人教版八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation？語(yǔ)法訓(xùn)練

Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation？一、復(fù)合不定代詞一、基本用法由some，any，no，every加上-body，-one，-thing構(gòu)成的不定代詞叫復(fù)合不定代詞，在句中做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。具體情況如下：-one-body-thingsomeanyeverynoListen!Someoneisknockingatthedoor.聽(tīng)!有人在敲門。（做主語(yǔ)）Heseemstoknoweverything.他看上去知道一切。（做賓語(yǔ)）二、特殊用法1.復(fù)合不定代詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。Everythingbeginstogrowinspring.春天萬(wàn)物開始生長(zhǎng)。2.形容詞或else修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)，形容詞或else要后置。Thereisnothingimportantintoday'snewspaper.今天的報(bào)紙上沒(méi)有什么重要的內(nèi)容。Isthereanybodyelseintheroom？房間里還有別的人嗎？3.復(fù)合不定代詞被動(dòng)詞不定式（短語(yǔ)）修飾時(shí)，不定式（短語(yǔ)）要后置。Well,wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink？好吧，來(lái)點(diǎn)飲料喝嗎？4.在反意疑問(wèn)句中，表示人的復(fù)合不定代詞在陳述句中做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句中的主語(yǔ)用he或they；如果表示物的復(fù)合不定代詞在陳述句中做主語(yǔ)，簡(jiǎn)略問(wèn)句中的主語(yǔ)用it。Someoneiswaitingforyouattheschoolgate,isn'the/aren'tthey？有人在學(xué)校門口等你，是不是？Everythingisready,isn'tit？一切都準(zhǔn)備好了，是嗎？三、難點(diǎn)突破something/somebody/someone可用于表示請(qǐng)求、建議或邀請(qǐng)的問(wèn)句中，希望對(duì)方做出肯定回答。這是帶some的復(fù)合不定代詞的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)，在問(wèn)句中容易錯(cuò)用anything/anybody/anyone。和some/any的用法一致Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat？你要來(lái)點(diǎn)吃的東西嗎？Whydon'tyouasksomebodytohelpyou？為什么不請(qǐng)人幫你呢？當(dāng)堂訓(xùn)練1.Icanhardlyeat.Iamnotfeelingwelltoday.A.nothing B.anything C.everything D.something2.WewillhaveasportsmeetinginOctober,but___B___knowsthedateforsure.A.everybody B.nobody C.anybody D.somebody3.Wouldyouliketodrink？A.something B.anything C.nothing4.Itseemsthat_iswrongwiththecomputer.Iwillgetitrepaired（修理）soon.A.nothing B.something C.anything D.everything5.Learningisalifelong（終生的）journeybecauseitbringseveryday.A.newsomething B.somethingnew C.anythingnew D.newanything二、一般過(guò)去時(shí)一、基本用法一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。（過(guò)去式分為be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式）Isawhimonthestreetyesterday.昨天我在街上看見(jiàn)他了。Hissonwasbornonacoldwintermorning.他兒子出生在一個(gè)寒冷冬天的早晨。二、標(biāo)志詞1.yesterday及其構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，如：yesterdaymorning/afternoon等。2.由“時(shí)間段+ago”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)以及由“l(fā)ast+表時(shí)間的名詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)。Thelittlegirlwasatschoolthreeyearsago.這個(gè)女孩三年前是在學(xué)校。MyfamilywenttoBeijingZoolastweek.我們?nèi)疑现苋チ吮本﹦?dòng)物園。3.由before構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ)，如：thedaybeforeyesterday（前天）以及justnow剛才，onceuponatime從前，then那時(shí)。WevisitedtheGreatWallthedaybeforeyesterday.前天我們參觀了長(zhǎng)城。4.in/on+過(guò)去的時(shí)間，如：in1999在1999年，onthemorningoflastSunday在上個(gè)星期天的早晨。三、難點(diǎn)突破在賓語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)主句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句只能選用表過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)（即一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)）；當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句表達(dá)的是客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象、格言、諺語(yǔ)、定律等時(shí)，不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Shetoldmeshenotquitewell.她告訴我她不太舒服。Shesaidshemuchbetterthanbefore.她說(shuō)她比以前好多了。Theteachertoldusthatthelightfasterthanthesound.老師告訴過(guò)我們光傳播的速度比聲音快。四、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法區(qū)別一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)般過(guò)去時(shí)意義表示現(xiàn)階段發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，以及永恒不變的事實(shí)、真理和自然現(xiàn)象表示過(guò)去某階段發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)、過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作標(biāo)志詞today，everyday，onSunday，everymorning，often，always，usually，sometimes，onceaweek等yesterday...（昨天……），lastweek/year...（上周/去年…），…ago（……以前），in/on+過(guò)去的時(shí)間肯定（1）主語(yǔ)+be（is/am/are）+表語(yǔ)+其他.（2）主語(yǔ)（非單數(shù)第三人稱）+v原形+其他.（3）主語(yǔ)（單數(shù)第三人稱）+v.第三人稱單數(shù)形式+其他。主語(yǔ)+be（was/were）+表語(yǔ)+其他.主語(yǔ)十v.過(guò)去式+其他.否定（1）主語(yǔ)+be（is/am/are）+not+表語(yǔ)+其他（2）主語(yǔ)（非單數(shù)第三人稱）+don't+v.原形+其他.（3）主語(yǔ)（單數(shù)第三人稱）+doesn't+v.原形十其他。（1）主語(yǔ)+be（was/were）+not十表語(yǔ)十其他.（2）主語(yǔ)+didn't十v.原形十其他.疑問(wèn)（1）Is/Am/Are+主語(yǔ)+表語(yǔ)十其他？（2）Do+主語(yǔ)（非單數(shù)第三人稱）+v.原形十其他？（3）Does+主語(yǔ)（單數(shù)第三人稱）十v.原形+其他？（1）Was/Were+主語(yǔ)+表語(yǔ)+其他？（2）Did+主語(yǔ)+v.原形+其他？當(dāng)堂訓(xùn)練一．.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1I（call）mymotherthismorning.2ShewatchesTVeveryevening.Butshe（notwatch）TVlastnight.3ItwassunnylastSunday.I（go）tothebeachwithmyparents.4-Whenyourbrother（do）hishomework？-He（do）itanhourago.5-Why（be）theboylateforschoolthismorning？-Becausehe（have）breakfastlate.單項(xiàng)選擇1.-Howwasthevolleyballgameyesterday？-Oh,itwasfantastic!Wesomuchfun.A.have B.had C.arehaving D.willhave2.-Thebreadisreallydelicious.-Thankyou.Iitmyself.A.make B.made C.willmake D.ammaking3.Ithasstarted（已經(jīng)開始）torain.It'swisethatwetothepark.A.didn'tgo B.aren'tgoing C.don'tgo4.–Ihaveseen（已經(jīng)看了）thefilmTheJurassicWorldⅡ《侏羅紀(jì)世界Ⅱ》.It'sveryinteresting.-Really？Whenyou______it？A.have；seen B.did；see C.will；see5.Johntoldhislittledaughtertheearthfromthewesttotheeast.A.moved B.moving C.moves D.move綜合演練一、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Thebeaches_____(be)verygreatlastweekend.2.Therearemanypeopleinthesupermarket.It’stoo_____(crowd).3.Didyouenjoy_____(live)inBeijing?4.TheGreens_____(go)toSouthAfricatowatchsoccergameslastyear.5.Therelaxingmusicmadetheboy_____(stop)crying.二、單項(xiàng)選擇。()1.Thebottleisempty.Thereis____init.A.anything B.something C.nothing D.everything()2.Bequiet!Ihave____totellyou.A.importantanything B.anythingimportantC.importantsomething D.somethingimportant()3.—Wouldyoulikesometeawithsugarormilk,sir?—No.I’dliketeawithinit? A.anything B.nothing C.something D.everything()4.—_____didyougo_____vacation?—Wewenttothecountryside.A.What;for B.When;on C.Where;on D.Why;at()5.Todayishisbirthday.Manyfriendscometoseehim.Hefeels_____.A.sad B.happily C.happy D.well三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Hecameherelastmonth.（改為否定句）__________________________2.Theyplayedfootballthismorning.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句并作簡(jiǎn)略回答）____________________3.TheywenttoBeijinglastyear.（就畫線部分提問(wèn)）__________________________4.Whatwasthewea