河北省邯鄲市2023-2024學(xué)年高二第二(下)學(xué)期期末考試+英語試卷答案

邯鄲市2024高二第二學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1．答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C。1．HowmuchwillJennypay?A．￡30.B．￡60.C．￡90.2．Whattimeisthetrainleaving?A．At10:25.B．At10:35.C．At10:55.3．Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A．Ataxidriver.B．Arestaurantwaiter.C．Atrafficpoliceman.4．Howlongcanthemankeepthebooks?A．Foroneweek.B．Fortwoweeks.C．Forthreeweeks.5．Wheredidthemanspendhisholiday?A．InSpain.B．InMexico.C．InFrance.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Howdoesthewomanfindherlasthaircut?A．Unsatisfactory.B．Fashionable.C．Scary.7．WhatdoesthemansayaboutDon?A．Hewascareful.B．Hewasagreenhand.C．Hehadnosenseoftime.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．WhatdidthemandolastSaturday?A．Hesawaplay.B．Hestudiedalot.C．Hewentcamping.9．Whydopeoplejoin“FlashPlay”?A．Toearnmoney.B．Tomakefriends.C．Toexperiencelivingalone.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．Whathappenedtothewoman?A．Shecaughtaflu.B．Shehurtherhead.C．Shegotastomachache.11．Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A．Tomakeanappointment.B．Tocancelanappointment.C．Toputoffanappointment.12．Whatisthewoman’sattitudetothecharge?A．Critical.B．Acceptable.C．Intolerant.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13．Whatcourseisthemangoingtotake?A．Chinese.B．Japanese.C．French.14．Howoftenwillthemanattendthecourse?A．Onenightaweek.B．Twonightsaweek.C．Threenightsaweek.15．Whatlevelwouldthemanliketotake?A．Theupperlevel.B．Thelowerlevel.C．Thebeginners’level.16．Whenwillthemanbegintotakethecourse?A．InJanuary.B．InMarch.C．InSeptember.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Wheredojawfishesgettheirname?A．Fromtheirhead.B．Fromtheircolor.C．Fromtheirsize.18．Whatdoweknowaboutjawfishes?A．Theylikeplayingatrick.B．They’refriendlytovisitors.C．They’repopularwithvisitors.19．Whydoesthespeakerfindmudskippersamazing?A．Theycanlivebothonlandandinwater.B．Theyfeedonplantsandanimalsinwater.C．Theyareabletosurvivehightemperature.20．Whatarethelistenersgoingtodonext?A．Drawthecreatures.B．Asksomequestions.C．Watchanothercreature.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ANowadays,ruraltourismwithcolorfulwaysofhavingfunisfavoredbymoreandmorepeopleinChina,whichnotonlymeetstheirdifferentconsumptiondemands,butalsoputsnewenergyintoruraldevelopment.Herearesomerepresentativecasesofhowcultureandtourismhelpboostthedevelopmentofnewcountryside.ThefirstcaseInShibadongVillageofXiangxiTujiaandMiaoAutonomousPrefecture,HunanProvince,thehistoricalproductsmadebyhandarewelldisplayed.Theseproductsincludemanyitems,suchasclothing,fans,bagsandsoon,whichattractalargenumberoftouriststocometoappreciatethebeautyoftheart.ThesecondcaseThecoloredribbonsare“l(fā)iving”culturalrelicsandthemostdistinctiveartworksoftheSheethnicgroup,madebyhanD．ZhongXingxiu,whoisgoodatweavingthecolouredribbons,everwonanawardforbeingamasterinZhejiangProvince.Intheprocessofweavingtheribbonproducts,Zhongkeepsfocusingonherworkbasedoninheritanceandinnovationaswell.ThethirdcaseWangheTown,AnhuiProvince,isknownasthe“HometownofShuMats(舒席)”duetothelargequantityofwaterbamboosthatenjoywarmandwetenvironmentinthearea.Thesoftandthinmatsarepopularbecausetheyaretoughandhard-wearing.Andtheancientcraft,inrecentyears,hasregaineditsshinewiththehelpofthelocalgovernment.ThefourthcaseAfterafallofspringrain,aniconicteagarden,locatedinthemountainsofZoumaTown,HubeiProvince,attractsmanytouriststopayavisit.Withthelightmistandgentlewinds,theteamountainslooklikeamysterioustea-pickinggirlsoftlywavinginthegreensea,presentingabeautifulpictureoftheteacountryside.1.Whatdotheproductsofthefirsttwocaseshaveincommon?A.Theyaremoderndesigns. B.Theyareknownfortheircolors.C.Theyaretraditionalhandmadeartworks. D.TheyarethemostdistinctiveinHunanProvince.2.WhatareShumatsfromWangheTownpopularfor?A.Theirrarematerials. B.Theirsizeandshape.C.Theirsoftnessandthickness. D.Theirtoughnessandwearresistance.3.Whodoesthefourthcaseattractmost?A.Anaturelover. B.Adigitalartist.C.Anurbanarchitect. D.Anancienthistorian.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了文化和旅游促進(jìn)新農(nóng)村發(fā)展的一些代表性案例?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Thefirstcase部分中“InShibadongVillageofXiangxiTujiaandMiaoAutonomousPrefecture,HunanProvince,thehistoricalproductsmadebyhandarewelldisplayed.(在湖南省湘西土家族苗族自治州十八洞村，手工制作的歷史產(chǎn)品陳列得很好)”和Thesecondcase部分中“Thecoloredribbonsare‘living’culturalrelicsandthemostdistinctiveartworksoftheSheethnicgroup,madebyhand.(彩帶是畬族‘活的’文物，是畬族最具特色的手工藝術(shù)品)”可知，前兩個(gè)案例中的產(chǎn)品都是傳統(tǒng)的手工藝術(shù)品。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Thethirdcase部分中“WangheTown,AnhuiProvince,isknownasthe‘HometownofShuMats(舒席)’duetothelargequantityofwaterbamboosthatenjoywarmandwetenvironmentinthearea.Thesoftandthinmatsarepopularbecausetheyaretoughandhard-wearing.(安徽省王河鎮(zhèn)因其豐富的水竹資源而被譽(yù)為‘舒席之鄉(xiāng)’，當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境溫暖濕潤。這種又軟又薄的墊子很受歡迎，因?yàn)樗鼈兒芙Y(jié)實(shí)，耐磨)”可知，王河鎮(zhèn)的舒席因結(jié)實(shí)、耐磨而受歡迎，故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Afterafallofspringrain,aniconicteagarden,locatedinthemountainsofZoumaTown,HubeiProvince,attractsmanytouriststopayavisit.Withthelightmistandgentlewinds,theteamountainslooklikeamysterioustea-pickinggirlsoftlywavinginthegreensea,presentingabeautifulpictureoftheteacountryside.(一場春雨過后，坐落在湖北省走馬鎮(zhèn)山間的標(biāo)志性茶園吸引了眾多游客前來參觀。薄霧和風(fēng)，茶山像一位神秘的采茶少女，在碧綠的大海中輕輕搖曳，呈現(xiàn)出一幅美麗的茶鄉(xiāng)畫卷)”可知，第四個(gè)案例描繪的是鄉(xiāng)村自然風(fēng)光，最能吸引自然愛好者，故選A。BForsomefolks,hikingisanactivitydoneforacoupleofmilesatatime.Butforothers,itisalifestyle.ThosewhohikethePacificCrestTrail（PCT）fallintothelatter.ThePCTis2,650miles.Alongtheway,hikerswalkthroughthedesert,upmountainsandthencrosssevennationalparks.Itisatoughjourneywithalowcompletionrate.Just14%ofallhikersattemptinga“thru-hike”havesucceededinfinishingthePCT.Thehike’sreputationiswhatmakesPa’at’scompletionofthejourneymoreextraordinary.ThehikerknownasPa’at,anoldman,finishedthelastbitofthePCTwithtwoyoungerhikers,AutiandChris.TheycelebratedPa’at’ssuccessviaanonlinepost.Theywrote,“Notmanypeoplecansaythey’vefinishedsuchanamazingfeat,especiallynotat71!”Pa’atapproachedthetrail-endmarkerandtouchedit,amazedthathehadmadeittotheend.Hesaid,“IknowthereweredifferenttroublesthatIneededtoovercome,butIhadconfidenceinmyselfbeforeIsetoff.”Andthenhesang,“I’vebeenwaiting...suchalongtime.Walkingsuchalongway.Suchalongway...justtobehere.”ForanyonewhohaseverdreamedofhikingthePCT,Pa’at’sfeatisproofthattheyaren’ttoolate.“I’vewantedtowalkthistrailforalongtime,”someonepostedonline,“butnowIknowevenifIdon’tgetitinmytwentiesorthirties,Icanstilltryagain.Ofcourse,IcanchallengewhatIlackedcouragetodointhepast.”AutiandChrismetPa’atafewdaysbeforefinishing.Theysaid,“Pa’atisoneofthosepeopleyouinstantlyfeellikeyou’veknownalifetime.Hehasaheartofgold,thekindestsoul,andunmatchedoptimismandcourage.Weboththankhimforbeingsuchaninspirationtous.”4.Howdoestheauthorbeginthetext?A.Byquotingasaying. B.Bygivinganexample.C.Bymakinganassumption. D.Bydrawingacomparison.5WhichwordcanbestdescribePa’at’sfinishingthePCT?A.Expected. B.Effortless. C.Troublesome. D.Unbelievable.6.Whatcanweconcludefromparagraph4?A.Historyisaguide. B.Ageisjustanumber.C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess. D.Timeisathiefthatneverleavesempty-handed.7.WhatkindofroleisPa’atintheeyesofAutiandChris?A.Abeginner. B.Astranger. C.Anexample. D.Anopponent.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述71歲的Pa’at完成太平洋山脊步道的勵(lì)志故事?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Forsomefolks,hikingisanactivitydoneforacoupleofmilesatatime.Butforothers,itisalifestyle.(對一些人來說，徒步旅行是一項(xiàng)一次走幾英里的活動(dòng)。但對其他人來說，這是一種生活方式)”可知，作者是通過對比開始本文的，故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Itisatoughjourneywithalowcompletionrate.Just14%ofallhikersattemptinga‘thru-hike’havesucceededinfinishingthePCT.(這是一段艱難的旅程，完成率很低。在所有嘗試‘穿越徒步’的徒步旅行者中，只有14%的人成功地完成了PCT)”和第二段中“Thehike’sreputationiswhatmakesPa’at’scompletionofthejourneymoreextraordinary.(這個(gè)徒步旅行的名聲使Pa’at完成了這次旅行，這更加不同尋常)”以及“Notmanypeoplecansaythey’vefinishedsuchanamazingfeat,especiallynotat71!(沒有多少人能說他們完成了如此驚人的壯舉，尤其是在71歲的時(shí)候)”可知，PCT很難完成，71歲的Pa’at成功完成PCT令人難以置信。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“ForanyonewhohaseverdreamedofhikingthePCT,Pa’at’sfeatisproofthattheyaren’ttoolate.‘I’vewantedtowalkthistrailforalongtime,’someonepostedonline,‘butnowIknowevenifIdon’tgetitinmytwentiesorthirties,Icanstilltryagain.Ofcourse,IcanchallengewhatIlackedcouragetodointhepast.’(對于任何曾經(jīng)夢想徒步攀登PCT的人來說，Pa’at的壯舉證明他們還不算太晚?！蚁胱哌@條路很久了，’有人在網(wǎng)上發(fā)帖說，‘但現(xiàn)在我知道，即使我在二三十歲的時(shí)候走不動(dòng)，我仍然可以再試一次。當(dāng)然，我可以挑戰(zhàn)我過去沒有勇氣去做的事情?！?”可知，71歲的Pa’at壯舉啟示人們追尋自己的夢想什么時(shí)候都不晚，即年齡只是一個(gè)數(shù)字，故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Weboththankhimforbeingsuchaninspirationtous.(我們都感謝他對我們的激勵(lì))”可知，Auti和Chris認(rèn)為Pa’at激勵(lì)了他們，故在他們眼中，Pa’at是榜樣的角色，故選C。CArecentstudyinthejournalCurrentBiologyfoundthatpeopledanced12%morewhenverylowfrequencybass(低音)wasplayed.Scientistswantedtoseewhatfactorsofmusicmakeuswanttodance.“Welookatthingslikewhatkindsofrhythmsmakeusreallydrawninandwanttomovemore,”saidDanielCameron,aneuroscientistandtheleadauthorofthestudy.Volunteerswereledintoalabthatwaschangedintoanelectronicdancemusicconcert,withlivemusicperformedforthem,whowereequippedwithheadbandsthathadamotioncapturesensor.Thelabhadspecialspeakersthatcouldplayaverylowfrequencybass,undetectabletothehumanear.Thesetlastedaboutanhour.Researchersintroducedtheverylowbassevery2.5minutesandfoundthattheconcertgoersmovedmorewhenthespeakerswereon—eventhoughtheycouldn’thearit.Cameronthinksthatourvestibular(前庭的)systemcanhelpexplainthereason.“It’stheinner-earstructuresthatgiveusasenseofwhereourheadisinspace,”hesays.“Thatsystemissensitivetolow-frequencystimulation,especiallyifit’sloud.”Somepeoplehearmusicandcan’thelpbutmove,whethertherearelow,silentbassfrequenciesornot.Sowhydohumansdance?“It’shardtotestthis,buttherehasbeensomeworkonwhywemayhaveevolvedthisway.Weknowthatmovingtogetherinsynchrony(同步)whenwe’remakingmusictogetheranddancingtogetherleadstosocialbonding.Wefeelbetteraboutthepeoplewe’rewith.Wefeelmoreconnectedwiththem,”Cameronsays.“Soyoucanimaginethishaspotentialadvantagesforgroupsthroughoutthelonghistoryofourspecies.”Evolutionaside,Cameronfindsvalueinknowinghisstudyhasuncoveredjustoneoftheingredientsforwhatmakesuswanttodancealittlebitmore.8.WhatdoesCameron’sresearchfocuson?A.Thepopularityofdancingamongpeople. B.Theevolutionaryreasonswhyhumansdance.C.Themusicalelementsthatencouragedancing. D.Thelittleeffectoflowfrequencybassondancers.9.Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearchsetupdescribedinparagraph2?A.Lowfrequencybasswasplayedregularly. B.Participantstrackedtheirownmovements.C.Thedancemusicwasperformedinaliveconcert. D.Thehumanspeakersperformedforanentirehour.10.WhymighthumanshaveevolvedtodanceaccordingtoCameron?A.Toinspireimagination. B.Topromotecommunication.C.Tocreateworkopportunities. D.Tostimulatethebody’spotential.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheScienceofDance B.TheBenefitBehindDancingC.TheRoleofRhythmsinMusic D.TheEvolutionoftheMusicalSystem【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于人們?yōu)槭裁聪胩璧难芯??！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Scientistswantedtoseewhatfactorsofmusicmakeuswanttodance.‘Welookatthingslikewhatkindsofrhythmsmakeusreallydrawninandwanttomovemore,’saidDanielCameron,aneuroscientistandtheleadauthorofthestudy.(科學(xué)家們想知道是什么音樂因素讓我們想跳舞。該研究的主要作者、神經(jīng)學(xué)家DanielCameron說：‘我們研究的是什么樣的節(jié)奏能讓我們真正被吸引，想要?jiǎng)拥酶?。?”可知，Cameron的研究主要關(guān)注讓人們想跳舞的因素。故選C。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Researchersintroducedtheverylowbassevery2.5minutesandfoundthattheconcertgoersmovedmorewhenthespeakerswereon—eventhoughtheycouldn’thearit.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，每隔2.5分鐘播放一次極低的低音，當(dāng)揚(yáng)聲器打開時(shí)，音樂會觀眾的動(dòng)作會更多——即使他們聽不到)”可知，研究設(shè)置了定期播放低音。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Weknowthatmovingtogetherinsynchrony(同步)whenwe’remakingmusictogetheranddancingtogetherleadstosocialbonding.Wefeelbetteraboutthepeoplewe’rewith.Wefeelmoreconnectedwiththem(我們知道，當(dāng)我們一起創(chuàng)作音樂和跳舞時(shí)，一起同步移動(dòng)會產(chǎn)生社會聯(lián)系。我們對和我們在一起的人感覺更好。我們覺得和他們更親近了)”可知，按照Cameron的說法，人類跳舞是為了促進(jìn)交流。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“Scientistswantedtoseewhatfactorsofmusicmakeuswanttodance.(科學(xué)家們想知道是什么音樂因素讓我們想跳舞)”和最后一段“Evolutionaside,Cameronfindsvalueinknowinghisstudyhasuncoveredjustoneoftheingredientsforwhatmakesuswanttodancealittlebitmore.(撇開進(jìn)化不談，Cameron認(rèn)為，他的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了讓我們更想跳舞的一個(gè)因素，這一點(diǎn)很有價(jià)值)”可知，文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于人們?yōu)槭裁聪胩璧难芯?。由此可知，A項(xiàng)“跳舞的科學(xué)”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。DIn2021,awildfirebloomedintheSonoranDesertinsouthwesternArizona.ByJune7,windshadblownthewildfireeast-northeastintothePinalMountains,intheTonto’ssouthernreaches.Thefirerosequickly,climbingovercliffs(懸崖)andsweepingacrossvastjungles.Whenthefirehitthetopsofmountainswithpineforests,itconsumedthemaswell.TheTelegraphFire,asit’snowcalled,grewveryintense,creatingitsownwindasitsheatrose,pullingairinfromtheedges.Onthefifthday,thefirenearedthecityofGlobe.Bythen,ithadalreadydestroyedalargeareaofGlobe,makingitoneofthemostpowerfulwildfiresinArizona’shistory,spanningapproximately700squarekilometersofland.ButthefirewouldnotswallowGlobe.Instead,onaridge,theTelegraphFireencounteredaprotectivebulwark,remainsofapreviousgreatfire.AccordingtoecologistKitO’Connor,theTelegraphFireshiftedfromapowerfulfire,whichwaskillingroughly60%to70%ofthetreesitencountered,toaslow-movinggroundfirethatonlykilledabout1%ofthetreesitcameacross.“Ultimately,thefirestoppedapproximatelyakilometerawayfromaresidentialareaontheoutskirtsofGlobe,”saidLata,awildfiremanagementexpert.ShenotesthatwithoutthePinalFire,theTelegraphFirewouldhavelikelyspreadintothetownandthattheywouldhavenomeanstopreventit.ThedecisiontoallowthePinalFiretoburnwasguidedbyanewapproachtowildfiremanagementcalledpotentialoperationaldelineations(PODs).PODscategorizethelandscapeintozoneswherefirescanpotentiallybecontained.Thesezonesaredeterminedbeforethefireseasonbegins,usingacombinationofAIandlocalexpertise.APODsnetworkcanassistlandmanagersinidentifyingopportunitiestoexploitwildfiresthatlightundermanageableconditions.Thegoalisthat,ifsubsequentfiresbreakoutunderextremeconditions,therewillbefewerbushesavailabletofeedtheirgreatpower.12.Whatdoesparagraph1mainlydescribeaboutthewildfire?A.Itsextension. B.Itsorigin. C.Itsduration. D.Itsmanagement.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bulwark”inparagraph2referto?A.Awatersource. B.Adefensivewall.C.Atypeofvegetation. D.Afire-fightingtechnique.14.WhatisLata’sattitudetothePinalFire?A.Critical. B.Indifferent. C.Cautious. D.Supportive.15.WhatisthemainpurposeofPODsinwildfiremanagement?A.Topredictwildfireoccurrences. B.Toreducefuelforfuturewildfires.C.Tohelplandmanagersputoutwildfires. D.Tocreatelandscapesagainstpotentialwildfires.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要報(bào)道了2021年亞利桑那州索諾蘭沙漠的一次野火事件，這場大火迅速蔓延，威脅到格洛布城，但最終在一處之前大火的遺跡處停止，避免了更大的破壞。這一轉(zhuǎn)變得益于一種野火管理的新方法POD，這種方法利用人工智能和專業(yè)知識來規(guī)劃可能控制火災(zāi)的區(qū)域，以減少極端條件下火災(zāi)的破壞力。【12題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“In2021,awildfirebloomedintheSonoranDesertinsouthwesternArizona.ByJune7,windshadblownthewildfireeast-northeastintothePinalMountains,intheTonto’ssouthernreaches.Thefirerosequickly,climbingovercliffs(懸崖)andsweepingacrossvastjungles.Whenthefirehitthetopsofmountainswithpineforests,itconsumedthemaswell.(2021年，亞利桑那州西南部的索諾蘭沙漠爆發(fā)了一場野火。到6月7日，大風(fēng)將野火吹向東北偏東的皮納爾山脈，位于通托的南部地區(qū)?；饎菅杆俾?，越過懸崖，橫掃大片叢林。當(dāng)大火蔓延到松樹林的山頂時(shí)，松樹林也被燒毀)”可知，本段主要描述了這場野火蔓延的范圍非常大。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“ButthefirewouldnotswallowGlobe.Instead,onaridge,theTelegraphFireencountered(但大火不會吞噬格洛布。相反，在山脊上，“電報(bào)”火遇到了)”和下文“remainsofapreviousgreatfire(前一場大火的遺跡)”可知，由于“電報(bào)”火遇到了前一場大火的遺跡，它的火勢變小了，沒有吞噬格洛布城市地區(qū)，由此推知，這一遺跡起到了“防御”的作用，劃線詞意思應(yīng)該與Adefensivewall“防御墻”相近。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中““Ultimately,thefirestoppedapproximatelyakilometerawayfromaresidentialareaontheoutskirtsofGlobe,”saidLata,awildfiremanagementexpert.ShenotesthatwithoutthePinalFire,theTelegraphFirewouldhavelikelyspreadintothetownandthattheywouldhavenomeanstopreventit.(野火管理專家Lata說：“最終，大火在距離格洛布郊區(qū)一個(gè)居民區(qū)大約一公里的地方停止了?！彼赋?，如果沒有皮納爾大火，“電報(bào)”火很可能會蔓延到鎮(zhèn)上，而他們沒有辦法阻止它)”可知，Lata認(rèn)為皮納爾大火幫助人們抑制了“電報(bào)”火的蔓延。由此推知，她的態(tài)度是支持肯定的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thegoalisthat,ifsubsequentfiresbreakoutunderextremeconditions,therewillbefewerbushesavailabletofeedtheirgreatpower.(這樣做的目的是，如果在極端條件下發(fā)生后續(xù)火災(zāi)，可以提供巨大能量的灌木叢就會減少)”可知，野火管理中的這種方法的主要目的在于減少未來供野火燃燒的燃料。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Withbusyschedules,wecanoftenforgetaboutwaystostaysustainableoncampus.___16___So,herearesomeeasytipstobemoreeco-friendlyoncampus.___17___Wheneveryouheadtostoresorsupermarketsyouwillfindthattheysellreusablebags.Butyouarerecommendedtobringtheonesyoualreadyowninyourdorm,becauseitcanhelpreducetheamountofbagsaccumulatinginthecornerofyourdorm.Bringareusablewaterbottle.Ifyouaresomeonewholikestodrinkwaterwithyourmeal,considerbringingareusablewaterbottletothedininghalls.Allofthevendingmachinescome,equippedwithalittlesign.___18___However,theEarthsaysotherwisewithallofthosenon-biodegradableplasticcupsfillinglandfills.Takethestairsasmuchaspossible.Ifyoufindyourselfableto,takethestairstoyourclassroomanddorm.Notonlydoestakingthestairsallowforsomeminimalyetmightyexercise,butitalsoreducesenergyusefromtheelevator.___19___Turnoffthelightsintime.___20___Althoughyouwakeuptoolate,andyouareinarushtogettoyourclassintheearlymorning,don’tmindtakingthatextrasecondtopresstheswitch.Everytimeyouturnoffthelights,itmeanssomethingtotheEarth.A.Itsaysnottobringpersonalbottles.B.Useoneoftheeco-friendlybagsyouhave.C.Itisofgreatimportancetoconserveenergy.D.Purchasesomereusablebagswheneverpossible.E.Besides,wedon’tknowhowtoreduceourwasteinmanycases.F.Itallowsotherswhoneeditmoretogettotheirclassesontime.G.Thereusableglassbottlescanbeusedtoholdsomeplantsandflowers.【答案】16.E17.B18.A19.F20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了一些在校園里可以更加環(huán)保的建議?！?6題詳解】上文“Withbusyschedules,wecanoftenforgetaboutwaystostaysustainableoncampus.(由于日程繁忙，我們經(jīng)常會忘記如何在校園里保持可持續(xù)發(fā)展)”說明在校園里，我們經(jīng)常會忘記可持續(xù)發(fā)展，E項(xiàng)“此外，在許多情況下，我們不知道如何減少浪費(fèi)?！背薪由衔?，說明除此之外，我們也有很多情況不知道如何減少浪費(fèi)，并引出下文介紹保持可持續(xù)發(fā)展、在校園里更環(huán)保的建議，符合題意。故選E?！?7題詳解】下文“Wheneveryouheadtostoresorsupermarkets,youwillfindthattheysellreusablebags.Butyouarerecommendedtobringtheonesyoualreadyowninyourdorm,becauseitcanhelpreducetheamountofbagsaccumulatinginthecornerofyourdorm.(每當(dāng)你去商店或超市時(shí)，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們出售可重復(fù)使用的袋子。但建議你帶上宿舍里已經(jīng)有的袋子，因?yàn)檫@有助于減少宿舍角落里堆積的袋子數(shù)量)”說明本段介紹的建議是使用自己已經(jīng)有的袋子，以減少使用的袋子數(shù)量，B項(xiàng)“使用你的環(huán)保袋?！币鱿挛膬?nèi)容，適合作為段落標(biāo)題句。故選B?！?8題詳解】上文“Allofthevendingmachinescome,equippedwithalittlesign.(所有的自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)都來了，都配備了一個(gè)小標(biāo)志)”以及下文“However,theEarthsaysotherwisewithallofthosenon-biodegradableplasticcupsfillinglandfills.(然而，地球上卻沒有這么說，所有那些不可生物降解的塑料杯都填滿了垃圾填埋場)”說明自動(dòng)售貨機(jī)都配備小標(biāo)志，但是不可生物降解的塑料杯卻變得非常多，填滿了垃圾填埋場，A項(xiàng)中It指代上文的alittlesign，A項(xiàng)“上面寫著不要帶私人瓶子。”承上啟下，符合題意。故選A?！?9題詳解】上文“Notonlydoestakingthestairsallowforsomeminimalyetmightyexercise,butitalsoreducesenergyusefromtheelevator.(走樓梯不僅可以進(jìn)行一些最小但有力的鍛煉，而且還可以減少電梯的能量消耗)”說明走樓梯的好處，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“它讓其他更需要它的人能夠按時(shí)上課。”繼續(xù)介紹不坐電梯、走樓梯的好處，與上文內(nèi)容并列，符合題意。故選F?！?0題詳解】上文“Turnoffthelightsintime.(及時(shí)關(guān)燈)”說明本段介紹的建議是及時(shí)關(guān)燈，以及下文“Everytimeyouturnoffthelights,itmeanssomethingtotheEarth.(每次你把燈關(guān)掉，對地球都有意義)”說明及時(shí)關(guān)燈的益處，C項(xiàng)“節(jié)約能源非常重要。”承接上文，并引出下文關(guān)燈的益處的介紹，符合題意。故選C。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。MrBob,a94-year-oldman,waskindandfriendly.Oneday,heheardhisyoungneighbor,Lucy,was___21___.Feelingworried,hedecidedtosendapotofchickennoodlesouptoher.___22___afullpotofhomemadesoupinabutton-upshirtandapairofheat-protectivegloves,healsolookedhandsome.Whenherangthedoorbell,hewaswearingabigsmile,clearly___23___togifthisneighbora___24___.“Iwanttoseehowyou’redoing,”MrBobsaid,___25___thepottoLucy.Takingthepotof___26___chickennoodlesoupfromMrBob,Lucywasmovedtotears.“Eatthatwhileit’shot,”MrBobsaidwhile___27___.“Thanks.MrBob.Ireally___28___it,”Lucyrespondedandthensaidgoodbyetohim.Lucyjustgraduatedfromcollegeandrentedahouseherebyherself.Despitelackofherfamily’s___29___,shewouldgetMrBob’s___30___whenevershewasintrouble.Later,Lucytookapictureofthepotofchickennoodlesoupand___31___itonline,belowwhichsheaddedsomewords:MrBobalways___32___melikemyfamily.Soon,MrBob’s___33___actionwentviral.PeoplegaveLucytheirown___34___of“MrBobs”inthecommentsection.Onepersonwrote,“My‘MrBob’oftenhelpslookaftermyelderlymother.”Anotherwrote,“My‘MrBob’oftenshareshisvegetableswithus.”Lucyreacted___35___andwrote,“Whatawonderfulhumanbeing!Let’shavemore‘MrBobs’inourcommunity.”21.A.sick B.guilty C.annoyed D.disabled22.A.Booking B.Carrying C.Enjoying D.Making23.A.excited B.ashamed C.humble D.greedy24.A.shirt B.meal C.pot D.button25A.lending B.distributing C.handing D.returning26.A.bitter B.purchased C.freezing D.steaming27.A.sitting B.bending C.leaving D.awaiting28.A.make B.input C.get D.appreciate29.A.debt B.company C.guidance D.assignment30.A.assistance B.attention C.school D.studio31.A.searched B.posted C.acquired D.checked32.A.countson B.relieson C.turnsto D.attendsto33.A.honest B.brave C.considerate D.tolerant34.A.versions B.choices C.breakthroughs D.commitments35.A.loudly B.modestly C.sympathetically D.accordingly【答案】21.A22.B23.A24.B25.C26.D27.C28.D29.B30.A31.B32.D33.C34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述94歲的Bob先生善良又熱心，在鄰居Lucy遇到困難時(shí)總是提供幫助，Lucy將Bob先生的體貼舉動(dòng)發(fā)布在網(wǎng)上之后大家紛紛講述了自己版本的“Bob先生”?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，他聽說他年輕的鄰居Lucy病了。A.sick生病的；B.guilty內(nèi)疚的；C.annoyed惱怒的；D.disabled殘疾的。根據(jù)下文“Feelingworried”以及““Iwanttoseehowyou’redoing,”MrBobsaid”可知，Bob先生很擔(dān)心Lucy身體，此處指Lucy生病了，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他穿著系扣襯衫，戴著一副防熱手套，端著滿滿一鍋?zhàn)灾茰雌饋硪埠軒?。A.Booking預(yù)定；B.Carrying攜帶；C.Enjoying喜歡；D.Making制作。上文“hedecidedtosendapotofchickennoodlesouptoher”提到Bob先生決定給Lucy送雞湯，故此處指端著滿滿一鍋?zhàn)灾茰蔬xB。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他按門鈴時(shí)，臉上帶著燦爛的笑容，顯然很高興能給鄰居送頓飯。A.excited興奮的；B.ashamed羞愧的；C.humble謙遜的；D.greedy貪婪的。根據(jù)“hewaswearingabigsmile”可知，Bob先生很高興能給鄰居送頓飯，故選A。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.shirt襯衫；B.meal一餐；C.pot鍋；D.button按鈕。根據(jù)上文“afullpotofhomemadesoup”可知，Bob先生送了一鍋雞湯，故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我想看看你怎么樣了，”Bob先生說著，把鍋遞給Lucy。A.lending借給；B.distributing分配；C.handing遞給；D.returning返回。下文“Takingthepot”提到Lucy接過雞湯面，故此處指Bob遞給Lucy，故選C。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：從Bob先生手里接過一鍋熱氣騰騰的雞湯面，Lucy感動(dòng)得流下了眼淚。A.bitter苦的；B.purchased已經(jīng)購買的；C.freezing冰凍的；D.steaming熱氣騰騰的。根據(jù)下文“Eatthatwhileit’shot”可知，雞湯還是熱的，故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“趁熱吃吧，”Bob先生離開時(shí)說。A.sitting坐；B.bending彎腰；C.leaving離開；D.awaiting等待。根據(jù)下文“saidgoodbyetohim”可知，此處指Bob先生離開，故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“謝謝。Bob先生。我真的很感激。”Lucy回答，然后跟他說了再見。A.make制作；B.input輸入；C.get得到；D.appreciate感激。根據(jù)“Thanks.”可知，Lucy很感激Bob先生，故選D?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管她沒有家人的陪伴，但每當(dāng)她遇到困難時(shí)，總會得到Bob先生的幫助。A.debt債務(wù)；B.company陪伴；C.guidance指導(dǎo)；D.assignment工作，任務(wù)。根據(jù)上文“Lucyjustgraduatedfromcollegeandrentedahouseherebyherself.(Lucy剛大學(xué)畢業(yè)，自己在這里租了一所房子)”可知，Lucy沒有家人的陪伴，故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.assistance幫助；B.attention注意力；C.school學(xué)校；D.studio演播室。根據(jù)上文Bob先生在Lucy生病時(shí)送雞湯以及“whenevershewasintrouble”可知，每當(dāng)Lucy遇到困難時(shí)，總會得到Bob先生的幫助，故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，Lucy把那鍋雞湯拍了一張照片傳到網(wǎng)上，并在下面加了幾句話：Bob先生總是像家人一樣照顧我。A.searched搜索；B.posted發(fā)布；C.acquired獲得；D.checked檢查。根據(jù)“online”以及下文“Soon,MrBob’s

___13____

actionwentviral.”可知，此處指發(fā)布在網(wǎng)上，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：同上。A.countson指望；B.relieson依靠；C.turnsto求助于；D.attendsto照顧。結(jié)合上文送雞湯以及空后“l(fā)ikemyfamily”可知，此處指“像家人一樣照顧我”，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：很快，Bob先生體貼的舉動(dòng)迅速傳播開來。A.honest誠實(shí)的；B.brave勇敢的；C.considerate體貼的；D.tolerant寬容的。根據(jù)上文Bob在Lucy生病時(shí)送雞湯的舉動(dòng)以及“MrBobalways___12___melikemyfamily.”可知，Bob先生很體貼，故選C。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：人們在評論區(qū)給了Lucy自己版本的“Bob先生”。A.versions版本；B.choices選擇；C.breakthroughs突破；D.commitments承諾。根據(jù)下文“Onepersonwrote,“My‘MrBob’oftenhelpslookaftermyelderlymother.”Anotherwrote,“My‘MrBob’oftenshareshisvegetableswithus.”(有人寫道：“我的‘Bob先生’經(jīng)常幫助照顧我年邁的母親?！绷硪晃粚懙溃骸拔业摹瓸ob先生’經(jīng)常和我們分享他的蔬菜?！?”可知，每個(gè)人都有自己版本的“Bob先生”，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Lucy相應(yīng)地作出反應(yīng)并寫道：“多么了不起的人啊！讓我們的社區(qū)里出現(xiàn)更多的‘Bob先生’吧?！盇.loudly大聲地；B.modestly謹(jǐn)慎地；C.sympathetically同情地；D.accordingly相應(yīng)地，照著。結(jié)合語境及下文“Whatawonderfulhumanbeing!Let’shavemore‘MrBobs’inourcommunity.(多么了不起的人??！讓我們的社區(qū)里有更多的‘Bob先生’)”可知，Lucy讀完大家的評論后相應(yīng)地作出反應(yīng)，寫下自己的評論，故選D。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OnMarch4,2023,U.N.membercountriesagreedonatreaty(協(xié)定)thatwillprotectmarinelifeinthehighseas.Theseareoceanwatersoutsideofallnational___36___(boundary).Thetreatywillprotect30%oftheoceansintheworld—nearlyhalfoftheplanet’ssurface.Moremoneywillgotowardconservationof___37___(that)areas.“Thetreatyisa‘historicandoverwhelmingsuccessforinternationalmarineprotec