2021屆湖北省黃岡市高二下學(xué)期期末調(diào)研考試英語(yǔ)試題解析版聽力

黃岡市2021年春季高二年級(jí)期末調(diào)研考試英語(yǔ)試題本試題卷共12頁(yè)，67題。全卷總分值150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。★?？荚図樌锟记绊氈?.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.答復(fù)選擇題時(shí),選出每題卷案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。答復(fù)非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一局部聽力〔共兩節(jié)，總分值30分〕第一節(jié)〔共5小題;每題1.5分，總分值7.5分〕聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來答復(fù)有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Howdidthemanfeelabouttheopera?A.Greatlypleased. B.Terriblydisappointed. C.Alittledissatisfied.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Mike.IheardyouwenttotheOperaHouse.HowwastheoperayousawlastSunday?M:Don’tmentionit.ItwasnotasgoodasIexpected.Ishouldhavewatchedthelivematchesathome.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】WhenwillLindacelebrateherbirthday?A.OnDecember20th. B.OnDecember25th. C.OnDecember30th.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:HeyDavid.HasLindainvitedyoutoher30thbirthdaypartytonight?M:Yes.Wecangotheretogether,Anne.IrememberyouwerebornonChristmasDay.W:Yes.Mybirthdayisinfivedays.Everyyearmyfamilythrowahugepartyforme.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abank. B.Acolleague. C.Arobbery.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Hey,Jack.HaveyouheardthebankwhereAbbyworkswasrobbedbyagunmanwearingamask?M:Oh,yeah.Ireadaboutitinthepaperthismorning.PoorAbby.Shemustbebadlyfrightened.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wheredoesthemanwanttogo?A.China. B.Russia. C.America.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Blessme,I’llhavea10-hourtrip,andIhavetochangeplaneinBeijing.SoIwon’tgetbackintoMoscowuntilMondaymorning.W:It’salongjourney.Keepintouch.ComeandseemeinNewYorkifyoucan.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whoisthewomanprobablytalkingto?A.Arepairman. B.Acustomer. C.Acarsalesman.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Hello,isthatAdamsAutoRepairShop?M:Yes.CanIhelpyou?W:Yes.ThisisAmanda.I’mcallingyouaboutmycar.WhencanIpickitup?M:I’mmendingitrightnow.It’llbereadyat2:00thisafternoon.第二節(jié)〔共15小題；每題1.5分，總分值22.5分〕聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每題5秒鐘,聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，答復(fù)以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inanofficedowntown.B.Inanapartmentdowntown.C.InanapartmentintheEastEnd.7.Whatdocsthemanwanttodonow?AGettowork. B.Gotoarestaurant. C.Visitthewoman'scompany.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】M:Wow!Niceplace!I’veneverbeentothispartoftownbefore.W:Thanks.Thisarea’scalledtheEastEnd.Itisn’tverycentral,butIchoseitbecauselcouldaffordmorespacehere.M:Yeah,youhaveawholeextraroom!W:Iknow!Iuseitforwork.M:Ithoughtyouworkedinanofficedowntown.W:Mycompanyletsmeworkonedayaweekfromhome.M:Lucky!You’vegotagreatbossandagreatapartment.I’msohappyforyou!Let’scelebrate!Letmetakeyoutodinner.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，答復(fù)以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whoisthemanprobablytalkingto?AAhotelclerk. B.Awaitress. C.Asaleswoman.9.Whydoesthemanprobablyneedtowaitaround15minutes?A.Heforgottomakeabookinginadvance.B.Thegrocerystoreiscrowedwithpeople.C.Thereisn'tanemptytableinthenon-smokingarea.10.Whatisthemangoingtodonext?A.Havesomethingtodrink B.Pickuphiswife. C.Shopforsnacks.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【解析】【原文】W:Goodevening.Doyouhaveareservation?M:No,wedon’t.W:Howmanypeopleareyoutogether?M:Justtwopeople.Mywifeisarrivinginfiveminutes.W:Wouldyouliketositinasmokingsection,anon-smokingsectionorwhatevercomesopenfirst?M:Well,wecannotputupwiththesmoking.So…W:Isee.ButI’mawfullysorry.Therearenoemptyseatsinthenon-smokingsectionnow.I’mafraidyou’llhavetowaitforawhile.M:HowlongdoyouthinkIhavetowait?W:Aboutfifteenminutes.We’llofferyouthemenusothatyoucanlookatitinadvance.M:Okay.I’msothirsty.Canyougivemeaglassofwaterfirst?W:Sure.Wealwaysprovidefreedrinksandsnacksinthewaitingarea.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，答復(fù)以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.Whatistheman'snationality?A.Chinese. B.American. C.French.12.HowoldwasthemanwhenhisparentsbroughthimtoParis?A.19yearsold. B.9yearsold. C.9monthsold.13.Wheredoesthewomandecidetogothiswinter?A.China. B.Thailand. C.America.【答案】11.B12.C13.A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Jennifer.Doyouthinktheweatheristoocoldlately?Areyoupreparingtotravelabroad?W:Yes,I’mpreparingtotraveltosomeplacewhichislovelyandwarm.ButIhaven’tdecidedwheretogoyet.M:Well,Imustsay,SanyaorsomecitiesofThailandarethebestchoice.W:Ifeelthesame.I’mwonderingwhethertogotoThailand.Haveyoueverbeenthere?M:No,Ihaven’t.W:Haveyouevertraveledabroad?M:Yes.Infact,Iwasbornabroad.W:Wherewereyouborn?M:China.I’mnotjoking.IwasmadeinChina.MyparentsareAmericansbutIwasborninShanghai.W:CanyouspeakChinese?M:No.WemovedtoPariswhenIwasyoungbecauseofmymother’snewjob.W:Howoldwereyouthen?M:Iwasnine.W:Youwerenineyearsold.AndyoucannotspeakChinese.M:No.Iwas9monthsold.Ha-Ha…ButmyparentsalwaysspeakhighlyofChina.W:Great.Itmustbeverycharming.NowImakemymindtotravelthecountrythiswinter.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，答復(fù)以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Puttingsomebooksinorder.B.Showingastudentaroundthelibrary.C.Providingassistancetosomeoneinneed.15.Wherecanthemanfindthebooksthatinteresthim?A.Onthe2ndfloor. B.Onthe3rdfloor. C.Onthe6thfloor.16.Howlongcanthemankeepmagazines?A.Nearlytwomonths. B.Aboutonemonth. C.Onlytwoweeks.【答案】14.C15.B16.B【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Goodmorning,Miss.It’smyfirstvisithere.Ineedsomebooks.W:Haveyougotareader’scard?M:I’mafraidnot,butIhavemystudentIDwithme.W:ThatmightbeOK.Whatkindofbooksareyouinterestedin?M:Ifancyartandmusic.W:Well,letmesee.Nowweareonthe2ndfloor.Youneedtoclimbonemorefloor.M:Thankyou.Bytheway,Ialsowanttolookforsomemagazines.W:Thenyoucansurftheopenshelvesonthe6thfloor.M:Good.HowlongcanIkeepthesebooksandmagazines?W:Booksfortwomonths,andmagazines,onlyfourweeks.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，答復(fù)以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Whoisthespeaker?A.Astudent. B.Areporter. C.Aguide.18.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetalk?A.Totellabouttherulesofthemuseum.B.Todiscusstheweekendplans.C.Toannouncesomechangesofavisit.19.Whenwasitscheduledtogotothemuseum?A.OnSunday. B.OnSaturday. C.OnMonday.20.Whatarcthelistenersadvisedtodo?A.Wearcomfortableclothes.B.Takeacamera.C.Avoidtouchingthings.【答案】17.A18.C19.A20.C【解析】【原文】M:Hello,everyone!I’mJohn,thePresidentoftheStudentUnion.NowIhaveanimportantannouncementtomake.Thereareafewchangesthathavebeenmadetothevisit.So,pleasepayfullattentiontowhatI’msayingnext.Westillhavebeenarrangedtopayavisittothelocalmuseumthisweekend,butit’sonSaturday.Wewereinformedthatthemuseumwouldn’topenthisSundayduetosomespecialreasons.Andwearegoingtomeetontheplaygroundinsteadoftheschoolgateateighto’clockinthemorning.Wewillgodirectlytherebyschoolbus.Owingtotheverybigmuseum,you’dbetterwearcomfortableshoesforlongwalks.Morethananything,pleasebringanotebookwithyouandmakesomenotes.WewillhaveadiscussionaboutitintheclassmeetingnextMonday.Oh,Inearlyforgettoremindyouoftherules.Don’ttakepicturesoftheculturalrelics.Butifyoudowanttotakeapicture,youcandothatinfrontofthemuseum.Andnobodyisallowedtotouchanythingthere,orelsetheywillbefined.Haveaniceweekend!第二局部閱讀〔共兩節(jié)，總分值50分〕第一節(jié)〔共15小題；每題2?5分.總分值37.5分〕閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最正確選項(xiàng)。AVailMarriottMountainResortVailWinterWeatherGuideCoveredingrandmountains，flashinglightsandsnowypines,Vailisperfectforexplorersandpeoplewholoveadventuresalike.Whetherskiingdowntheslopesforthefirsttimeorthehundredth,thisguidewillensurethatyou'rereadyforeverythingthiscityhastooffer.BestTimetoVacationDecemberthroughtoMarchtendstobethebesttimeforthoseinterestedinskiingdowntheslopesinstyle.KnowBeforeYouGoMakethenecessarypreparationsandreservationsinadvance：?SkiandSnowboardRentals〔租賃〕：Don'thaveyourownequipment!VailSportsrentsoutavarietyofskisandsnowboardsforallagesandabilities,aswellassnowshoesandhelmets.?ClothingRentals：Forthosenotinterestedinpurchasinghundredsofdollarsofskiclothingforonevacation.MountainThreadshasarentalprogramjustforyou,whereyoucangetmountainnecessitieslikecoats,pantsandgoggles〔護(hù)目鏡〕.?Suncream：Youmightnotthinkaboutgettingsunburn,butithappenstoskiersandsnowboarderseveryday.?Difficultylevels：It'simportanttoknowwhatlevelyou'reatbeforejumpingonaskiliftandheadingupthemountain.Useafreetrailmapandplantheslopesyou'regoingtoskidownaheadoftimebasedonthefollowinglevelsyou'llfindupthemountain：?GreenCircle：Thesearetheeasiestslopes.?BlueSquare：Theseindicateaveragetomediumlevels.?BlackDiamond：Themostadvancedslopes.Somemountainswillfeaturedoubleblackdiamonds,indicatingevenhigherdifficulty.WhileVailisfamousforsnowsports,you'llfindplentyofotherfunthingstodooncethesungoesdownoryouaretired.Exploretherestofourwebsiteformoreinformation!21.WhenisthebesttimetovisitVailifyoulikeskiing?A.InMarch,AprilJuneandDecemberB.InDecember,February,AprilandMarchC.InJanuary,February,MarchandDecemberD.InSeptember,October,NovemberandDecember22.BeforeyougototheVailMarriottMountainResort,youwillhavetotake________withyou.A.helmets B.gogglesC.suncream D.atrailmap23.Whatwillaskiingbeginnerwhowantstoenjoyhimselfprefertochoose?A.BlueSquare B.BlackDiamondCDoubleBlackDiamonds D.GreenCircle【答案】21.C22.C23.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了維爾萬豪山度假酒店的相關(guān)信息以及度假之前的考前須知?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題BestTimetoVacation局部的“DecemberthroughtoMarchtendstobethebesttime……(12月到3月往往是最好的時(shí)間……)〞可知去VailMarriottMountainResort滑雪的最正確時(shí)間是十二月到三月。應(yīng)選C。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題KnowBeforeYouGo下的“Youmightnotthinkaboutgettingsunburn,butithappenstoskiersandsnowboarderseveryday.(你可能沒想過會(huì)被曬傷，但它每天都會(huì)發(fā)生在滑雪者和滑雪板上。)〞可知去維爾萬豪山度假村時(shí)要帶上防曬霜。應(yīng)選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題KnowBeforeYouGo下的Difficultylevels中的“Thesearetheeasiestslopes.(這些是最簡(jiǎn)單的滑道。)〞可知GreenCircle是最簡(jiǎn)單的滑道，由此可推知GreenCircle對(duì)于初學(xué)者是最正確選擇。應(yīng)選D。BWhenafirebrokeoutinmyhomeinthemiddleofthenight,IknewI'ddoanythingIcouldtosavemyfamily.ThemedicinethatItakeformyrheumatoidarthritiscausesmetowakeupinthemiddleofthenightwithadrymouth.January15,2021,wasnodifferent.I,Indiana,US,awokeat2:30amneedingwater.IwaswalkingbackupstairsfromthekitchenwhenIheardmybulldog,Rock.WhateverRockwasdoingdownthere,itmadeenoughnoiseformetogotohim.BythetimeImadeittothebottomofthestairs,hewasrunningup,andhenevercameupthestairs,nomatterwhat.Ithinkthatwashiswayoftellingme,"We'vegottogobackup."WhenIgottothetopofthestairs,Iturnedaroundandsawalighton,butIdidn'trememberleavingoneon.Iwalkeddownstairsagain,andthat'swhenIsawfire.Iimmediatelyshoutedtomywifetowakeupandgetourthreekids.Igrabbedaknifeandcutouttheplasticthatcoveredthewindowtotheporchroof.Ithenpriedopenthewindowandkickedoutthescreen.Istartedscreamingforhelp.Buthelpnevercame.Igoteverybodyoutontheroofandthrewablanketouttheresowewouldn'tslipoff.Itwascold,Januarycold.ThenIstartedscreamingforhelp.Buthelpnevercame.Now,I'mscaredofheightsandhavephysicalissues,whatwithmyrheumatoidarthritis,butIcouldn'tletmyfamilyburnup.SoIjumpedofftheroof.Ididn'tscoottotheedge;IjustjumpedandgotthewindknockedoutofmewhenIlanded.Ifoundourladder,placeditagainstthehouse,andclimbedbackuptotheroof.Iwrappedmyarmsaroundmydaughterandcarriedmynine-month-oldwithmyteeth,byhislittlesleeper.ThenIclimbeddowntheladder.Onceontheground,Ihadmylittlegirlholdherbrother,andIwentbackuptotherooftogetmyotherdaughter.ThenIwentbackupagainandgotmywife.Itriedtogetmydog,buthejustdisappearedintheblacksmoke.Ineversawhimaliveagain,I'mnohero.I'mjustanordinarypersonwho'dhelpanybody.ThishappenedtobethetimewhenIhelpedmyownfamily.Ilivetoprotectmyfamily.JustlikeRock—helivedtoprotectus.24.Whatmadetheauthorwakeupat2:30am?A.Mydog'sbarking B.Themedicine'seffectC.Aburningfire D.Anoisedownstairs25.HowdidRocktelltheauthorthedangerdownstairs?A.Heturnedonalightdownstairs.B.Herantotheauthor'sroomupstairs.C.Hekeptbarkingandrunninguptostairs.D.Hemadesomenoiseatthebottomofthestairs.26.Whatdidtheauthordoafterhisfamilyallstoodontheroof?A.Heplacedablankettokeepwarm.B.Hestartedscreamingforhelp.C.Hejumpedofftheroof.D.Hebrokeopenthewindowandkickedoutthescreen27.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribetheauthor?A.Courageousandresponsible B.CaringandselfishC.Loyalandbrave D.Strongandconsiderate【答案】24.B25.C26.B27.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者在半夜發(fā)生的火災(zāi)中營(yíng)救和保護(hù)家人的經(jīng)過?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ThemedicinethatItakeformyrheumatoidarthritiscausesmetowakeupinthemiddleofthenightwithadrymouth.January15,2021,wasnodifferent.I,Indiana,US,awokeat2:30amneedingwater.〔我服用的治療類風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎的藥物使我在半夜醒來時(shí)口干舌燥。2016年1月15日【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Rockwasdoingdownthere,itmadeenoughnoiseformetogotohim.BythetimeImadeittothebottomofthestairs,hewasrunningup,andhenevercameupthestairs,nomatterwhat.〔Rock在下面，吵得讓我不得不去找他。當(dāng)我爬到樓梯下面的時(shí)候，他正在往上跑，之前不管發(fā)生什么，他從來沒有上過樓梯?！敞暱芍琑ock通過不停地叫，并且跑到樓梯上來引起作者的注意，告知作者發(fā)生的危險(xiǎn)。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Igoteverybodyoutontheroofandthrewablanketouttheresowewouldn'tslipoff.Itwascold,Januarycold.ThenIstartedscreamingforhelp.Buthelpnevercame.〔我把所有人都弄到屋頂上，扔了一條毯子在外面，這樣我們就不會(huì)滑倒了。天氣很冷，一月很冷。然后我開始尖叫求救。但一直沒有人來幫助?！敞暱芍?，作者把所有家人都弄到屋頂上之后開始大喊求助。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Now,I'mscaredofheightsandhavephysicalissues,whatwithmyrheumatoidarthritis,butIcouldn'tletmyfamilyburnup.SoIjumpedofftheroof.〔現(xiàn)在，我有恐高癥和身體問題——類風(fēng)濕關(guān)節(jié)炎，但我不能讓我的家人被燒傷。所以我從屋頂跳下來。〕〞和最后一段“I'mnohero.I'mjustanordinarypersonwho'dhelpanybody.ThishappenedtobethetimewhenIhelpedmyownfamily.Ilivetoprotectmyfamily.JustlikeRock—helivedtoprotectus.〔我不是英雄。我只是一個(gè)愿意幫助任何人的普通人。這是我?guī)椭约杭胰说臅r(shí)候。我活著是為了保護(hù)我的家人。就像Rock一樣他活著是為了保護(hù)我們。〕〞可知，作者有恐高癥和身體問題，可是為了救自己的家人，他還是愿意從屋頂跳下來，他愿意負(fù)起保護(hù)家人的責(zé)任，所以可以推斷他是個(gè)有勇氣和負(fù)責(zé)任的人。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。CThereisnosuchthingasa“safe"levelofdrinking,withincreasedconsumptionofalcoholassociatedwithpoorerbrainhealth,accordingtoanewstudy.Inanobservationalstudy,whichhasnotyetbeenpeer-reviewed,researchersfromtheUniversityofOxfordstudiedtherelationshipbetweentheself-reportedalcoholintakeofsome25,000peopleintheUK,andtheirbrainscans.Theresearchersnotedthatdrinkinghadaneffectonthebrain'sgraymatter-regionsinthebrainthatmakeup"importantbitswhereinformationisprocessed,"accordingtoleadauthorAnyaTopiwala,aseniorclinicalresearcheratOxford.“Themorepeopledrank,thelessthevolumeoftheirgraymatter,“Topiwalasaidviaemail."Brainvolumereduceswithageandmoreseverelywithdementia(癡呆癥).Smallerbrainvolumealsopredictsworseperformanceonmemorytesting,“sheexplained."Whilealcoholonlymadeasmallcontributiontothis(0.8%),itwasagreatercontributionthanother"modifiable"riskfactors,"shesaid,explainingthatmodifiableriskfactorsare“onesyoucandosomethingabout,incontrasttoaging.〞Theteamalsoinvestigatedwhethercertaindrinkingpatterns,beveragetypesandotherhealthconditionsmadeadifferencetotheimpactofalcoholonbrainhealth.Theyfoundthattherewasno"safe"levelofdrinking-meaningthatconsuminganyamountofalcoholwasworsethannotdrinkingit.Theyalsofoundnoevidencethatthetypeofdrink—suchaswine,spiritsorbeer—affectedtheharmdonetothebrain.However,certaincharacteristics,suchashighbloodpressure,obesityorbinge-drinking,couldputpeopleathigherrisk,researchersadded.Therisksofalcoholhavelongbeenknown：Previousstudieshavefoundthatthere'snoamountofliquor,wineorbeerthatissafeforyouroverallhealth.Alcoholwastheleadingriskfactorfordiseaseandprematuredeathinmenandwomenbetweentheagesof15and49worldwidein2021,accountingfornearlyonein10deaths,accordingtoastudypublishedinTheLancetin2021.“Ithasbeenknownfordecadesthatheavydrinkingisbadforbrainhealth,"SadieBoniface,headofresearchattheUK'sInstituteofAlcoholStudies,saidviaemail."Wealsoshouldn'tforgetalcoholaffectsallpartsofthebodyandtherearemultiplehealthrisks.〞28.Whatisthefunctionofgraymatter?A.Controlthemountofalcohol B.ProcessinformationC.Scanthebrain D.Predicttheperformanceonmemory29.WhichisNOTtrueinthefollowingstatementsaccordingtothestudy?A.Drinkingalcoholisworsethannotdrinking.B.Withpeoplegettingolder,brainvolumereduces.C.Alcoholwasthemajorriskfactorfordiseaseandprematuredeath.D.Thelesspeopledrinkalcohol,themorethevolumeoftheirgraymatter.30.Whichisoneofthe"modifiable"riskfactors?A.Smoking B.Aging C.Death D.Disease31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Themountofalcoholisnotrelatedtopeople'shealth.B.Peopledrinkingalcoholdoharmtotheirbrainhealth.C.Peopledrinkingalcoholleadtodementia.D.Theresagreatdealofliquor,wineorbeerthatissafeforhealth.【答案】28.B29.D30.A31.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述新的研究說明，無論你喝的是什么酒，無論喝多喝少，都會(huì)對(duì)大腦造成危害。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theresearchersnotedthatdrinkinghadaneffectonthebrain'sgraymatter-regionsinthebrainthatmakeup"importantbitswhereinformationisprocessed".(研究人員指出，飲酒對(duì)大腦中的灰質(zhì)區(qū)域有影響，這些區(qū)域構(gòu)成了“處理信息的重要部位〞。)〞可知，大腦灰質(zhì)區(qū)域的功能是處理信息。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Themorepeopledrank,thelessthevolumeoftheirgraymatter.(喝得越多，灰質(zhì)的體積就越小。)〞可知，喝酒越多，灰質(zhì)的體積就越小。但文章并沒有證據(jù)說明D項(xiàng)所描述的“Thelesspeopledrinkalcohol,themorethevolumeoftheirgraymatter.(喝酒越少，大腦灰質(zhì)的體積就越大。)〞，所以不能就此推出喝酒越少，大腦灰質(zhì)的體積就越大。所以D項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤。應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“"Whilealcoholonlymadeasmallcontributiontothis(0.8%),itwasagreatercontributionthanother"modifiable"riskfactors,"shesaid,explainingthatmodifiableriskfactorsare“onesyoucandosomethingabout,incontrasttoaging.〞(她說：“雖然酒精對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象的影響很小，但它比其他可調(diào)節(jié)的‘風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素’的影響更大。〞她解釋說，可改變的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素是你可以做些什么，而不是衰老。〞)〞可知，“可調(diào)節(jié)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素〞指的是可控的因素，是相對(duì)于不可控的衰老而言。A.Smoking吸煙；B.Aging衰老；C.Death死亡；D.Disease疾病。所以只有A項(xiàng)“吸煙〞是人能控制的因素，其他三項(xiàng)都是不可控因素。應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Thereisnosuchthingasa“safe"levelofdrinking,withincreasedconsumptionofalcoholassociatedwithpoorerbrainhealth,accordingtoanewstudy.(一項(xiàng)新的研究說明，沒有所謂的“平安〞飲酒水平，飲酒量的增加與大腦健康狀況的惡化有關(guān)。)〞以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，無論你喝的是什么酒，無論喝多喝少，都會(huì)對(duì)大腦造成危害。B項(xiàng)“Peopledrinkingalcoholdoharmtotheirbrainhealth.(喝酒對(duì)大腦健康有害。)〞概括文章主旨。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。DNostalgia(懷舊)hasbecomeincreasinglycommoninourcurrentclimateofaccelerated,unexpectedchange.MoreandmoreAmericansareturningbackwithlongingtowhatfeelslikesimpler,sweetertimes.Theycollectcassettetapes,manualtypewritersevendecades-oldvideogames.Isitamistaketogettooobsessedwiththepast?Somepsychologistswarnthattoomuchdevotiontotheso-calledgoodolddaysisanescapefromreality;itcanindicatelonelinessorthatapersonishavingadifficulttimecopinginthepresent.PsychologistStephanieCoontzarguesthatnostalgiadistractsusfromaddressingtheproblemsofmodernlifeandcontributetoanxiety,depression,insomniaetc.Butnewstudiessuggestthatamodestdoseofnostalgiaisnotonlyharmless,butactuallybeneficial.Theysuggestithelpsstrengthenoursenseofidentityandmakesusfeelmoreoptimisticandinspired.Itisalsoatoolforself—discoveryandmemoriesareapsychologicalimmuneresponsethatistriggeredwhenyouwanttotakeabreakfromnegativity.Interestingly,thosehappymemoriescanbeparticularlybeneficialbothtokidsintheirteensandtosociety'selders.Recallingourchildhoodremindsusof“thetimeswhenwewereacceptedandlovedunconditionally,"saysKrystineBatcho,apsychologist."Thatissuchapowerfullycomfortingphenomenon,knowingthattherewasatimeinlifewhenwedidn'thavetoearnourlove."Nostalgiacantransformeventhemostordinarypastintolegendswhichwarmstheheartandthebody.Let'snotforgetthatnostalgiahasbeenasourceofinspirationtoinnumerableAmericanwriters.MarkTwainrecalledhisboyhood,writing,"afteralltheseyears,Icanpicturethatoldtimetomyselfnow,justasitwasthen：Thewhitetowndrowsinginthesunshineofasummer'smorning."Sogoahead,daydreamalittleaboutyourbestchildhoodfriend,yourfirstcar,along-gonefamilypct.AsDr.Sedikidessays，"Nostalgiaisabsolutelycentraltohumanexperience."Butatthesametime,keepthesewordsofwisdomfromthegreatinventorCharlesKetteringinmindaswell："Youcan'thaveabettertomorrowifyouarethinkingaboutyesterdayallthetime."32.Whatdidsomepsychologistsinparagraph2probablyagree?A.Nostalgiawillcausesomementalproblems.B.Nostalgiamakesusdevotedtothegoodolddays.C.Nostalgiashowsyouaretryingtogetridofloneliness.D.Nostalgiahelpsuscopewiththedifficulttimewearegoingthrough.33.Therearemanybenefitsofnostalgiaexcept________A.Itcanenableustoknowourselvesbetter.B.Itcanbringussomecomfortwhenwerecall.C.Wearelikelytogainattentionifwerecallthehappychildhood.D.Wecansometimesbreakawayfromnegativitywithhappymemories.34.Whatwillbetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.Thebadinfluenceoftoomuchdevotiontonostalgia.B.Thereasonswhyweshouldavoidnostalgia.C.Thebadmemoriesthatalwaysstickaroundyou.D.Thegreatchangesnostalgiawillbringtoyou.35.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Weallhaveasoftspotfornostalgia.B.Nostalgiaisactuallygoodforyou.C.Don'tbecarriedawaybynostalgia.D.Therearemanytimeswhenweliketorecall.【答案】32.A33.C34.A35.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文，介紹了懷舊的好處?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Somepsychologistswarnthattoomuchdevotiontotheso-calledgoodolddaysisanescapefromreality;itcanindicatelonelinessorthatapersonishavingadifficulttimecopinginthepresent.PsychologistStephanieCoontzarguesthatnostalgiadistractsusfromaddressingtheproblemsofmodernlifeandcontributetoanxiety,depression,insomniaetc.〞(一些心理學(xué)家警告說，對(duì)所謂美好的過去過于投入是對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的逃避；它可以表示孤獨(dú)，也可以表示一個(gè)人現(xiàn)在很難應(yīng)付。心理學(xué)家StephanieCoontz認(rèn)為，懷舊會(huì)分散我們對(duì)現(xiàn)代生活問題的關(guān)注，導(dǎo)致焦慮、抑郁、失眠等。)可知，第二段中的一些心理學(xué)家可能同意懷舊會(huì)導(dǎo)致一些心理問題的說法。應(yīng)選A。【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句“Itisalsoatoolforself—discoveryandmemoriesareapsychologicalimmuneresponsethatistriggeredwhenyouwanttotakeabreakfromnegativity.〞(它也是一種自我發(fā)現(xiàn)的工具，記憶是一種心理免疫反響，當(dāng)你想從消極中解脫出來時(shí)，它就會(huì)被觸發(fā)。)可知，懷舊是一種自我發(fā)現(xiàn)，自我了解的工具，并且我們可以用快樂的回憶來擺脫消極。因此選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)D是懷舊的好處。根據(jù)第三段第七句“Nostalgiacantransformeventhemostordinarypastintolegendswhichwarmstheheartandthebody.〞(懷舊可以把最平凡的過去變成傳奇，溫暖人心和身體。)可知，當(dāng)我們回憶時(shí)，它可以給我們帶來一些撫慰，所以選項(xiàng)B是懷舊的好處。選項(xiàng)C〔如果我們回憶起快樂的童年，我們很可能會(huì)引起注意〕在文中沒有提及。應(yīng)選C。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Youcan'thaveabettertomorrowifyouarethinkingaboutyesterdayallthetime.〞(如果你總是想著昨天，就不會(huì)有一個(gè)更好的明天。)可知，下面一段將會(huì)討論過分沉溺于懷舊的不良影響。應(yīng)選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Butnewstudiessuggestthatamodestdoseofnostalgiaisnotonlyharmless,butactuallybeneficial.〞(但新的研究說明，適度的懷舊不僅無害，而且實(shí)際上是有益的。)可知，文章主要是講懷舊的好處。應(yīng)選B。第二節(jié)〔共5小題;每題2.5分，總分值12.5分〕閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Manypeoplewanttobefamousandlivethelifeofacelebrity.Thesingingcompetitionisjustoneoutofhundredsthatpeoplehopetomakeasuccessofthemselves.____36____.Tip1:RealizeyourdreamsbyvisualizingthemfirstYoushouldhaveaclearvisionofwhatyou'dliketoachieve.____37____.Ifyoucanclearlyholdapictureofsuccessinyourmind,yoursubconsciouscanbringittopass.Inthebest-sellingbookThePowerofYourSubconsciousMind,authorJosephMurphysaid,"IfIactasthoughIam…Iwillbe.Tip2:AnalyzeyourcareermotivationsByunderstandingyourtruemotivations,you'llstandfirmaboutwhatyouare,willingtogiveupinordertosucceed.____38____.Withoutthislevelofself-awareness,youcaneasilygoastrayinthisbusiness.Astheysay,ifyoudon'tstandforsomething，youcaneasilyfallforeverything.Tips3:____39____.Expecttobeknockeddown,butlearnhowtogetupquicklyandseethelessonineverynegativeexperience.Realizeyoucan'tcontroleverythingthathappensinthiscrazybusiness,butyoucandefinitelycontrolyourattitude.Youmustfocusonthepositive.Tosurviveinthebiz.youmustbepreparedtofightforward.Tip4:Adapttochangebydiversifyingyourselfnow____40____Howtrue!Itreallydocspaytobroadenyourcareeropportunitiestoincreaseyourearningpotentialand“stayingpower"inthemusicbusiness.A.ExpecttheworsttohappenB.Everycareerrequiresqualificationsandspecialtraining.C.Youmustsee,feelandbelieveinthepotentialoutcome.D.You'llalsowillinglyaccepttheconsequencesofyouractions.E.RememberthatfindingyourpassionisablessingwithinitselfF.Ifyouaredeterminedtopursueacareerinthemusicindustry,youcanreadthesetips.G.ItwasCharlesDarwinwhooncesaid,“Itisnotthestrongestofspeciesthattendtosurvive:Itisthosethataremostadaptabletochange."【答案】36.F37.C38.D39.A40.G【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文，對(duì)想要從事音樂事業(yè)的人提出了四點(diǎn)建議。【36題詳解】根據(jù)下文四點(diǎn)建議和F選項(xiàng)中的tip可以看出F項(xiàng)“Ifyouaredeterminedtopursueacareerinthemusicindustry,youcanreadthesetips.〔如果你下定決心要在音樂行業(yè)開展，你可以閱讀這些建議〕〞。下文的tips1-4與F項(xiàng)中的“tips建議〞相照應(yīng)。應(yīng)選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)段落標(biāo)題“Tip1：Realizeyourdreamsbyvisualizingthemfirst〔技巧1:首先通過可視化來實(shí)現(xiàn)你的夢(mèng)想〕〞以及前文“Youshouldhaveaclearvisionofwhatyou'dliketoachieve〔你應(yīng)該對(duì)你想要實(shí)現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)有一個(gè)清晰的愿景〕說明了要有一個(gè)清晰的愿景，明確的方案。C項(xiàng)“Youmustsee,feelandbelieveinthepotentialoutcome.〔你必須看到、感覺到并相信潛在的結(jié)果〕〞對(duì)上文進(jìn)行具體說明。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，whatyou'dliketoachieve對(duì)應(yīng)outcome。應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Byunderstandingyourtruemotivations,you'llstandfirmaboutwhatyo