大學(xué)英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷42（共215題）

大學(xué)英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷42（共9套）（共215題）大學(xué)英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套一、詞匯理解(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)Onelunchtime,MayWardwasdoinghershoppinginalocalsupermarket,whenshesuddenlyslippedandfell.Shewasbadlyshakenandbruisedbut【C1】______nothingseriousresulted.Itturnedoutthatshehasslippedonsomeice-creamwhichhadbeenspilledonthefloor.Twoweekslatershewrotetothefirmtoclaimcompensation.Sheassertedthattheyhadbeennegligentand【C2】______innotkeepingthefloorclean.Thefirmdenieditand【C3】______thattheyhadapropersystemand【C4】______forkeepingthefloorclean.SinceMrs.Wardfeltthatshewas【C5】______tocompensation,shesuedthefirmintheLawCourts.Herethefirmclaimedthatitdidnotfollow,justbecausesomeonehasslippedonthefloor,thattheymusthavebeennegligentcarryingouttheirduties.Theysaidthatunlessthecustomercouldprovehowtheice-creamcametobeonthefloor,andhowlongithadbeenlefttherebeforetheaccidenthappened,shehadnotmadeoutaproper【C6】______againstthem.Butthejudgetookadifferentview.Hesaidthattheaccidentwouldnothavehappenedatallifthefirmhadtaken【C7】______care.Itwasuptothefirm,hesaid,toprovide【C8】______,thattheaccidentdidnot【C9】______fromanynegligenceontheirpart.Theywould【C10】______beinabetterpositionthanthecustomertoestablishhowlongtheice-creamhadbeenspiltandexplainthecircumstancestotheCourts.ThefinalresultwasthatMrs.Wardreceived￡137aspaymentfordamages.A)reasonableB)obviouslyC)evidenceD)caseE)innocentF)inconvenienceG)deriveH)maintainedI)entitledJ)ariseK)carelessL)unexpectedlyM)determineN)fortunatelyO)instructions1、【C1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：N知識點(diǎn)解析：此處需要一個副詞，評說傷勢不重。詞庫中fortunately“所幸的是”符合句意。2、【C2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：K知識點(diǎn)解析：填入此處的詞與negligent為并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)為形容詞或分詞。梅．沃德認(rèn)為超市公司有疏忽之處，沒有保持地面干凈?？梢?，careless符合語義要求。3、【C3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)空格前的denied(否認(rèn))，可知此處需填入動詞過去式。后面的“有一套合理的體系”說明這是公司在自我辯護(hù)，由此確定答案為maintained“堅持認(rèn)為”。4、【C4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：O知識點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)為名詞，與前面的apropersystem并列，是公司為自己辯護(hù)的理由。結(jié)合后面的“保持地面整潔”選擇詞庫中的instructions，表示“保持地面整潔的指示”。5、【C5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I知識點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填入形容詞或分詞，且能與介詞to搭配。沃德太太把公司告上了法庭是因?yàn)樗X得有理由得到賠償。填入的詞應(yīng)表“有權(quán)利”、“有理由”之類的意思，entitled符合條件，beentitledtosth．意為“有……的權(quán)利”。6、【C6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識點(diǎn)解析：不定冠詞a提示此處需填入名詞單數(shù)形式，而且能與makeout形成搭配。超市公司認(rèn)為：只有證明冰激凌如何丟在地上、落在地上多久后才發(fā)生事故，沃德太太才有理由起訴。case符合語意，makeoutacase意為“找到充分的理由”。7、【C7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填入修飾care的定語，可為形容詞、名詞或分詞。法官認(rèn)為公司如果處理得當(dāng)，這類事件就不會發(fā)生。詞庫中reasonable符合句意。8、【C8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點(diǎn)解析：此處應(yīng)填名詞作provide的賓語。句中he指上文提到的thejudge，法官一般需要當(dāng)事人提供“證據(jù)”，故用evidence。9、【C9】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：J知識點(diǎn)解析：didnot提示此處應(yīng)填入動詞原形，且該詞能與后面的from搭配。這里法官指出超市公司需提供證據(jù)證明事故不是由他們造成的，即提及了造成事故的原因，arisefrom“由……引起”強(qiáng)調(diào)起因，符合語境。derive雖能與from搭配，但derivefrom“從……起源”強(qiáng)調(diào)起源，不符合句意。10、【C10】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點(diǎn)解析：空格位于would和be之間，應(yīng)為副詞。上文提到，法官認(rèn)為得由公司提供證據(jù)，再結(jié)合本句后面的betterposition，可知公司提供證據(jù)肯定比消費(fèi)者要容易，obviously符合句意。二、長篇閱讀(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)HowtoLovetheWorldAsItIs?[A]Itstruckmerecentlythatalotofpeoplethinktheyknowwhat'swrongwiththisworld,anditalsostruckmethatthey'reallwrong.Seriously—almosteverypoliticalandreligiousgroup,everyopinionatedperson,everypublicationwithanopinion,hassaidatonetimeoranotherwhattheythinkiswrongwiththisworld.Sowhat'sreallywrongwiththeworld,inmyopinion?Notathing.[B]Itseemstobeaprevailingworld-viewthattheworldismessedup,thattherearejustafewthingswrongwithit,andifwecouldonlygetthosethingstochange,theworldwouldbegreat.Ifwecouldjusteducatepeopleandgetthemtorealizewhat'swrongwiththisworld,thingscouldchange.[C]Thistypeofviewoftheworldstemsfromanidealthatmanypeoplehaveintheirheadsofwhattheworldshouldbelike.Theymightnotrealizetheyhavethatideal,butit'sthere.AndtheworldwillneverreachthisPlatonicideal,becauseit'sjustthisimageofperfectionthatdoesnotmatchreality.Realityandthisidealareincompatible.[D]Sowhat'swrongwiththatview?Nothing'swrongwithit,actually.That'showmostpeopleare,andIdon'tthinkIcanchangethat,norwouldIwantto.Ithoughtitwouldbeaninterestingdiscussion,though,becauseIthinkthisdiscrepancybetweenwhatpeoplethinktheworldshouldbeandwhattheworldreallyiscancauseunhappiness.Ifyouwanttheworldtobecompletelyvegetarianandkindtoanimals,anditisn'tandwon'tbeintheforeseeablefuture,youwillmostlikelybeunhappy.Ifyouwanttheworldtogobacktohowitwasduringyourchildhood,orduringyourparents'generation,anditisn'tlikelytodoso,you'renotgoingtobehappy.Thesameistrueofanyofourideals.It'sverypossiblethattherealityofthepeopleinyourlifedon'tmeettheseideals.Thatmightcauseyoutobeunhappywiththem.Whenrealitydoesn'tmeetideals—anditrarelydoes—webecomeunhappy.[E]Sowhat'sthealternative?I'mnotproposingthatyou,oranyoneelse,changeyourworld-view.Ifyou,oranyoneelse,arehappywiththatworld-view,don'tchangeit.Butthereisanalternative,andI'mnotsayingit'sbetter.It'stheworld-viewItrytohave:insteadofhavinganideal,stoplookingforperfection.Accepttheworldasitis,andloveitforwhatitis.Acceptpeopleastheyare,andlovethem.[F]Whatwouldbetheresultofthisalternativeworld-view?Well,Ithinkyou'dbehappier,ifonlybecauseyoudidn'tseetheworldasafundamentallyflawedorevilplace,andbegantoseethegoodintheworld.This,however,isopentoindividualinterpretation,andyourownexperienceislikelytobedifferentthanmine.[G]Doesthismeanthatweshouldgiveupontryingtomakepositivechangesintheworld?Shouldwestoptryingtomaketheworldabetterplace?No!Don'teverstoptryingtodogoodthings!Eveniftheworldisalreadyagoodplace,wecanalwaysfindhappinessandsatisfactionintryingtodogood,intryingtomakepeople'slivesbetter.[H]Butwhataboutalltheevilandsufferingintheworld?Shouldweacceptandlovethataswell?That'sthetoughestpart,Ithink.It'shardtoacceptthatpeoplearedyingofdiseasesandfamineandwarandmurderandabuse,andperhapsimpossibletolovethataspectoftheworld.Youdon'thavetoloveit,butithelpstotrytoreallyunderstandit.Whydoesthishappen?Whatarethedeeperreasons?Attheheartofthedeepestreasonsishumanity—weareallflawedcreaturesinsomeway,andthat'swhatmakesushumanandbeautiful.[I]Whywouldsomeonecommitviolence,forexample?Becausetheyareevil?Therearenumerousreasons,butattheheartofitisprobablythatthispersonwashurt,abandoned,abused,orneglectedinsomeway,atsomepointinhislife.Thatpersonneedsourcompassionmorethananyone.Andifwetrytounderstandthisperson,orunderstandtheheartofanyviolenceintheworld,thenwecanbetterapplytheloveandcompassionthat'sneededtohealthispainandmaketheworldabetterplace.[J]Solet'ssaythatyou'dliketotrythisworld-view.You'dliketolovepeople,andtheentireworld,asitis,andnotasyou'dlikeittobe.Howdoyougoaboutdoingthat?TherearesixthingsIrecommenddoing.[K](1)Stoplookingforperfectionandideals.Realizethatyouhaveanidealinyourhead,andthatitisprobablyincompatiblewiththeworld.Itmightbeanidealaboutaperson,orabouthowthingsshouldbe.Theworldandpeoplearenotperfect.Stoplookingforperfection,andrealizethatitisalreadyhere.[L](2)Observe.Insteadoflookingatthisidealpictureinyourhead,lookatwhat'sreallythere.Whatistheworldreallylike?Whatarepeoplereallylike?Theonlywaytoknowthisistoobserve.Listentopeople.Lookattheworldaroundyou.Gatherdata,fromreality.[M](3)Understand.Nowthatyouhavethisdata,startaskingquestions.Whyarepeoplethewaytheyare?Whydidsomeonedowhattheydid?Whydoesthisproblemreallyexist?Don'tstopatthefirstanswersyoucomeupwith—digdeeper,anddeeper,untilyoureallyunderstandsomething.Seektounderstandbeforeyoujudge,inallsituations.Sometimesthatwillrequireimagination—youwon'tbeabletoreallyknowtherootofsomethingunlessyoupersonallyinvestigateeverything,butinsteadsometimesyoucantrytoimaginewhatmadeapersonthewaytheyare,orasituationwhatitis.[N](4)Accept.Onceyou'veobservedandbeguntounderstand,acceptthatthisisthewaytheworldis.Thisiswhothepersonis.Theworldisn'tgoingtomeetanyideal—itiswhatitis,andwhileitwillalwayschange,itprobablywon'tchangetomeetyourideal.Thepersoninquestionisexactlythesame—theywon'tmeetyourideal,butarewhotheyare.Acceptthisasfact.[O](5)LoveandCompassion.Onceyou'veacceptedthingsorpeopleastheyare,trytofinditinyourhearttolovethem,astheyare.Thewaytodothisistoseethegoodineverythingandeveryone,andifyou'vesoughttoreallylookandunderstand,youwillfindgoodineverything.[P](6)EnjoyLife.Theworldisawonderfulplaceonceyou'veaccepteditforwhatitisandsoughttoloveit.Peoplearewonderfulcreatures,fulloflifeandcreativityandmessinessanduniqueness.Acceptthis,understandit,loveit.Andenjoythisgiftwe'vebeengiven,foritisincredible.Andperfect,justasitis.11、Theprevailingbeliefisthattheworldisinamessandachangeofthesituationwouldmaketheworldbecomebetter.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)prevailingbelief和mess定位到B段。首句指出，當(dāng)前流行的一種世界觀是這個世界很混亂，存在一些問題，但只要我們解決了這些問題，這個世界會變得非常美好。本題句子是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。12、Therehavebeenwars,murdersandabusesduetoourhumanity.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)wars，murders，abuses和humanity定位到H段。該段說，要人們接受因疾病、饑荒、戰(zhàn)爭、謀殺和虐待而失去生命的確很難，而要喜愛這些也許根本就是不可能的。但是造成這些的最深層的原因就是人性——我們在某方面天生就有缺陷。本題句子是對原文的概括，其中dueto對應(yīng)原文的reasons。13、Theonlywaytofindoutwhattheworldisreallylikeistoobserve.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：L知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)theonlyway和observe定位到L段。該段作者自問自答：這個世界真正的樣子是什么?世上的人到底是什么樣的?要了解這些，唯一的方法就是觀察。本題句子意思與此一致。題目中的findout對應(yīng)原文的know。14、Frommypointofview,thereisnothingwrongwiththeworld.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)nothingwrongwiththeworld定位到A段。該段說，很多人認(rèn)為這個世界存在各種問題，但作者認(rèn)為一點(diǎn)事都沒有。本題句子與原文該段最后兩句對應(yīng)。15、Wecanalwaysfindsatisfactionintryingtomaketheworldabetterplace.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)satisfaction和tryingtomaketheworldabetterplace定位到G段。作者認(rèn)為，即使這個世界已經(jīng)很好，我們也總是能在做好事、改善人們的生活中獲得快樂和滿足。本題句子是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。16、Thealternativeworld-viewIsuggestistostopsearchingforperfectionandaccepttheworldasitis.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)alternative和accepttheworldasitis定位到E段。作者的建議是：不要去構(gòu)想一個理想世界，不再追求完美，接受現(xiàn)在這個世界本來的樣子，去喜愛這個真實(shí)的世界。本題句子是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。17、Itisone’ssufferingthatcontributestohiscommitmentofviolence.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)commitmentofviolence定位到I段。該段說，導(dǎo)致有的人實(shí)施暴力最根本的原因可能是這個人在生命中的某一個時期在某些方面受到了傷害、遭到了遺棄、虐待或被人忽視。本題句子的suffering概括了原文的thispersonwashurt…orneglectedinsomeway。18、Itisadvocatedthatoneshouldtrytounderstandbeforemakingajudgment.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：M知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)understand和makingajudgment定位到M段。作者建議，在任何情況下，都不要輕易做出決斷，在做出決斷前要先用心去理解。本題句子的makingajudgment對應(yīng)原文的judge。19、Perfectionisanidealthattheworldwillneverreachbecauseitdosnotmatchreality.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)perfection和doesnotmatchreality定位到C段。該段指出，這個世界永遠(yuǎn)不會達(dá)到這種柏拉圖式的理想狀態(tài)，因?yàn)檫@種理想只是脫離現(xiàn)實(shí)的一種完美影像。本題句子的perfection對應(yīng)原文的Platonic。20、Whenthereisadiscrepancybetweenidealandthereality,peoplearemostlikelytobecomedepressed.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)discrepancy定位到D段。該段提到，人們理想中的世界和現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的差異會讓他們感到郁悶。本題句子是對該段后半部分內(nèi)容的概括，題目中的depressed對應(yīng)原文的unhappiness。三、仔細(xì)閱讀(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)Theworldisgoingthroughthebiggestwaveofmergersandacquisitions(收購)everwitnessed.TheprocesssweepsfromhyperactiveAmericatoEuropeandreachestheemergingcountrieswithunsurpassedmight.Manyinthesecountriesarelookingatthisprocessandworrying:"Won'tthewaveofbusinessconcentrationturnintoanuncontrollableanti-competitiveforce?"There'snoquestionthatthebigaregettingbiggerandmorepowerful.Multinationalcorporationsaccountedforlessthan20%ofinternationaltradein1982.Todaythefigureismorethan25%andgrowingrapidly.Internationalaffiliatesaccountforafast-growingsegmentofproductionineconomiesthatopenupandwelcomeforeigninvestment.InArgentina,forinstance,afterthereformsoftheearly1990s,multinationalswentfrom43%toalmost70%oftheindustrialproductionofthe200largestfirms.Thisphenomenonhascreatedseriousconcernsovertheroleofsmallereconomicfirms,ofnationalbusinessmenandovertheultimatestabilityoftheworldeconomy.IbelievethatthemostimportantforcesbehindthemassiveM&Awavearethesamethatunderlietheglobalizationprocess:fallingtransportationandcommunicationcosts,lowertradeandinvestmentbarriersandenlargedmarketsthatrequireenlargedoperationscapableofmeetingcustomers'demands.Allthesearebeneficial,notdetrimental,toconsumers.Asproductivitygrows,theworld'swealthincreases.Examplesofbenefitsorcostsofthecurrentconcentrationwavearescanty.YetitishardtoimaginethatthemergerofafewoilfirmstodaycouldrecreatethesamethreatstocompetitionthatwerefearednearlyacenturyagointheU.S.,whentheStandardOiltrustwasbrokenup.Themergersoftelecomcompanies,suchasWorldCom,hardlyseemtobringhigherpricesforconsumersorareductioninthepaceoftechnicalprogress.Onthecontrary,thepriceofcommunicationsiscomingdownfast.Incars,too,concentrationisincreasing—witnessDaimlerandChrysler,RenaultandNissan—butit.doesnotappearthatconsumersarebeinghurt.Yetthefactremainsthatthemergermovementmustbewatched.Afewweeksago,AlanGreenspanwarnedagainstthemegamergersinthebankingindustry.Whoisgoingtosupervise,regulateandoperateaslenderoflastresortwiththegiganticbanksthatarebeingcreated?Won'tmultinationalsshiftproductionfromoneplacetoanotherwhenanationgetstoostrictaboutviolationtofaircompetition?Andshouldonecountrytakeuponitselftheroleof"defendingcompetition"onissuesthataffectmanyothernations,asintheU.S.vs.Microsoftcase?21、Whatismentionedaboutthewaveofmergerandacquisition?A、ItiswarmlywelcomedbytheAmericanandEuropeancountries.B、Itturnstobeanuncontrollableanti-competitiveforce.C、Itsweepstheworldwithunprecedentedforce.D、Itisanewtrendinthebusinessworldthatneverappearedbefore.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點(diǎn)解析：選項(xiàng)C是對首段開頭兩句的概括，為本題答案。22、TheauthorcitedthemultinationalsinArgentinainorderto______.A、arouseconcernoverthestabilityoftheworldeconomyB、criticizetheoveremphasisonthedevelopmentofmultinationalsC、beacontrasttotheinsufficientconcernaboutsmallernationalfirmsD、illustratetheincreasingimportanceofmultinationalsininternationaltrades標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識點(diǎn)解析：作者在第2段前四句提出跨國公司在國際貿(mào)易中所占份額越來越大，而第5句以阿根廷跨國公司為例就是為了說明這一點(diǎn)，例子中列舉數(shù)字的增長進(jìn)一步說明了跨國公司越來越重要，選項(xiàng)D即表達(dá)了這一觀點(diǎn)。23、Theforcesbehindthewaveofmergerandacquisitionwillresultin______.A、enhancedmarketsB、advantagestocustomersC、lowertradecostD、theinitiatingofglobalization標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點(diǎn)解析：第3段第2句中的allthese指的就是本段首句提到的推動合并和收購浪潮的力量，而第2句中的beneficialtoconsumers與選項(xiàng)B是同義替換，因此選項(xiàng)B為本題答案。24、TheStandardOiltrustwasbrokenupbecause______.A、theideaofmergerwasnotwelcomeacenturyagoB、itbecamesopowerfulthatitendangeredcompetitionC、itgainedonlyveryscantybenefitsfromthemarketD、theU.S.marketwasnotyetusedtocompetition標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點(diǎn)解析：第4段第2句中when事實(shí)上指出了一種隱藏的因果關(guān)系，結(jié)果是when引出的從句，而原因就是其前面主句的內(nèi)容，即標(biāo)準(zhǔn)石油托拉斯被分拆是因?yàn)樗鼘ompetition構(gòu)成了threats，選項(xiàng)B是對這一意思的另一種表達(dá)，為正確答案。25、Inthelastparagraph,theauthormostprobablyagreesthat______.A、megabankingmergerswillnotappearbecauseofGreenspan’swarningB、multinationalsalwaystrytoavoidviolatingfaircompetitionC、theattitudetowardsunfaircompetitionvariesfromnationtonationD、theU.S.shouldn’thavesuedMicrosoftforunfaircompetition標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點(diǎn)解析：末段第4句中的shift…fromoneplacetoanother表明有些地區(qū)對違反公平競爭的行為的限制松緊不一，即這些地區(qū)對違反公平競爭的行為的態(tài)度不相同，因此選項(xiàng)C為本題答案。Itisacommonbeliefthatsharpfrostscolortheautumnleaves.Asamatteroffact,suchfrostsarefarmorelikelytoturnleavesblackordullbrownthantogivethemthegorgeoustintsweadmire.Thecoloringoftheleavesinthefallisachemicalprocessthatisfavoredbygradualcoolingratherthansuddencold.Itisnotentirelyconfinedtotheautumn.Brightredandyellowleavesareoftenfoundontheswampmapleandothertrees,eveninsummer.Throughtheseasonofgrowththeleavesserveasfoodfactoriesforthetrees.Intheirtinycellsthecarbonoftheairiscombinedwithmaterialsbroughtupbythetreefluidfromtherootstoformthestarch,sugar,andothersubstancesbywhichthewholetreeisfed.Thefood-makingprocessisperformedbysunshinewiththeaidofasubstancecalledchlorophyll.Chlorophyllisamixtureofseveralpigments,orcoloringmatters.Oneoftheseisgreen,andgivestheleavestheirordinarycolor.Anotherisyellowandisthesamesubstancethat,onaccountofitsabundanceingrowinggrass,makesbutterparticularlyyellowinthespring.Whenthecoolweathersetsinandthegrowthofvegetationslowsdown,thetreesneedlessfoodandgraduallysuspendworkintheleaffactories.Boththefoodandthechlorophyllintheleavesaredrawnintothebodyofthetreeandstoredupforuseinthespring.Thistransferinvolvesmanychemicalchanges.Oneofthemisthebreakingupofthechlorophyllintothesubstancesofwhichitiscomposed.Thegreenpigmentpassesoutoftheleavesbeforetheyellow.Thusyellowbecomesoneoftheprevailinghuesoftheautumnfoliage.Thereds,whichalsoprevailintheautumn,donotcomefromthechlorophyll,butfrompigmentscontainedinthesap.Theirappearanceindicatesanexcessofsugarintheleaves,afterthewithdrawalofothermaterials.Itissupposed,also,thatthereddeningoftheleavesprotectsthefoodmaterialsfromtheharmfuleffectsofstronglightduringtheirpassageintothetree.Thesameredcoloringisseeninthebudsofmanyplantsinthespring,whereitprobablyalsoservesaprotectivepurpose.26、Whichofthefollowingisatruestatementaboutthecoloringbfleaves?A、Suddencoldturnsleavesblackordullbrown.B、Leavesarecoloredbysuddenchangeoftemperature.C、Bright-colorleavesareseldomfoundinhotseasons.D、Redisthemaincoloroftheautumnleaves.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點(diǎn)解析：首段提到的sharpfrosts與選項(xiàng)A中的Suddencold同義，選項(xiàng)A就是首段第2句前半部分的內(nèi)容，為本題答案。27、Thenutrientsforthetreesareproducedin______.A、thetreefluidB、theleavecellsC、thetreetrunksD、thechlorophyll標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點(diǎn)解析：題干中的nutrients相當(dāng)于第3段第2句中的bywhichthewholetreeisfed，該句開頭的intheirtinycells表明這些營養(yǎng)物形成的地方。而their指的就是上句提到的leaves，由此可推斷選項(xiàng)B為本題答案。28、Yellowprevailsintheautumnleavesmainlybecause______.A、thefood-makingprocessceaseswhenitbecomescoolB、chlorophyllbreaksupintovariouspigmentsincoolweatherC、theyellowpigmentremainsintheleaveslongerthanthegreenD、thetransferofchlorophyllinvolvescomplicatedchemicalchanges標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點(diǎn)解析：第4段末句開頭的thus表明該句與前一句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)C是對第4段倒數(shù)第2句的近義改寫，為本題答案。29、Whichofthefollowinghasnothingtodowithchlorophyll?A、Thenutrients-producingprocessofthetrees.B、Leaveswhichturngreeninthespring.C、Grasswhichbecomesyellowinthespring.D、Youngleavesthatareredinthespring.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識點(diǎn)解析：末段首句和末句表明紅色并非來自葉綠素，末句中的buds與選項(xiàng)D中的youngleaves同義，由此可見，選項(xiàng)D為正確的說法。30、Theamountofsunlightmaymostprobablyinfluence______.A、thetimingwhentheleaveschangecolorsB、thequalityofthenutrientsforthetreesC、thespeedofthefood-makingprocessD、thevarietyofpigmentsinthechlorophyll標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點(diǎn)解析：原文末段第3句暗示強(qiáng)烈的陽光會破壞食物的品質(zhì)，由此可見，陽光對供給植物的營養(yǎng)物會產(chǎn)生影響，即選項(xiàng)B的說法。大學(xué)英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套一、長篇閱讀(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)TheBirthofScientificEnglishA)Worldscienceisdominatedtodaybyasmallnumberoflanguages,includingJapanese,GermanandFrench,butitisEnglishwhichisprobablythemostpopulargloballanguageofscience.ThisisnotjustbecauseoftheimportanceofEnglish-speakingcountriessuchastheUSAinscientificresearch;thescientistsofmanynon-English-speakingcountriesfindthattheyneedtowritetheirresearchpapersinEnglishtoreachawideinternationalaudience.B)GiventheprominenceofscientificEnglishtoday,itmayseemsurprisingthatnoonereallyknewhowtowritescienceinEnglishbeforethe17thcentury.Beforethat,LatinwasregardedasthelinguafrancaforEuropeanintellectuals.C)TheEuropeanRenaissance(c.14th~16thcentury)issometimescalledthe"revivaloflearning",atimeofrenewedinterestinthe"lostknowledge"ofclassicaltimes.Atthesametime,however,scholarsalsobegantotestandextendthisknowledge.D)TheemergentnationstatesofEuropedevelopedcompetitiveinterestsinworldexplorationandthedevelopmentoftrade.Suchexpansion,whichwastotaketheEnglishlanguagewesttoAmericaandeasttoIndia,wassupportedbyscientificdevelopmentssuchasthediscoveryofmagnetism(andhencetheinventionofthecompass),improvementsincartographyand—perhapsthemostimportantscientificrevolutionofthemall—thenewtheoriesofastronomyandthemovementoftheEarthinrelationtotheplanetsandstars,developedbyCopernicus(1473-1543).E)EnglandwasoneofthefirstcountrieswherescientistsadoptedandpublicizedCopernicanideaswithenthusiasm.Someofthesescholars,includingtwowithinterestsinlanguage—JohnWall'sandJohnWilkins—helpedFoundtheRoyalSocietyin1660inordertopromoteempiricalscientificresearch.F)AcrossEuropesimilaracademiesandsocietiesarose,creatingnewnationaltraditionsofscience.Intheinitialstagesofthescientificrevolution,mostpublicationsinthenationallanguageswerepopularworks,encyclopaedias,educationaltextbooksandtranslations.G)OriginalsciencewasnotdoneinEnglishuntilthesecondhalfofthe17thcentury.Forexample,Newtonpublishedhismathematicaltreatise,knownasthePrincipia,inLatin,butpublishedhislaterworkonthepropertiesoflight—Opticks—inEnglish.H)TherewereseveralreasonswhyoriginalsciencecontinuedtobewritteninLatin.Thefirstwassimplyamatterofaudience.Latinwassuitableforaninternationalaudienceofscholars,whereasEnglishreachedasociallywider,butmorelocal,audience.Hence,popularsciencewaswritteninEnglish.I)AsecondreasonforwritinginLatinmay,perversely,havebeenaconcernforsecrecy.Openpublicationhaddangersinputtingintothepublicdomainpreliminaryideaswhichhadnotyetbeenfullyexploitedbytheir"author".Thisgrowingconcernaboutintellectualproperlyrightswasafeatureoftheperiod—itreflectedboththehumanistnotionoftheindividual,rationalscientistwhoinventsanddiscoversthroughprivateintellectuallabour,andthegrowingconnectionbetweenoriginalscienceandcommercialexploitation.J)Therewassomethingofasocialdistinctionbetween"scholarsandgentlemen"whounderstoodLatin,andmenoftradewholackedaclassicaleducation.Andinthemid-17thcenturyitwascommonpracticeformathematicianstokeeptheirdiscoveriesandproofssecret,bywritingthemincipher,inobscurelanguages,orinprivatemessagesdepositedinasealedboxwiththeRoyalSociety.SomescientistsmighthavefeltmorecomfortablewithLatinpreciselybecauseitsaudience,thoughinternational,wassociallyrestricted.DoctorsclungthemostkeenlytoLatinasan"insiderlanguage".K)AthirdreasonwhythewritingoforiginalscienceinEnglishwasdelayedmayhavebeentodowiththelinguisticinadequacyofEnglishintheearlymodernperiod.Englishwasnotwellequippedtodealwithscientificargument.First,itlackedthenecessarytechnicalvocabulary.Second,itlackedthegrammaticalresourcesrequiredtorepresenttheworldinanobjectiveandimpersonalway,andtodiscusstherelations,suchascauseandeffect,thatmightholdbetweencomplexandhypotheticalentities.L)Fortunately,severalmembersoftheRoyalSocietypossessedaninterestinlanguageandbecameengagedinvariouslinguisticprojects.Althoughaproposalin1664toestablishacommitteeforimprovingtheEnglishlanguagecametolittle,thesociety'smembersdidagreatdealtofosterthepublicationofscienceinEnglishandtoencouragethedevelopmentofasuitablewritingstyle.M)ManymembersoftheRoyalSocietyalsopublishedmonographsinEnglish.OneofthefirstwasbyRobertHooke,thesociety'sfirstcuratorofexperiments,whodescribedhisexperimentswithmicroscopesinMicrographia(1665).Thisworkislargelynarrativeinstyle,basedonatranscriptoforaldemonstrationsandlectures.N)In1665anewscientificjournal,PhilosophicalTransactions,wasinaugurated.PerhapsthefirstinternationalEnglish-languagescientificjournal,itencouragedanewgenreofscientificwriting,thatofshort,focusedaccountsofparticularexperiments.O)The17thcenturywasthusaformativeperiodintheestablishmentofscientificEnglish.InthefollowingcenturymuchofthismomentumwaslostasGermanestablisheditselfastheleadingEuropeanlanguageofscience.Itisestimatedthatbytheendofthe18thcentury401Germanscientificjournalshadbeenestablishedasopposedto96inFranceand50inEngland.However,inthe19thcenturyscientificEnglishagainenjoyedsubstantiallexicalgrowthastheindustrialrevolutioncreatedtheneedfornewtechnicalvocabulary,andnew,specialised,professionalsocietieswereinstitutedtopromoteandpublishinthenewdisciplines.1、InseventeenthcenturyBritain,thoseprofoundthinkerscombinedtheirinterestsinsciencewithanenthusiasminhowtoexpressideas.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識點(diǎn)解析：題干意為，在17世紀(jì)的英國，那些先進(jìn)的思想家將他們對科學(xué)的興趣與對如何表達(dá)想法的熱情結(jié)合在一起。定位于原文E段，“1660”對應(yīng)“seventeenthcentury”“interestsinlanguage”對應(yīng)“anenthusiasminhowtoexpressideas”。故選E。2、TheworldwidescientistshavetowritetheiressaysinEnglishiftheywanttoattractaudiencefromdifferentcountries.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點(diǎn)解析：定位于A段第二句，“ThisisnotjustbecauseoftheimportanceofEnglish—speaking…theyneedtowritetheirresearchpapersinEnglishtoreachawideinternationalaudience．”不僅因?yàn)橄衩绹@樣的英語國家在科學(xué)研究中的重要作用，而且因?yàn)樵S多非英語國家的科學(xué)家為了擁有更多的國際讀者，他們需要用英語寫論文。即題干大意，如果想要吸引來自不同國家的讀者，全世界的科學(xué)家需要用英語寫論文。故選A。3、ScientificEnglishdevelopedagaininthe19thcenturyasadirectresultoftheindustrialrevolution.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：O知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)“19世紀(jì)”這一關(guān)鍵詞，定位于原文O段。“However，inthe19thcenturyscientificEnglishagainenjoyedsubstantiallexicalgrowthastheindustrialrevolution…”意為，但是在19世紀(jì)，因?yàn)楣I(yè)革命的興起，科技英語在詞匯量上再次大幅增長。題干中“asadirectresultofindustrialrevolution”是原文“astheindustrialrevolution”的同義替換，詞匯量上增長即科技英語發(fā)展之意。所以，正確答案是O。4、TheanotherreasonforwritinginLatininsteadofinEnglishistokeepdiscoveriessecret.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I知識點(diǎn)解析：題干意為，用拉丁文而不用英語寫