江蘇專轉(zhuǎn)本（英語）模擬試卷6（共546題）

江蘇專轉(zhuǎn)本（英語）模擬試卷6（共6套）（共546題）江蘇專轉(zhuǎn)本（英語）模擬試卷第1套一、詞匯語法(本題共40題，每題1.0分，共40分。)1、Bytheendoftheyearallbuttwopeople______.A、haveleftB、willleaveC、willbeleavingD、willhaveleft標準答案：D知識點解析：句意：“到今年年底，除去兩個人以外其他人都離開?！鳖}中Bytheendoftheyear是表示將來時間的狀語，且由by引導的許多時間狀語通常要求謂語動詞使用完成時態(tài)。題中謂語部分應該使用將來完成時。2、Hecamebacklate,______whichtimealltheguestshadalreadyleft.A、afterB、byC、atD、during標準答案：B知識點解析：句意：“到他回來時，所有的客人都已經(jīng)走了”。本題考查介詞搭配。by與表示時間的名詞搭配時表示“到某時為止”，at多指具體時間等。3、Thetomatojuiceleftbrown______onthefrontofmyjacket.A、spotB、pointC、trackD、trace標準答案：A知識點解析：句意：“番茄汁在我夾克衫前面留下棕色的污漬”。本題考查詞義辨析。A項意為污點、斑點，B項意為點、尖端，C項意為蹤跡、足跡，D項意為蹤跡、行蹤。4、Idon’tthinkitadvisablethatTom______tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.A、isassignedB、willbeassignedC、beassignedD、hasbeenassigned標準答案：C知識點解析：句意：“湯姆缺乏經(jīng)驗，我認為派他去做這項工作不合適?！北绢}考查虛擬語氣。句中advisable要求that從句應該使用should+v，should可以省略。5、WilliamPenn,thefounderofPennsylvania,______defendedtherightofeverycitizentofreedomofchoiceinreligion.A、peculiarlyB、indifferentlyC、vigorouslyD、inevitably標準答案：C知識點解析：句意：“賓夕法尼亞州的創(chuàng)建者WilliamPenn堅決保護每位公民自由選擇宗教信仰的權利”。本題考查詞義辨析。A項意為特有的，B項意為無關緊要的，C項意為強健的，D項意為必然的。6、Everymaninthiscountryhastherighttolivewherehewantsto______thecolorofhisskin.A、withtheexceptionofB、inthelightofC、byvirtueofD、regardlessof標準答案：D知識點解析：句意：“這個國家的每個人不管什么膚色都有權利住在他想住的地方?！北绢}考查詞義辨析。A項意為除了……之外，B項意為鑒于、由于，C項意為借助、由于，D項意為不管、不顧。7、Theconference______afullweekbythetimeitends.A、musthavelastedB、willhavelastedC、wouldlastD、haslasted標準答案：D知識點解析：句意：“到結束時候為止，會議整整持續(xù)了一周”。本題考查時態(tài)。句子的狀語為bythetimeitends，說明謂語所表示的動作要延續(xù)到將來某一時刻為止。因此要用將來完成時。8、Theroomisinaterriblemess;it______cleaned.A、can’thavebeenB、mustn’thavebeenC、shouldn’thavebeenD、wouldn’thavebeen標準答案：A知識點解析：句意：“房間亂極了，一定沒有打掃過”。本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。根據(jù)旬意此句表示對過去情況的推斷，所以A項正確。因為它是對過去情況作出推斷應使用的musthavedone的否定形式。9、Cancerissecondonly______heartdiseaseasacauseofdeath.A、ofB、toC、withD、from標準答案：B知識點解析：句意：“癌癥是僅次于心臟病的致命性疾病”。本題考查固定搭配。Besecondtosomething／somebody意為：次于……的。10、Whenshewascriticized,sheclaimedthatitwasoutsideher______ofresponsibility.A、fieldB、limitC、extentD、range標準答案：D知識點解析：句意：“當她受到批評時，她聲稱這不是他責任范圍內(nèi)的事情?！北绢}考查詞義辨析。A項意為領域，B項意為限制，C項意為程度，D項意為范圍。從句意上看，空格處應與后面的ofresponsibility構成“責任范圍”之意。因此D為正確答案。11、Wehavebeentoldthatundernocircumstances______thetelephoneintheofficeforpersonalaffairs.A、mayweuseB、wemayuseC、wecoulduseD、didweuse標準答案：A知識點解析：句意：“我們被告知在任何時候都不能使用辦公室的電話談私事。”本題考查倒裝語序。含有no的介詞短語置于旬首時，主謂倒裝。12、Thelittlemanwas______onemetrefiftyhigh.A、almostmorethanB、hardlymorethanC、nearlymorethanD、asmuchas標準答案：B知識點解析：句意：“這個小個子男人的身高不超過1米5”。本題考查more…than的用法。根據(jù)句意分析，此句講的是一個小個子身材的矮小?？瞻撞糠謶搹姆穸ń嵌戎v這個人不足1．5米。13、Therocksareverybigwith______ofcolorsonthem.A、bandsB、marksC、railsD、shapes標準答案：A知識點解析：單詞辨析題。band(顏色與其余部分不同的)條紋。mark痕跡，斑點，記號，標記。本題是講巖石上色彩不同的“條紋”，故用bands。rail(軌道)，shape(形狀)，均不符合題意。14、Asuccessfulscientistneeds______ifhewantstomakehypothesis(假設)ofhowprocessesworkandhoweventstakeplace.A、permissionB、penetrationC、imaginationD、convention標準答案：C知識點解析：單詞辨析題。imagination想象力；penetration穿透；permission允許；convention慣例，常規(guī)。根據(jù)句子的意思選擇答案C。句子的意思是：一位成功的科學家如果想假設過程的發(fā)生和事件的發(fā)生，那么他需要有想象力。15、We______tostartourownbusiness,butweneverhadenoughmoney.A、havehopedB、hopeC、hadhopedD、shouldhope標準答案：C知識點解析：句意：“我們本來希望開辦自己的企業(yè)，但是我們的錢不夠”。Hope、except、suppose、want這一類的動詞用于過去完成時表示過去的希望、期待、意圖等沒有實現(xiàn)。16、Wedon’tneedairconditioning,______.A、norcanweafforditB、andnorwecanafforditC、neithercanafforditD、andwecanneitheraffordit標準答案：A知識點解析：句意：“我們不需要空調(diào)，我們也買不起?！北绢}考查倒裝語序。neither，nor開始的句子表示也不時，句子要倒裝。只有A項符合主語與情態(tài)動詞倒裝。17、Mike’suncleinsists______inthishotel.A、stayingnotB、nottostayC、thathewouldnotstayD、thathenotstay標準答案：D知識點解析：句意“麥克的叔叔堅決不讓他呆在旅館”。本題考查虛擬語氣。Insist做“堅持”講的時候，后面賓語從句謂語部分應使用should+v，should通常省略。18、Thestorehadto______anumberofclerksbecausesalesweredown.A、layoutB、layoffC、layasideD、laydown標準答案：B知識點解析：根據(jù)句意“因為銷售額下降，商店不得不裁員”。本題考查詞組辨析。A項意為布置、展開，B項意為解雇，C項意為把某事物擱置一邊，D項意為規(guī)定、制定。19、ThatwassoseriousamatterthatIhadnochoicebut______thepolice.A、calledinB、callinginC、callinD、tocallin標準答案：D知識點解析：句意：“那件事事關重大，我除了請警察別無選擇”。本題考查固定搭配。havenochoicebut后必須接帶to的不定式，意為：只能……別無選擇。20、Inasudden______ofanger,themantoreupeverythingwithinreach.A、attackB、burstC、splitD、blast標準答案：B知識點解析：句意：“一氣之下，男人把能夠得著的東西全部撕毀了”。本題考查詞義辨析。A項意為襲擊，B項意為進發(fā)，C項意為分裂，D項意為爆炸。21、______rightnow,shewouldgetthereonSunday.A、WouldsheleaveB、IfsheleavesC、WereshetoleaveD、Ifshehadleft標準答案：C知識點解析：句意：“如果她馬上出發(fā)，有可能在周日達到”。本題考查虛擬語氣。句意表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反。主句謂語用would+v，從句謂語部分應為were+v／should+v。省略if時，應使用倒裝結構。22、I’llacceptanyjob______Idon’thavetogetupearly.A、lestB、aslongasC、incaseD、though標準答案：B知識點解析：句意：“只要無需起早，我愿意接受任何工作”。本題考查狀語從旬。A項引導目的狀語從句，B項引導條件狀語從句，C項意為免得，D項意為盡管，引導讓步狀語從句。23、InBritainpeopledrive______theleft.A、atB、onC、toD、in標準答案：B知識點解析：句意：“在英國，人們靠左側(cè)行駛”。本題考查介詞用法。B項與theleft搭配意為在左邊。24、Everyonehadanapplicationfrominhishand,butnooneknewwhichofficeroom______.A、tosendittoB、tosenditC、tobesenttoD、tohaveitsent標準答案：A知識點解析：句意：“每個人手中有一份表格，但是沒有人知道應該送到哪一間辦公室去。”本題考查to的用法。根據(jù)上下文，后半句的意思為但是沒有人知道應該送到哪一間辦公室去。句中所給的whichofficeroom只是一個名詞詞組，因此需要一個介詞to與之構成的介詞結構來表示發(fā)送表格的地點狀語。To必不可少。25、Whenpeoplebecomeunemployed,itis______whichisoftenworsethanlackofwages.A、lazinessB、povertyC、idlenessD、inability標準答案：C知識點解析：句意：“失業(yè)時，無所事事比手頭上沒錢更糟糕”。本題考查詞義辨析。A項意為懶惰，B項意為貧窮，C項意為無所事事，D項意為無能。26、Thespeech______alivelydiscussionstarted.A、beingdeliveredB、wasdeliveredC、bedeliveredD、havingbeendelivered標準答案：D知識點解析：句意：“演講過后，熱烈的討論開始了”。本題考查獨立主格。Thespeech和alivelydiscussion說的不是同一件事，因此需要獨立主格結構做時間狀語，且應該使用分詞的完成形式。27、Thedestructionofthesetreasureswasalossformankindthatnoamountofmoneycould______.A、standuptoB、makeupforC、comeupwithD、putupwith標準答案：B知識點解析：根據(jù)句意：“這些珍寶的損壞對人類來說是金錢難以彌補的損失”。本題考查詞義辨析。A項意為勇敢面對，B項意為補償，C項意為提出，D項意為容忍。28、Wegaveoutacheerwhentheredroofofthecottagecame______view.A、fromB、inC、beforeD、into標準答案：D知識點解析：句意：“當小屋的紅色屋頂進人到我們的視線，大家都歡呼起來”。本題考查固定搭配。comeintoview意為：進入視線，看得見。29、Someoldpeopledon’tlikepopsongsbecausetheycan’t______somuchnoise.A、resistB、sustainC、tolerateD、undergo標準答案：C知識點解析：句意：“有些老年人不喜歡流行歌曲，因為他們?nèi)淌懿涣四敲炊嘣胍簟薄１绢}考查詞義辨析。A項意為抗拒，B項意保持，C項意為容忍，D項意為經(jīng)受。30、Wewelcomerain,buta(an)______largeamountofrainfallwillcausefloods.A、extensivelyB、extremelyC、speciallyD、constantly標準答案：B知識點解析：句意：“我們喜歡雨，但是雨量過大就會引發(fā)洪水?！北绢}考查詞義辨析。A項意為廣泛的，B項意為極端的，C項意為專門的、格外地，D項意為不斷地。31、Pleasebecarefulwhenyouaredrinkingcoffeeincaseyou______thenewcarpet.A、crashB、polluteC、spotD、stain標準答案：D知識點解析：句意“喝咖啡時請小心別弄臟新地毯”。本題考查詞義辨析。A項意為墜落，B項意為污染，C項意為有污點，D項意為玷污、弄臟。32、Ittookhimseveralmonthsto______thewildhorse.A、tendB、cultivateC、breedD、tame標準答案：D知識點解析：根據(jù)句意“他花了幾個月馴服這匹野馬。”本題考查詞義辨析。A項意為照管，B項意為培養(yǎng)，C項意為繁殖，D項意為馴服。33、Iwouldappreciate______itasecret.A、yourkeepingB、youtokeepC、thatyoukeepD、thatyouwillkeep標準答案：A知識點解析：句意：“你能對此保守秘密，我將十分感激”。本題考查固定搭配。appreciate后面須接動名詞作賓語。34、Ihavenoobjection______theeveningwiththem.A、tospendB、tospendingC、ofspendingD、spending標準答案：B知識點解析：句意：“我不反對和他共度這個夜晚”本題考查固定搭配。Haveno(an)objectiontosth．ordoingsth．。35、Couldyoufindsomeone______?A、formetoplaytenniswithB、formetoplaytennisC、playtenniswithD、playingtenniswith標準答案：A知識點解析：句意：“你能找個人陪我打網(wǎng)球嗎”。本題考查固定搭配。toplaytenniswithsb．意為與某人打網(wǎng)球。36、Wouldn’tyouratheryourchild______tobedearly?A、goB、wentC、wouldgoD、goes標準答案：B知識點解析：句意：“難道你不愿意你的小孩早點上床睡覺?”本題考查虛擬語氣。Wouldrather后若接從句，從句中動詞使用過去時，表示一種心愿。37、IfIhadremembered______thewindow,thethiefwouldnothavegotin.A、tocloseB、closingC、tohaveclosedD、havingclosed標準答案：A知識點解析：句意：“如果我記得關窗子的話，小偷就進不來了”。本題考查remember的搭配用法。remembertodosth．意為記住做某事(但還未做)，rememberdoingsth．記得做了某事(已經(jīng)做了)。38、Thenewappointmentofourpresident______fromtheverybeginningofnextsemester.A、takeseffectB、takespartC、takesplaceD、takesturns標準答案：A知識點解析：句意：“我們校長的新任期從下個學期開始”。本題考查詞義辨析。A項意為生效、起作用，B項意為參加、加入，C項意為發(fā)生、出現(xiàn)，D項意為依次、輪流。39、Ifthewholeoperation______beforehandagreatdealoftimeandmoneywouldhavebeenlost.A、wasnotplannedB、hasnotbeenplannedC、hadnotbeenplannedD、wasnotplanned標準答案：C知識點解析：句意：“要是沒有預先計劃好整個手術的話，大量的時間和金錢白白浪費了”。本題考查虛擬條件句。只有選項C符合它的時態(tài)搭配。40、Wehavetotryeverymeansto______thecostsoftheconstructionproject.A、bringoffB、bringforthC、bringdownD、bringback標準答案：C知識點解析：句意：“我們不得不嘗試用各種辦法來降低這個項目的建筑成本”。本題考查詞義辨析。A項意為成功地做某事，B項意為引起、提出，C項意為降低，D項意為把某物帶回來。二、常規(guī)閱讀(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)Myfather'sreactiontothebankbuildingat43rdStreetandFifthAvenueinNewYorkcitywasimmediateanddefinite:"Youwon'tcatchmeputtingmymoneyinthere!"hedeclared,"Notinthatglassbox!"Ofcourse,myfatherisagentlemanoftheoldschool,amemberofthegenerationtowhomagooddealofmodernarchitectureisupsetting,butIamconvincedthathisnegativeresponsewasnotsomuchtothearchitectureastoaviolationofhisconceptofthenatureofmoney.Inhisgenerationmoneywasthoughtofasarealcommodity(實物)thatcouldbecarried,orstolen.Consequently,toattractthecustomofasensibleman,abankhadtohaveheavywalls,barredwindows,andbronzedoors,toaffirmthefact,howeveruntrue,thatmoneywouldbesafeinside.Ifabuildingsdesignmadeitappearimpenetrable,theinstitutionwasnecessarilyreliable,andthemeaningoftheheavywallasanarchitecturesymboldweltintheprevailingattitudetowardmoney.Buttheattitudetowardmoneyhas,ofcourse,changed.Exceptingpocketmoney,cashofanykindisnowrarelyused;moneyasatangiblecommodityhaslargelybeenreplacedbycredit.Adeficit(赤字)economy,accompaniedbyhugeexpansion,hasledustothinkofmoneyasproductofthecreativeimagination.Thebankernolongeroffersusasafe;heoffersusaserviceinwhichthemostvaluableelementisthecreativityfortheinventionoflargenumbers.Itisinnowaysurprising,inviewofthischangeinattitude,thatwearewitnessingthedisappearanceoftheheavywalledbank.Justastheolderbankemphasizeditsstrength,thisbankbyitsarchitectureboastsofimaginativepowers.Fromthispointofviewitishardtosaywherearchitectureendsandhumanassertion(人們的說法)begins.41、Themainideaofthispassageisthat______.A、moneyisnotasvaluableasitwasinthepastB、changeshavetakenplaceinboththeappearanceandtheconceptofbanksC、thearchitecturalstyleoftheolderbankissuperiortothatofthemodernbankD、prejudicemakestheoldergenerationthinkthatthemodernbankisunreliable標準答案：B知識點解析：主旨題。該題要求學生總結文章的主題。文章主要寫了銀行發(fā)展的兩個方面：一是銀行的外在建筑風格，過去的銀行通常有heavywalls，barredwindows以及bronzedoors，給人以非常可靠、放心踏實的感覺；二是銀行的功能轉(zhuǎn)變。選項B正是恰當?shù)母爬ǎ詰撌钦_答案。文章并無涉及現(xiàn)在和過去對錢的價值比較，所以A項“錢不如過去值錢”不對。文章也沒有對比哪種建筑風格更好，所以C項“過去的銀行的建筑風格比現(xiàn)代銀行的建筑風格更好”也不對。D項說“偏見使得老一輩人認為現(xiàn)代銀行不可靠”，不符合文章意思。42、Howdotheoldergenerationandtheyoungeronethinkaboutmoney?A、Theformerthinksmoreofmoneythanthelatter.B、Theyoungergenerationvaluesmoneymorethantheoldergeneration.C、Bothgenerationsrelyontheimaginativepowerofbankerstomakemoney.D、Totheformermoneyisarealcommoditybuttothelatterthemeansofproducingmoremoney.標準答案：D知識點解析：細節(jié)歸納題。問題問老一代人與年輕一代人對錢的認識態(tài)度是什么?老一代人的看法可以從第三段開頭看出：“Inhisgenerationmoneywasthoughtofasarealcommoditythat…”年輕一代對錢的看法可以從第四段第四行至第六行，尤其是“…h(huán)eoffersusaserviceinwhichthemostvaluableelementisthecreativityfortheinventionoflargenumbers．”從上可以歸納出D項為該題的正確答案。43、Theword’’tangible"(Line2,Para.4)referstosomething______.A、thatispreciousB、thatisusableC、thatcanbetouchedD、thatcanbereproduced標準答案：C知識點解析：語義題。該題較容易，只要參閱第三段“commodity”后的定語從句“thatcouldbecarried，orstolen．”這實際上就是解釋老一代人對錢的看法，他們認為錢是可以被攜帶或被偷走，也就是能摸得到的實實在在的東西，C項正確。44、Accordingtothispassage,amodernbankershouldbe______.A、ambitiousandfriendlyB、reliableandpowerfulC、sensibleandimpenetrableD、imaginativeandcreative標準答案：D知識點解析：細節(jié)推論題。問題問現(xiàn)代銀行應該具有什么功能?四選項的意思分別是：A．“充滿雄心且友好”，B．“可靠且威力無窮”，C．“明智且不可穿越”，D.“富有想象且有創(chuàng)造性”。要回答這個問題，應定位在文章第四段“…inwhichthemostvaluableelementisthecreativity”和第五段“…boastsofimaginativepowers．"從中不難看出現(xiàn)代銀行應該是富有想象力并且有創(chuàng)造力。45、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthor’sattitudetowardsthenewtrendinbankis______.A、cautiousB、regretfulC、positiveD、hostile標準答案：C知識點解析：推論題。該題要求學生判斷作者對銀行的外在風格和功能的轉(zhuǎn)變這一趨勢的態(tài)度。最明確的提示應該是第四段開頭“Buttheattitudetowardmoneyhas，ofcourse，changed．”隨后進一步分析了現(xiàn)代銀行不同于過去銀行的功能，作者用了“creativeimagination”，可以看出其態(tài)度是肯定的。C項正確。Sixteenyearsago,EileenDoyle'shusband,anengineer,tookhisfourchildrenupforanearlymorningcupoftea,packedasmallcaseandwasneverseenorheardofagain.Eileenwasastonishedandinastateofdespair.Theyhadbeenahappyfamilyand,asfarassheknew,therehadbeennothingwrongwiththeirmarriage.Everydayoftheyearasmallgroupofmenandwomenquietlypackafewbelongingsandwithoutsomuchasanoteoragoodbyeclosethefrontdoorforthelasttime,leavingtheirdebts,theirworriesandtheirconfusedfamiliesbehindthem.Lastyear,morethan1,200menandnearlyasmanywomenwerereportedmissingfromhome-thehighestin15years.Manydidreturnhomewithinayear,butothersrejectedthepastcompletelyandarenowlivinganewlifesomewhereunderadifferentidentity.Tothoseleftbehindthisformofdesertionisaterribleblowtotheirprideandself-confidence.Eventhefinalityofdeathmightbepreferable.Atleastitdoesnotimplyrejectionorfailure.Worsethanthat,peoplecanbeleftwithanunfinishedmarriage,notknowingwhethertheywillhavetowaitsevenyearsbeforetheyarefreetostartafreshlife.ClinicalpsychologistPaulBrownbelievesmostdeparturesofthiskindtobewellplannedratherthanimpulsive."It'stypicalofthekindofpersonalitywhichseemsabletoignoreotherpeople'spainanddifficulties.Runningaway,likekillingyourself,isahighlyaggressiveact.Bycreatinganabsencethepeopleleftbehindfeelguilty,upsetandempty."46、Whenherhusbandlefthome,EileenDoyle______.A、couldnotforgivehimfortakingthechildrenB、hadbeenexpectingittohappenforsometimeC、couldnotunderstandwhyD、blamedherselfforwhathadhappened標準答案：C知識點解析：細節(jié)理解題。問題問“當她的丈夫離家出走時，EileenDoyle怎么樣?”根據(jù)第一段第二行“Eileenwasastonished…”可以斷定C“(她)不明白為什么”應該是正確答案。其余三項均不符合文章意思。47、Mostpeoplewholeavetheirfamiliesbehindthem______.A、dosowithoutwarningB、dosobecauseoftheirdebtsC、comebackimmediatelyD、changetheirnames標準答案：A知識點解析：細節(jié)理解題。問題問“離開家庭的大多數(shù)人怎么樣”。該題較簡單，解題依據(jù)應該是文章第二段，其大意為：一年中的每一天都有一小幫男人和女人悄然收拾幾件行李，沒有留下任何紙條或說一聲再見(“…withoutsomuchasanoteorgoodbye…”，其中withoutsomuchas為重要句型，表示“甚至……都沒有”)，最后一次關上前門離家出走了，把他們的債務、他們的憂慮，還有迷惑不解的家庭拋在身后。A項正確。48、Somepeoplewouldevenpreferthedeathtotherunningawayoftheirspouse(配偶)because______.A、theirspousewouldfeelnopainduringthedeathB、theirspousedeathwouldnotblowtheirprideandconfidenceC、adesertionwouldnotbringafeelingofrejectionorfailureD、theirspousedeathwouldmakethemfeellesspainful標準答案：D知識點解析：細節(jié)理解題。文章第四段第二、三旬說明那些被遺棄的人甚至寧愿自己的配偶已經(jīng)死亡，至少死亡不會意味著自己被拋棄或失敗，所以要比被遺棄的感覺好點。B、C兩項屬于考試中典型的陷阱式干擾項，因為B項中的“prideandconfidence”及C項中的“rejectionorfailure”在原文中皆有出現(xiàn)，馬虎的考生可能不假思索就選了B或C，正好中了圈套，其實稍微細心一點就會發(fā)現(xiàn)B、C和文章所說的并不是一回事。第四段第三句“Atleastit…”中的it是指death而不是題干中主語所指。49、Themanorwomanleftbehindwithanunfinishedmarriageusually______.A、admitsresponsibilityforthesituationB、wishesthepersonwhohasleftweredeadC、comesbackwithinayearD、willhavenolegalmarriagelifeforsevenyears標準答案：D知識點解析：細節(jié)推論題。問題的題干應該在第四段開頭，所以答案在此之后“…Worsethanthat，…anunfinishedmarriage，…waitsevenyearsbefore…”D項正是這種意思。50、PaulBrownregardsleavinghomeinsuchcircumstancesas______.A、anactofdespairB、anactofselfishnessC、theresultofasuddendecisionD、theresultoftheenormoussenseofguilt標準答案：B知識點解析：細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段第二行“It’stypicaiofthekindofpersonalitywhichseemsabletoignoreotherpeopie’spainanddifficulties．”B項說“這是…種自私行為”，為正確答案。A.“這是種絕望行為”；C“這是突然決定的結果”；D.“這是沉重負疚感的結果”。JamesJoycewasanIrishnovelistwhorevolutionizedthemethodsofdepictingcharactersanddevelopingaplotinmodernfiction.Hisastonishingwayofconstructinganovel,hisfrankportrayalofhumannatureinhisbooks,andhiscompletecommandofEnglishhavemadehimoneoftheoutstandinginfluencesonliteratureinthe20thCentury.ManycriticsjudgethatheissecondonlytoShakespeareinhismasteryoftheEnglishlanguage.JoycewasdeeplyinfluencedbyIrelandandwroteallhisbooksaboutDublin.WhenhewasinDublinCollege,hestudiedlanguagesandspenthissparetimereadingbooks.Herefusedtotakepartinthenationalistmovementlikehisfellowstudents,buthebecamepassionatelyinterestedinliterature.HewroteoutspokenarticlesofliterarycriticismthatshockedhisteachersandeventaughthimselfNorwegiansothathecouldreadIbsen'sworksintheoriginal.Whenhegraduatedin1902,heknewhewouldbecomeawriterandanexile,becausehefelthecouldnotbeonewithouttheother.Inordertopreservehisidealofwritingtruthfully,fully,andasobjectivelyasheknewhow,aboutthepeopleandplacesheknewbest,hehadtoescapefromalltemptationstobecomeinvolvedinpopularopinionorpubliclife.HewenttoFrance,ItalyandSwitzerland,wherehelivedinpovertyandobscurityforthefirst20years,onlyreturningtoIrelandwhenhismotherwasdying.Exceptforacoupleofbrieftrips,hestayedabroadallhislife.51、JamesJoycewasfirstofalla______.A、revolutionaryB、criticC、novelistD、exile標準答案：C知識點解析：細節(jié)考察題。文章第一旬就已告訴我們他是一位小說家。52、JamesJoycewasfamousformanyreasonsEXCEPT______.A、hiswayofconstructinganovelB、hisfrankportrayalofhumannatureC、hiscompletecommandofEnglishD、hispassioninliterature標準答案：D知識點解析：細節(jié)考察題。他成為20世紀對文學產(chǎn)生深遠影響的人物之一，是由于他的小說的獨特構造，他對人性的率直描寫及他對英語的完全掌握，即A、B、C,只有D不是他聞名于世的原因，因此D為正確答案。53、"HeissecondonlytoShakespeare"isacommentonhis______.A、achievementinliteratureB、achievementinthenationalistmovementC、achievementinhisstudyoflanguagesD、masteryoftheEnglishlanguage標準答案：D知識點解析：細節(jié)考察題?！癷nhismasteryoftheEnglishlanguage”表明范圍、方面．即在英語語言的掌握方面僅次于莎士比亞，本文沒有具體提到他對文學的貢獻或他學習的成績，他沒有參加民族運動，不可能在這方面有什么貢獻，因此D為正確答案。54、Howmanyexamplesareusedtoshowhispassioninliterature?A、2B、3C、1D、4標準答案：A知識點解析：邏輯關系題。第二段提到他沉迷于文學，然后用兩個例子進一步說明：他寫的非常大膽的文學評論文章讓他的老師大為吃驚，他甚至自學挪威語以便閱讀易卜生原著。55、WhydidJamesJoycestayabroadalmostallhislife?A、Becausehewantedtoliveinpovertyandobscurity.B、Becausehewantedtowritethepeopleandplacesheknewbest.C、Becausehewantedtoescapefromalltemptationstobecomeinvolvedinpopularopinionorpubliclife.D、Becausehewantedtopreservehisidealofwritingtruthfully,fullyandobjectivelyaboutthepeopleandtheplacesheknewbest.標準答案：D知識點解析：“JamesJoyce幾乎一生都住在國外是因為他想保護他的寫作理想，即真實、完整、客觀地寫他最為熟知的人物和地方?！币蚬袛囝}。原文用inorderto來表明因果關系，因此topreservehisidealofwritingtruthfully，fully，……為原因．結果就是hehadtoescapefromalltemptationstobecomeinvolvedinpopularopinionorpubliclife，即移居國外。Accordingtosociologists,thereareseveraldifferentwaysinwhichapersonmaybecomerecognizedastheleaderofasocialgroup.Inthefamily,traditionalculturalpatternsconferleadershipononeorbothoftheparents.Inothercases,suchasfriendshipgroups,oneormorepersonsmaygraduallyemergeasleaders,althoughthereisnoformalprocessofselection.Inlargergroups,leadersareusuallychosenformallythroughelectionorrecruitment.Althoughleadersareoftenthoughttobepeoplewithunusualpersonalability,decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproduceconsistentevidencethatthereisanycategoryof"naturalleaders".Itseemsthatthereisnosetofpersonalqualitiesthatallleadershaveincommon;rather,virtuallyanypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup.Researchsuggeststhattherearetypicallytwodifferentleadershiprolesthatareheldbydifferentindividuals.Instrumentalleadershipisleadershipthatemphasizesthecompletionoftasksbyasocialgroup.Groupmemberslooktoinstrumentalleadersto"getthingsdone".Expressiveleadership,ontheotherhand,isleadershipthatemphasizesthecollectivewellbeingsofasocialgroup'smembers.Expressiveleadersarelessconcernedwiththeoverallgoalsofthegroupthanwithprovidingemotionalsupporttogroupmembersandattemptingtominimizetensionandconflictamongthem.Instrumentalleadersarelikelytohavearathersecondaryrelationshiptoothergroupmembers.Theygiveothersandmaydisciplinegroupmemberswhoinhibit(阻礙)attainmentofthegroup'sgoals.Expressiveleaderscultivateamorepersonalorprimaryrelationshiptoothersinthegroup.Theyoffersympathywhensomeoneexperiencesdifficultiesandtrytoresolveissuesthatthreatentodividethegroup.Asthedifferenceinthesetworolessuggest,expressiveleadersgenerallyreceivemorepersonalaffectionfromgroupmembers;instrumentalleaders,iftheyaresuccessfulinpromotinggroupgoals,mayenjoyamoredistantrespect.56、Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A、Theproblemsfacedbyleaders.B、Howleadershipdiffersinsmallandlargegroups.C、Howsocialgroupsdeterminewhowillleadthem.D、Theroleofleadersinsocialgroups.標準答案：D知識點解析：主旨題。本篇主要討論不同的領導者(如instrumentalleaders，expressiveleaders)在不同的社會群體中所充當?shù)慕巧桶l(fā)揮的功能。所以D為正確答案。A、B、C選項都不能正確概括本文主旨。57、ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingwaysbywhichpeoplecanbecomerecognizedasaleaderofasocialgroupEXCEPTA、recruitmentB、formalelectionprocessC、specificleadershiptrainingD、traditionalculturalpatterns標準答案：C知識點解析：細節(jié)理解題。A選項的招募(recruitment)和B選項選舉程序(electionprocess)都在第一段中作為大群體的領導者產(chǎn)生的方式被明確提到。D選項也在第一段中作為家庭領導者的產(chǎn)生的方式被明確提到。只有C選項沒有作為產(chǎn)生領導者的一種方式在本文中被提及。58、Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutleadershipcanbeinferredfromparagraph1?A、personwhoisaneffectiveleaderofaparticulargroupmaynotbeaneffectiveleaderinanothergroup.B、Fewpeoplesucceedinsharingaleadershiprolewithanotherperson.C、Apersoncanbestlearnhowtobeaneffectiveleaderbystudyingresearchonleadership.D、Mostpeopledesiretobeleadersbutcanproducelittleevidenceoftheirqualifications.標準答案：A知識點解析：推論題。A選項意思是：某一特定群體的有效領導者，不一定就可以成為另一群體的有效領導者。這正好與第一段的意思相吻合，即領導者沒有一個固定的特點，只是符合了一個特定群體需要的人就有可能成為該群體的領導者(Itseems...virtuallyanypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup)。B選項和C選項的意思與本文無關。D選項意為：許多人想成為領導者，但卻很少能拿出證據(jù)來證明他們具有這樣的資格。顯然是對文章意思的曲解。59、Inmentioning"naturalleaders"inline8,theauthorismakingthepointthat______.A、fewpeoplequalifyas"naturalleaders"B、thereisnoproofthat"naturalleaders"existC、naturalleadersareeasilyacceptedbythemembersofagroupD、naturalleadersshareasimilarsetofcharacteristics標準答案：B知識點解析：細節(jié)理解題。第一段中“…decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproduceconsistentevidencethatthereisanycategoryof‘naturalleaders’”意思是說數(shù)十年來的研究并不能找出可靠證據(jù)來證明那些人可以成為“天生領導者”，與B項意思一致。60、Thepassageindicatesthatinstrumentalleadersgenerallyfocuson______.A、ensuringharmoniousrelationshipsB、sharingresponsibilitywithgroupmembersC、identifyingnewleadersD、achievingagoal標準答案：D知識點解析：細節(jié)理解題。第二、三段主要講了兩種類型的領導者的區(qū)別。其中instrumentalleader側(cè)重于群體目標的實現(xiàn)，而expressiveleader相對于前者并不側(cè)重于群體目標的實現(xiàn)，而是注重為群體成員提供情感支持，并盡力減少內(nèi)部紛爭(Expressiveleadersarelessconcernedwiththeoverallgoalsofthegroupthanwithprovidingemotionalsupporttogroupmembersandattemptingtominimizetensionandconflictamongthem.)。三、完型填空(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)Anyonewhohasriddenonarailroadtrainknowshowrapidlyanothertrain【C1】______bywhenitistravellinginthe【C2】______directionandconverselyhowitmaylookalmost【C3】______whenitismovinginthesamedirection.【C4】______atrainatastationstartstomoveforward【C5】______gentlythatpassengersfeelsnobackwardmovement【C6】______.Theniftheyhappenedto【C7】______thewindowandseeanothertrainslidepastonthenexttrack,theyhavenowayofknowing【C8】______trainisinmotionandwhichisatrest;【C9】______cantheytellhowfasteitheroneismovingorinwhichdirection.Theonlywaytheycanjudgetheir【C10】______isbylookingouttheothersideofthecarforsomefixedbodyofreference【C11】______thestationplatformorasinglelight.Newtonwas【C12】______thesetricksofmotion,onlyhethoughtintermsofships.Heknewthatonacalmdayatseaasailorcanshavehimselfordrinksoupas【C13】______aswhenhisshipislyingmotionlessinharbor.Thewaterinhisbasin,thesoupinhisbowl,willremain【C14】______whethertheshipismakingfiveknots,fifteenknotsortwety-fiveknots.So【C15】______helookshardattheseaitwillbe【C16】______forhimtoknowhowfasthisshipismovingorindeedifitismovingatall.Ofcourse,iftheseashouldgetroughortheshipchangescoursesuddenly,【C17】______hewillsensehisstateofmotion.Butevensupposingthatwehavetheidealizedconditionsofaglasscalmseaandasilentship,nothingthathappensbelowdecks,noamountofobservationormechanicalexperiment,performedinsidetheship,willrevealitsvelocitythroughthesea.Thephysical【C18】______basedonthesefactswasformulatedbyNewtonin1687."Themotionsofbodiesincludedinagivenspace,"hewrote,"arethesame【C19】______themselves,whetherthatspaceisatrestormovesuniformly【C20】______inastraightline."61、【C1】A、passesB、goesC、flashesD、moves標準答案：C知識點解析：pass經(jīng)過；go走，駛；flash指速度非?？扉W電般地飛馳，掠過；pass，go，move這三個詞遠不及flash；move運行，移動，但動作要慢得多。62、【C2】A、differentB、oppositeC、unlikeD、diverse標準答案：B知識點解析：different不同的；opposite相反的；unlike不相似的；diverse分散的，幾個的。63、【C3】A、noiselessB、motionlessC、calmnessD、movingly標準答案：B知識點解析：noiseless無噪音的；motionless靜止的，不動的；calmness是名詞“平靜”；movingly是副詞“活動”。64、【C4】A、AtalltimesB、AllthewhileC、AtalltimeD、Onceinawhile標準答案：D知識點解析：atalltimes無論如何，一直；allthewhile一直，始終；atalltime始終；onceinawhile有時，偶然。65、【C5】A、soB、veryC、muchD、as標準答案：A知識點解析：此題是so…that句型。B、C、D均不與that搭配。66、【C6】A、wheneverB、whereverC、whateverD、whichever標準答案：C知識點解析：whatever可作連詞，形容詞，還可作副詞“無論如何”。67、【C7】A、watchyouB、markoutC、lookoutD、view標準答案：C知識點解析：watchout當心，注意；markout規(guī)劃；lookout朝外看，把頭伸出去看；view仔細觀察。68、【C8】A、whichB、whatC、thatD、if標準答案：A知識點解析：聯(lián)系上下文可知此空和“train．．．"與后面的“which…”是并列的賓語從句，因此填which。69、【C9】A、andB、butC、orD、nor標準答案：D知識點解析：nor也不，常與neither或not連用，有時也與no，never等表示否定的詞連用，也可用在肯定句后，語序要倒裝。如：Thearticleisnotlong，noristhestyleeasy，and連接兩個對等的句子；but表示轉(zhuǎn)折；or表示選擇。70、【C10】A、conditionB、positionC、situationD、state標準答案：C知識點解析：condition條件，形勢；position職務，方位；situation位置，處境；state狀況，情形。71、【C11】A、likeB、loveC、devoteD、attach標準答案：A知識點解析：like作為介詞使用，意為“如，像”。B、C、D都是動詞，不可采用。72、【C12】A、fondofB、awareofC、keenonD、interestedin標準答案：B知識點解析：fondof喜歡；awareof知道；keenon喜歡；interestedin對……感興趣。73、【C13】A、easilyB、comfortablyC、reliablyD、vigorously標準答案：B知識點解析：easily容易地；reliably可靠地；comfortably舒適地；vigorously精力充沛地。74、【C14】A、unruf