遼寧省重點高中沈陽市郊聯(lián)體高一下學(xué)期6月月考英語試題

2022—2023年度下學(xué)期高一年級6月月考試題英語考試時間：120分鐘試卷總分150分注意事項：本試卷由第Ⅰ卷和Ⅱ卷兩部分組成。第Ⅰ卷中選擇題部分，一律涂在答題卡上;第Ⅱ卷為非選擇題部分，按要求答在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whyshouldthemanhurry?A.Thestorewillclosesoon.B.Hehastogettoworkontime.C.TherearefewTshirtsstillonsale.2.WhenwasthemansupposedtoarriveatPaul’shouselastnight?A.At7:45.B.At8:00.C.At8:15.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Attheirhome.B.Atarestaurant.C.Inagrocerystore.4.Whatwillthemandoafterhemakesaphonecall?A.Preparedinner.B.Getreadyforbed.C.Cleanthebedroom.5.Whatdoesthewomanoffertotheman?A.Fruitjuice.B.Milk.C.Water.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdothespeakersplantodotogethertomorrowmorning?A.Eatbreakfast.B.Goforawalk.C.Visitthewoman’sgrandmother.7.Whendoesthemanhaveameeting?A.OnThursdaymorning.B.OnFridaymorning.C.OnSaturdaymorning.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whoisthewomantalkingto?A.Herfather.B.Herteacher.C.Abankclerk.9.Whydoesthewomanfeelgrownup?A.Shewillhaveacreditcard.B.She’spayingherownbills.C.Shehasafulltimejob.10.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelintheend?A.Veryexcited.B.Reallybored.C.Alittleupset.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Brotherandsister.C.Husbandandwife.12.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’sidea?A.It’ssmart.B.It’llmakethemstressedout.C.It’sagainsttheirtraditions.13.Wheredothespeakersefrom?A.China.B.Britain.C.America.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whydoesn’tthewomanwanttodrive?A.Thecarisn’thers.B.Thecityistooconfusing.C.She’safraidofdrivingontheleft.15.Whereisthewomanfrom?A.Britain.B.France.C.America.16.Howdidthewomanmainlygetaroundduringcollege?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bycar.17.WhatdoesthemansayaboutOxford?A.Thereislittletraffic.B.It’snicetowalkthere.C.Ithasaverygooduniversity.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatistheannouncementmainlyabout?A.Howtoexpressoneself.B.Howtobeeafashiondesigner.C.Howtodressandhavehairstylesatschool.19.Whatkindofshoesdoesthespeakerthinkaresuitable?A.Shoescostinglessthan$100.B.Anydesignershoes.C.Colorfulshoes.20.Whatdoesthespeakerremindthestudentstodoattheend?A.Studyhardduringsummervacation.B.Finishtheirhomeworkafterschoolhours.CFocusontheirstudiesduringtheschoolyear.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出一個最優(yōu)選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。AForsomeofus,theexcitementofseeingaperformanceataEuropeanoperahouseisjustnotenough.Fortunately,operahousesthroughoutEuropeopentheirbackstagedoorstothepublic.Takeadvantageoftheseopportunitiestolookbehindthescenesofsomeoftheworld'sgreatoperahouses.TeatroallaScalaOperaHouseTours—MilanDiscovertheactivitieswithintheoperahouseonabackstagetouroftheLaScalatheaterinMilan.Thetouralsoincludesanoverviewofthehistoryofthetheaterandguidesyouthroughtheauditorium(觀眾席)andthetheaterboxes.ParisOperaHouseTours—ParisWhileitispossibletowalkaroundthepublicareasofthebeautifulParisOperaHouseonyourown,guidedtoursarealsoofferedandareledbyanEnglishspeakingguide.Duringthe90minutetour,youwilllearnaboutthetheater'shistoryanditsarchitecture.Youwillalsohaveanopportunitytovisitthegrandstaircase.RoyalOperaHouseTours—LondonItisoneofthemostprehensiveoftheoperahousetoursinEurope.TheguideattheRoyalOperaHousetakesyouthroughsectionsofthebackstageareatotheprops(道具)room,whereworkersbuildthesets,thecostumeshopandtheballetstudios.There'sachancethatyouwillevencatchtheballetdancersbackstageinpracticeintheirbigballetstudio.LaFeniceOperaHouseTours—VeniceTeatroLaFeniceinVeniceoffersacoupleofoptionsforvisitors.Aselfguidedtourofthebeautifulhallsandgroundswithavoiceguideisavailableattheboxoffice.Guidedtoursarealsoavailablewithanexpertthatwillexplainthehistoryoftheoperahousefromitsoriginstoitsrebuilding.1.Inwhichoperahousemightyoubeabletoseeacostumeshopbackstage?A.TheTeatroallaScalaOperaHouse B.TheParisOperaHouseC.TheRoyalOperaHouse D.TheLaFeniceOperaHouse2.Whatdotheabovefouroperahouseshaveinmon?A.Theyallofferfreeguidedtours.B.Theyallopentheirbackstageareastothepublic.C.Theyareallfreetothepublic.D.TheyarealllocatedinFrance.3.Wherecanwemostprobablyfindthistext?A.Inasportsmagazine B.InanadventurenovelC.Inahistorybook D.Onaculturewebsite【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個歌劇院為觀眾開放后臺區(qū)域，觀眾可以利用這些機會來了解世界上一些偉大歌劇院的幕后故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段TheguideattheRoyalOperaHousetakesyouthroughsectionsofthebackstageareatotheprops(道具)room,whereworkersbuildthesets,thecostumeshopandtheballetstudios.可知，皇家歌劇院的導(dǎo)游帶您穿越后臺區(qū)域的各個部分進(jìn)入道具室，在那里工作人員會制作布景，在后臺設(shè)置服裝店和芭蕾舞工作室。因此根據(jù)第四段的標(biāo)題可知，你可能在RoyalOperaHouse看到布置在后臺的服裝店。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Fortunately,operahousesthroughoutEuropeopentheirbackstagedoorstothepublic.可知，整個歐洲的歌劇院向公眾敞開了歌劇院后臺的大門。因此，這四個歌劇院的共同點是它們都向公眾開放后臺區(qū)域。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章介紹了四個歌劇院為觀眾開放后臺區(qū)域，觀眾可以利用這些機會來了解世界上一些偉大歌劇院的幕后故事，這是與文化藝術(shù)有關(guān)的話題。因此，我們最可能在一個有關(guān)文化方面的網(wǎng)站上找到這樣的文章。故選D。BFromayoungage,BarbaraBinns’spassionswerereadinganddoingresearch.Withherlatestbook,UnlawfulOrders,abiography,shecapturesAmericanhistory.UnlawfulOrderstellsthestoryofJamesWilliams(19192016),adoctorwhoservedwiththeTuskegeeAirmen,thefirstBlackmilitarypilots,duringWorldWarII.WhileattheFreemanAirfieldbaseinIowa,hestooduptoracialunfairpracticesthroughpeacefulprotest,whichpushedthegovernmenttomakesomechangesintheUSarmy.BinnslivesinChicago,Illinois,whereshegrewupandwheremostofherstoriestookplace.In2008,shewroteseveralbooksforyoungreaders.Shefoundhercurrentbook’ssubjectwhileresearchingJames’smother,ClaraWilliams,foranotherproject.JameshadalsolivedinChicago,inaneighborhoodnotfarfromwhereBinnsgrewup,butshehadn’theardabouthim.“IfoundmyselfwonderingifIeverwalkedpasthimonthestreetanddidn’trealizeIwasinthepresenceofgreatness,”BinnstoldTheWeekJunior.Shesaidshewouldhavelovedtohavehimasarolemodelduringherchildhood.That’sonereasonwhyshewroteUnlawfulOrders,shesaid—forchildrenwhoneedahero,someonewholooksordinarybutdidextraordinarythingsthroughquietbutpersistentactions.4.WhatcanbeknownaboutJamesWilliams?A.HeonceservedasanAmericanpilot.B.Hefoughtforequalrightsfortheblackpeople.C.HelivedinthesameneighborhoodwithBinns.D.HegotthesupportfromAmericangovernment.5.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestreplacetheunderlinedwordsinParagraph2?A.Putaside. B.Settledfor.C.Objectedto. D.Referredto.6.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.HowBinnschosethesubjectforUnlawfulOrders.B.HowBinosgottoknowJamesWilliams.C.WhyBinnsgaveupresearchingClaraWilliams.D.WhyBinnschoseChicagotobethesettingforherbooks.7.WhydidBinnswriteUnlawfulOrders?A.Tomotivateherselftobeeahero. B.TobeinmemoryofJamesWilliams.C.Toinspirethechildren. D.TorecordAmericanhistory.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了書籍UnlawfulOrders的故事梗概和BarbaraBinns的寫作初衷?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“WhileattheFreemanAirfieldbaseinIowa,hestooduptoracialunfairpracticesthroughpeacefulprotest,whichpushedthegovernmenttomakesomechangesintheUSarmy.(在愛荷華州弗里曼機場基地期間，他通過和平抗議對抗種族不公平行為，這促使政府對美國軍隊做出一些改變)”可知，JamesWilliams為黑人爭取平等權(quán)利。故選B項。【5題詳解】詞句猜測題。由第二段中的“WhileattheFreemanAirfieldbaseinIowa,hestooduptoracialunfairpracticesthroughpeacefulprotest,whichpushedthegovernmenttomakesomechangesintheUSarmy.(在愛荷華州弗里曼機場基地期間，他通過和平抗議stoodupto種族不公平行為，這促使政府對美國軍隊做出一些改變)”可知，他的行為促使政府對美國軍隊做出一些改變，說明他反對了種族不公平行為，畫線短語意為“反對（Objectedto）”。故選C項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。由第三段“BinnslivesinChicago,Illinois,whereshegrewupandwheremostofherstoriestookplace.In2008,shewroteseveralbooksforyoungreaders.Shefoundhercurrentbook’ssubjectwhileresearchingJames’smother,ClaraWilliams,foranotherproject.JameshadalsolivedinChicago,inaneighborhoodnotfarfromwhereBinnsgrewup,butshehadn’theardabouthim.“IfoundmyselfwonderingifIeverwalkedpasthimonthestreetanddidn’trealizeIwasinthepresenceofgreatness,”BinnstoldTheWeekJunior.Shesaidshewouldhavelovedtohavehimasarolemodelduringherchildhood.(Binns住在伊利諾伊州的芝加哥，她在那里長大，她的大部分故事都發(fā)生在那里。2008年，她為年輕讀者寫了幾本書。她在為另一個項目研究詹姆斯的母親克拉拉·威廉姆斯時找到了她現(xiàn)在這本書的主題。詹姆斯也住在芝加哥，在離Binns長大的地方不遠(yuǎn)的一個社區(qū)，但她沒有聽說過他。Binns在接受《少年周刊》采訪時表示：“我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在想，我是否曾在街上從他身邊走過，卻沒有意識到自己感受到了偉大?！彼f她很想讓他在她的童年時期成為一個榜樣)”可知，第三段主要講Binns是如何為UnlawfulOrders選擇主題的。故選A項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段“That’sonereasonwhyshewroteUnlawfulOrders,shesaid—forchildrenwhoneedahero,someonewholooksordinarybutdidextraordinarythingsthroughquietbutpersistentactions.(她說，這就是她寫UnlawfulOrders的原因之一，是為了那些需要英雄的孩子，一個看起來很普通但通過安靜但堅持不懈的行動做了非凡事情的人)”可知，Binns要寫UnlawfulOrders是因為她想激勵孩子們。故選C項。CPeoplecanexperiencelonelinessformanyreasonsandmanylifeeventsmaycauseit,likethelackoffriendshiprelationsduringchildhoodandadolescence,orthephysicalabsenceofmeaningfulpeoplearoundaperson.Atthesametime,lonelinessmaybeasymptomofanothersocialorpsychologicalproblem,suchaschronicdepression.Manypeopleexperiencelonelinessforthefirsttimewhentheyareleftaloneasinfants.Itisalsoaverymon,thoughnormallytemporary,consequenceofabreakup,divorce,orlossofanyimportantlongtermrelationship.Inthesecases,itmayresultbothfromthelossofaspecificpersonandfromthewithdrawalfromsocialcirclescausedbytheeventortheassociatedsadness.Thelossofasignificantpersoninone’slifewilltypicallystartasadnessresponse;inthissituation,onemightfeellonely,evenwhileinthepanyofothers.Lonelinessmayalsooccurafterthebirthofachild,aftermarriage,orfollowinganyothersociallydisruptiveevent,suchasmovingfromone’shometownintoanunfamiliarmunityleadingtohomesickness.Lonelinesscanoccurwithinunstablemarriagesorothercloserelationshipsinasimilarnature,inwhichfeelingspresentmayincludeangerorbitterness,orinwhichthefeelingoflovecannotbegivenorreceived.Lonelinessmayrepresentadysfunctionofmunication,andcanalsoresultfromplaceswithlowpopulationdensitiesinwhichthereareparativelyfewpeopletointeractwith.Sometimes,lonelinessiscapableofspreadinglikeadisease.Whenonepersoninagroupbeginstofeellonely,thisfeelingcanspreadtoothers,increasingeverybody’sriskforfeelingsofloneliness.Peoplecanfeellonelywhenthey’resurroundedbyotherlonelypeople.8.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theinfluenceofaspecificpersoninlife. B.Theharmcausedbyloneliness.C.Thereasonsforloneliness. D.Theimportanceofmentalhealth.9.Whichofthefollowingmaynotcauseloneliness?A.Theregularattendanceatsocialevents. B.Thephysicalabsenceofmeaningfulpeople.C.Thebreakupofamarriage. D.Thelackoffriendshiprelations.10.Theunderlinedphrase“disruptiveevent”inparagraph3refertothingsthat______.A.bringtoafamilyextraunexpectedfinancialburdensB.preventone’slifefromcontinuinginanormalwayC.makepeopletooexcitedtocontroltheirfeelingsD.replacethefeelingoflovewithangerandbitterness11.Whatcanwelearnaboutlonelinessfromthelastparagraph?A.Lonelinesscanhaveacertainsocialeffect.B.Lonelinesswon’toccurincrowdedplaces.C.Lonelinessisadiseasespreadingamongpeople.D.Lonelinesscanbetheresultoflosingimportantrelation.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了人們感到孤獨的原因以及孤獨對人的影響?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Peoplecanexperiencelonelinessformanyreasonsandmanylifeeventsmaycauseit,likethelackoffriendshiprelationsduringchildhoodandadolescence,orthephysicalabsenceofmeaningfulpeoplearoundaperson.(人們感到孤獨的原因有很多，生活中的許多事件可能會導(dǎo)致孤獨，比如童年和青少年時期缺乏友誼關(guān)系，或者一個人身邊缺少有意義的人)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了人們感到孤獨的原因以及孤獨對人的影響?？芍?，這篇文章主要講的是孤獨的原因。故選C。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Inthesecases,itmayresultbothfromthelossofaspecificpersonandfromthewithdrawalfromsocialcirclescausedbytheeventortheassociatedsadness.(在這些情況下，它可能是由于失去了一個特定的人，也可能是由于事件或相關(guān)的悲傷導(dǎo)致的社交圈的退出)”可知，經(jīng)常參加社交活動不會導(dǎo)致孤獨。故選A。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Lonelinessmayalsooccurafterthebirthofachild,aftermarriage,orfollowinganyothersocially”以及后文“suchasmovingfromone’shometownintoanunfamiliarmunityleadingtohomesickness”可推知，從家鄉(xiāng)搬到一個不熟悉的社區(qū)，導(dǎo)致鄉(xiāng)愁，說明了孤獨也可能發(fā)生在孩子出生后，結(jié)婚后，或在任何其他社會破壞性事件之后，阻止某人的生活以正常的方式繼續(xù)生活，畫線詞指的是“阻止某人的生活以正常的方式繼續(xù)”。故選B。【11題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Lonelinessmayrepresentadysfunctionofmunication,andcanalsoresultfromplaceswithlowpopulationdensitiesinwhichthereareparativelyfewpeopletointeractwith.Sometimes,lonelinessiscapableofspreadinglikeadisease.Whenonepersoninagroupbeginstofeellonely,thisfeelingcanspreadtoothers,increasingeverybody’sriskforfeelingsofloneliness.Peoplecanfeellonelywhenthey’resurroundedbyotherlonelypeople.(孤獨可能代表著溝通障礙，也可能來自人口密度較低的地方，那里有相對較少的人可以互動。有時候，孤獨會像疾病一樣蔓延。當(dāng)群體中的一個人開始感到孤獨時，這種感覺會蔓延到其他人，增加每個人感到孤獨的風(fēng)險。當(dāng)周圍都是孤獨的人時，人們會感到孤獨)”可知，孤獨可以產(chǎn)生一定的社會影響。故選A。DIsItWorthBuyingOrganicFood?Organicfood,grownwithoutartificialchemicals,isincreasinglypopularnowadays.Consumershavebeenwillingtopayuptotwiceasmuchforgoodswithorganiclabels(標(biāo)簽).However,ifyouthinkpayingalittlemorefororganicfoodgetsyouamorenutritious(有營養(yǎng)的)andsaferproduct,youmightwanttosaveyourmoney.AstudyledbyresearchersatStanfordUniversitysaysthatorganicproductsaren’tnecessarilymorenutritious,andthey’renolesslikelytosufferfromdiseasecausingbacteria,either.Thelatestresults,publishedintheAnnualsofInternalMedicine,suggestthatbuyersmaybewastingtheirmoney.“Wedidnotfindstrongevidencethatorganicfoodismorenutritiousorhealthier,”saysDr.CrystalSmithSpanglerfromStanford.“Soconsumersshouldn’tassumethatonetypeoffoodhasalowerriskorissafer.”Fortheirnewstudy,SmithSpanglerandhercolleaguesconductedareviewoftwocategoriesofresearch,including17studiesthatparedhealthoutesbetweenconsumersoforganicagainsttraditionalfoodproducts,and223studiesthatanalyzedthenutritionalcontentofthefoods,includingkeyvitamins,mineralsandfats.Whiletheresearchersfoundlittledifferenceinnutritionalcontenttheydidfindthatorganicfruitandvegetableswere20%lesslikelytohavechemicalsremainingonthesurfaces.Neitherorganicnortraditionalfoodsshowedlevelsofchemicalshighenoughtogobeyondfoodsafetystandards.Andbothorganicandtraditionalmeats,suchaschickenandpork,wereequallylikelytobeharmedbybacteriaatverylowrates.Theresearchersdidfindthatorganicmilkandchickencontainedhigherlevelsofomega3fattyacids,ahealthyfatalsofoundinfishthatcanreducetheriskofheartdisease.However,thesenutritionaldifferencesweretoosmall,andtheresearcherswereunwillingtomakemuchofthemuntilfurtherstudiesconfirmthetrends.Organicfoodisproducedwithfewerchemicalsandmorenaturalgrowingpractices,butthatdoesn’talwaystranslateintoamorenutritiousorhealthierproduct.TheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)statesthat“Whetheryoubuyorganicornot,findingthefreshestfoodsavailablemayhavethebiggesteffectontaste.”Freshfoodisatleastasgoodasanythingmarketedasorganic.12.Thenewresearchquestionswhetherorganicfood________.A.shouldreplacetraditionalfoodB.hasbeenoverpricedbyfarmersC.isgrownwithlessharmfulchemicalsD.isreallymorenutritiousandhealthier13.SmithSpanglerandhercolleaguesfoundthat________.A.organicfoodcouldreducetheriskofheartdiseaseB.traditionalfoodwasgrownwithmorenaturalmethodsC.bothorganicandtraditionalfoodtheyexaminedweresafeD.therewasnotapresenceofanyformsofbacteriainorganicfood14.Whichofthefollowingisrelativelyhealthieraccordingtothepassage?A.Organicchickenandpork.B.Organicmilkandchicken.C.Traditionalchickenandpork.D.Traditionalfruitandvegetables.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardorganicfood?A.Doubtful. B.Positive. C.Unconcerned. D.Approving.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。作者主要介紹說明了有機食品不一定是更有營養(yǎng)、更健康這一事實，告訴人們沒有必要一定要多花錢購買有機食物?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段““Wedidnotfindstrongevidencethatorganicfoodismorenutritiousorhealthier,”saysDr.CrystalSmithSpanglerfromStanford.(“我們沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)強有力的證據(jù)表明有機食品更有營養(yǎng)或更健康，”斯坦福大學(xué)的CrystalSmithSpangler說。)”可知，這項研究質(zhì)疑有機食品更有營養(yǎng)更健康，故選D。13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段“Neitherorganicnortraditionalfoodsshowedlevelsofchemicalshighenoughtogobeyondfoodsafetystandards.(有機食品和傳統(tǒng)食品的化學(xué)物質(zhì)含量都沒有高到超出食品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的程度。)”可知，他們所檢查的有機和傳統(tǒng)食物都是安全可食用的，故選C。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Theresearchersdidfindthatorganicmilkandchickencontainedhigherlevelsofomega3fattyacids,ahealthyfatalsofoundinfishthatcanreducetheriskofheartdisease.(研究人員確實發(fā)現(xiàn)，有機牛奶和雞肉含有更高水平的omega3脂肪酸，這種健康的脂肪也存在于魚類中，可以降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險。)”可知，有機牛奶和雞肉相對健康。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。由第四段“However,thesenutritionaldifferencesweretoosmall(然而，這些營養(yǎng)差異太小了)”以及最后一段最后一句“Freshfoodisatleastasgoodasanythingmarketedasorganic.(新鮮食品至少和市場上宣傳的有機食品一樣好。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為沒有必要一定要多花錢買有機食物，因此作者對有機食品的態(tài)度是懷疑的，故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Everyonemakescountlesschoiceseveryday.___16___Forinstance,whenhungerstrikes,youcanreachforanutritioussnackgoodforyourhealth,orjunkfoodwhichmaycontributetofatness.Thenhowdoyoumakechoices?Ifyou’reinterestedinlivingaricher,fullerlife,thereisafoundationwhichyoucanbaseallyourdecisionson,sothatyoucanmakelifebetternotonlyforyourself,butalsoforthosearoundyou.___17___Imagineifeveryparent,mate,friend,teacher,businessman,andpoliticiantrulydidtheirbesttochoosewhat’sbestforallineverydecisiontheymade,wewouldcertainlyliveinamorecaring,supportiveworld.“ButhowdoIknowwhatisreallybest?”youmightask.Theanswerissimple.Itdoesn’tmatter.___18___Whatmattersisthatwhateverdecisionyoumake,youshouldchoosewithasinceredesireforwhat’sbestforall.Evenifitlaterturnsoutthatyouhavemadeabadchoice,there’snoneedforguilt(愧疚).Withaclearheart,youmaystayclearandopen.___19___Probablynexttimeyou’llachieveasatisfactoryoute.However,choosingwhat’sbestdoesnotmeanyouhavetoalwayssacrifice(犧牲)yourselfforothers.It’stypicalofamothertosacrificeforherkids.However,anoverlytiredmothermaygetannoyedeasily.___20___Yetinthelongrun,itcanhelphertobeabettermothertoherchildren.Soasyoumovethrougheachdayofyourlives,remembertotakeaccountofyourselvesasyouchoosewhat’sbest.A.Thismaymakeyoufeelguiltyaboutyourchoice.B.Aworkingmothercan’tbalancecareerandfamily.C.Thisfoundationistochoosebasedonwhat’sbest.D.Somerestforthismothermightseemnotselfless.E.Thisthenallowsyoutomoreeasilylearnfromyourmistakes.F.Andeverychoiceyoumake,howeverbigorsmall,affectsyouinsomeway.G.Whatmattersisnotthechoiceyoumake,buttheintentionbehindyourchoice.【答案】16.F17.C18.G19.E20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了如何做選擇?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Forinstance,whenhungerstrikes,youcanreachforanutritioussnackgoodforyourhealth,orjunkfoodwhichmaycontributetofatness.（例如，當(dāng)饑餓襲來時，你可以選擇對你的健康有益的營養(yǎng)小吃，或可能導(dǎo)致肥胖的垃圾食品）”可知，此處在講做出的每種選擇的影響，所以F項“Andeverychoiceyoumake,howeverbigorsmall,affectsyouinsomeway.（你所做的每一個選擇，無論大小，都會在某種程度上影響你）”符合語境。故選F項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Ifyou’reinterestedinlivingaricher,fullerlife,thereisafoundationwhichyoucanbaseallyourdecisionson,sothatyoucanmakelifebetternotonlyforyourself,butalsoforthosearoundyou.（如果你想過更豐富、更充實的生活，有一個基礎(chǔ)可以讓你做所有的決定，這樣你不僅可以讓自己的生活更好，也可以讓你周圍的人生活得更好）”可知，此處是在講做選擇時，應(yīng)該基于什么基礎(chǔ)來做選擇，所以C項“Thisfoundationistochoosebasedonwhat’sbest.（這個基礎(chǔ)是基于最好的選擇）”是對前文做總結(jié)，符合語境，其中foundation是同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選C項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Itdoesn’tmatter.（這不重要）”以及后文“Whatmattersisthatwhateverdecisionyoumake,youshouldchoosewithasinceredesireforwhat’sbestforall.（重要的是，無論你做什么決定，你都應(yīng)該真誠地希望一切都是最好的）”可知G項“Whatmattersisnotthechoiceyoumake,buttheintentionbehindyourchoice.（重要的不是你所做的選擇，而是你選擇背后的意圖）”與前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，與后文是同構(gòu)復(fù)現(xiàn)，其中matter是同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選G項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Withaclearheart,youmaystayclearandopen.（擁有一顆清澈的心，你就可以保持清澈和開放）”以及后文“Probablynexttimeyou’llachieveasatisfactoryoute.（也許下次你會得到一個滿意的結(jié)果）”分析可知，兩句間應(yīng)是一個過渡句，說明上文的做法所起的作用，所以E項“Thisthenallowsyoutomoreeasilylearnfromyourmistakes.（這樣你就能更容易地從錯誤中吸取教訓(xùn)）”中的this指代的是前句的保持清澈和開放，moreeasilylearnfromyourmistakes和下句相呼應(yīng)，符合語境。故選E項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“However,anoverlytiredmothermaygetannoyedeasily.（然而，一個過度疲勞的母親可能很容易生氣）”以及后文“Yetinthelongrun,itcanhelphertobeabettermothertoherchildren.（然而從長遠(yuǎn)來看，這可以幫助她成為一個對她的孩子來說更好的母親）”可知，兩句間需要一個過渡句來說明這位母親的行為怎么樣，所以D項“Somerestforthismothermightseemnotselfless.（這位母親的休息看起來似乎并不無私）”中的rest與前句的tired相呼應(yīng)，本句又與后文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合語境。故選D項。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15題，每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AstheChinesesayinggoes,aseedcanchangetheworld;avarietycanbenefitanation.ZhangDaorong,whohasspentthelast26years____21____13newvarietiesofwheatandcontributingtonationalfoodsecurity,hasdoneboth.The50yearold,whoiscalledthe“motherofwheat”,isa____22____attheXiangyangAcademyofAgriculturalSciencesinXiangyangcity.Theresearchintonewvarietiesrequiresstrictstandardsand____23____experiments.“Thefirst____24____istofindsuitableparentaltypesforaspecificcultivationpurpose.Thenwetryahybridbination,”Zhangexplained,“Afterseveralgenerationsof____25____andselection,andwhencharacteristicsremainstable,we____26____atwoyearprocessofyieldtestinganddiseaseidentification.”Andafterseveralmoreroundsoftests,a(n)____27____forevaluationandapprovalcanbemadeformarketproduction.“Generallyspeaking,agoodnew____28____shouldproducehighyields,havestableproduction,and____29____goodresistancetobadconditions,”sheadded.“_____30_____,italsoshouldbeacceptedbythemarket.”Zhangaddedthattheteam_____31_____70,000to80,000seedlings(幼苗)eachyear.Allyearroundtheywerebusywith_____32_____experimentsonthegrowthofthenewseedlingsandmakingrecordsandanalyses.“Agriculturalresearchworkis_____33_____andplicated.Sometimesyoureffortsdonot_____34_____.Allwecandothenisthinkmore,discussmoreandfind_____35_____ontheland,”shesaid.21.A.advertising B.cultivating C.discussing D.observing22.A.journalist B.researcher C.teacher D.manager23.A.precise B.efficient C.simple D.expensive24.A.step B.attempt C.method D.question25.A.encouragement B.support C.management D.trial26.A.nearby B.continue C.begin D.repeat27.A.practice B.application C.appliance D.invitation28.A.environment B.machine C.farmland D.variety29.A.produce B.enhance C.show D.develop30.A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Otherwise31.A.watered B.bought C.protected D.planted32.A.reporting B.designing C.conducting D.studying33.A.tough B.normal C.varied D.specific34.A.endup B.letdown C.breakup D.payoff35.A.answers B.fort C.dreams D.courage【答案】21.B22.B23.A24.A25.D26.C27.B28.D29.C30.A31.D32.C33.A34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹中國“小麥之母”張道榮和她的團隊努力拼搏培育新小麥品種的事跡?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：張道榮在過去的26年里培育了13個小麥新品種，為國家糧食安全做出了貢獻(xiàn)，做到了兩件事。A.advertising打廣告；B.cultivating培育；C.discussing討論；D.observing觀察，遵循。根據(jù)“13newvarietiesofwheat”可知，是培育小麥。故選B。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這位被稱為“小麥之母”的50歲女性是襄陽市襄陽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院的一名研究員。A.journalist記者；B.researcher研究者；C.teacher教師；D.manager經(jīng)理。根據(jù)上文“whohasspentthelast26years____1____13newvarietiesofwheatandcontributingtonationalfoodsecurity”推知，張道榮是一位研究小麥的研究員。故選B。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對新品種的研究需要嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和精確的實驗。A.precise精確的；B.efficient高效的；C.simple簡單的；D.expensive昂貴的。呼應(yīng)“strictstandards”此處指精確的實驗。故選A。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“第一步是找到適合特定培養(yǎng)目的的父本和母本類型。然后我們嘗試雜交組合，”張解釋道。A.step步驟；B.attempt企圖；C.method方法；D.question問題。根據(jù)“tofindsuitableparentaltypesforaspecificcultivationpurpose”和常識可知，找到適合特定培養(yǎng)目的的父本和母本類型是培育新品種的第一步。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“經(jīng)過幾代的試驗和選擇，當(dāng)特性保持穩(wěn)定時，我們開始了為期兩年的產(chǎn)量測試和疾病鑒定過程。”A.encouragement鼓勵；B.support支持；C.management管理；D.trial試驗。根據(jù)常識可知，培育新品種需要經(jīng)過（植物）幾代的試驗和選擇，才能選出最優(yōu)的。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞和副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.nearby在附近；B.continue繼續(xù)；C.begin開始；D.repeat重復(fù)。結(jié)合上文提到選出最優(yōu)品種和“atwoyearprocessofyieldtestinganddiseaseidentification.”可知，接下來就應(yīng)該開始產(chǎn)量測試和疾病鑒定。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過幾輪測試后，可以申請評估，批準(zhǔn)用于市場生產(chǎn)。A.practice練習(xí)；B.application申請；C.appliance家用電器；D.invitation邀請。根據(jù)“Andafterseveralmoreroundsoftests”可知，幾輪測試合格后，可以申請評估。故選B。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她補充道：“一般來說，一個好的新品種應(yīng)該產(chǎn)量高，產(chǎn)量穩(wěn)定，并對惡劣條件表現(xiàn)出良好的抵抗力。”A.environment環(huán)境；B.machine機器；C.farmland農(nóng)田；D.variety種類。根據(jù)上文“ZhangDaorong,whohasspentthelast26years____1____13newvarietiesofwheatandcontributingtonationalfoodsecurity,hasdoneboth.”可知，此處是指一個新的種類。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.produce生產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)生；B.enhance加強；C.show表明，表現(xiàn)；D.develop發(fā)展。根據(jù)“goodresistancetobadconditions”可知，此處指新品種要表現(xiàn)出良好的抵抗力。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“此外，它也應(yīng)該被市場所接受?！盇.Besides此外；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Otherwise否則。結(jié)合“italsoshouldbeacceptedbythemarket”可知，此處是對上文的補充說明，用besides符合題意。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：張補充說，該團隊每年種植7萬至8萬株幼苗。A.watered澆水；B.bought購買；C.protected保護(hù)；D.planted種植。結(jié)合該團隊培育新品種的事實以及“70,000to80,000seedlings(幼苗)eachyear.”可知，此處是指每年種植7萬至8萬株幼苗。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一年四季，他們都忙于對新苗的生長進(jìn)行實驗，并進(jìn)行記錄和分析。A.reporting報道；B.designing設(shè)計；C.conducting進(jìn)行；D.studying學(xué)習(xí)，研究。根據(jù)“experimentsonthegrowthofthenewseedlings”可知，此處是指進(jìn)行實驗。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：農(nóng)業(yè)研究工作既艱巨又復(fù)雜。A.tough棘手的，艱難的；B.normal正常的；C.varied變異的；D.specific具體的。根據(jù)“plicated”并結(jié)合上文提到他們一次又一次的試驗可知，農(nóng)業(yè)研究是艱巨且復(fù)雜的。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：有時你的努力沒有回報。A.endup結(jié)束；B.letdown使失望；C.breakup破裂；D.payoff回報。根據(jù)上文“Agriculturalresearchworkis____13____a