Unit1ArtDiscoverUsefulStructures課件高中英語人教版選擇性

EB3U1ARTDiscoveringusefulstructuresTask1Observegrammar1.OurgoalistodisplaytheChineseartisticgeniusfromancienttimes.2.PerhapsthebestwaytounderstandWesternart

istolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.3.DuringtheMiddleAges,thepurposeofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.4.Inthiswork,Monet’saimwastoconveythelightandmovementinthescene.5.Whattheyattemptedtodowasnolongershowreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,“Whatisart?”infinitives----predictivediscoverusefulstructuresObservegrammarExploregrammarInternalizegrammarApplygrammarTask2ExploregrammarMatchthesentencehalvesandunderlinethenounsorclausesusedasthesubjectineachsentence.非謂語動詞之todo動詞謂語非謂語donedoingtodo具有動詞的特征具有名詞的特征具有形容詞的特征具有副詞的特征主語謂語表語賓語定語狀語賓補(bǔ)

todo不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài)：類別主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)意義一般式todo完成式進(jìn)行式/完成進(jìn)行式/tobedonetohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendoingtohavebeendone發(fā)生在謂語動詞之后發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前正在進(jìn)行一直持續(xù)找出謂語和非謂語1.ToimprovemyEnglish,Idecidetolearngrammar.2.Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisbeneficialtoourhealth.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,ourschoollooksbeautiful.4.Thestudy,publishedin2009,foundthatwhenwritingwithapenandpaper,participants

wrotelongeressaysandmorecompletesentencesandhadafasterwordproductionrate.找出謂語和非謂語1.ToimprovemyEnglish,Idecidetolearngrammar.2.Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisbeneficialtoourhealth.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,ourschoollooksbeautiful.4.Thestudy,publishedin2009,foundthatwhenwritingwithapenandpaper,participants

wrotelongeressaysandmorecompletesentencesandhadafasterwordproductionrate.舉辦2022年冬季奧運會是我們國家巨大的榮幸。Tohostthe2022WinterOlympicsisagreathonorforourcountry.作主語非謂語動詞之todo的句法功能習(xí)近平主席決定宣布冬奧會開幕。PresidentXidecidedtodeclare

the2022WinterOlympicsopen.作賓語TheBeijingWinterOlmpicswillopenonFebruary4,2022,whichwillfeature7sports,15disciplinesand109events.Inthefollowing16days,therewillbe109eventstobeenjoyed.在接下來的16天里，我們將看到109個精彩的項目。作定語Towinthecompetition,thecompetitorshavetopracticeharddayandnight.為了贏得比賽，運動員們不得不沒日沒夜地練習(xí)。作狀語Ourathletesarebelievedtobethebestintheworld.我們的運動員被認(rèn)為是世界上最棒的。作補(bǔ)語

回歸課本1.PerhapsthebestwaytounderstandWesternartistolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.2.DuringtheMiddleages,thepurposeofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.3.Inthiswork,Monet'saimwastoconveythelightandmovementinthescene.4.Whattheyattemptedtodowasnolonger(to)showreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,“Whatisart”?不定式作表語Everyoneseemedtobesatisfiedwiththeopeningceremonyof2022WinterOlympics.每個人似乎都對這次的開幕式很滿意。作表語Whatisapredicative?表語常由名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動名詞、不定式、從句來充當(dāng)，是指說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)、品性、特征和狀態(tài)的詞或從句，常位于系動詞之后examplesentences:Shelooksmuchyoungerinherreddress.Theyseemtohavemisunderstoodme.Themeatwillstayfreshforseveraldaysinthefridge.Heneverkeepsangryforalongtime.

系動詞分為五種1、狀態(tài)系動詞用來表示主語狀態(tài),只有be一詞,而且主語不同，be的形式也不同，且有時態(tài)的變化。這是我們最常見的系動詞。Sheisverybeautiful.她非常漂亮。2、持續(xù)系動詞用來表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度,主要有keep,remain,stay,lie,stand等Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.他開會時總保持沉默。3、感官動詞

感官動詞主要有feel,sound,seem,smell,sound,taste,appear,look等

Helookstired.

他看起來很累。Itsoundstomeasthoughthere’sataprunningsomewhere.我好像聽到某處水龍頭流水的聲音。Shefeltasifherheadweresplitting.她仿佛覺得她的頭要裂開了。Theriverappearedasifenvelopedinsmog.那條河好像籠罩在煙霧之中。4、變化系動詞

這些系動詞表示主語變成什么樣,變化系動詞主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.Hebecamemadafterthat.自那之后,他瘋了。Shegrewrichwithinashorttime.她沒多長時間就富了。

5、終止系動詞

表示主語已終止動作,主要有prove,trunout,表達(dá)"證實","變成"之意.Therumorprovedfalse.這謠言證實有假。Thesearchproveddifficult.搜查證實很難。Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.他的計劃終于成功了。2.功能①

Hisplanistocleantheroom.他的計劃是打掃房間。Thestudentsaretomeetattheschoolgatetomorrow.明天學(xué)生們將在學(xué)校大門口見面。DiscoverandFindPresentation主語(事物)＋be＋不定式(作表語)表示主語的具體內(nèi)容主語(人)＋be＋不定式(作表語)表示將來，為“即將”之意。Function1.表示將來或預(yù)計Idon’tknowwhatistohappentousifwegoonlikethis.如果我們這樣下去,我不知道我們會發(fā)生什么事。IwenttohavealookattheroomwhereIwastotalkthatafternoon.我去看了一下那個房間,那天下午我要在那里講話。Function2.表示目的Thenextstepistomakesurethatyouknowexactlywhatisrequired.下一步你要弄清楚真正需要的是什么。Thepurposeofeducationistodevelopafinepersonalityinchildren.教育的目的是發(fā)展孩子們美好的品格。Function3.表示計劃或意圖Theyaretobemarriednextweek.他們打算下周結(jié)婚。Theyaretofinishtheworkbeforethemanagercomesback.他們計劃在經(jīng)理回來前完成工作。注意:該結(jié)構(gòu)也可用于條件狀語從句。IfI’mtobethereontime,Imustleaveatonce.如果我要想準(zhǔn)時趕到那兒,我就必須馬上動身。Function4.表示命令或規(guī)定Visitorsaretoleavewhenthebellrings.來訪者必須在鈴響時離開。YouaretofinishyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV.你得做完了作業(yè)才能看電視。Shecangototheparty,butshe’snottobebacklate.她可以去參加聚會,但不能晚歸。常用不定式作表語的情況

（1）當(dāng)主語是建議:suggestion,advice,proposal目標(biāo)與計劃:aim,goal,purpose,plan夢想與希望:dream,wish,hope職責(zé):duty3.【用法】常用動詞不定式作表語，表示主語的內(nèi)容例句Thepurposeofeducationistodevelopafinepersonalityinstudents.Thedutyofthepoliceistokeep

ussafe.Thesuggestion

foryouistostudy

hard.Mydreamis___________(become)apainter.MysuggestionaboutimprovingEnglishis________(memorize)wordseveryday.Mydutyis____________(help)mystudentsimprovetheirEnglish.Mynextplanis____________(take)partinacompetition.tocometomemorizetohelptotake（2）以What引導(dǎo)的主語從句，常用不定式作表語，說明主語的內(nèi)容。WhatIsuggest

is

toaskyourfriendsandteachersforhelp.Whathewants

is

tosolvetheproblem.Whatmatters/countsmost

is

toconcentrateonyourfavouritethings.Tip2：當(dāng)主語包含定語從句且其先行詞為代詞_____或者主語被___________________或形容詞________修飾時，其后可接“系動詞+不定式”作句子的表語。ObserveandDiscoverAllhewantedwas_______________.

他只想一個人待著。TheleastIcandotohelpis________________.

我所能幫的最起碼的事是借給她一輛車。tobeleftalonetolendheracarallonly,first,one,least最高級動詞不定式（4）表“同意、安排、命令、決定、勸告、愿望、意愿、禁止、預(yù)期的結(jié)果等”

Theyaretomarrynextweek.Youmustbepatientandpersistentifyouaretosucceed.Youare

tohaveaface-to-facetalkwiththem.Studentsarenottousemobilephoneinschool.（表安排）（表禁止）（表勸告）（表愿望）Wearetotravelintwoyears.(表想法)Asplanned,wearetoholdthetalentshowtoday.(表計劃，安排)Youaretofinishyourhomeworkontime.(表義務(wù))（5）動詞不定式作表語可用于被動語態(tài)，相當(dāng)于___________________________________，具有情態(tài)意義。

Theregulationsare__________________.=Theregulationsmustbeobserved.Youare_______________.=Youshouldberewarded.tobeobservedtoberewardedcan/could,should,oughtto,must（6）某些動詞不定式(短語)作表語時，需用主動形式表示被動

Whois_____________thefire?誰應(yīng)為這場大火承擔(dān)責(zé)任？Thehouseis_________.此房出租。toblamefortolet?

?完成句子①Findingasmallneighbourhoodinavastcountryproved

tobeimpossible

?.

在一個遼闊的國家里找一個小社區(qū)被證明是不可能的。②

WhatamItosay

?iftheyaskmethequestion？

要是他們問我這個問題，我該怎么回答呢？③Thesebooks

arenottobesold

?.

這些書不應(yīng)該被賣掉。④Inmyopinion，

sheistoblame

?.

在我看來，她應(yīng)該受到責(zé)備。tobeimpossible

WhatamItosay

arenottobesold

sheistoblame

不定式作表語，可以省略to的情況

動詞不定式(短語)作表語時，一般情況下不定式to不能省略，但當(dāng)前面的主語中有do的某種形式時，作表語的不定式可以省略to。

eg:

Whatyoushoulddonextis(to)helphimwithhisEnglish.Theonlythinghecandonowis

(to)giveup

theplan.Allyouneedtodois(to)readyourbookcarefully.前有do,后省to

對比填空P11①Myambitionis___________(work)inthecomputerindustrywhenIgrowup.②WhatIwanttodois_______(work)inthecomputerindustrywhenIgrowup.③Themostimportantthingtodois_______(conquer)yourself.④Themostdifficultthingis_______(get)thiscompanyrunningsmoothly.

toworkworkconquertoget37.用于seem,appear,remain,prove,turnout等之后。Severalproblemsremain

.WhenIenteredtheroom,sheseemed

(read)anovel.tobereadingSomethingproved

(go)wrongwiththatwashingmaching.tohavegonetobesettled【造句練習(xí)】1.是否參加比賽還有待討論。2.他好像在來上學(xué)前就已經(jīng)感冒了。3.科學(xué)家們似乎在這個領(lǐng)域正在不斷取得進(jìn)步。Whethertoparticipateinthecompetitionremainstobediscussed.Heseemedtohavecaughtacoldbeforegoingtoschool.Thescientists

appeartobemakingconstantprogressinthisfield.Exploregrammar8.Togothereatthishourwastoriskone’slife.Toaskhimesuchquestionsistoirritatehims.Toseeistobelieve.Tohearistoobey.Tip1:當(dāng)句子的主語是___________時，系動詞后可接不定式作表語，用于解釋主語所描述的________或說明該行為帶來的________。不定式行為結(jié)果

辨析

不定式做表語和動名詞做表語的區(qū)別不定式作表語強(qiáng)調(diào)的是________________________的動作動名詞作表語強(qiáng)調(diào)的是_______________________的動作①Ourworkis

(serve)thepeople.②Myjobtodayis___________(clean)theclassroom.Hisjobistopaintthewallswithintwohours.Hisjobispaintingwalls.暫時的工作日常的工作servingtoclean一次性、具體的、將要發(fā)生一般性、抽象的、經(jīng)常發(fā)生?

?完成句子①Myjobis

teachingyouEnglish

?.

我的工作是教你們英語。②Hisdreamis

tobeadoctor

?afterhegrowsup.

他的夢想是長大后當(dāng)一名醫(yī)生。teachingyouEnglish

tobeadoctor

原則1:形式上，最好保持一致

Toseeistobelieve.Seeingisbelieving.

眼見為實原則2:表達(dá)某一特定的行為，尤其是將來的行為，通常用todo作表語

Herdreamistobeanartist.Myplanistopurchaseanewrealisticpainting.

原則3:表達(dá)經(jīng)常性的行為，常用doing作表語Myhobbyispainting.Myfavoritethingispaintingportraits.

動詞不定式作表語1.

當(dāng)主語是建議、目標(biāo)與計劃、夢想與愿望、職責(zé)時，表示主語的內(nèi)容，2.以What引導(dǎo)的主語從句，說明主語的內(nèi)容。6.

主動形式表示被動意義4.

表示“同意、安排、命令、決定、勸告、意愿、禁止”等3.

當(dāng)主語包含定語從句且其先行詞為代詞all5.

用于被動語態(tài)，相當(dāng)于can/could,should,oughtto,must,具有情態(tài)意義Summary1.Themottoofthelittleboywhowassufferingfromamusclediseasewas_______(live)oneday.2.Itisyou,includingyourcousin,that____________(blame)forthelossofthegoldenchance.tolivearetoblame3.Thenextstepis________surethatyouknowexactlywhatisrequired.4.Thepurposeofeducationis___________(develop)afinepersonalityinchildren.tomaketodevelop5.Oneofthemostdamagingthingsaparentcoulddowas___________(punish)theirchildrenforpoormarks.6.Youappear__________