2024-2025學年新教材高中英語課時檢測一Unit1PeopleofAchievementPeriod1含解析新人教版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGE一Unit1Period1Ⅰ.閱讀理解AIn1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury—mostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719—butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy(識字)rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike“Byalady”.Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharacters—fromOliverTwisttoTinyTim—wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickens’greatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon(名人堂)ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,literatureisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswerepublishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837to1901;todayacasualreadermightbeabletonameahalf-dozenofthem.It’spartlytruethatDickens’styleofwritingattractedaudiencesfromallwalksoflife.It’spartlythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress.Butit’salsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimselfatthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchadistinguishedwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible—andimportantforourownculture—tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.【語篇概述】這是一篇寫于狄更斯誕辰200周年紀念前夕的文章,介紹了英國小說的產生和興盛,以及狄更斯在英國小說界的地位。1.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18thcentury?A.Theyweredifficulttounderstand.B.Theywerepopularamongtherich.C.Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.D.Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.【解析】選C。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第一段最終一句“Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoralorjustplainbad.”可知,18世紀的英國小說被看不起,被認為是愚蠢的,邪惡的,壞透了的,與C選項中的worthless基本一樣,故選C。2.DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress_______.

A.hisreputationinFranceB.hisinterestinmodernartC.hissuccessinpublicationD.hisimportanceinliterature【解析】選D。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據其次段中“TodayDickens’greatnessisunchallenged.”可知,文章把狄更斯與《蒙娜麗莎》比較,是利用《蒙娜麗莎》在藝術界的地位來類比狄更斯在文學界的地位,故選D。3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Torememberagreatwriter.B.TointroduceanEnglishnovel.C.Toencouragestudiesonculture.D.TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.【解析】選A。寫作意圖題。依據最終一段中“Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches...”可知,本文寫于狄更斯誕辰200周年紀念前夕,明顯是為了紀念這位宏大的作家。B(2024·邯鄲高二檢測)Womenhavebeenmakingscientificdiscoveriessinceancienttimes.DozensofwomenhavewontheNobelPrizeinscience,oneofthehighesthonorsintheworld.Somewomenscientistsnevermarried,someworkedwiththeirhusbands,andothersraisedlargefamilies.Ithasbeendifficultforwomentobesuccessfulscientists.Intheearly1800sinEngland,MaryAnningbecameoneofthefirstwomenrecognizedforherdiscoveriesabouttheancienthistoryoftheearth.Maryandherfathercollectedfossils(化石)intheirvillageonthesouthcoastofGreatBritain.Fossilsarepartsofplantsoranimalsthathavebeensavedinrocksformillionsofyears.Whenshewasonlytwelveyearsold,Marybecamethefirstpersontofindthealmostcompleteskeletons(骨架)ofseveralanimalsthatnolongerexistedonearth.Shedidn’tbecomefamousforherdiscoveriesatthattimebecausesheoftensoldherfossilstogetmoneytosupportherfamily.In1891,ayoungPolishwomannamedMarieSklodowskatraveledtoParistostudyphysics.ShedidsobecauseshecouldnotgetacollegeeducationinPoland.ShebeganworkinginthelaboratoryofamannamedPierreCurie.MarieandPierreCuriegotmarriedandmademanydiscoveriestogether.TheyreceivedtheNobelPrizeinPhysicsin1903alongwithanotherscientist.MarieCuriebecamethefirstpersontobeawardedasecondNobelPrizein1911,thistimeinChemistry.MarieCuriewasoneofthefewwomenatthetimethatbecamefamousasascientist.【語篇概述】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了以MaryAnning和MarieCurie為代表的女性科學家的故事。4.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofwomenscientistsaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Theygothroughdifficultiestobesuccessful.B.Theycannotgetthehighesthonorsintheworld.C.Theyhadbetterpaymoreattentiontotheirfamilies.D.Theyhavemoreopportunitiestobecomesuccessful.【解析】選A。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據文章第一段末尾句內容“Ithasbeendifficultforwomentobesuccessfulscientists.”可知,在作者看來,女性成為勝利的科學家是很難的。故選A項。5.WhydidMaryfailtobefamousforherdiscoveriesoffossils?A.Shedidn’twanttobeknowntoanyone.B.Theyweren’tworthstudying.C.Nobodyrecognizedthem.D.Shesoldthemformoney.【解析】選D。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據文章第三段末尾句內容“Shedidn’tbecomefamousforherdiscoveriesatthattimebecausesheoftensoldherfossilstogetmoneytosupportherfamily.”可知,她當時并沒有因為發(fā)覺化石而出名是因為她常常賣掉化石來賺錢養(yǎng)家。故選D項。6.WhatcanweknowaboutMarieCurie?A.ShefinishedhercollegeeducationinPoland.B.ShewasthefirstwomantowintwoNobelPrizes.C.ShewonthefirstNobelPrizebeforegettingmarried.D.SheandherhusbandwontheNobelPrizeinChemistry.【解析】選B。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據文章第四段內容“TheyreceivedtheNobelPrizeinPhysicsin1903alongwithanotherscientist.MarieCuriebecamethefirstpersontobeawardedasecondNobelPrizein1911,thistimeinChemistry.”可知,1903年,居里夫人夫婦和另一位科學家一起獲得了諾貝爾物理學獎,1911年,居里夫人成為第一個獲得其次個諾貝爾獎的人,這次是在化學領域。因此可知,她是第一位兩次獲得諾貝爾獎的女性。故選B項。7.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Ancientdiscoveriesofscientists.B.Somestoriesofwomenscientists.C.Successfulmarriagesofwomenscientists.D.SomewomenscientistswinningtheNobelPrize.【解析】選B。主旨大意題。依據文章結構為總分結構,第一段提及了本文的中心話題:Womenhavebeenmakingscientificdiscoveriessinceancienttimes...Ithasbeendifficultforwomentobesuccessfulscientists.由此可知文章的話題為“女性科學家”,并在后文講解并描述了MaryAnning和MarieCurie的勝利故事。選項B“Somestoriesofwomenscientists.(一些女科學家的故事。)”合理概括了文章中心主旨。故選B項。Ⅱ.閱讀填句EyescanspeakMuchmeaningcanbeconveyedclearlywithoureyes,soitisoftensaidthateyescanspeak.1Inabusyoumaylookatastranger,butnotfortoolong.Andifhesensesthatyouarestaringathim,hemayfeeluncomfortable.

Thesameistrueinourdailylife.Ifyouarestaredatformorethannecessary,youwilllookatyourselfupanddowntoseeifthereissomethingwrongwithyou.2Eyesdospeak,right?

Lookingtoolongatsomeonemayseemtoberudeandaggressive.3Ifamanstaresatawomanformorethan10secondsandrefusestolookawayfromher,hisintentionsareobvious.Hewishestoattractherattentionandletherknowthatheisadmiringher.

However,whentwopersonsareengagedinaconversation,thespeakerwillonlylookintothelistener’seyesfromtimetotimetomakesurethatthelistenerdoespayattentiontowhattheformerisspeaking.4Ifaspeakerlooksatyoucontinuouslywhenspeakingasiftryingtocontrolyou,youwillfeelawkward.Apoorliarusuallyexposeshimselfbylookingtoolongatthevictim.Hewronglybelievesthatlookingstraightintheeyeisasignofhonestcommunication.5

Actually,eyecontactshouldbemadebasedonspecificrelationshipandsituation.A.Onthecontrary,itwillgivehimaway.B.Doyouhavesuchakindofexperience?C.That’swhatnormaleyecontactisallabout.D.Actually,continuouseyecontactislimitedtoloversonly.E.Afterall,everybodylikestobestaredatforquitealongtime.F.Butthingsaredifferentwhenitcomestostaringattheoppositesex.G.Ifnothinggoeswrong,youwillfeelannoyedatbeingstaredatthatway.【語篇概述】本文敘述了我們的眼睛能清晰地表達很多意思,所以常說眼睛會說話。但是用眼神溝通應依據兩人之間的關系和你們所在的位置而定。1.【解析】選B。依據第一段的意思:很多意思可以用我們的眼睛清晰地表達,所以常常說眼睛能說話。再依據空格下句:在公共汽車上,你可能看一個生疏人,但時間不太長。故可知B項Doyouhavesuchakindofexperience?(你有這樣一種經驗嗎?)起著承上啟下的作用,符合題意,故選B。2.【解析】選G。依據上句:假如你被過分盯著看,你就會上上下下端詳自己,看看自己是不是有什么地方不對勁。故可知下句的意思是:假如沒有什么不對勁的話,以那種方式被盯著看,你會感覺到很惱火,故選G。3.【解析】選F。依據上句:長時間看某人是粗魯和具有侵略性的。再依據空格下句:假如一位男士盯著一位女士超過10秒,拒絕避開她,他的目的很明顯。他就是想吸引她的留意,讓她知道他正在觀賞她。故可知空格處表示一種轉折:但是,當談到盯著異性時,狀況就不同了。故選F。4.【解析】選C。依據上句:說話者時常地盯著聽者的眼睛就是為了確保聽者的確在聽自己說話。再依據空格下句:假如一個說話的人說話時始終看著你,似乎是在試圖限制你。故可知此處的意思是:這就是正常的眼神溝通。故選C。5.【解析】選A。依據上句:他錯誤地認為直視眼睛是真誠溝通的一個標記。故可知下句的意思是:正相反,它出賣了他。故選A?！舅仞B(yǎng)培優(yōu)】AccordingtoPassageA,retellthemainidea.CharlesDickenswasbornin1812.In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadership.Hecreatedmanycharacters,suchasOliverTwist,TinyTim—whowereheldupasmoraltouchstones.

Dickens’styleofwritingattractedaudiencesfromallwalksoflife.Andhiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress.Perhapstalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchadistinguishedwriter.

閱讀理解BenjaminWest,thefatherofAmericanpainting,showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonlysixyearsofage.Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.Inthosedays,abrushwasmadefromcamel’shair.Therewerenocamelsnearby.Benjamindecidedthatcathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefurfromthefamilycattomakeabrush.Thebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong,thecatbegantolookragged(蓬亂).Hisfathersaidthatthecatmustbesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhathehadbeendoing.Thecat’slotwasabouttoimprove.Thatyear,oneofBenjamin’scousins,MrPennington,cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjamin’sdrawings.Whenhewenthome,hesentBenjaminaboxofpaintandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings(版畫)byanartist.ThesewerethefirstpicturesandfirstrealpaintandbrushesBenjaminhadeverseen.

In1747,whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold,MrPenningtonreturnedforanothervisit.HewasamazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.HeaskedBenjamin’sparentsifhemighttaketheboybacktoPhiladelphiaforavisit.Inthecity,MrPenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybeganalandscape(風景)painting.Williams,awell-knownpainter,cametoseehimwork.WilliamswasimpressedwithBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.Thebookswerelonganddull.Benjamincouldreadonlyalittle,havingbeenapoorstudent.Buthelatersaid,“Thosetwobooksweremycompanionsbyday,andundermypillowatnight.”Whileitislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks,theywerehisintroductiontoclassicalpaintings.Thenine-year-oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.【語篇概述】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講解并描述了美國繪畫之父本杰明小時候就呈現出了繪畫的天賦,并在堂兄及Williams的幫助下下定決心成為一名畫家的故事。1.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Benjamin’svisittoPhiladelphia.B.Willi