高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句（2）課件-（33張）

定語(yǔ)從句（下篇）1.定語(yǔ)從句定義和結(jié)構(gòu)★2.如何選用關(guān)系詞？如何使用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”？3.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

變身：whose/whom變形規(guī)則：Who

人Whose

人或物Whom

人(賓格)原句：俺喜歡那個(gè)山東老鄉(xiāng)。分：1：俺喜歡那個(gè)人。Iliketheman.2：那個(gè)人老家是山東。Theman’shometownisShandong.合：Ilikethemantheman’shometownisShandong.去：IlikethemanwhosehometownisShandong.原句：我有一個(gè)屋頂是紅色的房子。分：1：我有一個(gè)房子。Ihaveahouse.2：房子的屋頂是紅色。Ahouse’sroofisred.合：Ihaveahouseahouse’sroof

isred.去：Ihaveahousewhoseroof

isred.指物時(shí)，Whose引導(dǎo)的從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為“of+關(guān)系代詞”whose+名詞=the+n+ofwhich

Helivesintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.=Helivesintheroom,__________facessouth.whose的轉(zhuǎn)換形式Theclassroomwhose

doorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.改：Theclassroom,thedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.原句：吳磊正是那個(gè)我想去見(jiàn)的男孩。分：1：吳磊正是那個(gè)男孩。WuLeiisjusttheboy.2：我想去見(jiàn)的男孩。Iwanttoseetheboy.合：WuLeiisjusttheboyIwanttoseetheboy.去：WuLeiisjusttheboyIwanttoseewhom.WuLeiisjusttheboy(whom)Iwanttosee.who(賓格)=whom★whom前面有介詞的時(shí)候，不能用who替換。我知道那個(gè)你給他書(shū)的男孩。Iknowtheboytowhom

yougiveyourbook.that跟誰(shuí)都可以組cp先行詞：人或物，從句成分：主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)（作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)?？墒÷裕﹚hich=thatwho

=

that

什么時(shí)候只能用that?1.先行詞被最高級(jí)級(jí)、序數(shù)詞、theonly/very/same/last

everything,anything,nothing、all,little,any,no所

修飾時(shí)修飾時(shí)Sheisthemostbeautifulgirl(that)Ihaveeverseen.Sheisthefirstgirl(that)Iloved.Sheistheonlygirl(that)Iloved.Thisistheverygirl(that)Ilike.

All(that)

youwantarehere.Thereisnopersonthatdoesn’tmakemistakes.

Icouldunderstand

everything

(that)shesaid.2.當(dāng)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的先行詞,并同時(shí)兼指人和物時(shí).

Wearetalkingaboutthepeopleandcountriesthatwehavevisited.強(qiáng)調(diào)！強(qiáng)調(diào)！強(qiáng)調(diào)！限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句A.限制性定語(yǔ)從句:形式上不用“，”與主句隔開(kāi)。意義上是先行詞不可缺少的定語(yǔ)，

如刪除，主句則失去意義或意思表達(dá)不完整。B.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句:形式上用“，”與主句隔開(kāi)。意義上只是對(duì)先行詞的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，

如刪除，主句仍能表達(dá)完整的意思。

通常譯成主句的并列句。 1.Herbrotherwho

isnowasoldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那當(dāng)兵的哥哥總是鼓勵(lì)她上大學(xué).Herbrother,who

isnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她哥哥是當(dāng)兵的，他總是鼓勵(lì)她上大學(xué)。I

lovemygirlfriend,whoisgoodto

me.

我愛(ài)我的女朋友，她對(duì)我很好。Ilovemygirlfriendwhoisgoodto

me.我愛(ài)那個(gè)對(duì)我很好的女朋友。

什么時(shí)候只能用which?1.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句2.代表整個(gè)句子的意思Hehadpassedthemathexam,whichmadehisfatherveryhappy.3.介詞+關(guān)系代詞Thisistheroominwhichmyfatherlivedlastyear.4.先行詞后面有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)，只用which，不用that。HereistheEnglishgrammarbookwhich,asI'vetoldyou,willhelpyouimproveyourEnglish.Thestudentissoclever

inthat

hewonthefirstinthematch.Hedidnotlovemeforevenoneday,thatmademesad.介詞后面不能接that非限定性定語(yǔ)從句不能用thatTomorrowI’llbringherethemagazine

(which/that)youaskedfor.TomorrowI’llbringherethemagazine

forwhichyouasked.先行詞：人或物，從句成分：主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)such+名詞+assuch（pron.)+asthesame+名詞+asHeissuchaperson

asisrespectedbyallofus.ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.ThisbookisnotsuchasIexpect.

as注意：當(dāng)先行詞受thesame修飾時(shí)，偶爾也用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，但與as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句意思有區(qū)別。Sheworethesamedressthat

sheworeatMary’swedding.Sheworethesamedressas

heryoungersisterwore.as和which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句相同之處：1.都可以在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，代表前面整個(gè)句子。

Hemarriedher,as/which

wasnatural.

Heishonest,as/which

wecansee.不同之處：2.位置

as可以放在主句之前、后，甚至可以分割主句。另外，as“正如、正像”which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只可放在主句之后。Heisfromthesouth,as

wecanknowfromhisaccent.John,as

youknow,isafamouswriter.ZhangHuahasbeentoParismorethantentimes,which

Idon’tbelieve.As

isknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.3.因果關(guān)系，往往只用which。Tomwaslateforschoolagainandagain,which

madehisteacherveryangry.Thesetablesaremadeofmetal,which

madethemveryheavy.4.先行詞作主語(yǔ)且定語(yǔ)從句為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，

只能用as.

beknown,besaid,bereported,

beannounced,bementioned等Shehasbeenabsentagain,asisexpected.關(guān)系副詞where先行詞由明顯的地點(diǎn)——地點(diǎn)的模糊化事實(shí)上，where不能只理解為表地點(diǎn)。當(dāng)先行詞為situation，case，stage，point等，且定語(yǔ)從句不缺成分，用where。Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.Icanthinkofmanycaseswhereyouknownothingabout.theway為先行詞的限制性定語(yǔ)從句通常由inwhich或that引導(dǎo)，而且通?？梢允÷浴heway(that/inwhich/不填)

heansweredthequestionswassurprising.Theway(that/which/不填）heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句相似之處1、兩種從句都可以譯成定語(yǔ)Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.（同位語(yǔ)從句）我們隊(duì)取得決賽勝利的消息令人鼓舞。Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.（定語(yǔ)從句）你告訴我們的消息真的令人鼓舞。相似之處2、兩種從句都可以用that引導(dǎo)

e.g.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.（同位語(yǔ)從句）學(xué)生應(yīng)該學(xué)些實(shí)用的東西的建議值得考慮。Thesuggestionthatisworthconsideringisthatthestudentsshouldlearnsomethingpractical.（定語(yǔ)從句）值得考慮的建議是學(xué)生應(yīng)該學(xué)些實(shí)用的東西。不同之處1、從句的作用不同：同位語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明前面名詞的內(nèi)容；定語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)修飾、限定前面的名詞。Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.從句說(shuō)明“消息”的內(nèi)容：我們隊(duì)取得了決賽勝利。Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.從句對(duì)“消息”加以限定：是你告訴我們的，而非來(lái)自其他渠道。消息是何內(nèi)容卻不得而知。不同之處2、引導(dǎo)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞that的功能不同：that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)是一個(gè)純連詞，不充當(dāng)任何成分；而引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的that是關(guān)系代詞，既指代先行詞又須在從句中充當(dāng)成分。Dadmadeapromisethathewould