大學(xué)英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷58（共205題）

大學(xué)英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷58（共9套）（共205題）大學(xué)英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套一、仔細(xì)閱讀(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)Here'sawarningfromhealthexperts:Sittingisdeadly.Scientistsareincreasinglywarningthatsittingforprolongedperiods—evenifyoualsoexerciseregularly—couldbebadforyourhealth.Anditdoesn'tmatterwherethesittingtakesplace—attheoffice,atschool,inthecarorbeforeacomputerorTV—justtheoverallnumberofhoursitoccurs.Researchispreliminary,butseveralstudiessuggestpeoplewhospendmostoftheirdayssittingaremorelikelytobefat,haveaheartattackorevendie.InaneditorialpublishedthisweekintheBritishJournalofSportsMedicine,ElinEkblom-BakoftheSwedishSchoolofSportandHealthSciencessuggestedthatauthoritiesrethinkhowtheydefinephysicalactivitytohighlightthedangersofsitting.Whilehealthofficialshaveissuedguidelinesrecommendingminimumamountsofphysicalactivity,theyhaven'tsuggestedpeopletrytolimithowmuchtimetheyspendinaseatedposition."Afterfourhoursofsitting,thebodystartstosendharmfulsignals,"Ekblom-Baksaid.Sheexplainedthatgenesregulatingtheamountofglucoseandfatinthebodystarttoshutdown.Evenforpeoplewhoexercise,spendinglongstretchesoftimesittingatadeskisstillharmful.TimArmstrong,aphysicalactivityexpertattheWorldHealthOrganization,saidpeoplewhoexerciseeveryday—butstillspendalotoftimesitting—mightgetmorebenefitifthatexercisewerespreadacrosstheday,ratherthaninasinglebout.Thatwasn'twelcomenewsforAytekinCan,31,whoworksataLondonfinancialcompany,andspendsmostofhisdayssittinginfrontofacomputer.Severaleveningsaweek,Canalsoteachesjiujitsu,aJapanesemartialartinvolvingwrestling,andalsodoesThaiboxing."I'msuretherearesomedetrimentaleffectsofstayingstillfortoolong,butIhopethatbeingactivewhenIcanhelps,"hesaid."Iwouldn'twanttothinkthesittingcouldbethatdangerous."Still,inastudypublishedlastyearthattrackedmorethan17,000Canadiansforaboutadozenyears,researchersfoundpeoplewhosatmorehadahigherdeathrisk,independentlyofwhetherornottheyexercised.FiguresfromaUSsurveyin2003-2004foundAmericansspendmorethanhalftheirtimesitting,fromworkingattheirdeskstosittingincars.Expertssaidmoreresearchisneededtofigureoutjusthowmuchsittingisdangerous,andwhatmightbepossibletooffsetthoseeffects."Peopleshouldkeepexercisingbecausethathasalotofbenefits,"Ekblom-Baksaid."Butwhenthey'reintheoffice,theyshouldtrytointerruptsittingasoftenaspossible,"shesaid."Don'tjustsendyourcolleagueane-mail.Walkoverandtalktohim.Standup."1、Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A、Exercisingmorecanreducetheharmbroughtbysitting.B、Sittingforalongtimeisharmfulforpeople’shealth.C、Exercisingregularlyisalsobadforpeople’shealth.D、Whereyousitwillnotaffectyourhealth.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點解析：主旨題。文章開頭講到“Here’sawarningfromhealthexperts：Sittingisdeadly．”(健康專家發(fā)出警告：久坐會致命)，然后展開來講久坐有害健康：即使經(jīng)常鍛煉身體，不管你坐在哪里，久坐都有害健康。故第一段的中心思想是：久坐有害健康。B項正確。2、Ifsomeonespendsmostofhisdayssitting,thefollowingwillbelikelytobecausedexcept______.A、hewillbelikelytobefatB、hemayhaveaheartattackC、hemayhaveastomachacheD、hemayevendieifsittingtoolong標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的“Ifsomeonespendsmostofhisdayssitting?！笨啥ㄎ恢恋诙巍癛esearchispreliminary，butseveralstudiessuggestpeoplewhospendmostoftheirdayssittingaremorelikelytobefat，haveaheartattackorevendie”，由此可知，每天大部分時間都處于靜坐狀態(tài)的人更容易發(fā)胖、患心臟病甚至死亡。但文中并沒有提到久坐會引起胃痛，故選擇C項。3、Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"Evenforpeoplewhoexercise,spendinglongstretchesoftimesittingatadeskisstillharmful?"(Para.6)?A、Exercisingcan’thelpreducetheharmcausedbysitting.B、Theharmdependsontheprolongedtimesittingatadesk.C、Exercisingisnotnecessaryforpeople.D、Exercisinghasnoadvantagesforpeoplewhooftensit.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點解析：推斷題。題干中的句子意為“即使對那些經(jīng)常鍛煉的人來說，長時間坐著也有害?！痹摼渌诙沃v到，世界衛(wèi)生組織的身體鍛煉專家蒂姆·阿姆斯特朗說，對于那些每天鍛煉但依然有很多時間是處于靜坐狀態(tài)的人來說．如果每天的鍛煉可分散進(jìn)行而不是一次集中完成，效果會更好。由此可推知，久坐的危害取決于持續(xù)很長時間的坐的動作。如果鍛煉時間和坐下來的時間都很集中。那么危害就很大。因此，正確答案是B。4、Whatdoesthelastparagraphshow?A、Tointerruptsittingasoftenaspossibleisgoodforpeople’shealth.B、Sittingforlongtimecanhardlybeavoided.C、Keepexercisingcaneliminatetheharmofsitting.D、Officeworkersdon’tliketoexercise.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點解析：推斷題。文章最后一段講到，“人們應(yīng)該堅持鍛煉，因為鍛煉身體益處多多。但當(dāng)他們在辦公室時，應(yīng)該盡可能多地起來活動活動”，也就是盡可能多的中斷坐的時間會對人的健康有益。A項正確。5、Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A、PeopleshouldkeepexercisingB、Exercisingmaynotreducetheharmofsitting.C、Sittingforlongtimeisdeadly.D、Howtoeliminatetheharmofsitting?標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點解析：主旨題。本文主要講述、了久坐危害健康，甚至引起死亡的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，也就是文章開頭，提到的“Sittingisdeadly．”(久坐會致命)，C項正確，A項突出了“exercising”，偷換了文章主題；B項意為“鍛煉身體可能不會緩解久坐的危害”，該說法片面：D選項意為“如何消除久坐的危害?”文章倒數(shù)第二段提到“Expertssaidmoreresearchisneededtofigureoutjusthowmuchsittingisdangerous，andwhatmightbepossibletooffsetthoseeffects．”，可見目前還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)消除久坐危害的對策，故錯誤。We'vegotitallwrong,saysCarlosSlim,theMexicantelecomstycoonandworld'ssecond-richestman:weshouldbeworkingonlythreedaysaweek.AttendingabusinessconferenceinParaguay,Mr.Slimsaiditwastimefora"radicaloverhaul"ofpeople'sworkinglives.Insteadofbeingabletoretireat50or60,hesays,weshouldworkuntilweareolder—buttakemoretimeoffaswedoso."Peoplearegoingtohavetoworkformoreyears,untiltheyare70or75,andjustworkthreedaysaweek—perhaps11hoursaday,"hetoldtheconference,accordingtoPnewsagency."Withthreeworkdaysaweek,wewouldhavemoretimetorelaxforqualityoflife.Havingfourdays(off)wouldbeveryimportanttogeneratenewentertainmentactivitiesandotherwaysofbeingoccupied."The74-year-oldself-mademagnatebelievesthatsuchamovewouldgenerateahealthierandmoreproductivelabourforce,whiletacklingfinancialchallengeslinkedtolongevity.Heisputtinghismoneywherehismouthis.InhisTelmexfixed-linephonecompanyinMexico,whereworkersonacollectivelabourcontractwhojoinedthecompanyintheirlateteensareeligibletoretirebeforetheyare50,hehasinstitutedavoluntaryschemeallowingsuchworkerstokeepworking,onfullpay,buttheyonlyneedtoworkfourdaysaweek.Mr.SlimstunnedtheMexicanbusinessworldthismonthwithplanstobreakuphisAmericaMovilempire,sellingaboutafifthofitsassets,inordertoavoidregulatorysanctions.Hiscompaniesdominate80percentofthefixed-lineand70percentofthemobilemarketsinMexico—aboveanew50percentthreshold.Themagnateisakeenstrategistandphilanthropist,whohasoftensaidwhathelikestodobestistothink.Hehascultivatedinterestsoutsidethecorporateworld:hispassionforRodinsculptureandartcollectingisevidentintheSoumayamuseuminMexicoCitydedicatedtohislatewife.Anotherofhisdeep-heldbeliefsisthateducationshouldberethought.HetoldtheconferenceinParaguaythatitshould"notbeboring,butshouldbefun"andshouldteachpeople"nottomemorizebuttoreason;nottodomesticatebuttotrain".Healsocalledformorevocationaltraining.Mr.Slim,whoisattheageof74already,meanwhile,appearstohavenoplanstoretire."Lookatwhoherespects:the(Mexican)bankerManuelEspinosaYglesiaswassomethingofamentor,andhewasstillworkinginhislate80s,"saidAndrewPaxman,aBritishhistorianwhoiswritingabookaboutMr.Slim.6、WhichisnotthereasonofhavingfourdaysoffaweekbeingveryimportantaccordingtoMr.Slim?A、Peoplewillhavemoretimetorelaxandachievequalityoflife.B、Peoplecangeneratenewentertainmentactivitiesinthesparetime.C、Peoplewillhavetimetothinkaboutotherwaysofbeingoccupied.D、Peoplewillbehappyandmorewillingtogotowork.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的“havingfourdaysoffaweek”和“veryimportant”可定位至第二段末句“‘Withthreeworkdaysaweek，wewouldhavemoretimetorelax；forqualityoflife．Havingfourdays[off]wouldbeveryimportanttogeneratenewentertainmentactivitiesandotherwaysofbeingoccupied．’”，由此可知，一周休息四天有利于提高生活質(zhì)量，有利于創(chuàng)造新的娛樂活動以及消磨時間的新方法。A、B、C三項均符合文意，故選擇D。7、WhichofthefollowingisnottheadvantageofworkingthreedaysaweekinMr.Slim’sopinion?A、Themovecangenerateahealthierlabourforce.B、Thelabourwillbemoreproductive.C、Peoplewillremainhappyifso.D、Itwilltacklefinancialchallengeslinkedtolongevity.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的“theadvantageofworkingthreedaysaweek”可定位至第二段中“The74-year-oldself-mademagnatebelievesthatsuchamovewouldgenerateahealthierandmoreproductivelabourforce，whiletacklingfinancialchallengeslinkedtolongevity．”，A、B、D均包含在該句中，C項文章并未提及，故選擇C。8、ThesearetheidentitiesofMr.Slimexcept______.A、heisamagnateB、heisadiplomatistC、heisastrategistD、heisaphilanthropist標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。關(guān)于斯利姆先生的身份，文章第二段明確提到“The74-year-oldself-mademagnate”(這位白手起家的74歲富豪)，故A項符合他的身份，再根據(jù)“Themagnateisakeenstrategistandphilanthropist”可知，斯利姆先生是一位決策家和慈善家，則C、D項符合，而B項“他是一位外交家”，文章并未提到，故不符合他的身份。9、WhatisMr.Slim’sdeep-beliefineducation?A、Todomesticate,tomemorizeandtotrain.B、Tobefun,toreasonandtomemorize.C、Tobefun,tomemorizeandtotrain.D、Tobefun,toreasonandtotrain.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的“Mr．Slim’sdeep-beliefineducation”可定位至文章第四段，根據(jù)前兩句Anotherofhisdeep-heldbeliefsisthateducationshouldberethought．HetoldtheconferenceinParaguaythatitshould“notbeboring，butshouldbefun”andshouldteachpeople“nottomemorizebuttoreason；nottodomesticatebuttotrain”．可知，斯利姆先生認(rèn)為教育“不應(yīng)該是無聊的，而應(yīng)該是有趣的”，應(yīng)該教會人們“推理而不是記憶；應(yīng)該是一種訓(xùn)練而不是馴養(yǎng)”。D項符合文意。10、Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe______.A、CarlosSlimCallsforaThree-dayWorkingWeekB、PeopleFavouraThree-dayWorkingWeekC、WorkingThreeDaysaWeekiswithadvantagesD、WorkingThreeDaysaWeekWillbeImplemented標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點解析：主旨題。本文主要講述了墨西哥電信業(yè)大亨、全球第二大富豪卡洛斯·斯利姆(CarlosSlim)提倡一周只工作三天，接著闡述了這樣工作的好處，以及他自己所做的努力。A項意為“卡洛斯·斯利姆提倡一周工作三天”，能夠完整概括本文的主旨大意。B、C項太片面，D項文中未提到。Oftenheardpeoplecomplainabout,whynotmyface,whysobadweathertoday,whydoIliveinsuchapoorfamily,whyGodtoldme...whyshouldwecomplainaboutitcomplainedthatit?Lifewasnotallthebest,lifewasnotperfect,onthecontrary,theupsanddowns,istheroutine.Donotcomplain,everyone'slifewillnotbeeasy,butpreciselybecauseofthesetwistsandturnsinfoldingwave,acquiredacolourfullife.Ifwecanoftenlookattheissuefromanotherangle,youmighteasilyfindthelifeisstillveryexciting.Youcan'tchangetheface,smile,whydon'tyouthinkaboutindulgence;youcan'tchangetheweather,whydon'tyouchangethemood?Asthesayinggoes:afterthestorm.Thesameistrueoflife,aftertrainingcanoftenmakelifewonderful.China,awritercametotheUnitedStates,hesawafloweroftheoldladyisalwaysveryhappy,verystrange.Hewouldpickaflowerasked:"Whyareyoualwayssohappy?"Repliedtheoldlady.Anditmadethewriterstandinamazement."ThatJesuswascrucifiedistheworld'sdarkestday,threedayslatertoEaster.Allthetroubletowaitforthreedaysaslongastherightnottovanishintothinair?"Writerfortheoldladyansweredandmovedanoldladycouldlookatthisfreeandeasylife,couldseesothoroughlytolife.Kinginventors—Edisonfilamentdoinordertofindthebestmaterialshavebeendonea1,000experimentmanytimesandfailed.Havealaughathisneighbour:"DoyouKnowtodo1,000experimentshavefailedmanytimes?"Edisonsaid:"Iamnotfoundmorethan1,000kindsofinappropriatematerialfilamentsoit?"Edisonfailedtolookatfromanotherangle,heisquitesurethatitcanbethemostsuitablematerials,ispreciselybecauseofthisself-confidence,theyareabletomakeunremittingefforts,finallysuccessful.Peopletolovelife,lovelife,tohaveself-confidence,itisnecessarytomakeunremittingeffortstowardsthetarget,likeAiQingsaid,"Evenifweareacandle,waxshouldbedrybeforethetorchashestears;eventhoughweareamatchshouldbeatthecrucialmomentthereisarayoflight,"ifso,willthemeaningofourlives,ourliveswillbeabletoissueastrangeglory.Finally,Ihadtoremindyouthatinthefaceofsetbacks,donotcomplainaboutitcomplainedthattheold,andtolearnhowtotransformtheissueofperspective,sothatlifeisnotsusceptibleto"rain"byknockout.11、Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A、Peopleareaccustomedtocomplaininglife.B、Peoplearenotsatisfiedwiththeirlives.C、Lifeisnotperfectanddon’tcomplain.D、Thelifeofeverybodyismiserable.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點解析：主旨題。文章第一段講到作者自己經(jīng)常聽到別人抱怨，作者認(rèn)為生活本來就不是十全十美，進(jìn)而引出話題：對待生活的態(tài)度——不要抱怨。選項中，C項“生活并不完美，不要抱怨”與原文文意最為貼切，因此選擇C。12、Whichisthesynonymof"twistsandturns"(Line5,Para.1)?A、Repetitions.B、Misery.C、Complaints.D、Setbacks.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識點解析：語義題。文章開頭講到生活并不完美，有很多起起伏伏，生活并非一帆風(fēng)順，“twistsandturns”所在句與前半句用but連接，構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因而，“twistsandturns”與一帆風(fēng)順意思相反，選項中，只有D項“setbacks(挫折，波折)”與“一帆風(fēng)順”意思相反。13、Whatistherelationshipbetweenthesecondparagraphandthethirdparagraph?A、Thetwoparagraphsareparalleling.B、Thethirdparagraphistheillustrationofthepriorone.C、Causeandeffect.D、Comparisonandcontrast.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點解析：推斷題。本題考查對文章內(nèi)在邏輯的理解。文章第二段主要內(nèi)容為：換個角度來看問題，你可能會很容易發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的人生照樣很精彩。接著作者在第三段引用了兩個事例來證明換個角度看問題的重要性。因此．第三段為第二段提供了例證。14、Whatdoestheoldlady’ssayinginparagraph3mean?A、Goodluckwillcomethreedayslater.B、Timecanappeaseallofwound.C、Lookingatissuesfromanotheranglewillmakeyouhappy.D、Peopleshouldbehopefultothefuture.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點解析：推斷題。第三段中，老太太說：“耶穌被釘在十字架上是全世界最黑暗的一天，可三天后就是復(fù)活節(jié)。一切的煩惱只要等待三天不就煙消云散了嗎?”，而第三段為第二段提供了例證，即換個角度看問題就可以活得精彩。因此，老太太這番話意為：換個角度看問題便可豁然開朗。C項符合。15、Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardslife?A、Positive.B、Indifferent.C、Pessimistic.D、Radical.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點解析：態(tài)度題。作者在文章開頭講到，生活并不完美，不要抱怨，換個角度看問題生活依舊精彩，接著作者引用了兩個事例來證明換角度看問題的重要性。最后倡導(dǎo)人們要熱愛生活，熱愛生命。由此可判斷，作者對于生活的態(tài)度是積極樂觀的。NBAcentreJasonCollinsrecentlyannouncedhewasgayinacoverstoryforSportsIllustrated.Inotherwords,he"cameoutofthecloset."Thisexpressionforrevealingone'shomosexualitymayseemnatural.Beingintheclosetimplieshidingfromtheoutsideworld,andtheactofcomingoutofitimpliesthewilltostophiding.Butthoughtheclosethaslongbeenametaphorforprivacyorsecrecy,itsusewithreferencetohomosexualityisrelativelyrecent.AccordingtoGeorgeChauncey'scomprehensivehistoryofmoderngayculture,GayNewYork,theclosetmetaphorwasnotusedbygaypeopleuntilthe1960s.Beforethen,itdoesn'tappearanywhere"intherecordsofthegaymovementorinthenovels,diaries,orlettersofgaymenandlesbians.""Comingout,"however,haslongbeenusedinthegaycommunity,butitfirstmeantsomethingdifferentthanitdoesnow."Agayman'scomingoutoriginallyreferredtohisbeingformallypresentedtothelargestcollectivemanifestationofprewargaysociety,theenormousdragballsthatwerepatternedonthedebutanteandmasqueradeballsofthedominantcultureandwereregularlyheldinNewYork,Chicago,NewOrleans,Baltimore,andothercities."Thephrase"comingout"didnotrefertocomingoutofhiding,buttojoiningintoasocietyofpeers.Thephrasewasborrowedfromtheworldofdebutanteballs,whereyoungwomen"cameout"inbeingofficiallyintroducedtosociety.Thegaydebutanteballswereamatterofpublicrecordandoftencoveredinthenewspaper,so"comingout"withingaysocietyoftenmeantrevealingyoursexualorientationinthewidersocietyaswell,butthephrasedidn'tnecessarilycarrytheimplicationthatifyouhadn'tyetcomeout,youwerekeepingitasecret.Therewereothermetaphorsfortheactofhidingorrevealinghomosexuality.Gaypeoplecould"wearamask"or"takeoffthemask".Amancould"wearhishairup"or"lethishairdown",or"drophairpins"thatwouldonlyberecognizedbyothergaymen.Itisunclearexactlywhengaypeoplestartedusingtheclosetmetaphor,but"itmayhavebeenusedinitiallybecausemanymenwhoremained'covert'thoughtoftheirhomosexualityasasortof'skeletoninthecloset'."Itmayalsohavecomefromoutsiderswhovieweditthatway.Itseemsthat"comingoutofthecloset"wasbornasamixtureoftwometaphors:adebutanteproudlysteppingintothearmsofacommunityandashockingsecretbeingkeptinhiding.Nowthecommunityisthewidercommunity,andthesecretisnolongershocking."Comingout"isausefulphrase,butitneednotimplyacloset.16、Whydid"comeoutofthecloset"seemsnaturalwhenreferstorevealingone’shomosexuality?A、BecausehomosexualcouplesliveinaplacenamedCloset.B、Becauseboththeclosetandhomosexualitymeanprivacy.C、BecauseJasonCollinshasrefrainedfromNBA.D、Becausepeoplealwaysuse"closet"torefertohomosexuality.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點解析：推斷題。根據(jù)題干中的“‘comeoutofthecloset’seemnatural”可定位至第一段“Beingintheclosetimplieshidingfromtheoutsideworld．a(chǎn)ndtheactofcomingoutofitimpliesthewilltostophiding．”由此可知，“柜”和“同性戀”有共同點——將秘密隱藏起來，也就是它們都代表著隱私，而“出柜”便是將秘密公開，因此，用“出柜”來形容同性戀公開看起來很自然。17、Whichofthefollowingstatementabout"comingout"isTrue?A、Closetisalwaysthemetaphorofhomosexuality.B、Theoriginalmeaningofthephraseistherevealingofhomosexuality.C、Thephrasewasborrowedfromtheworldofdebutanteballs.D、Thephrase"comingout"onlyreferstocomingoutofhiding.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。A項意為“‘柜’一直是同性戀的隱喻”，這與第二段“…theclosetmetaphorwasnotusedbygaypeopleuntilthe1960s．”相矛盾，因此錯誤；B選項意為“‘出柜’最初的意思是公開同性戀”，這與第三段“Agayman’scomingoutoriginallyreferredtohisbeingformallypresentedtothelargestcollectivemanifestationofprewargaysociety，”不相符；C選項意為“‘出柜’一詞是從上流女子舞會里借用過來的”，與第三段“Thephrasewasborrowedfromtheworldofdebutanteballs”相符合，故正確；D項與第三段“Thephrase“comingout”didnotrefertocomingoutofhiding”意思相反。因此選擇C。18、Whatdoes"takeoffthemask"meanamonggaypeople?A、Toshowheishomosexual.B、Tohidehishomosexuality.C、Itmeansthathewantstochangehissexualorientation.D、Itmeansthathedoesn’twanttobehomosexual.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點解析：推斷題。根據(jù)題干中的“takeoffthemask”可定位至第四段“Therewereothermetaphorsfortheactofhidingorrevealinghomosexuality．Gaypeoplecould‘wearamask’or‘takeoffthemask’．”加之．“戴上面具”本身意味著神秘地隱藏起來，而“摘下面具”則意味著公開，故“戴上面具”指的是向人公開自己是同性戀。19、Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A、Thephrase"comingout"isonlyusedinthegaycommunity.B、Themeaningof"comingout"isbecomingwiderandwider.C、Thephrase"comingout"onlystandsforashockingsecretinhidingD、Themeaningof"comingout"hasnotchangeduntilnow.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點解析：推斷題。文章最后一段講述了“出柜”一詞的隱喻意，而隨著社交群體的寬泛，“出柜”一詞已經(jīng)不再暗指隱秘，可見其意思越來越寬泛了。20、Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A、Thephrase"comingout"isusedingaycommunity.B、Thephrase"comingout"meansrevealingofhomosexuality.C、Themeaningofthephrase"comingout"hasnotchanged.D、Thedevelopmentoftheuseof"comingout".標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識點解析：主旨題。本文以“NBA中鋒杰森·柯林斯最近在《體育畫報》的封面故事中宣布他是同性戀”一事引入文章的主題——“出柜”，接著文章探索了“出柜”一詞的出現(xiàn)時間、適用對象及其意義的演變過程，最后提到，如今“出柜”一詞意義更廣了，因此，本文主要講述了“出柜”一詞應(yīng)用的發(fā)展演變過程，D項符合。大學(xué)英語六級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套一、詞匯理解(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)AccordingtoascientificstudypublishedinApril,2015,birdshaveshowntheycanplanforafuturestateofmind.Hoarding【C1】________forfutureuseisnotuniquetohumans.Birds,squirrelsandmonkeysdoit.Buttheabilitytothinknotjustabouttomorrow,buttorealizehowtomorrow'sfeelingsmightdifferfromtoday's,wasthoughttobethe【C2】________ofpeople.ThisweekresearchersdemonstratedthatWesternscrub-jays,atypeofcrow,candoit,too.Theresearchers,ledbyNickyClaytonoftheUniversityofCambridge,wantedtotestanideaproposedbyWolfgangKohler,NorbertBischofandDorisBischofKohler,threeGermanpsychologists.TheBischofKohlerhypothesissaysthatonlyhumanscanmentallyseparatethemselvesfromwhattheyareexperiencingto【C3】________howtheymightfeelaboutfutureevents.Totestwhetherthisisso,Dr.Claytonandhercolleaguessoughttoteaseapartscrub-jays'【C4】________desiresfromtheirplanningforfutureneeds.Theyletthebirdseatasmuchofonefoodastheywanted,exploitingaconditioncalledspecificsatiety(飽租)—oncethebirdsarefullofonefood,theyshowstrong【C5】________forsomethingdifferent.Theythenofferedthebirdsthatsamefoodorasecondonetostoreforlater.【C6】________thescrub-jaysbehavedaspredicted,choosingtostowawaythesecondfood,whichtheyhadnotjusteaten.Butminutesbeforeallowingthebirdsto【C7】________theirstorage,theresearchersfedthebirdstosatietywiththatsecondfood—theonetheyhadalreadystored.Thebirdschangedtheirhoardingpreferencesontheverynexttrial.Eventhoughtheyhadjusthadtheirfillofthefirstfood,theystillhoardit,presumablybecausetheythoughtitwouldbetheirpreferredchoicelater.Theresultsarepublishedinthisweek'sCurrentBiology.Thefindingmattersbecausethebirdsseemtoplanaheadforwhattheywillwantlater,eventhoughtheirchoiceconflictswithwhattheywantnow.Itcouldprompta【C8】________ofhowanimalsperceivetheworldaroundthem.Withoutthebenefitof【C9】________subjectswhocanexplaintheirthinking?However,Dr.Claytonandhercolleagueswillhavetodevelopevenmorecunningexperimentsto【C10】________complexmentalprocessesfromsimplebehavior.A)conceiveF)IncidentallyK)preferenceB)contendG)inferL)preserveC)experimentalH)InitiallyM)provisionsD)explicitI)momentaryN)reassessmentE)homogeneousJ)predecessorO)recover1、【C1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：M知識點解析：名詞辨析題。根據(jù)空格前的hoarding可知，空格處缺少名詞作其賓語?？崭袂懊娴膭用~hoarding“貯藏，囤積”可以與備選名詞中的provisions“糧食，食物”搭配使用，再聯(lián)系下文的“Birds，squirrelsandmonkeysdoit.”可推知，動物也有為未來貯存食物的能力，故M為正確答案。2、【C2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：L知識點解析：名詞辨析題。根據(jù)空格前的the和之后的ofpeople可推斷此處缺少名詞。結(jié)合上文可推知，此處意為：不僅能想著明天，而且還能意識到明天的感覺會如何不同于今天，這種能力曾被認(rèn)為是人類所獨有的。備選名詞中的preserve“獨有活動”符合句意，故L為正確答案。3、【C3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點解析：動詞辨析題。根據(jù)空格前的to可推斷此處缺少動詞?？崭窦捌浜蟮馁e語從句howtheymightfeelaboutfutureevents意為“設(shè)想他們對未來的感覺”。備選動詞中只有conceive“想象，設(shè)想”符合句意，故A為正確答案。4、【C4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I知識點解析：形容詞辨析題。根據(jù)空格后的desiresfrom，該空缺少形容詞作定語。由本句句意可知，空格處所填的詞應(yīng)與from后的theirplanningforfutureneeds“對未來需要的打算”表達(dá)相反的意思——“即時欲望”，備選形容詞中只有momentary“短暫的，瞬間的”符合句意，故I為正確答案。5、【C5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：K知識點解析：名詞辨析題。由空格前的形容詞strong可知，該空缺少名詞。由空格所在句破折號前的specificsatiety可知，只要這些鳥飽食一種食物，那它們就會表現(xiàn)出對其他食物強烈的偏好，因此preference“偏好，偏愛”符合句意，故K為正確答案。6、【C6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識點解析：副詞辨析題。句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)完整，且空格位于句首，故推斷此處缺少副詞。結(jié)合上下文可知，空格所在句是指實驗的最初階段，故H項Initially“最初”符合句意，為正確答案。7、【C7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：O知識點解析：動詞辨析題?？崭裉幱赼llowsb.／sth.todosth.句型中，可推斷此處缺少動詞。由空格之后的句子可推知，在接下來的實驗中，研究人員們先用這些鳥已經(jīng)儲備的第二種食物將其喂飽，幾分鐘后，再讓鳥________儲備的食物，結(jié)果，它們的選擇發(fā)生了變化。備選動詞中，recover“重新找到”可以與空格后的theirstorage“它們儲備的食物”搭配使用，故O為正確答案。8、【C8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：N知識點解析：名詞辨析題。根據(jù)空格前的a以及空格后的of可知，該空缺少名詞。由空格所在句的上一句可推知本句句意為：實驗促使人們重新估量動物是如何感知這個世界的。故N項reassessment“重新估計”符合句意，為正確答案。9、【C9】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點解析：形容詞辨析題。由空格后的subjects可知，該空缺少形容詞。由上文對于實驗的介紹可以推知本句句意為：無法借助這樣的實驗對象時，誰可以解釋這些鳥類的想法呢?故C項experimental“實驗的”符合句意，為正確答案。10、【C10】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識點解析：動詞辨析題。由空格前的to可推斷此處缺少動詞。本句句意為：然而，克雷頓博士與她的研究組不得不設(shè)計更加精妙的實驗來從實驗對象的簡單行為________復(fù)雜的思維過程。備選動詞中的infer可以與from搭配，意為“從……推斷出……”符合句意，故G為正確答案。二、長篇閱讀(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)Obama'sSuccessIsn'tAllGoodNewsforBlackAmericansA)AsErinWhitewatchedtheelectionresultsheadtowardsvictoryforBarackObama,shefeltaburdenliftingfromhershoulders."Inthatonesecond,itwasavalidationformywholerace,"sherecalls."I'vealwaysbeenanachiever,"saysWhite,whoisstudyingforanMBAatVanderbiltUniversityinNashville,Tennessee."ButtherehadalwaysbeenthesethingsinthebackofmymindquestioningwhetherIreallycanbewhoIwant.Itwaslikeashadow,followingmearoundsayingyoucanonlygosofar.Nowit'slikeabarrierhasbeenletdown."B)White'sexperienceiswhatmanypsychologistshadexpected—thatObamawouldprovetobeapowerfulrolemodelforAfricanAmericans.SomehopedhisrisetoprominencewouldhaveabigimpactonwhiteAmericans,too,challengingthosewhostillharborracistsentiments."Thetraitsthatcharacterizehimareverycontradictorytotheracialstereotypesthatblackpeopleareaggressiveanduneducated,"saysAshbyPlantofFloridaStateUniversity."He'sveryintelligentandeloquent."StinginthetailC)AshbyPlantisoneofanumberofpsychologistswhoseizedonObama'scandidacytotesthypothesesaboutthepowerofrolemodels.Theirworkisalreadystartingtorevealhowthe"Obamaeffect"ischangingpeople'sviewsandbehavior.Perhapssurprisingly,itisnotallgoodnews:thereisastinginthetailoftheObamaeffect.D)Butfirstthegoodnews.BarackObamareallyisapositiverolemodelforAfricanAmericans,andhewasmakinganimpactevenbeforehegottotheWhiteHouse.Indeed,theObamaeffectcanbesurprisinglyimmediateandpowerful,asRayFriedmanofVanderbiltUniversityandhiscolleaguesdiscovered.E)TheytestedfourseparategroupsatfourkeystagesofObama'spresidentialcampaign.Eachgroupconsistedofaround120adultsofsimilarageandeducation,andthetestassessedtheirlanguageskills.Attwoofthesestages,whenObama'ssuccesswaslessthancertain,thetestsshowedacleardifferencebetweenthescoresofthewhiteandblackparticipants—anaverageof12.1outof20,comparedto8.8,forexample.WhentheObamafeverwasatitsheight,however,theblackparticipantsperformedmuchbetter.ThosewhohadwatchedObama'sacceptancespeechastheDemocrats'presidentialcandidateperformedjustaswell,onaverage,asthewhitesubjects.Afterhiselectionvictory,thiswastrueofalltheblackparticipants.DramaticshiftF)Whatcanexplainthisdramaticshift?Atthestartofthetest,theparticipantshadtodeclaretheirraceandweretoldtheirresultswouldbeusedtoassesstheirstrengthsandweaknesses.Thisshouldhaveprimedthesubjectswith"stereotypethreat"—ananxietythattheirresultswillconfirmnegativestereotypes,whichhasbeenshowntodamagetheperformanceofAfricanAmericans.Obama'ssuccessesseemedtoactasashieldagainstthis."Wesuspecttheyfeltinspiredandenergizedbyhisvictory,sothestereotypethreatwouldn'tproveadistraction,"saysFriedman.LingeringracismG)IftheObamaeffectispositiveforAfricanAmericans,howisitaffectingtheirwhitecompatriots(同胞)?Istheexperienceofhavingacharismatic(有魅力的)blackpresidentmodifyinglingeringracistattitudes?Thereisnoeasywaytomeasureracismdirectly,insteadpsychologistsassesswhatisknownas"implicitbias",usingacomputer-basedtestthatmeasureshowquicklypeopleassociatepositiveandnegativewords—suchas"love"or