高中英語北師大版選擇性必修一UNIT 3 Period 1　Topic Talk Lesson 2

Period1TopicTalk&Lesson2觀點與態(tài)度聽力對話中經(jīng)常涉及一方對另一方或某一事件、觀點、言論、行為的態(tài)度和反應，或贊成或反對，或滿意或失望，包含喜、怒、哀、樂等各種情緒。該題型常見的設問方式如下：Howdoestheman/womanfeel?Whatdoesthemanthinkof...?Whatdoestheman/womanmean/imply?Whatdoweknowabouttheman/woman?Whatistheman’s/woman’sattitude?Whatistheman’s/woman’sfeelingtowardsthesubject?...解題技巧1．對話通常由第一個人開啟話題并提出問題，然后第二個人提供信息，表達觀點。所以要尤其特別注意第二個人的說話內(nèi)容，注意其語音語調(diào)。英語中，語調(diào)主要有升調(diào)和降調(diào)兩種，不同的語調(diào)表達不同的含義。升調(diào)表示對事物的懷疑、否定和不解；降調(diào)表示對事物的贊成和認可。2．注意提示詞和關(guān)鍵詞。考生可以根據(jù)一些提示性的語言或一些相關(guān)的詞語進行判斷，如Ithink...；Itseemstomethat...；AsfarasI’mconcerned...；Icouldsay...；Itis/soundstruethat...同時還要注意表示否定、轉(zhuǎn)折和虛擬等含義的指示詞。如：I’dbesackedifIacceptedyouroffer.所表達的是拒絕。3．從字里行間判斷。錄音材料的內(nèi)容中不會直接說明態(tài)度，但在字里行間會有滲透，考生要在聽懂對話的基礎(chǔ)上，依據(jù)語氣充分理解其言外之意和所反映出來的態(tài)度。聽力試題聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．WhathasKate’smotherdecidedtodo?A．Returntoschool.B．Changeherjob.C．Retirefromwork.9．WhatdidKate’smotherstudyatcollege?A．Oilpainting.B．Arthistory.C．Businessadministration.10．WhatisKate’sattitudetowardhermother’sdecision?A．Disapproving.B．Ambiguous.C．Understanding.聽力分析通過提前閱讀聽力題干我們可以大致猜測出，該對話針對媽媽所作出的一個決定而展開。在聽的過程中我們要有針對性地去聽，以獲取以下信息：媽媽的決定是什么？媽媽在大學里學了什么專業(yè)？女兒對媽媽的決定持什么態(tài)度？A.Disapproving.(不贊同的)B．Ambiguous.(模棱兩可的)C．Understanding.(理解的)；第三個題目的題干，一定要看清楚問的是女生的態(tài)度，而不是男生的態(tài)度，所以聽的時候要特別注意Kate所說的話。聽力原文Text7W：Guesswhat?Mymother’sdecidedtogobacktoschool!M：Why?W：Well，shealwayslovedart，butlearnedbusinessadministrationatcollegebecauseherparentsthoughtitwasdifficultforanartisttofindajob.M：So，shewantstostudyartnow?W：Yeah，oilpainting.It’sbeenherdreamforalongtime.M：It’snicetoreturntolearnwhatsheloves.But，Kate，Istillthinkoldageshouldbeaboutpeaceandrelaxation.Hurryingtoschooleverydayandhavingtopassexamssoundsabittoomuchforher.W：Youknow，sheretiredlastyearandI’mleavingfortheuniversitysoon.Sheneedstofindsomethinginterestingtodo.M：Well，maybe，ifit’swhatshewants.仔細聽錄音原文可知，Kate的媽媽決定重返校園(Mymother’sdecidedtogobacktoschool！)；媽媽上大學時雖然喜歡藝術(shù)，但是迫于父母的壓力學了商業(yè)管理(shealwayslovedart，butlearnedbusinessadministrationatcollege...)該句中有一個關(guān)鍵的轉(zhuǎn)折詞，要特別注意；對于媽媽的決定男生覺得不可思議，無法理解，但是Kate說“sheretiredlastyearandI’mleavingfortheuniversitysoon.Sheneedstofindsomethinginterestingtodo”，所以，從Kate的話中可知，她是理解并贊成媽媽去大學學習自己感興趣的藝術(shù)的。教材聽力訓練(課堂精彩PPT，高效集訓)本單元的交際用語所涉及的中心話題是保護自然。以下是該類話題的常見話題詞匯和句式：常見話題詞匯：1．conservation保護2．carbon碳3．emission排放(物)4．greenhouse溫室5．extinction滅絕6．drought干旱7．sandstorm沙塵暴8．habitat棲息地9．ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)10．recycle回收再利用11．pollution污染，污染物12．plastic塑料(制的)13．globalwarming全球變暖14．whitepollution白色污染15．throwaway/disposable一次性使用的；一次性的16．reusable可重復使用的17．recycle回收18．a(chǎn)lternative替代的，備選的19．sustainable可持續(xù)的20．environmentallyfriendly環(huán)保的常見話題句式：1．Manyanimalsareillegallyhuntedforsomethingtheyhave.許多動物因為它們擁有的東西而被非法獵殺。2．Ouroceansarefullofplasticwaste，andanimalsandbirdsendupswallowingtheplasticanddyingasaresult.我們的海洋里充斥著塑料垃圾，導致動物和鳥類因為吞食塑料而死。3．Inordertoprotecttheenvironment，Istronglysuggestthat....為了保護環(huán)境，我強烈建議……4．AsfarasIamconcerned，weallhavearoletoplayinprotectingtheenvironment.我認為在保護環(huán)境方面，我們大家都可以發(fā)揮作用。5．Onlyifwealldoourpart，canweliveahealthierlifeonEarth.只有我們都能盡到自己的責任，我們才能在地球上過得更健康。6．Ireallybelieveweshoulddoawaywithpackagingcompletely.我真的認為我們應該徹底廢除商品包裝。Ⅰ.閱讀理解AAnimalConservationManyanimalandplantspecieshavebecomeextinctandmanymoreareindanger.Findingwaystoprotecttheearth’swildlifeandconservethenaturalworldtheyinhabitisnowmoreimportantthanever.ThedodoThedodoisaclassicexampleofhowhumancauseddamagetotheearth’sbiology.TheflightlessdodowasnativetotheIslandofMauritiusintheIndianOcean.Theeasilycontrolledbirdbecameasourceoffoodforsailorsandwasattackedbyanimalsintroducedtotheislandbyhumanssuchaspigs，monkeysandrats.Thepopulationofdodosrapidlydecreasedandthelastonewaskilledin1681.RhinosTherhinohornisahighly-prizeditemforAsianmedicine.Thishasledtotheanimalbeinghuntedinitsnaturalhabitat.OncewidespreadinAfricaandEurasia，mostrhinosnowliveinprotectednaturalparksandreserves.Theirnumbershaverapidlydecreasedinthelast50years，andtheanimalsremainunderconstantthreatfrompoachers.ThegiantpandasThefutureoftheWWF’ssymbolisfarfromcertain.Asfewas1,000remaininthewild，theChinesegovernmenthassetup33pandareservestoprotectthesebeautifulanimals.However，thepanda’sdistinctblackandwhitepatchedcoatfetchesahighpriceontheblackmarketanddeterminedpoachersstillposeoneofthemostseriousthreatstotheanimals.WhalesDespitethefactthatone-thirdoftheworld’soceanshavebeendeclaredwhalesanctuaries,7outof13whalespeciesremainendangered.Huntedfortheirrichsupplyofoil，theirnumbershavedecreasedtojust300.Collisionswithships，poisonouspollutionandbeingcaughtinfishingnetsareothermajorcausesofwhaledeaths.TigersThelast100yearshasseena95%reductioninthenumberofremainingtigerstobetween5,000and7,000andtheBali，Javan，andCaspiantigersarealreadyextinct.TheSouthChinatigerisclosetodisappearing，withonly20to30stillalive.Liketherhinohorn，thetigers’bonesandorgansaresoughtafterfortraditionalChinesemedicines.Theseitemsaretradedillegallyalongwithtigerskins.語篇解讀這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了五種已滅絕或處于瀕危的動物。1．Whichgroupofthefollowinganimalshasnolongerexistedaccordingtothetext?A．Thedodo，rhinoandpanda.B．Therhino，whaleandSouthChinatiger.C．ThedodoandtheBali，Javan，andCaspiantigers.D．Therhino，panda，whaleandtiger.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thepopulationofdodosrapidlydecreasedandthelastonewaskilledin1681.”以及最后一段中的“...theBali，Javan，andCaspiantigersarealreadyextinct.”可知，渡渡鳥、巴厘島虎、爪哇虎和里?；⒁呀?jīng)不存在了。故選C。2．Whatcanserveasacureforcertaindiseases?A．Thewhale’srichoil.B．Therhinohornandtigers’bonesandorgans.C．Thepanda’sblackandwhitepatchedcoat.D．Thedodo’sdeliciousmeat.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Liketherhinohorn，thetigers’bonesandorgansaresoughtafterfortraditionalChinesemedicines.”可知，犀牛角和老虎的骨頭和器官可以治療某些疾病。故選B。3．Whichofthefollowingismentionedinallthedescriptionsofthosewildanimals?A．Thereasonfortheirextinctionorbeingindanger.B．Thewayoftheirlife.C．Whytheyarehunted.D．Punishmentforhuntingwildanimals.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theeasilycontrolledbirdbecameasourceoffoodforsailorsandwasattackedbyanimals...”；第三段中的“Therhinohorn...Thishasledtotheanimalbeinghuntedinitsnaturalhabitat.”；第四段中的“However，thepanda’sdistinctblackandwhitepatchedcoatfetchesahighprice...poseoneofthemostseriousthreatstotheanimals.”；倒數(shù)第二段中的“Huntedfortheirrichsupplyofoil...”以及最后一段中的“Liketherhinohorn...Theseitemsaretradedillegallyalongwithtigerskins.”可知，A選項“它們滅絕或瀕危的原因”在所有對這些野生動物的描述中都提到了。故選A。BPlasticsareamazingmaterials，whicharewidelyusedinourdailylife.Besides，they’reoftencheaptomake.About8.3billionmetrictonsofplastichavebeenproducedtodate.That’sabout1,400timestheweightoftheGreatPyramidofGiza.Someofthatplasticisstillinuse.Butabout5.8billionmetrictonshavebeenthrownaway.Allthatplasticwasteisanenvironmentalscourge(禍根)．Onlyabout9percentofplasticwastehasbeenrecycled.Another12percenthasbeenburned.Theremaining79percentwoundupinlandfillsorinnature.Andthatplastic，likeasingleLegoblock，takesalongtimetodecompose(分解)．Plasticlitterstheworldfromthehighestmountaintoptothedeepestseafloor.Manyanimalsmistakethisrubbishforfood.Iftheygetfull，theseanimalsmayforgettoeatrealfoodandsuffer.Plasticrubbishintheoceansalsoleavesbirds，turtlesandotherwildlifeinajam.Bigpiecesofplasticaren’ttheonlyproblem.Abandonedplasticcanbreakintotinybitscalledmicroplastics.Windsblowthesebitsfarandwide.Oceancurrentscanspreadthemthroughoutthesea.Thesepollutantsbuildupinsideanimals.Theyalsogetintoourfoodanddrinkingwater.EachAmericanislikelytoconsumemorethan70,000microplasticpiecesperyear.Rightnow，nooneknowswhatriskthatmightbring.Scientistshavesomeideasabouthowtocleanupthismess.TheOceanCleanupisdevelopingcleanupsystemstofishoutplasticpiecesfromtheGreatPacificGarbagePatch.Microbesormealwormswithanappetiteforplasticmightsomedayeatthegarbage.Andnewnanotechnology(納米技術(shù))couldhelpmicroplasticsdecomposeintheenvironment.Butmanyoftheseplansarestillfarfromeffectivesofar.ThebestwaytohelpEarthrightnowistostopbuyingsomuchplastic—andthenthrowingitout—inthefirstplace.語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了塑料污染的現(xiàn)狀、帶來的后果以及可能的應對方案。4．WhatdoestheLegoblockshowaboutplasticwaste?A．Itishardtobreakdown.B．Littleofithasbeenburned.C．Itiseasytopileup.D．Mostofitendsupinlandfills.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Andthatplastic，likeasingleLegoblock，takesalongtimetodecompose(分解)．”可知，像樂高積木那樣的塑料垃圾很難分解。故選A項。5．Howmighttheplasticrubbishinfluenceanimals?A．Bystarvingthem.B．Byreducingtheirfood.C．Bypilingupintheirhomes.D．Bychangingtheenvironment.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Manyanimalsmistakethisrubbishforfood.Iftheygetfull，theseanimalsmayforgettoeatrealfoodandsuffer.”可知，許多動物會將塑料垃圾當成食物吃掉，吃飽后，它們可能會忘記吃真正的食物，這最終很可能導致餓死它們。故選A項。6．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothepresentmethodsofcleaningplasticwaste?A．Opposed. B．Supportive.C．Indifferent. D．Doubtful.答案D解析觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Butmanyoftheseplansarestillfarfromeffectivesofar.”可知，作者對現(xiàn)行的清理塑料垃圾的方案持懷疑態(tài)度。故選D項。7．Whydoestheauthorwritethetext?A．Tocriticizeplasticproduction.B．Tosuggestwaystohandleplastic.C．Toadvocateenvironmentalprotection.D．Tointroducethestateofplasticpollution.答案D解析寫作意圖題。本文作者先用數(shù)據(jù)說明塑料污染的嚴重性，接著說明它對生物的危害，最后呼吁人們不要買那么多塑料制品。由此推知，作者寫作本文旨在向人們介紹塑料污染的現(xiàn)狀。故選D項。CEndangeredpolarbearsarebreeding(繁殖)withgrizzlybears(灰熊)，creating“pizzly”bears，whichisbeingdrivenbyclimatechange，scientistssay.AstheworldwarmsandArcticseaicethins，starvingpolarbearsarebeingforcedeverfurthersouth，wheretheymeetgrizzlies，whoserangesareexpandingnorthwards.Andwiththatgrowingcontactbetweenthetwocomeincreasinghybrids(雜交種)．Withcharacteristicsthatcouldgivethehybridsanadvantageinwarmingnorthernhabitats，somescientistsguessthattheycouldbeheretostay.“Usually，hybridsaren’tbettersuitedtotheirenvironmentsthantheirparents，butthesehybridsareabletosearchforabroaderrangeoffoodsources，”LarisaDeSantis，anassociateprofessorofbiologicalsciencesatVanderbiltUniversity，toldLiveScience.Theriseof“pizzly”bearsappearswithpolarbears’decline:theirnumbersareestimatedtodecreasebymorethan30%inthenext30years.Thissuddenfallislinkedpartlyto“pizzly”bearstakinguppolarbears’ranges，wheretheyoutcompetethem，butalsotopolarbears’highlyspecializeddiets.“PolarbearsmainlyconsumedsoftfoodsevenduringtheMedievalWarmPeriod，apreviousperiodofrapidwarming，”DeSantissaid，referringtofatmealssuchasseals.“Althoughallofthesestarvingpolarbearsaretryingtofindalternativefoodsources，likeseabirdeggs，itcouldbeatippingpointfortheirsurvival.”Actually，thecaloriestheygainfromthesesourcesdonotbalanceoutthosetheyburnfromsearchingforthem.Thiscouldresultinahabitatreadyforthehybridstomoveinandtakeover，leadingtoalossinbiodiversityifpolarbearsarereplaced.“We’rehavingmassiveimpactswithclimatechangeonspecies，”DeSantissaid.“Thepolarbearistellingushowbadthingsare.Insomesense，‘pizzly’bearscouldbeasadbutnecessarycompromisegivencurrentwarmingtrends.”語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了由于氣候變暖，瀕危北極熊正在與灰熊一起繁殖，創(chuàng)造出“小灰熊”，雜交的“小灰熊”數(shù)量正在增加，這說明全球氣候正在變得更糟糕。8．Whydopolarbearsmovefurthersouth?A．Tocreatehybrids.B．Toexpandterritory.C．Torelievehunger.D．Tocontactgrizzlies.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“AstheworldwarmsandArcticseaicethins，starvingpolarbearsarebeingforcedeverfurthersouth”可知，北極熊向南遷移是為了緩解饑餓。故選C項。9．Whatmakes“pizzly”bearsadapttonaturalsurroundingsbetterthantheirparents?A．Broaderhabitats.B．Morefoodoptions.C．Climatepreference.D．Improvedbreedingability.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“butthesehybridsareabletosearchforabroaderrangeoffoodsources”可知，更多的食物選擇讓“小灰熊”比它們的父母更能適應自然環(huán)境。故選B項。10．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“atippingpoint”inparagraph5referto?A．Acriticalstage.B．Ararechance.C．Apositivefactor.D．Aconstantchange.答案A解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞下文可知，事實上，它們從這些食物中獲得的熱量并不能抵消它們在尋找這些食物時消耗的熱量。這可能導致一個棲息地被“小灰熊”接管，結(jié)合畫線部分所在句，atippingpoint應理解為“轉(zhuǎn)折點”，相當于acriticalstage(關(guān)鍵階段)。故選A項。11．What’sthemainideaofthetext?A．Polarbearsarechangingdietsforclimatechange.B．Polarbearshavealreadyadjustedtoclimatechange.C．“Pizzly”bearshavereplacedpolarbearsforglobalwarming.D．“Pizzly”bearsareontherisebecauseofglobalwarming.答案D解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)前兩段內(nèi)容和倒數(shù)第二段最后一句可知，由于全球變暖，“小灰熊”的數(shù)量正在上升。故選D項。Ⅱ.七選五Mostofusareawarethatwemusttakecareoftheenvironment，andthemajorityofustakestepstosaveenergyandreducewasteandpollution.Butrecently，some“greentruths”havebeenshowntobeonlyhalftrue，orevencompletelyfalse.1Eatinglocalfoodisgoodfortheenvironment.Itseemslikecommonsense:eatinglocalfoodshouldbebetterfortheenvironment，becauseitdoesnotneedtobetransportedlongdistancesandkeptcoldduringtransport.2Itistheproductionoffood，notitstransport，thatusesmostoftheenergyandproducesmostofthegreenhousegases.3Itdependsonhowlongyouspendintheshowerandhowlargeyourbathis.Ifyouspendmorethaneightminutesinashower，you’lluseasmuchwaterasinabath—about50litresofwater.Therefore，thekeyistokeepyourshowertimeasshortaspossible.Papershoppingbagsarebetterthanplasticones.Plasticbagscauselitterandareadangertowildanimals.4Ittakeshundredsofyearsforplastictobreakdown，butmuchlesstimeforpaper.Becauseofthis，peoplethinkpaperbagsarethebetterenvironmentalchoice.However，makingapaperbagusesfourtimesasmuchenergyasmakingaplasticbaganduptothreetimestheamountofwater.Theprocessalsoproducesmoregreenhousegases.5So，takeareusablebagwithyouwhe