遼寧省凌源市2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試試題含解析

-1-遼寧省凌源市2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)考試試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?A.$100.B.$250.C.$200.2.Wheredidthewomangolastmonth?A.ToMexico.B.ToAmerica.C.ToCanada.3.Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?A.Headtotheairport.B.Relaxbythepool.C.Requestalatecheck-out.4.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Preparingforbackpacking.B.Makingaplanfortheiranniversary.C.Bookingahotel.5.Whatcoloristhewoman’scoat?A.White.B.Red.C.Golden.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A.Toinvitehimtodinner.B.Totellhimthewaytotherestaurant.C.Tochecktheirmeetingplace.7.Whichrestaurantwillthespeakersgoto?A.TheoneonTempleStreet.B.TheoneonOceanRoad.C.TheoneonWoodStreet.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whywon’tMr.Wangbeabletogiveaspeech?A.Hehastolookafterafamilymember.B.Hehastomakeanunexpectedtrip.C.Hecamedownwithanillness.9.Whatwilltheman7otomorrow?A.Makebreakfastfortheguests.B.Drivethewomantoaconference.C.Giveapresentation.10.HowwillthemangettothePrinceHotel?A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.How7oesthemanwanttolearnwriting?A.Self-learning.B.OntheInternet.C.Facetoface.12.Whydoesthemanwanttotakewritingcourses?A.Topublishhisworks.B.Toearnmoremoney.C.Toenjoythefunofwriting.13.Whatkin7ofbrochurewillthemanreceive?A.Fictionwriting.B.Creativewriting.C.Businesswriting.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhatisJack?A.Anactor.B.Asinger.C.Adirector.15.WhatwasJack’s“bigbreak”？A.TwelfthNight.B.NewYorkSummertime.C.HighSeas.16.Whatcausedtheaccidenttotakeplace?A.Workingovertime.B.Engineproblems.C.Drink-driving.17.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.JackwonanawardwiththeroleinHighSeas.B.Jackdidn’tcareaboutthenegativenewsaftertheaccident.C.Jack’sfamilygiveshimalotofsupport.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whoarethelistenersprobably?A.Hospitalstaff.B.Familymembers.C.Patients.19.Whydopeopleliveonsandwichesandfastfood?A.Theyconsiderthemdelicious.B.Theywanttosavetime.C.Theyhaveaspecialtaste.20.Whatistheconsequenceofworkinglonghours?A.Slowaction.B.Memoryloss.C.Carelessmistakes.其次部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APeoplearealwaysfullofimaginationaboutthedeepandmysterioussea,however,thewatersknownastheseaarenotalltheendlessseasaswethink,ormaybebeautifulormagnificentlakes.AralSeaTheAralSeaisaninlandlakethatliestothenorthofUzbekistanandtothesouthofKazkhstan.Itsnameliterally（按字面）means“theseaofisland”intheTurkiclanguage.Thus,itsnamereferstothemanyislandsthatdotteditinthepast.AlthoughtheAralSeaoccupiedavastareaofabout68,000squarekmforalongperiodoftime,it’sbelievedtobelessthan10%ofitsoriginalsite.CaspianSeaTheCaspianSeaisalsoaninlandlake.Oftenregardedasthelargestlakeintheworld,theCaspianSeaislocatedbetweenthecontinentsofAsiaandEurope.TheCaspianSeaisanenclosedwaterbody.Itiscalled“sea”probablybecauseofitsmassivesizeof371,000squarekmanditssaltiness.SaltonSeaLocatedinCalifornia,US,theSaltonSeaisariftlakethatissaline(咸的)innature.Severalriverscreeks,agriculturalrunoffs，anddrainagesystemsfeedthislake.TheSaltonSeaencompasses(包括)anareaof890squarekm,makingitthelargestlakeinCalifornia.SeaofGalileeTheSeaofGalileeisafreshwaterlakewith“sea”initsname.Itoccupiesanareaof166.7squarekminIsrael.Itisthesecond-lowestlakeintheworldaftertheDeadSeawiththesurfaceelevation(海拔)rangingfrom705ftto686ftbelowsealevel.TheJordanRiveristheprimarysourceofwaterfortheSeaofGalilee.Undergroundspringsalsofeedwatertothelake.1.Whichisthesecondbiggestofthefourlakes?A.AralSea. B.CaspianSea.C.SaltonSea. D.SeaofGalilee.2.WhichofthefollowingaTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.TheAralSeabelongstoTurkey.B.ThelocationoftheSaltonSeaisCalifornia,US.C.TheCaspianSeaisafreshwaterlakebetweenAsiaandEurope.D.TheprimarysourceofwaterfortheSeaofGalileeisundergroundsprings.3Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inahistorybook. B.Inanovel.C.Inageographymagazine. D.Inabiography.【1~3題答案】【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。人們總是對(duì)深邃而神奇的大海充溢幻想，然而，所謂的海并不都是我們想象中的無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的大海,也可能是漂亮或壯美的湖泊，本文介紹了幾個(gè)被稱為海洋的湖泊?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)AralSea中的“AlthoughtheAralSeaoccupiedavastareaofabout68，000squarekmforalongperiodoftime，it’sbelievedtobelessthan10%ofitsoriginalsite.（雖然在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，咸海占據(jù)了約68000平方公里的廣袤區(qū)域，但據(jù)信它還不到原來(lái)的10%）”，以及CaspianSea中的“TheCaspianSeaisanenclosedwaterbody，itiscalled“sea”probablybecauseofitsmassivesizeof371,000squarekmanditssaltinss.（里海是一個(gè)封閉的水體,它被稱為“海”可能是因?yàn)樗木薮竺娣e37.1萬(wàn)平方公里和它的咸味）”，和SaltonSea中的“TheSaltonSeaencompasses(包括)anareaof890squarekmmakingitthelargestlakeinCalifornia.（索爾頓海的面積為890平方公里，是加州最大的湖泊）”及SeaofGalilee“Itoccupiesanareaof166.7squarekminIsrael.（它在以色列占有166.7平方公里的面積）”可知，通過(guò)數(shù)字對(duì)比可知，四個(gè)中其次大的是咸海。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三個(gè)湖介紹中的第一行“LocatedinCalifornia,US,theSaltonSeaisariftlakethatissaline(咸的)innature.（位于美國(guó)加州的索爾頓海是一個(gè)自然的咸水裂谷湖）”可知索爾頓海位于美國(guó)加利福尼亞州。故選B項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“Peoplearealwaysfullofimaginationaboutthedeepandmysterioussea,however,thewatersknownastheseaarenotalltheendlessseasaswethink,ormaybebeautifulormagnificentlakes.（人們總是對(duì)深邃而神奇的大海充溢幻想，然而，所謂的海并不都是我們想象中的無(wú)窮無(wú)盡的大海,也可能是漂亮或壯美的湖泊）”以及下文介紹了幾個(gè)被稱為海洋的湖泊。由此推知，本文可能來(lái)自地理雜志。故選C項(xiàng)。BOnaThursdayafternooninMarch,aBaltimorerestaurantreceivedanemailrequest:friedbroccoli(西蘭花)toppedwithfreshherbsandonion.Thewomanwhosenttheemailwasactuallywritinginplaceofhermother,Jane,whoenjoyedthedish,butwasnowinthefinalstagesoflungcancer.SteveChu,owneroftherestaurant,readtheemailandquicklyreplied,“Thanksforreachingout,”hewrote.“We’dliketomeetyouinVermontandmakeitfreshforyou.Youtellusthedateandlocationandwe’llbethere.”Forthepast10years,everytimeJanevisitedBaltimore,shewouldgototherestauranttoorderherfavouritedish.ThatFridayafterwork,adayafterreceivingRina’semail,SteveloadedhistruckwithcookingequipmentandingredientsneededandthenheadedforVermontwithtwoemployees.Theystayedovernightinamotel(汽車(chē)旅館)anddrovethenextdaytotheflatwhereRina’smotherlived.AssoonasSteveandhisteampulledintotheparkinglot,theygotdowntowork.Inadditiontobroccoli,theymadetofuwithpeanutsauceandsomesteamedrice.Afterneatlyboxing(裝箱)everythingup,theyknockedontheircustomer’sdoor.ImmediatelyJaneopenedthedoor,shewasgreetedbythefamiliarsmell.ThemotheralsorecognizedSteve.“Idon’tunderstand.Youdroveallthewayupheretocookforme?”Janescreamed(尖叫).AsforSteve,hecouldn’thelprememberinghisregularcustomer.“Shelovesthefoodandfrequentsourrestaurant,”hesaid.Steveandhisteamdeclinedtheinvitationtojointhefamilyfordinner,fortheyneededtogetbacktoBaltimore.Stevealsowouldn’tacceptanymoneyfromthefamily.Rinawashappythathermotherwasabletoenjoyherbelovedbroccoliathome.4.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutJane?A.Shesufferedfromacurabledisease.B.Shewasparticularaboutwhatsheate.C.Shewasaregularcustomeroftherestaurant.D.Shewrotetheemailtotherestaurantinperson.5.WhatdidSteve’steamdotomakeJane’sday?A.HetreatedhertoabigdinnerinVermont.B.TheydrovetoVermontandmadethedishthere.C.Hesharedtherecipeofthedishwithher.D.HedeliveredthedishtoJane’shomebyair.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesSteveChu?A.Caringandcalm. B.Friendlyandoutgoing.C.Warm-heartedandgenerous. D.Kindanddetermined.7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ArestaurantgoingbeyonditsdutiesB.Acancersufferer’sroadtorecoveryC.Friedbroccoli:apopulardishintheUSD.Nicesurprisesareessentialforlife【4~7題答案】【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是簡(jiǎn)喜愛(ài)一家餐廳的菜，餐廳的老板在收到簡(jiǎn)的女兒的電子郵件后帶上食材趕到簡(jiǎn)住的公寓，為她做那道菜?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段的“Forthepast10years,everytimeJanevisitedBaltimore,shewouldgototherestauranttoorderherfavouritedish.（在過(guò)去的10年里，每次簡(jiǎn)來(lái)巴爾的摩，她都會(huì)去餐館點(diǎn)她最喜愛(ài)的菜。）”和倒數(shù)第三段的“AsforSteve,hecouldn’thelprememberinghisregularcustomer.“Shelovesthefoodandfrequentsourrestaurant,”hesaid.（至于史蒂夫，他不由自主地想起了自己的老客戶?！八矏?ài)我們的食物，常常光顧我們的餐廳，”他說(shuō)。）”可知，Jane是這家餐館的?？?。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段的“ThatFridayafterwork,adayafterreceivingRina’semail,SteveloadedhistruckwithcookingequipmentandingredientsneededandthenheadedforVermontwithtwoemployees.（那個(gè)周五下班后，也就是收到麗娜郵件的其次天，史蒂夫把烹飪?cè)O(shè)備和所需的食材裝上卡車(chē)，然后帶著兩名員工前往佛蒙特州。）”和第五段的“AssoonasSteveandhisteampulledintotheparkinglot,theygotdowntowork.Inadditiontobroccoli,theymadetofuwithpeanutsauceandsomesteamedrice.Afterneatlyboxingeverythingup,theyknockedontheircustomer’sdoor.（史蒂夫和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)一進(jìn)停車(chē)場(chǎng)，就起先工作。除了西蘭花，他們還用花生醬和一些米飯做豆腐。他們把東西整齊地打包好后，就去敲顧客的門(mén)。）”可知，史蒂夫的團(tuán)隊(duì)他們開(kāi)車(chē)到佛蒙特州，在那里做了這道菜讓簡(jiǎn)快樂(lè)，故選B?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段的“We’dliketomeetyouinVermontandmakeitfreshforyou.（我們想在佛蒙特見(jiàn)到你，給你做點(diǎn)簇新的。）和”倒數(shù)其次段的“Steveandhisteamdeclinedtheinvitationtojointhefamilyfordinner,fortheyneededtogetbacktoBaltimore.Stevealsowouldn’tacceptanymoneyfromthefamily.（史蒂夫和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)拒絕了與家人共進(jìn)晚餐的邀請(qǐng)，因?yàn)樗麄冺氁氐桨蜖柕哪ΑＪ返俜蛞膊粫?huì)接受這個(gè)家庭的任何錢(qián)。）”可知，史蒂夫和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)開(kāi)車(chē)去特地給簡(jiǎn)做飯，就為了讓她快樂(lè)，而且不收錢(qián)，因此SteveChu是熱心的和慷慨的。故選C。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第四段的“ThatFridayafterwork,adayafterreceivingRina’semail,SteveloadedhistruckwithcookingequipmentandingredientsneededandthenheadedforVermontwithtwoemployees.Theystayedovernightinamotel(汽車(chē)旅館)anddrovethenextdaytotheflatwhereRina’smotherlived.（那個(gè)周五下班后，也就是收到麗娜郵件的其次天，史蒂夫把烹飪?cè)O(shè)備和所需的食材裝上卡車(chē)，然后帶著兩名員工前往佛蒙特州。他們?cè)谝患移?chē)旅館過(guò)夜，其次天開(kāi)車(chē)去了麗娜母親住的公寓。）”可知，本文主要講的是一個(gè)餐館親自趕到異地為老顧客做菜的故事，因此A選項(xiàng)“Arestaurantgoingbeyonditsduties（超出其職責(zé)范圍的餐館）”是最恰當(dāng)?shù)念}目，故選A。CHowgoodareweatpredictingwhatpeoplewilldo?Whatmagazinewilltheybuy,whatmusicwilltheydownload，orwhatshoeswilltheychooseforaparty?Probablynotnearlyasgoodaswethink.Whenitcomestohumanbehavior,thebrainisshowntohavetwodifferentwaysofthinking.Soitdoesn’tmatterhowoldyouareorhowconfidentyouarefeeling.It’sallaboutwhatmoodthebrainisin!Acommonthoughtprocessistheautomaticandfastwaywhichhelpsustoreactquicklyindangeroussituations.Thisisknownassystem1anddatesbacktotheprehistoric(史前的）timeswhenpeoplelivedwithanaturalawarenessofthedangersaroundthem—badweather,fallingrocksandtrees，andthreateninganimals.Nowadayswestillhavetheabilitytoreactsorapidlyandnaturallytosituationsthatitcanfeellikeyou’renotthinkingatall.Haveyoueverfoundyourselfgivingintotemptation（誘惑）andunabletosay“no”tobuyingthatnewjacketinthewindow?Thisisbecausesystem1isincontrol—ahumancharacteristicwhichtheworldofadvertisinglikestomakethemostof!System2istheopposite.It’saslowthoughtprocessthatrequiresustopayattentionandconcentrate.Thiswayofthinkinghelpsustomakesensiblelong-termdecisionslikechoosingwhichuniversitytostudyat,orwhattypeofcartobuy.Theproblemisthatsystem2oftenstartstofeelboringandsosystem1takesover.HowoftenhaveyouputdownyourhomeworkorputoffdoingimportantjobstogoonFacebookorwatchaTVsoap?Weliketothinkthatwegothroughlifemainlyusingsystem2.However,sometimesit’ssystem1thatmakestherightdecisionbutsystem2thatgetsitwrong.Forexample,sportsteamsputalotofeffortintoagameplan,butoftenit’stheunconscious（無(wú)意識(shí)的）humanwishtodosomethingdifferentlythatoftenleadstoanunexpectedwin.Thiscanalsoleadtothecommonmistakenideathatyoursuccessfuldecisionsshowyourskillandtalent，wheninfacttheyarejustluck.Perhapsonedayscientistswillbeabletopredictwhatdecisionspeoplewillmakebymeasuringbrainactivity.Inonestudy,volunteersweremonitoredwithbrain-scanningequipment.Theywereaskedtopresseitheraleftorarightbuttonwhenevertheywanted.Theresearchersfoundtheycouldpredictwhichbuttonthevolunteerswouldpressuptosevensecondsbeforeithappened—yourbrainseemstoknowwhatitwilldobeforeyoudo!Somescientistssayourbrainsarejustmachinesandwearenotreallyincontrolofwhat’sgoingon.Let’shopethey’rewrong!It’sonethingtobeabletotellwhichoftwobuttonsapersonwillpress,butIdon’tliketheideathatsciencecouldonedaytellmewhatdecisionsIwillmakeinmylifebeforeI’veevenhadthechancetomakethem!8.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouttheideathatscientistscanpredictpeople’sdecisions?A.Disappointed. B.Unhappy.C.Shocked. D.Absurd.9.Inwhichcaseissystem1morelikelytobeincontrol?A.Whenyouchooseauniversity.B.Whenyouplanabirthdayparty.C.Whenyouprepareforaperformance.D.Whenyoubuyajacketinthewindow.10.WhyistheexampleofsportsteamsmentionedinParagraph4?A.Toshowsystem1sometimesmakestherightdecision.B.Toshowsystem2usuallymakesthewrongdecision.C.Toshowwegothroughlifemainlyusingsystem2.D.Toshowpeoplearemorewillingtousesystem1.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TwoSystemsofThought B.EarlyBrainDevelopmentC.ImportanceofPlanning D.TwoWaysofDealingwithDanger【8~11題答案】【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了我們的大腦的兩種思維模式，即系統(tǒng)1和系統(tǒng)2，以及在生活中兩種模式是如何作用于我們的大腦決策的?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。由最終一段“Somescientistssayourbrainsarejustmachinesandwearenotreallyincontrolofwhat’sgoingon.Let’shopethey’rewrong!It’sonethingtobeabletotellwhichoftwobuttonsapersonwillpress,butIdon’tliketheideathatsciencecouldonedaytellmewhatdecisions1willmakeinmylifebeforeI’veevenhadthechancetomakethem!（一些科學(xué)家說(shuō)，我們的大腦只是機(jī)器，我們不能真正限制發(fā)生的事情。希望他們是錯(cuò)的!能夠推斷一個(gè)人會(huì)按兩個(gè)按鈕中的哪個(gè)是一回事，但是我不喜愛(ài)這樣的想法：有一天，在我還沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)做出確定之前，科學(xué)就能告知我，我的人生將會(huì)做出什么樣的確定）”可知，科學(xué)家提出，或許將來(lái)某一天，在我們做決策之前科學(xué)就可以預(yù)料我們的確定，作者不喜愛(ài)這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。作者也希望他們的這種觀點(diǎn)是錯(cuò)誤的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。由其次段“Haveyoueverfoundyourselfgivingintotemptation（誘惑）andunabletosay“no”tobuyingthatnewjacketinthewindow?Thisisbecausesystem1isincontrol—ahumancharacteristicwhichtheworldofadvertisinglikestomakethemostof!（你是否曾經(jīng)發(fā)覺(jué)自己屈服于誘惑，無(wú)法拒絕買(mǎi)櫥窗里的那件新夾克？這是因?yàn)橄到y(tǒng)1限制著一種人類(lèi)的特性，廣告界喜愛(ài)充分利用這種特性）”可知，當(dāng)看到櫥窗里的新外套的時(shí)候，我們無(wú)法抵制誘惑想要把它買(mǎi)下來(lái)，這個(gè)時(shí)候系統(tǒng)1在限制我們的大腦思維。A、B、C項(xiàng)屬于長(zhǎng)期的決策行為，第三段提到這種須要集中留意力的行為是系統(tǒng)2在作用的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。第四段中提到體育團(tuán)隊(duì)花費(fèi)很多精力來(lái)安排競(jìng)賽，但往往是無(wú)意識(shí)的南轅北轍的做法反而使他們?nèi)〉昧艘庀氩坏降某晒?。所以這個(gè)例子在印證第四段的首句觀點(diǎn)，“Weliketothinkthatwegothroughlifemainlyusingsystem2.However,sometimesit’ssystem1thatmakestherightdecisionbutsystem2thatgetsitwrong.（我們認(rèn)為我們的生活主要是通過(guò)系統(tǒng)2來(lái)完成的。然而，有時(shí)候是第一系統(tǒng)做出了正確的確定，而其次系統(tǒng)卻做出了錯(cuò)誤的確定）”。可知我們總覺(jué)得生活主要是由系統(tǒng)2在起作用。但是通常狀況下系統(tǒng)1反而會(huì)幫助我們做出正確的確定。故選A項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】主旨大意題?？v觀全文，作者分別介紹了我們大腦的兩種思維模式，即系統(tǒng)1和系統(tǒng)2,以及在生活中兩種模式是如何作用于我們的大腦決策的。最終提到了科學(xué)家認(rèn)為我們的決策是可以被預(yù)料的。所以整篇文章在圍圍著兩系統(tǒng)在講。故選A項(xiàng)DPawswalkacrossmykeyboard,andmycatMontyliesonmylap,unawareoftheworldbeyondourgardenfence.Intheseuncertaintimesofthepandemic,thecompanyofanimalsisneededmorethanever.Tothejoyofourcats,dogsandallpetsinbetween,stayingathomeisanopportunitytogivethemourundividedattention.Inreturn,theyprovideuswithamuch-neededsourceofhappiness.Petownershipiswellknowntohelpsettleanxiety,reducelonelinessandliftmoods.Evenaswespendanunprecedented（空前的）amountoftimeinisolation（隔離）,petsarestillactingaschannelstobuildingasenseofcommunityaspeoplesharepicturesoftheirbelovedcompanionsonlineinanefforttoraisespirits.Itisinsuchtimesthatwerealizejusthowmuchourpetsmatteraspartofthefamily.Asalong-termcatlady,Ihaveneverquestionedthatapetisapreciousmemberofthehousehold.Ourpetscanbeasvaluableasourhumanfamilymembersinteachingusaboutourselvesandhowtoapproachtheworld.Inshort,ouranimals'loveandloyaltyareunique.Assuch,thedeathofapetcanfeelassadasthatofaclosefriendorfamilymember.Thegrief（哀思）remainssomethingthatisoftenseenasshameful,andmanyadmittodemandingtimeoffworkwithoutbeinghonestaboutwhy.However,withthelossofapetcomesanemptinesswheretheirunconditionalloveoncewas,andmomentsinthedayoncededicatedtotheircarebecomesuddenlyunoccupied.VetandauthorJamesHerriotwrote,"Ifhavingasoulmeansbeingabletofeellove,loyaltyandthankfulness,animalsarebetteroffthanalotofhumans."Petsareanadditionalmemberofthefamily,andnowmorethanever,theycanserveasmodelsforthekindofbasichumanityweoughttobeextendingtoanunstableworld.12.Whatisthemainideaofparagraphs1and2?A.Howtoplaywithpets. B.Howkeepingapetbenefitshumans.C.Howtheauthorstartedtokeepapet. D.Howpetskeeppeopleawayduringisolation.13.Whatdoestheauthorthinkpetsmeantohumans?A.Theyareaspreciousasourfamilymembers. B.Theyareonlysecondarytofamilymembers.C.Theyaremoreliketeachersthanfriends. D.Theyhelpustakecareofourfamily.14.Whydopeopleliewhenrequestingtimeoffafterthedeathofapet?A.Theyfeelpuzzledaboutitsdeath.B.Theyconsideritaprivatefamilything.C.Theyareannoyedbythefeelingofemptiness.D.Theyfeelembarrassedabouttheirsadnessoverit.15.WhatdoesJamesHerriotimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Petscanteachustobebetterhumans. B.Petsneedmoreattentionnowthanever.C.Petsandhumanshavelittleincommon. D.Petscanactasatooltocalmtheworld.【12~15題答案】【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇爭(zhēng)論文，主要講的是養(yǎng)寵物的好處和寵物對(duì)人的重要性?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段的“Intheseuncertaintimesofthepandemic,thecompanyofanimalsisneededmorethanever...Inreturn,theyprovideuswithamuch-neededsourceofhappiness.（在大流行的不確定時(shí)期，人們比以往任何時(shí)候都更須要?jiǎng)游锏呐惆椤鳛榛貓?bào)，他們?yōu)槲覀児?yīng)了急需的華蜜源泉。）”及其次段的“Petownershipiswellknowntohelpsettleanxiety,reducelonelinessandliftmoods.Evenaswespendanunprecedented（空前的）amountoftimeinisolation（隔離）,petsarestillactingaschannelstobuildingasenseofcommunityaspeoplesharepicturesoftheirbelovedcompanionsonlineinanefforttoraisespirits.（眾所周知，養(yǎng)寵物有助于緩解焦慮、削減孤獨(dú)和改善心情。盡管我們花了前所未有的時(shí)間與外界隔絕，但寵物仍舊是建立社區(qū)意識(shí)的渠道，人們會(huì)在網(wǎng)上共享他們心愛(ài)的伴侶的照片，以提振精神。）”可知，第一段和其次段主要講的是養(yǎng)寵物對(duì)人類(lèi)的好處，即Howkeepingapetbenefitshumans，故選B。【13題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段的“Asalong-termcatlady,Ihaveneverquestionedthatapetisapreciousmemberofthehousehold.（作為一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期養(yǎng)貓的女人，我從未質(zhì)疑過(guò)寵物是家庭中寶貴的一員。）”可知，作者認(rèn)為寵物就像我們的家庭成員一樣寶貴。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段的“Thegriefremainssomethingthatisoftenseenasshameful,andmanyadmittodemandingtimeoffworkwithoutbeinghonestaboutwhy.（這種哀痛常常被視為是可恥的，很多人承認(rèn)自己要求請(qǐng)假，但沒(méi)有誠(chéng)懇地說(shuō)明緣由。）”可推斷出，人們?cè)趯櫸锼劳龊笠笮菁贂r(shí)會(huì)撒謊是因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)自己的哀痛感到尷尬。故選D。【15題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段的“Ifhavingasoulmeansbeingabletofeellove,loyaltyandthankfulness,animalsarebetteroffthanalotofhumans...theycanserveasmodelsforthekindofbasichumanityweoughttobeextendingtoanunstableworld（假如擁有靈魂意味著能夠感受到愛(ài)、忠誠(chéng)和感恩，那么動(dòng)物比很多人都要好……他們可以作為我們應(yīng)當(dāng)向一個(gè)不穩(wěn)定的世界延長(zhǎng)的基本人性的典范）”可推斷出，JamesHerriot在最終一段中示意了寵物可以教會(huì)我們成為更好的人。故選A。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。November2,2024wasamajoranniversaryfortheInternationalSpaceStationandmarked20yearssincepeoplefirstbeganlivingthere.Butthespacestation,infact,spent22yearsinEarth’sorbit.____16____Therewerejustthreesmallroomsinthespacestationwhenthefirstcrewarrived.Therewashardlyanyspaceforthemtomovearound.____17____BillShepherd,thestation’sfirstcommander,describedhistimelivingthereaslifeonashipatsea.____18____Communicationproblemscouldlasthours.“Eachdayseemedtohaveitsownchallengingthings,”Shepherdrecalledrecently.Butthesituationhascometoacloselongbefore.Todaythespacestationisalmostaslargeasafootballfield.____19____Astronautshavenear-continuouscommunicationandevenaphonetousepersonally.Ittakesonly90minutesforthespacestationtocircletheworld.____20____Shepherdsaidthepast20yearofinternationalexperienceandcooperationdrivesmassiveprojects,likepossiblysendinghumanstotheplanetMars,anddeservesstudyingandremembering.A.Livinginspacestationsseemstobefun.B.Itsfirstpiecewaslaunchedintospacein1998.C.Theyhadperiodicradiocontactwiththeground.D.Theairwaswarmandwet,leavingthemfeelingsticky.E.Thatgivescrewmembersachanceofenjoying16sunrisesand16sunsetseachday.F.Ithasenoughsolarpowerequipmenttofillalmostfour-tenthsof10,000squaremeters.G.Thespacestationdoesnothaveafridge,butithasacoolroomtokeepfruitsandvegetablesfresh.【16~20題答案】【答案】16.B17.D18.C19.F20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。2024年是國(guó)際太空站的20周年紀(jì)念日。文章主要將20年的太空站與現(xiàn)在的太空站作比較，說(shuō)明科技的重要性?！?6題詳解】依據(jù)空前“Butthespacestation,infact,spent22yearsinEarth’sorbit.（事實(shí)上，太空站在地球軌道上待了22年。）”以及后文“Therewerejustthreesmallroomsinthespacestationwhenthefirstcrewarrived.（當(dāng)?shù)谝唤M人員到達(dá)時(shí)，太空站只有3個(gè)小房間。）”可知，此句應(yīng)承上啟下，說(shuō)明第一次登上太空站的時(shí)間，故B項(xiàng)“它第一個(gè)部件是于1998年被送入太空”符合，故選B項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】依據(jù)空后“BillShepherd,thestation’sfirstcommander,describedhistimelivingthereaslifeonashipatsea.（Bill曾經(jīng)將他在太空站的生活描述為與海上船上的生活一樣）”可知，此句是D項(xiàng)“空氣暖和潮濕，讓他們覺(jué)得很黏”的順義承接，空氣潮濕，就跟在海上生活一樣潮濕，總感覺(jué)悶熱，很黏，故選D?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)空后“Communicationproblemscouldlasthours.（溝通問(wèn)題也會(huì)持續(xù)幾小時(shí)）”可知，此處講溝通、溝通的困難。故C項(xiàng)“他們與地面聯(lián)系運(yùn)用的是階段性的無(wú)線電”符合，溝通是階段性的，間或能聯(lián)系上，都在講20年前太空站溝通的問(wèn)題，故選C。【19題詳解】依據(jù)空前“Todaythespacestationisalmostaslargeasafootballfield.（現(xiàn)在的太空站與一個(gè)足球場(chǎng)一樣大。）”可知，此處講現(xiàn)在的太空站空間很大，故F項(xiàng)“在400平方米內(nèi)，它有著足夠多的太陽(yáng)能設(shè)備?！边M(jìn)一步說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在太空站的優(yōu)勢(shì)，符合，故選F?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)空前“Ittakesonly90minutesforthespacestationtocircletheworld.（太空站只須要90分鐘就能環(huán)繞世界一圈。）”可知，E項(xiàng)“著能讓機(jī)組成員在一天之內(nèi)看到16次日出和16次日落”順承前文，故此處E項(xiàng)符合，故項(xiàng)E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。In1963,12-year-oldEdithLee-PaynestoodamongthecrowdinWashington,takingpartinthelarger-than-life(有英雄色調(diào)的)events.She’dtravelledwithhermotherfromDetroitto____21____MartinLutherKing'sspeech—IHaveADream.ShelistenedtoDr.King’swordsinawe(敬畏地).Theexperience____22____Edithasanadultthroughsomeofhermostdifficultstruggles.In1990,whenshelosther20-year-oldsoninanaccident,EdithfollowedKing’sexampleandtransformedher____23____intoanefforttohelpherfellowAfrican-Americans.Thenin2008,nearly50yearsafterthespeech,Edithreceiveda(n)____24____phonecall.“Ihopeyou’resittingdown,Edith,”saidhercousinMarsha.MarshahadbeenoutshoppingwhenacalendarwithfamousimagesfromAfrican-American____25____jumpedoutather.RoseParks,FrederickDouglass,MartinLutherKingand...12-year-oldEdithLee-Payne.Edithlaughed.She____26____hercousinwasjoking.____27____,curiositygotthebetterofher.Afterthecousinhungup，EdithdidaGooglesearch.Thephotographwasn’thardtofind—infact,itwasfamous!Thephotohadbeenpublishedand____28____intextbooksformanyyears.Shecouldn’tbelieveshewasthe____29____ofsuchahistoricalphotograph.Butwhenshelookedatthephotoofthe12-year-oldgirl,shesaw______30______owneyesstaringbackather.Therewasnomistakeaboutit.ThephotowastakenbyRowlandScherman,thenayoungphotographerfortheUnitedStatesInformationAgency.Rowlandhadbeenstandingnearthe______31______asDr.Kingbegantospeak.Hewassearchingforthe______32______facetocapture(拍攝)theday’shigh______33______.Inthecrowdof250,000,oneyounggirlstoodout.Formany,Edithisapowerful______34______ofyouthstaringata______35______fullofhope.21.A.introduce B.hear C.report D.edit22.A.broughtin B.remainedwith C.lookedinto D.pointedout23.A.achievement B.purpose C.pain D.fortune24.A.official B.regular C.consulting D.unexpected25.A.habit B.language C.history D.prejudice26.A.explained B.noticed C.complained D.assumed27.A.Still B.Thus C.Besides D.Instead28.A.preserved B.designed C.reproduced D.examined29.A.supporter B.subject C.adolescent D.assistant30.A.its B.their C.her D.his31.A.studio B.court C.cottage D.stage32.A.perfect B.ordinary C.confused D.relaxed33.A.reputation B.intelligence C.energy D.quality34.A.learner B.representative C.photographer D.adviser35.A.scholar B.policy C.future D.statue【21~35題答案】【答案】21.B22.B23.C24.D25.C26.D27.A28.C29.B30.C31.D32.A33.C34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述的是Edith以金為榜樣，把她的苦痛變成一種努力，幫助她的非裔美國(guó)同胞的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她和她的媽媽從底特律一起旅行到華盛頓聽(tīng)馬丁?路德?金演講。A.introduce介紹；B.hear聽(tīng)見(jiàn)；C.report報(bào)道；D.edit編輯。依據(jù)下文的“MartinLutherKing'sspeech—IHaveADream.”可知，此處指“聽(tīng)見(jiàn)”演講。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這次經(jīng)驗(yàn)始終伴隨著Edith到成年。A.broughtin帶來(lái)，引進(jìn)；B.remainedwith屬于，取決于；C.lookedinto調(diào)查；D.pointedout指出，指明。依據(jù)下文“asanadultthroughsomeofhermostdifficultstruggles.”可知，此處指苦痛的經(jīng)驗(yàn)“伴隨著”她。故選B。23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Edith以金為榜樣，把她的苦痛變成一種努力，幫助她的非裔美國(guó)同胞。A.achievement成就；B.purpose目的，意圖；C.pain難受；D.fortune命運(yùn)，好運(yùn)。依據(jù)“transformedher____3____intoanefforttohelpherfellowAfrican-Americans”，可知，她把“苦痛”變成努力。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Edith接到一個(gè)意想不到的電話。A.official正式的；B.regular有規(guī)律的；C.consulting詢問(wèn)的；D.unexpected想不到的，意外的。依據(jù)下文“Marshahadbeenoutshopping”可知，這是一個(gè)“未料到的”電話。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Marsha正出去購(gòu)物,就在那時(shí)一個(gè)印有非裔美國(guó)人歷史上聞名人物的日歷突然出現(xiàn)在她的眼前。A.habit習(xí)慣；B.language語(yǔ)言；C.history歷史；D.prejudice偏見(jiàn)。依據(jù)空前的“acalendarwithfamousimagesfromAfrican-American”和下文的“RoseParks,FrederickDouglass,MartinLutherKingand...12-year-oldEdithLee-Payne.”可知，此處指一個(gè)“歷史”人物。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她以為她的堂姐妹在開(kāi)玩笑。A.explained說(shuō)明；B.noticed留意到；C.complained埋怨；D.assumed假定，假設(shè)。依據(jù)空后“hercousinwasjoking”，可知，這是Edith“認(rèn)為”。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而她的新奇心占據(jù)了上風(fēng)。A.Still仍舊；B.Thus因此；C.Besides另外；D.Instead代替。依據(jù)上文的“hercousinwasjoking”和下文的“curiositygotthebetterofher.”可知，前后是一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，still符合句意。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：很多年來(lái)照片在課本上刊登又再次出現(xiàn)。A.preserved保留；B.designed設(shè)計(jì)；C.reproduced重現(xiàn)，再生產(chǎn)；D.examined檢查。依據(jù)第9空后“suchahistoricalphotograph.”，可知，舊照片“再現(xiàn)”。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她不信任她是一張如此有歷史性的照片的主題。A.supporter支持者；B.subject主題，學(xué)科；C.adolescent青少年；D.assistant助理。依據(jù)“Shecouldn’tbelieveshewasthe____9____ofsuchahistoricalphotograph.”可知，此處指舊照片作為“主題”。故選B?！?/p>