人教版初中英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)專題題型解法1聽(tīng)力理解課件

英語(yǔ)專題一聽(tīng)力理解內(nèi)容索引考情調(diào)研解讀歸納題型解法考情調(diào)研解讀1.聽(tīng)力測(cè)試突出考查辨音能力、語(yǔ)句聽(tīng)力理解能力及對(duì)口語(yǔ)功能項(xiàng)目的掌握。聽(tīng)力理解是領(lǐng)會(huì)語(yǔ)意的一項(xiàng)重要能力。聽(tīng)者要對(duì)聽(tīng)到的語(yǔ)音信息進(jìn)行加工,整個(gè)過(guò)程是一個(gè)積極、活躍的動(dòng)態(tài)過(guò)程;是背景知識(shí)、語(yǔ)境和語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的相互撞擊、相互作用的過(guò)程;也是對(duì)聽(tīng)力材料不斷進(jìn)行吸收、最終形成理解的過(guò)程。2.中考對(duì)聽(tīng)力理解的考查重點(diǎn)是:(1)日常交際用語(yǔ);(2)對(duì)話的具體內(nèi)容:人物、事件、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、數(shù)字、原因等;(3)對(duì)話的背景:對(duì)話發(fā)生的情境、場(chǎng)所、說(shuō)話人的身份、關(guān)系,以及對(duì)話人的態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等;(4)針對(duì)聽(tīng)力短文,綜合分析材料中的信息得出結(jié)論,并根據(jù)聽(tīng)力材料進(jìn)行分析、推理、判斷。3.考查的形式主要包括:句子理解題、對(duì)話理解題和短文理解題。歸納題型解法句子理解題是中考聽(tīng)力的常見(jiàn)題型,所聽(tīng)句子的真實(shí)性、交際性、時(shí)代性越來(lái)越強(qiáng),考查角度更加強(qiáng)調(diào)捕捉信息能力、整體理解能力和應(yīng)答能力,考查形式也越來(lái)越豐富和靈活。常見(jiàn)的命題形式為:看圖聽(tīng)句子,選擇與你所聽(tīng)句子內(nèi)容相符的圖片。題型1句子理解題圖片選擇題信息豐富,主要考查學(xué)生理解事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)和圖文轉(zhuǎn)換的能力。聽(tīng)力材料中的句子一般分為兩種:一是直接描述畫(huà)面,另一種是畫(huà)面中的人、物或與畫(huà)面相關(guān)的內(nèi)容在句子中被提及。解答此類題目的關(guān)鍵是仔細(xì)觀察圖片內(nèi)容,找出圖片間的區(qū)別,根據(jù)圖片的提示和句子的關(guān)鍵信息,得出正確答案。典例1聽(tīng)五個(gè)句子,選擇與所聽(tīng)內(nèi)容相符的圖片。每個(gè)句子讀兩遍。(

)1.(

)2.(

)3.(

)4.(

)5.聽(tīng)力原文1.Themusicsoundsbeautiful.2.LiLeihasacold,sohehastostayinbed.3.It’sagoodseasontoflykitesinspring.4.Chinaisfamousfortea.5.BeijingOperaisverypopularwitholdpeople.答案與解析:1.C

由句中的關(guān)鍵信息music可知答案為C項(xiàng)。2.B

由句中的關(guān)鍵信息stay

in

bed,

可知答案為B項(xiàng)。3.A

由句中的關(guān)鍵信息fly

kites可知答案為A項(xiàng)。4.B

由句中的關(guān)鍵信息tea可知答案為B項(xiàng)。5.A

由句中的關(guān)鍵信息Beijing

Opera可知答案為A項(xiàng)?；顚W(xué)活用

對(duì)話理解題是中考聽(tīng)力的必考題型。該題型內(nèi)容廣泛,主要涉及日常生活、文化教育、交通旅行等話題,但是問(wèn)題的設(shè)置基本固定,主要集中在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物(身份)、活動(dòng)內(nèi)容、出行方式、天氣狀況、數(shù)字、意愿、比較、原因判斷等方面。對(duì)話理解主要分為短對(duì)話理解和長(zhǎng)對(duì)話理解兩種。要做好這兩種題型需要注意以下幾個(gè)方面。題型2對(duì)話理解題(一)短對(duì)話理解題簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話的形式通常是一問(wèn)一答,第一個(gè)說(shuō)話者一般提出一個(gè)問(wèn)題,由第二個(gè)說(shuō)話者進(jìn)行回答。所以對(duì)話中第二個(gè)說(shuō)話者所講的內(nèi)容往往是對(duì)話的關(guān)鍵和結(jié)論所在,是提問(wèn)的焦點(diǎn)。這類題目通常只設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)問(wèn)題,內(nèi)容涉及時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、態(tài)度、反應(yīng)、原因、結(jié)果、身份、職業(yè)、數(shù)字、計(jì)算等。答題時(shí)要注意以下方法技巧:1.聽(tīng)前預(yù)覽選項(xiàng),了解一定的信息,并預(yù)測(cè)話題及內(nèi)容。2.在聽(tīng)的時(shí)候我們要注意抓住各小題有關(guān)地點(diǎn)、人名、時(shí)間或數(shù)字的變化、職業(yè)、對(duì)話人關(guān)系等關(guān)鍵信息。3.還要抓住關(guān)鍵詞,如表示句意轉(zhuǎn)折的but以及表示否定的not,no,nothing等。在聽(tīng)的過(guò)程中根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容采用排除、推理、辨別等方法來(lái)判斷正確答案。典例2聽(tīng)下面四段對(duì)話,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。每段對(duì)話讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第一段對(duì)話,

完成第1小題。1.Whatisthegirldoing?A.She’ssleeping.B.She’swatchingTV.C.She’slisteningtomusic.聽(tīng)第二段對(duì)話,

完成第2小題。2.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Husbandandwife.C.Bossandworker.聽(tīng)第三段對(duì)話,

完成第3小題。3.HowlongdidittakeAlicetofinishtheexam?A.Halfanhour.

B.Anhour.

C.Twohours.聽(tīng)第四段對(duì)話,

完成第4小題。4.Whyhasn’tLilyhandedinherhomework?A.Becauseshecan’tfindit.B.Becauseshehasn’tfinishedit.C.Becausesheleftitathome.聽(tīng)力原文聽(tīng)第一段對(duì)話,

完成第1小題。M:Mary,don’twatchTVtoolong.Turnitoffandgotobed.W:Allright.I’lldoitrightnow.

聽(tīng)第二段對(duì)話,

完成第2小題。W:Jack,whydoyoucomebacksolate?M:Mum,mybikewasbrokenonthewayandIhadtowalkhome.聽(tīng)第三段對(duì)話,

完成第3小題。M:Alice,howlongdidthemathexamlastyesterday?W:Weweregiventwohours,butIspentjusthalfthetime.Itwassoeasy.聽(tīng)第四段對(duì)話,

完成第4小題。M:Lily,youhaven’thandedinyourhomeworkyet.W:Sorry,Mr.Li,IfinisheditontimebutIcan’tfinditatthemoment.答案與解析:1.B

由句子“Mary,

don’t

watch

TV

too

long.”可知瑪麗正在看電視。2.A

由答語(yǔ)中的“Mum,

my

bike

was

broken

on

the

way...”可知對(duì)話雙方是母子關(guān)系。3.B

由答語(yǔ)中的“We

were

given

two

hours,

but

I

spent

just

half

the

time.”可知愛(ài)麗絲用了一小時(shí),

故選B項(xiàng)。4.A

由應(yīng)答語(yǔ)中的“...

I

can’t

find

it

at

the

moment.”可知答案?；顚W(xué)活用

(二)長(zhǎng)對(duì)話理解題中考中較長(zhǎng)的對(duì)話,也叫段落型對(duì)話,此對(duì)話長(zhǎng)度是簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話的數(shù)量疊加。就內(nèi)容而言,較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話故事性相對(duì)完整,可考查的信息點(diǎn)較多。就設(shè)題數(shù)量來(lái)說(shuō),通常為3個(gè)。由于較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的每個(gè)問(wèn)題之間并不存在內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系,其問(wèn)題通常是設(shè)點(diǎn)而問(wèn),所以就設(shè)題數(shù)量與考點(diǎn)來(lái)說(shuō),長(zhǎng)對(duì)話也是簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話的疊加。因此做好短對(duì)話題是做好較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話題的基礎(chǔ)。無(wú)論長(zhǎng)對(duì)話還是短對(duì)話,其基本考點(diǎn)均涉及時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、身份或職業(yè)、觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度、原因或結(jié)果、數(shù)字或價(jià)格計(jì)算等方面,唯一不同的是,較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的設(shè)題有時(shí)會(huì)涉及對(duì)整體語(yǔ)段的理解或把握。典例3聽(tīng)兩段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,選擇正確答案。每段對(duì)話讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第一段對(duì)話,

回答第1至第3小題。1.Whataretheytalkingabout?A.Jim’sschool.B.Jim’strouble.

C.Jim’slunch.2.Wherearetheytalking?A.Atthedoctor’s.B.AtJim’sschool.

C.Attheteachers’office.3.What’sthematterwithJim?A.He’sOK.B.He’sgotafever.C.He’sgotacold.聽(tīng)第二段對(duì)話,

回答第4至第6小題。4.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Apolicestation.B.Abank.

C.Ashoeshop.5.Howcanthewomangettotheshoeshop?A.Godownthestreetandtakethefourthturningontheleft.B.Godownthestreetandtakethefourthturningontheright.C.Godownthestreetandtakethesecondturningontheleft.6.WhichoftheseisTRUE?A.Theshoeshopopensat6:30inthemorning.B.Themandoesn’trememberthenameofthebank.C.Thewomanknowsthecityverywell.聽(tīng)力原文聽(tīng)第一段對(duì)話,

回答第1至第3小題。W:Goodmorning,doctor.M:Goodmorning,Mrs.Brown.Well,what’swrongwiththisyoungman?W:He’smyson,Jim.He’sgotaheadache.M:Haveyoutakenhistemperature?W:Yes,histemperatureseemstobeOK.M:Howlonghashebeenlikethis?W:Eversincelastnight.M:Hashehadanythingtoeatthismorning?W:Yes,hehadalittlemilkandanegg.M:Well,Ithinkhe’scaughtacold.W:Isthereanythingserious?M:No,nothingserious,buthe’dbetterstayathomeandhaveagoodrest.W:Thankyouverymuch.聽(tīng)第二段對(duì)話,

回答第4至第6小題。W:Excuseme.Couldyoutellmewherethenearestshoeshopis?I’mnewinthiscity.M:There’sonenotfarfromhere.Godownthestreetandturnleftatthefourthcrossing.It’snexttothebank.W:Well,doyouknowitsname?M:I’msorry.Ican’trememberthenameofthebank.It’sontheleftofthepolicestation.Youcan’tmissit.W:Bytheway,whendoestheshopcloseintheafternoon?M:Halfpastsix.Timeisenoughforyoutogetthere.答案與解析:1.B

由對(duì)話內(nèi)容可知對(duì)話談?wù)摰氖羌返牟∏椤?.A

由“Good

morning,

doctor.”可知談話的地點(diǎn)是在醫(yī)生的診所。3.C

由句子“Well,

I

think

he’s

caught

a

cold.”可知醫(yī)生認(rèn)為吉姆患了感冒。4.C

由句子“Could

you

tell

me

where

the

nearest

shoe

shop

is?”可知這位女士在尋找鞋店。5.A

由對(duì)話中的句子“Go

down

the

street

and

turn

left

at

the

fourth

crossing.”可知答案。6.B

由句子“I

can’t

remember

the

name

of

the

bank.”可知B項(xiàng)正確。活學(xué)活用

2.Where

is

the

bank?

A.It’s

next

to

the

restaurant.

B.It’s

next

to

the

hospital.

C.It’s

behind

the

hospital.

答案:B3.Howfaristhebankfromhere?A.About30minutes’walk.B.About13minutes’walk.C.About30minutes’ride.答案:A聽(tīng)第2段對(duì)話,

回答4~6題。W:It’srainingagain,John!Ireallywantedtogoskatingtoday!M:Oh,well.Hey,haveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall,Tina?W:Yes,Iwenttherelastyear.Haveyoueverbeenthere?M:No,Ihaven’t.W:Well,I’dreallyliketogothereagain.M:Great.WhichbusdowetaketogettotheGreatWall?W:WecantakeNo.657bus.Thestationisnearourschool.4.What’stheweatherliketoday?A.It’ssunny.

B.It’sraining.

C.It’scloudy.答案:B5.WherehasTinabeen?A.TheSummerPalace.B.TheSpaceMuseum.C.TheGreatWall.答案:C6.Isthebusstationneartheirschool?A.Yes,itis. B.No,itisn’t.

C.Sorry,Idon’tknow.答案:A聽(tīng)第3段對(duì)話,

回答7~9題。W:Hi,David.Ithinkyou’refat.M:I’mtoobusytotakeanyexercise.W:That’sjustanexcuse.Youcanalwaysfindsometimetoexercise.M:ButIworkhardalldayforlonghours.Ioftenhavenotimeforlunch.W:Ithinknoteatingmealscan’thelpyouloseweight.Instead,youwilleatmoreintheevening.M:Iknowyou’reright,butwhatcanIdo?W:HowaboutgoingforawalkinsteadofwatchingTVonthesofaeveryevening?M:Butit’stooboring.W:WhynottakeanMP4withyou?Youcanenjoythemusicandgethealthyatthesametime.M:That’sagoodidea.7.David

takes

some

exercise

every

day,

doesn’t

he?

A.No,

he

doesn’t.

B.Yes,

he

does.

C.No,

he

does.

答案:A8.WhatdoweknowaboutDavid?A.Henevereatslunchatnoon.B.Heisbusybutalwaysdoesexercise.C.Heworksalldayforlonghours.答案:C9.Whatdoesthewomansuggestintheend?A.Eatinglessfood.

B.NotgivingupwatchingTV.

C.Enjoyingmusicwhiletakingawalk.答案:C短文理解題是中考聽(tīng)力試題中難度最大、最固定的聽(tīng)力題型之一。此題型是根據(jù)所聽(tīng)到的短文內(nèi)容,選擇正確的答案回答短文后所提出的問(wèn)題,所提供的選項(xiàng)一般為三個(gè)。答題時(shí)要注意以下方法技巧:1.在聽(tīng)短文之前,一定要抓緊時(shí)間細(xì)讀所給的問(wèn)題及選項(xiàng),并根據(jù)選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容,對(duì)短文的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)(包括對(duì)問(wèn)題中問(wèn)句的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行推理),提前了解短文中可能出現(xiàn)的單詞、詞組或句子。只有這樣,在聽(tīng)短文時(shí)才能有目的、有選擇地做出正確的判斷。題型3短文理解題2.在聽(tīng)的過(guò)程中,一定要注意并簡(jiǎn)略地記下五個(gè)“W”和一個(gè)“H”(What,When,Who,Why,Where,How),這有助于理解文章內(nèi)容。3.聽(tīng)第一遍錄音時(shí),要仔細(xì)將全文聽(tīng)完。聽(tīng)第二遍時(shí),要有針對(duì)性地做些記錄,利用中間停頓時(shí)間將問(wèn)題逐一解答。4.最后,聽(tīng)完短文再進(jìn)行歸納、綜合、判斷,就可以順利整理出相關(guān)信息,從而確定正確答案。典例4根據(jù)你所聽(tīng)到的短文內(nèi)容,從A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出正確答案。短文讀兩遍。1.WhichplacedoTommyandJackyoftenwalktoandfrom?A.Thesameroom.B.Thesameoffice.C.Thesameclass.2.Whendiditstarttorain?A.Whentheywerewalkinghome.

B.Whentheywerewalkingtowork.

C.Whentheywereintheoffice.3.Whoquicklytookouttheumbrella?A.Bothofthem.B.Jacky.

C.Tommy.4.Whydidn’tJackycarryhisumbrella?A.Becausehedidn’twanttocarryit.B.Becausehiswifedidn’tlethimcarryit.C.Becauseheforgottocarryit.5.HowdidJackyandTommyfeelabouttheirwives?A.Proud.

B.Funny.

C.Bored.聽(tīng)力原文TommyandJackyarenextdoorneighborsandtheyworkinthesameoffice,sotheyoftenwalktogethertoandfromtheoffice.Oneafternoon,theywerewalkinghometogetherwhenitstartedtorain.Tommyquicklytookouthisumbrellafromhishandbag,openeditandsaidproudly,“Mywifeisreallygreat.Shecantellthefuture.Thismorningshesaiditwouldrainandtoldmetocarrymyumbrellawithme.”Jackysmiledandwalkedclosetohim,andwentunderTommy’sumbrella.JackysaidtoTommyevenmoreproudly,“Mywifeisevengreaterthanyourwifeintellingthefuture.Shedidn’tletmecarrymyumbrellaandtoldmetouseyours.”答案與解析:1.B

由句子“Tommy

and

Jacky

are

next

door

neighbors

and

they

work

in

the

same

office,

so

they

often

walk

together

to

and

from

the

office.”可知答案。2.A

由句子“One

afternoon,

they

were

walking

home

together

when

it

started

to

rain.”可知答案。3.C

由句子“Tommy

quickly

took

out

his

umbrella

from

his

handbag...”可知答案。4.B

由句子“She

didn’t

let

me

carry

my

umbrella

and

told

me

to

use

yours.”

可知答案。5.A

由句子“Tommy

quickly

took

out

his

umbrella

from

his

handbag,

opened

it

and

said

proudly...”和“Jacky

said

to

Tommy

even

more

proudly,

...”可知答案?；顚W(xué)活用

(1)Wherecanpeoplewatchtheirchildrenplaying?A.Inthefields.B.IntheGiftShop.C.IntheTeaRoom.答案:C(2)WhattimedoesParkFarmopen?A.At9:30.

B.At10:30.

C.At11:30.答案:B(3)Howmuchdoesafamilyticketcost?A.￡15. B.￡6. C.￡4.答案:A(4)W