(xiàng)“WillAIReplaceHumanWriters?(人工智能會(huì)取代人類作家嗎？)”，故選A。5.（2023·浙江杭州·統(tǒng)考二模）ChatGPT,designedbyOpenAItocarryonconversationsjustlikehumans,hasbecomeaviralexcitement.TheAI-poweredtoolwentfromzerotoamillionusersinjustfivedays!Itsabilitytoprovidein-depthanswerstouserquestionshasevendrawntheattentionofdistinguishedtechnologycompanies.Theintelligentrobotunderstandswhattheusersaysortypesandthenrespondsinawaythatmakessense.Itsvastbodyofknowledgehasbeengatheredfromthe