高中英語(yǔ)北師大版必修三UNIT 8 Period 5　Lesson 3“White Bikes”on the Road-Reading Comprehension

Period5Lesson3“WhiteBikes”ontheRoad—ReadingComprehensionⅠ.匹配單詞1．profit A．tobecomeimpossibletosee2．overcome B．tohappen;tobefoundsomewhere3．disappear C．thestateofcontinuingtolive，ofteninspiteofdifficultyordanger4．occur D．suggestionorplan;theactofmakingasuggestion5．survival E．tosucceedindealingwithorcontrollingaproblemthathasbeenpreventing youachievingsomething6．proposal F．themoneythatyoumakeinbusinessorbysellingthings，especiallyafter payingthecostsinvolved答案1.F2.E3.A4.B5.C6.DⅡ.選詞填空eq\x(comeupwith，giveup，blowaway，workthrough，bring...toanend)1．Inthatsituation，theydecidedtotakeactiontobringtheboringcontesttoanend.2．Whatmadehimtensewasthatthestrongwindblewawaygoodsoil，leavingonlysand.3．Itislikelythathewillgiveuphisdreamwhenherunsintosomedifficulties.4．Theordinarygirlcameupwithagoodideatodealwiththecurrenttrouble.5．Wemustworkthroughthedifficultiesuntilwefindasolutiontotheproblem.Step1速讀——整體理解文意Ⅰ.明文章大意What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Thefutureof“whitebikes”．B．Thefeatureof“whitebikes”．C．Thesituationof“whitebikes”inChina.D．Thedevelopmentprocessandinfluenceof“whitebikes”．答案DⅡ.悉層次結(jié)構(gòu)1．Matchthemainideawitheachparagraph.(1)Para.1A．Thewhitebikesareback(2)Para.2B．Bike-sharingismoreandmorepopularintheworld(3)Para.3C．Howthewhitebikesbegan(4)Para.4D．TheconvenienceandproblemsofbikesinChina(5)Para.5E．HowthewhitebikesaffectAmsterdam(6)Para.6F．ThepopularityofcyclinginAmsterdam答案(1)F(2)C(3)A(4)E(5)B(6)D2．Thestructureofthepassage.Part1(Para.1)：ThepopularityofcyclinginAmsterdamPart2(Paras.2－5)：Thedevelopmentof“whitebikes”Part3(Para.6)：TheconvenienceandproblemsofbikesinChinaStep2細(xì)讀——逐段獲取細(xì)節(jié)Ⅰ.ReadPart1anddothefollowingexercises.1．WhyisAmsterdamagoodcityforcycling?答案Itisflatandconvenientforbikes.Thereareplacesforbicycleparkingandmoststreetshaveabicyclepath.2．Whenwastheideaof“sharedbikes”borninAmsterdam?答案50yearsago.3．Amsterdamiscalled“theCityofBicycles”becauseof.A．thecyclingfansthereB．theappearanceofbicyclesC．thequalityofbicyclesD．theconvenienceforbicycles答案DⅡ.ReadPart2anddothefollowingexercises.1．Howdoestheauthordevelopthesecondpart?Thesecondpartisdevelopedintimeorder.2．Figureoutthethreestagesofthedevelopmentof“whitebikes”．Stage1：in(1)the1960sStage2：in(2)1999Stage3：(3)nowadays(Ⅰ)Readpara.2anddothefollowingexercises.3．Inthe1960s，somecyclingfanshopedbikescould.A．helptosaveenergyB．bespeciallydesignedC．beplacedanywhereD．bepaintedindifferentcolours答案A4．Whydidthefirst“whitebikes”planfail?A．Peopleweretiredofridingbikes.B．Therewerenotenoughparkingplaces.C．Thievestookallthebikeswithinweeks.D．Thegovernmentallowedpeopletodrivecarsfreely.答案C(Ⅱ)Readparas.3－4anddothefollowingexercises.5．Whathappenedto“whitebikes”in1999?答案“Whitebikes”returnedtoAmsterdam.6．Figureoutthechangesof“whitebikes”in1999.(1)Bikeswereequippedwithacomputertrackingsystem.(2)Bikeswerepaintedinbrightcolors.(3)Bikeswereparkedatspecialparkingplaces.7．Whateffecthave“whitebikes”hadonAmsterdam?PeoplecanenjoycleanairandeasytransportincentralAmsterdam.8．Whatdopeopleuseiftheywanttotakea“whitebike”inthecity?A．Awhitekey.B．Aspecialcard.C．Aspecialcomputer.D．Acommonchip.答案B9．Howdidthe“whitebikes”planworkin1999?A．Allthebikeswereparkedatspecialparkingplaces.B．Allthebikeswerekeptproperlybyspecialpeople.C．Enoughroomwasleftforkeepingbicycles.D．Byusingbothcomputertrackingsystemandspecialparkingplaces.答案D(Ⅲ)Readpara.5andchoosethebestanswer.10．Whichwordcanreplacewords“pedalitsway”inpara.5?A．Ride. B．Spread.C．Sell. D．Operate.答案BⅢ.ReadPart3carefullyanddothefollowingexercises.1．Howare“whitebikes”goinginChina?答案(1)Positiveaspect：boththelocalsandtouristsliketousesharedbikes.(2)Problems：thetheftofbikes&parkingissues.2．Whatdoesthewritermeanbysaying“Wherewillbike-sharinggoinChina?Youdecide.”？答案Thefutureofbike-sharinginChinadependsontheactionofeveryoneofus.Ⅳ.Readthewholepassageagainanddothefollowingexercises.1．Whatisthetypeofthepassage?A．Narrativeessay(記敘文)．B．Argumentativeessay(議論文)．C．Expositorywriting(說(shuō)明文)．D．Practicalwriting(應(yīng)用文)．答案C2．Whichsectioninamagazineisthetextlikelytobetakenfrom?A．Entertainment. B．Climate.C．Environment. D．Economy.答案C3．Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardsthe“whitebikes”？A．Supportive. B．Opposed.C．Indifferent. D．Pessimistic.答案AStep3讀后——討論深度理解1．Doyouthinkthebikeswouldbegoodforourcity?Whyorwhynot？(Criticalthinking)2．Supposeyouareadocent(講解員)inthemuseumofsharedbikes，trytointroducethedevelopmentofsharedbikestothetourists.(Creativethinking)Step4總結(jié)——課文語(yǔ)法填空People1.havebeenenjoying(enjoy)thebenefitsofcyclinginAmsterdamforyears.Itisagoodcityforcyclingbecauseitisflatand2.thereforeconvenientforbikes.Inthe1960s，agroupofcyclingfanscameup3.withanidea.Theybelievedthat4.itwouldbebetterifcarsweren’tallowedinthecitycentreandonlybicycleswere.They5.painted(paint)hundredsofbicycleswhiteandplacedtheminmanyareasaroundAmsterdamforpeople6.touse(use)．Whereversomeonefinishedajourney，theywouldleavethebiketheresothatsomeoneelsecanuseit.Buttheproblemwasthat7.thieves(thief)stoleallthebicycleswithinweeks!In1999，the“whitebikes”returnedtoAmsterdam.Thenew“whitebikes”werenot8.actually(actual)whitebutpaintedinbrightcolours.Thankstotheideasandeffortsofmanypeople，likethecyclingfansofthe1960s，peoplecannowenjoyeasytransportincentralAmsterdam.Nowadays，theideahasspreadaroundtheworld.InChina，even9.more(many)citieshavetheirownprogrammes.However，problemscanalsodevelop.Peoplearetryingdifferentwaysof10.solving(solve)thoseproblems.Step5解讀——長(zhǎng)句難句分析1．Theybelievedthatitwouldbebetterforeverybodyifcarsweren’tallowedinthecitycentreandonlybicycleswere.[句式分析]本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。Theybelieved是主句；that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句；if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。[自主翻譯]他們認(rèn)為，如果市中心不允許使用汽車而只能用自行車，這會(huì)讓所有人都受益。2．Peoplewouldleavethebikeintheplacewheretheyfinishedtheirjourney，sothatsomeoneelsecouldthentakeitanduseitfromthere.[句式分析]本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾theplace；sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。[自主翻譯]人們?cè)谛谐探Y(jié)束時(shí)就地停放自行車，以便其他人能繼續(xù)使用。3．Boththelocalsandtouristsliketousesharedbikesbecausebike-sharingisacheapandeasywaytosaveenergy，reduceairandnoisepollution，andenjoythebenefitsofexerciseincities.[句式分析]本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。Boththelocalsandtouristsliketousesharedbikes是主句；because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句；tosave...是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)作way的后置定語(yǔ)。[自主翻譯]本地人和游客都喜歡騎共享單車，因?yàn)楣蚕韱诬嚪奖阌直阋耍梢怨?jié)省能源、減少空氣和噪聲污染，使人享受在城市里運(yùn)動(dòng)的益處。Ⅰ.閱讀理解ABabusha，or“eight-stepsands”，gotitsnamebecausethedesertwasalwaysjusteightstepsawayfromthefarmers’doors.Today，thedesert’ssouthwardmovementhasbeenstoppedthankstoagreenbeltplantedinthelast40yearsbyGuoWangangandhiscolleagues.Asaresult，GuowasnamedaNationalMoralModelin2020.Guoisonlypartofthesecondgenerationof“soldiers”tofightagainstthedesert.HisfatherwasoneofthesixmenwhofirstbeganplantingtreesinBabusha.WhenGuo’sfatherfellillin1983，hehopedthathissonwouldfollowinhisfootsteps.Guoremembersbeingreluctanttogiveuphisstablegovernmentjob.“Myfatherrepeatedlystressedthatwehadtomakesureourfarmsweren’teatenbythedesert，”Guosaid，addingthatheeventuallyagreedtoworkatthefarmbecausehedidn’twanttoseethetreesdie.However，itwasthedeadlysandstormin1993thatturnedGuointoadetermined“soldier”．Thefastmovingbrownwallofdustreachedhighintotheskyandturneddayintonight.Guowasworkinginthedesertwithhiscolleagueswhenithit.Theyonlymanagedtogethomeaftertrekkingforsixhoursindarkness.Later，helearnedthat23studentswerefounddeadinariverastheytriedtogethomefromschoolduringthesandstorm.Sincethen，Guoandhiscolleagueshavecontinuedplantingtreeseveryspringandfall，pruning(修剪)theminwinterandwatchingoutforfire.Theirstrugglecontinues.Todaymoreandmoreyoungpeoplehavejoinedwithscientificandinnovativemethods.Forexample，thefarmnowissubsidized(資助)byAntForest，apublicwelfareprojectlaunchedbythee-commercegiant，Alibaba.Itrewardsuserswithvirtualenergyinexchangeforlow-carbonactivities，whichcanthenbeusedtodothings，likehavingtreesplanted.“Weneedmoresuchyoungpeopletohelpusfindotheradvancedandengineeringmethodsfordesertificationcontrol，”saidGuoWangang.語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述經(jīng)過(guò)郭萬(wàn)剛和同事們幾十年的努力，“八步沙”治理效果明顯。1．WhatwasGuoWangang’sfirstreactiontohisfather’srequest?A．Headvisedhisfathertostopplantingtrees.B．Hewasunwillingtogiveuphisstablejob.C．Heimmediatelyagreedtoworkatthefarm.D．Hewasdeterminedtofightagainstthedesert.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句和第三段中的“Guoremembersbeingreluctanttogiveuphisstablegovernmentjob.”可知，郭萬(wàn)剛對(duì)父親請(qǐng)求的第一反應(yīng)是不愿意放棄穩(wěn)定的政府部門工作而去種樹(shù)。故選B。2．WhichmarkstheturningpointinGuoWangang’sdesert-fightingcareer?A．Finishingthegreenbelt.B．WinningNationalMoralModeltitle.C．Seeinghisfather’sfallingill.D．Experiencingadeadlysandstorm.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“However，itwasthedeadlysandstormin1993thatturnedGuointoadetermined‘soldier’．”可知，經(jīng)歷了一場(chǎng)致命的沙塵暴是郭萬(wàn)剛治理沙漠事業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。故選D。3．WhydoestheauthormentionAntForest?A．Toshowyoungpeople’screativemethods.B．Toadvocatethelow-carbonwayofliving.C．TopraiseAntForest’suniquecontribution.D．ToindicateGuoandhisteam’sdifficulties.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Todaymoreandmoreyoungpeoplehavejoinedwithscientificandinnovativemethods.Forexample，...”可知，提到“螞蟻森林”是為了表明年輕人具有創(chuàng)意的方法。故選A。4．WhatdoestheauthortrytoexpresswithGuo’sstory?A．Wellbegunishalfdone.B．Onetreedoesn’tmakeaforest.C．Opportunityfavoursonlythepreparedmind.D．Nothingistoodifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.答案D解析推理判斷題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)第一段最后兩句可知，經(jīng)過(guò)郭萬(wàn)剛和同事們幾十年的努力，“八步沙”治理效果明顯。由此可推知，文章想通過(guò)郭萬(wàn)剛的故事告訴我們“世上無(wú)難事，只怕有心人”這個(gè)道理。故選D。BIfyou’reinthemarketforanewfoodorwaterdishforyourcat，youmightwanttocheckoutFreetheOcean’sBambooCatBowls.Thesearemadeofbamboofibersandricehusks(稻殼)andaremoreeco-friendlythantraditionalplastic.Thepresenceofbamboousedasarenewablefiller—ispartofwhatmakesthebowlgreener.Bamboo，whichistechnicallyagrass，grows30%fasterthantreesandasmuchas1.5inchesperhour!Notsurprisingly，itproduces30%moreoxygenandabsorbs35%morecarbondioxidethantrees，accordingtoMimiAusland，founderofFreetheOcean.“It’sacut-and-come-againplant，whichmeansitcanbecroppedwithoutdisruptingtherootball，reducingcarbongivingoffwhenit’sharvested.”Ricehuskisaby-productofriceproductionthatisachallengetofarmersbecauseitishardtobreakdownandofnogreatvalue.Itsuseasafillerprovidesapurposeforanotherwiseuselessmaterialand，alongwiththebamboo.Auslandsaid，“Plasticcatdishesharborbacteria(細(xì)菌)，whichcanputyourcat’shealthatrisk.Evenifpetownerscleanthemregularly，theycannotbefullysanitized.Plasticbowlsarethemaincauseofcatdiseases.”However，thebamboocatbowlwillnotleach(滲入)harmfulchemicalsintoyourpet’swaterthewaythattraditionalplasticcananditisnaturallyfreeofbacteria.Catswilllikethebowls，astheyhavelowedges.Withaneasy-to-pick-uphandle，theycomeinfourcolors.Onecustomercommented，“Mycatspreferthesecatfoodbowlsjustlikeme.Thecatslikethelowlipthatmakesiteasytoeatoutof.Andthefactthatthey’remadeofbambooandthatbuyingthemmakesadifferencetotheenvironmentisamazing！Anditiseasytowashinthedishwasher.”語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇說(shuō)明文。竹子有很多用途，本文中作者介紹了一種新研制的竹制貓碗，相比傳統(tǒng)的塑料來(lái)說(shuō)這種貓碗更環(huán)保、安全。5．Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph2?A．Theimportanceofbambooinnature.B．Theadvantagesofbambooovergrass.C．Thebenefitsofusingbambooasmaterial.D．Theroleofbambooinreducingpollution.答案C解析段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段可知，竹子被用作可再生的填充物，這是使碗更環(huán)保的部分原因。竹子的生長(zhǎng)速度比樹(shù)木快30%，且比樹(shù)木多產(chǎn)生30%的氧氣，多吸收35%的二氧化碳。故第二段主要討論了用竹子作材料的好處。故選C。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sanitized”inparagraph4mostprobablymean?A．Replaced. B．Removed.C．Found. D．Used.答案B解析詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中“Plasticcatdishesharborbacteria(細(xì)菌)，whichcanputyourcat’shealthatrisk.”以及畫線單詞所在句子中“Evenifpetownerscleanthemregularly”可知，塑料貓碗會(huì)藏有細(xì)菌，即使定期清洗也不會(huì)被清洗干凈，由此推斷畫線詞sanitized意為“清除掉”。故選B。7．Whatcanweinferfromthecustomer’swords?A．Catshavelowlips.B．Catsareeasytosatisfy.C．Heisfondofthenewbowl.D．Hedoesn’tlikedoinghousework.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段顧客對(duì)貓碗的積極評(píng)價(jià)可知，從顧客的話中我們可以推斷出他喜歡那個(gè)新碗。故選C。8．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Topromoteanewproduct.B．Togivepetownerssomeadvice.C．Tointroducethefunctionsofbamboo.D．Topointoutthelinkbetweenmaterialandhealth.答案A解析寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，文章開(kāi)篇介紹了竹制的貓碗，下文進(jìn)一步分析了這種貓碗的使用材料以及特點(diǎn)等，由此判斷文章的目的是推薦新產(chǎn)品。故選A。CIt’snotusualforyourmunicipality(市政當(dāng)局)togiveyoumoney—actuallymorelikeavoucher(代金券)—butMiami-DadeCountyinFloridaisswitchingthingsupabitanddoingjustthatforresidentswholeavetheircarshome.Thecountyistroubledwithbigtrafficjamsandwaslookingforawaytoreducetrafficandimprovethequalityoflifefortheresidents.That’swhycountyleadersdecidedtoteamupwithanewmobilityappVelociathatbelievesinrewardingpeopleeverytimetheycommute(通勤)viapublictransportation.Miami’smayorCarlosGimenezannounced，“Velociaisarevolutionarymobilityappthatoffersrewardsforsmartdecisionsthathelppeoplebreakthehabitoftravelingaloneincars.Theultimategoaloftheprogramistoreducetrafficandcarbonemissions.”TheideacamefromaFastrackInstitute—non-profitfoundation.It’seasytouse，justdownloadtheapponyouriPhoneandthenleaveyourcarathomeandthemobilityapptrackswhattransportationyouuse.Residentsthatusetrainsorbuses，orevenusebicycles，ortheirfeettogettoworkwillearnpoints.Thepoints，accordingtoVelociawilltranslateintoavirtualcurrencyinyouriPhone.ThecaseofMiami-DadeCountyisnotalone.Municipalitiesworldwideareworkingonwaystoreducecarusetocutbackongreenhouseemissionsandtomakecitiesmorelivable.PlaceslikeAmsterdam，NetherlandsandHamburg，Germanyarecommittedtomakingwalkingandbikingthedominantformoftransportationintheircitycenters.Othercitiesareprovidingfreepublictransportationtocutdownoncaruse.DavidWinterstein，VelociaCEOsaid，“IfmoreUSmunicipalitiesadoptprogramsliketheVelociaapp，itcouldgoalongwaytoreducesmog，greenhousegasses，andwastedtimesittinginjammedstreets.Itreallywouldbeawin-winforcityresidents.”語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹佛羅里達(dá)州的邁阿密戴德縣使用Velocia應(yīng)用程序獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)居民積分，以激勵(lì)居民把車留在家里，乘坐公共交通出行，并敘述了其具體做法和影響。9．WhatshouldparticipantsintheprogramofMiamicountydo?A．Travelaloneincars.B．Paythetaxesortickets.C．Drivewithanewmobilityapp.D．Takepublictransportationtowork.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容及第二段中的“...rewardingpeopleeverytimetheycommute(通勤)viapublictransportation.”可知，邁阿密戴德縣的居民參與這個(gè)活動(dòng)項(xiàng)目需把車留在家里，乘坐公共交通工具上班。故選D。10．Whatdoesparagraph4mainlyfocuson?A．TheoperationprocessoftheappVelocia.B．Theadvantagesofthetrafficprogram.C．Theintroductiontoavirtualcurrency.D．Thevariouswaysofgettingthereward.答案A解析段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段第二至四句可知，該段主要講述Velocia應(yīng)用程序的操作過(guò)程。故選A。11．Whyareothercitiesmentionedinparagraph5?A．Toindicatethebackgroundoftheprogram.B．Toshowtheeffectofthenewmobilityapp.C．Topresentthepopularityoflow-carbontravel.D．Toraiseawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可知，本段提到世界各地的城市都在努力減少汽車使用，減少溫室氣體排放，使城市更宜居，這是為了呈現(xiàn)低碳出行的流行。故選C。12．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．ANewMobilityAppMakesCitiesMoreLivableB．MiamiRewardsResidentsforLeavingTheirCarsHomeC．AnAppRewardMakesMiamiPeopleMoreWealthyD．Miami-DadeIsLongingtoImprovePeople’sQualityofLife答案B解析標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段可知，佛羅里達(dá)州的邁阿密戴德縣使用Velocia應(yīng)用程序獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)居民積分，以激勵(lì)居民把車留在家里，乘坐公共交通出行。下文敘述其做法和影響。因此B項(xiàng)“邁阿密獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)把車停在家里的居民”符合文章主題。故選B。Ⅱ.七選五(2023·浙江杭州高一期末)HowtoCelebrateEarthDayAreyoulookingforwaystocelebrateEarthDayonApril22?You’vecometotherightplace.Ifyou’rereadytolearnmoreaboutjoiningtheglobalcelebration，makingrealchange，anddoingyourparttosaveourplanet，readon!Walkorrideyourbike.1Evenonedaycanmakeadifference，butifyoucancommit(承諾)towalkingorbikingmoreofteninthefuture，that’sevenbetter!Ifyourdailycommuteistoofarforwalking/biking，trypublictransportationlikebusesortrains.Plantatree.Thissimpleactwillbenefittheenvironmentfordecades.Plantingatreeonlytakesafewminutes，butitc