定語從句課件高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)

高考英語語法高考英語語法核心語法詞類動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)非謂語動詞定語從句名詞性從句狀語從句邊緣語法虛擬語氣情態(tài)動詞倒裝句省略句強調(diào)句Relativeclause定語從句形容詞數(shù)詞、名詞動詞不定式副詞Theboythereismylittlebrother.介詞短語Heisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.Guilinisabeautifulcity.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.

Therearethirtywomenteachersinourschool.定語是對名詞或代詞起修飾作用的詞、短語或句子，名詞、代詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、介詞短語、非謂語動詞、從句等都可以作定語。定語從句Thegirlwhoissmilingismysister.V-ing形式Heisasingerwhoispopularwithteenagers.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞which,who,whom,whose,thatwhere,when,why定語從句：在句中起定語作用，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句。that在從句中作主語,賓語或表語，指人或物。which在從句中作主語或賓語，指物。1.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.

2.

Thenoodles(that)Icookedweredelicious.

(主語)(賓語)(主語)(賓語)3.Shenzhenisnotthecitythatitusedtobe.4.Theyplantedthetreeswhichdidn’tneedmuchwater.5.Thefish(which)weboughtwerenotfresh.(表語)1.1關(guān)系代詞that,whichwho,whom在從句中分別作主語和賓語，指人。(主語)(賓語)(賓語)1.2關(guān)系代詞who,whom1.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledMichael.2.ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.3.Mr.ReadistheprofessorwhomImetyesterday.whose在從句中作定語，指人或物。

1.MrLiuwantstotalktothestudentswhosehomeworkhasn’tbeenhandedin.2.Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.1.3關(guān)系代詞whose

關(guān)系代詞先行詞所作成分是否可省that人/物主語/賓語作賓語時可以省略，前有介詞時不可省略which物主語/賓語who人主語whom人賓語whose人/物定語不可以省略Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.

先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代詞時Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時(4)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast

修飾時I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.(2)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,few等修飾時關(guān)系代詞只用that不用which的情況(5)先行詞既有人又有物時

Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?(6)主句中有疑問詞which或who時Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheyremembered.①Peoplewanttolistentosomeonewhoisinteresting.②Anyonewhobreaksthelawispunished.③Thestudentyoushouldlearnfromistheonewhoworkshard.④Thosewhobreakthelawarepunished.⑤Hewhobreaksthelawispunished.1.4關(guān)系代詞只用who的情況⑥Thefamousfilmstar,whotriestomakeacomeback,drawsalotofattention.1.當(dāng)先行詞是指人的代詞如he,she,someone,those…時用who.2.非限制性定語從句先行詞指人時用who.Ihadthesameexperienceasyouhad.我跟你有相同的經(jīng)歷。（as在從句中做賓語，不可省）Ineverheardsuchstoriesashetold.我從未聽過他講的這種故事。（as在從句中做賓語）Hereissoheavyaboxascanbeliftedbynobody.這里有一個沒人能搬得動的箱子。（as在從句中做主語）1.5as引導(dǎo)的定語從句as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句：主句中出現(xiàn)thesame,as,such,so修飾先行詞，需選擇as做關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中做主語或賓語。主要結(jié)構(gòu)有：thesame…asas…assuch…asso…as

as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,指代整個主句,在從句中作主語、賓語或表語。常譯為“正如”Aseveryoneknows,Chinaisabeautifulcountrywithalonghistory.Heforgottobringhispenwithhim,aswasoftenthecase.Asweallknow，(Asiswellknown，)眾所周知Asweexpected,正如我們所預(yù)料的Asoftenhappens,正如經(jīng)常發(fā)生的那樣Asisoftenthecase,情況常常如此Ashasbeensaidbefore，如前所述Asmaybeimagined,可以想象得出Ashasbeenpointedout,正如已經(jīng)指出的那樣Aswillbeshownin…正如將在…中展示的那樣Asismentionedabove正如上面所提到的1.Theway________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Hemanagedtoachievehisgoalinaway___________wasimpossible.3.Theway_______________heusedwasquitesimple.that/whichthat/inwhich/that/which/theway作先行詞1.從句中缺狀語，關(guān)系詞用that,inwhich或不填。2.從句中缺賓語用that、which或不填。3.從句中缺主語用that、which。1.6theway作先行詞時的關(guān)系詞如何選擇關(guān)系詞：1.確定定語從句2.看先行詞是指人還是指物3.看從句中缺什么成分（把先行詞還原到定語從句中，看先行詞在定語從句中作什么成分4.確定關(guān)系詞Theboys______areplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Footballisagame___________islikedbymostboys.who/thatwhich/that選擇正確的關(guān)系代詞填入題目中的空白處。1.Ilikethepresent__________you'vesenttome.2.Thenurse__________wetalkedaboutcanspeakEnglishwell.3.Thisisthemostdifficultjob__________we'veeverdone.4.Thisisthecleverestman__________I'veeverknown.5.Theoldgentleman__________youmetjustnowisafamouswriter.6.Wetalkedaboutthethingsandpersons________wesawthen.7.Iliveintheroom_________windowfacessouth.1.that/which/不填2.that/who/whom/不填3.that4.that5.who/whom/that/不填6.that7.whose關(guān)系副詞先行詞所作成分when時間時間狀語where地點地點狀語why原因原因狀語1.7關(guān)系副詞when,where,why先行詞指時間，定語從句中缺時間狀語時，用關(guān)系副詞when1.Istillrememberthatdaywhen

IfirstcametoNanjing.

2.Istillremembertheyearwhen

IjoinedtheParty.

1.7.1關(guān)系副詞when先行詞指地點，定語從句中缺地點狀語時用關(guān)系副詞whereThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironmentwheretheylive.

1.7.2關(guān)系副詞where先行詞是reason，從句中缺原因狀語時用關(guān)系副詞why時Thisisthereasonwhytheboywaspunished.Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhecamesolate.

1.7.3關(guān)系副詞why1.7.2關(guān)系副詞whereTips:當(dāng)先行詞是case,condition,situation,position,point,stage,scene,occasion等詞，表示情況、方面、處境且從句中缺狀語時用關(guān)系副詞where。Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.OccasionsarerarewhenIhavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.我有時間和孩子們度過一天的時機很少。Pleasedescribeanoccasionwhereyoumetdifficulties.請描述你所遇到的困境的場景。

2.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.Thisisthehouse.Ilivedinthehouselastyear.1.Istillrememberthatdaywhen

IfirstcametoNanjing.Istillrememberthatday.IfirstcametoNanjingonthatday.Istillrememberthedaywhen(=onwhich)IfirstcametoNanjing.Thisisthehousewhere(=inwhich)Ilivedlastyear.3.Thisisthereasonwhytheboywaspunished.Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)theboywaspunished.1.8介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstcametoNanjing.Thisisthehouseinwhich

Ilivedlastyear.Thisisthereasonforwhichtheboywaspunished.Themantowhomyouspokeisateacher.一、基本構(gòu)成1.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞只能用which或whom，即：介詞+which(指人）/介詞+whom（指物）。

（1）Themantowhomyouspokeisateacher.（2）ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedlastyear.1.8介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句關(guān)系代詞前介詞選擇三原則：一先，二動，三意義1.一先，即根據(jù)定語從句中的先行詞常用的搭配選擇合適的介詞。Ineverforgettheday________whichIcametothisschool.2.二動，即根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動詞常用的搭配選擇合適的介詞。Thisistheman________whomIreferred.3.三意義，即根據(jù)定語從句的意義來確定介詞。Thisismypairofglasses,________whichIcannotseeclearly.ontowithoutDoexercises

答案來啦！??！1.who/that2.of3.when4.where5.where6.why7.whom8.where9.which10.where11.where12.where13.whereMyfavoritemovie______________________________________________(眾所周知，興趣是最好的老師)Inmysparetime,Ilikewatchingfilms,________________________________________________(這豐富我的生活，開闊我的視野)TodayIwanttointroduceamovietoyou,____________________________(它的名字是美麗人生)

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