山東省濟(jì)南市2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題 含解析

2024年1月高二期末學(xué)習(xí)質(zhì)量檢測英語試題本試卷共12頁。滿分150分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。注意事項：1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫，字體工整、筆跡清楚。3.請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效；在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。4.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.Agarage.B.Aschool.C.Agreenland.2.Whatwasthemanaskedtofocuson?A.Globalevents.B.Hisstudies.C.terriblethings.3.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Bemoreindependent.B.Respectherteachermore.C.Relymoreonherteacher.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theguardhiring.B.Thewoman’sfamily.C.Theman’semployer.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Heagreeswiththewoman.B.Thewomanshouldbepolite.C.Thewoman’sconcernisuseless.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7兩個小題。6.Whatdoesthewomanofferto.dofortheman?A.Pickhimup.B.Callhimintime.C.Recordaprogram.7.Whatwillthemanbebusydoingtonight?A.Preparingforabusinesstrip.B.WatchingaTVprogram.C.Holdingameeting.聽下面一段對話，回答第8和第9兩個小題。8.Whatcanweknowabouttheman?A.Hemajorsinliterature.B.Heisacollegestudent.C.Hejoinsadebateteam.9.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Attendaparty.B.Dosomesports.C.Watchaplay.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至第12三個小題。10.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Seeadoctor.B.Borrowadisk.C.Fixhercomputer.11.Whatisthematterwiththewoman’scomputerA.Itkeepsbreakingdown.B.Itmakesstrangesounds.C.Itrunstoomanyprograms.12.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Fetchadisk.B.Openupaprogram.C.Turnoffthecomputer.聽下面一段對話，回答第13至第16四個小題。13.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Attendingameeting.B.Enjoyingaconcert.C.Liningupfortickets.14.Whatisthewomannow?A.Afootballer.B.Ateacher.C.Aboss.15.WheredoesSusanwork?A.Inahospital.B.Inacompany.C.Inaconcerthall.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Formerclassmates.C.Professorandstudent.聽下面一段獨白，回答第17至第20四個小題。17.Whenwilltheswimclassesbegin?A.OnMarch1st.B.OnMay1st.C.OnJune1st.18.Howmuchdoeseachswimclasscost?A.$10.B.$15.C.$20.19.Whatmustanewcomerdobeforesigningupforclasses?A.Getacertificate.B.Attendaswimskillshow.C.Reachahighswimskilllevel.20.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?A.Todiscussanissue.B.Togiveapresentation.C.Tointroduceacourse.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AEveryyear,nationalparksarecrowdedwithvisitors.HerearethetopfournamedbyTheNationalParkService.GlacierNationalParkIn1910,Glacierwasestablishedasthecountry’s10thnationalpark.Takeadvantageofthepark’sexpansivehikingtrails（路線）,andbesuretohittravelerfavoritesliketheTrailoftheCedarsandIcebergLakeTrail.What’smore,GlacierNationalParkhostsplentyoffreeactivitieslikeguidedhikesandappealingeventsidealforvisitorsofallages.GrandCanyonNationalParkFirstprotectedin1893asaforestreserve,theGrandCanyonbecameanofficialUSnationalparkin1919.Theparkoffersendlesshikingopportunitieswithtrailsofvariouslengths,aswellasthechancetoraft（漂流）theColoradoRiver.Andifyou’relookingforadifferentpoint,considerahelicoptertourtolearnmoreabouttheparkandseeitinallitsgloryfromabove.YellowstoneNationalParkTheworldfamoussitebecamethefirstnationalparkintheU.S.onMarch1,1872,whenPresidentGrantsignedtheYellowstoneNationalParkProtectionActintolaw.Here,hikerscangetlostinthebeautyofthelakes,mountains,valleysand,ofcourse,itsunmatchedhotsprings.ToavoidthecrowdsthatoftentroubleYellowstone,plantovisitinApril,May,SeptemberorOctober.YosemiteNationalParkFirstprotectedin1864,YosemiteNationalParkstandsoutforitsimpressivewaterfalls.Thebesttimetoseewaterfallsisduringspring,whenmostofthesnowmeltoccurs.Therearealsoplentyofscenichikingandcampingopportunities.Justkeepinmindthatcampsitesselloutquicklyafterbecomingavailableforbooking,somakeyourreservationsinadvance.1.Whichparkmayattractpeopleinterestedinwateractivities?A.GlacierNationalPark. B.YosemiteNationalPark.C.YellowstoneNationalPark. D.GrandCanyonNationalPark.2.WhatdoesYellowstoneNationalParkfeature?A.Freeactivities. B.Popularhotels.C.Hotsprings. D.Airtours.3.Whatdothefournationalparkshaveincommon?A.Theyprovidehikingtrails. B.Theysuittouristsofallages.C.Theyhostcampingactivities. D.Theydatefromthe19thcentury.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了國家公園管理局列出的前四名國家公園?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GrandCanyonNationalPark中關(guān)鍵句“Theparkoffersendlesshikingopportunitieswithtrailsofvariouslengths,aswellasthechancetorafttheColoradoRiver.(公園提供了無盡的遠(yuǎn)足機(jī)會，有各種長度的小徑，以及在科羅拉多河上漂流的機(jī)會)”可知，如果對水上活動感興趣，可以去大峽谷國家公園。故選D項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)YellowstoneNationalPark中關(guān)鍵句“Here,hikerscangetlostinthebeautyofthelakes,mountains,valleysand,ofcourse,itsunmatchedhotsprings.(在這里，徒步旅行者可以迷失在湖泊、山脈、山谷的美景中，當(dāng)然，還有無與倫比的溫泉)”可知，黃石國家公園可以享受溫泉。故選C項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GlacierNationalPark中“Takeadvantageofthepark’sexpansivehikingtrails,andbesuretohittravelerfavoritesliketheTrailoftheCedarsandIcebergLakeTrail.(充分利用公園廣闊的徒步小徑，一定要找到游客最喜歡的雪松小徑和冰山湖小徑)”；GrandCanyonNationalPark中“Theparkoffersendlesshikingopportunitieswithtrailsofvariouslengths,aswellasthechancetorafttheColoradoRiver.(公園提供了無盡的遠(yuǎn)足機(jī)會，有各種長度的小徑，以及在科羅拉多河上漂流的機(jī)會)”；YellowstoneNationalPark中“Here,hikerscangetlostinthebeautyofthelakes,mountains,valleysand,ofcourse,itsunmatchedhotsprings.(在這里，徒步旅行者可以迷失在湖泊、山脈、山谷的美景中，當(dāng)然，還有無與倫比的溫泉)”及YosemiteNationalPark中“Therearealsoplentyofscenichikingandcampingopportunities.(這里也有很多徒步旅行和露營的機(jī)會)”可知，這四個國家公園提供遠(yuǎn)足路線。故選A項。

BForovertwentyyears,agroupofladieslivingataseniorlivingcommunityinDallashavemadethousandsofhand-knit(編織)hatsandtoys,bringingwarmthandsupporttochildrenbothinTexasandoverseas.AndtheycallthemselvestheKnitWits.EveryFriday,theygatheraroundalongtablewithwoolandneedlestolendahand.TheirlatestprojectisacooperationwithChildren’sHealthinDallastocreatehomemadecapsforbabiesfacingheartproblems.Stover,amemberoftheKnitWitsgottheideawhiletalkingwithherdaughter,adoctoratthehospital.Forthepastyear,thegrouphassentdozensofcapsforthebabies.“Thecapsarethemedaroundtheholidays,”Stoversays,“withdesignsrepresentingAutumn,NewYearandSpring.Thelittlecapshavebecomeacolorfulsymbolofhopeandjoyforthecenter’syoungestpatientsandtheirfamilies.”Theminihatscanhelpdevelopthebondingbetweenbabiesandcaregivers,preservingthesmelloftheadultnexttotakebaby’sskin.Caregiversareabletowearthehatontheirbodytocarrytheirsmellbeforeplacingthehatbackonthebaby,easingthebabies’stress.Throughoutthebabies’hospitaladmission,manyholidayshavebeencelebrated,butoftenthebabiesaretoocriticaltobedressedupforphotos.ThankstothegenerosityoftheKnitWits,thebabyhatprovidestheperfectfestivetouch.Marianneis102yearsoldandstillknitting.“Beingcreative,beingbusyandhavingsomethinggoodtothinkaboutmakemylifecolorful.”shesaid.TheKnitWitsalsosentknitdollstochildrenfromAfricancountries.They’veproventhatasimpleactofkindnesscanmakesuchadifferenceinthelivesofthosefacingchallengingcircumstances.4.WhatcanwelearnabouttheKnitWitsladies?A.Theyattendthechildren. B.Theyprofitfromhandiwork.C.Theygiftkidswithlittlecaps. D.Theysufferfromheartproblems.5WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Theprocessoftreatments.B.Thecelebrationofholidays.C.Theroleofminihatstobabies.D.Thebondingofbabiesandcaregivers.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheKnitWitsladies?A.Patient. B.Caring. C.Humorous. D.Wise.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheKnitWitswarmsthekids B.HandmadecapshittheworldC.Thekindactmattersinhospital D.Holidaysbringfamiliescloser【答案】4.C5.C6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文。一群住在達(dá)拉斯的老年社區(qū)的女士們在過去20年里，手工編織了許多帽子和玩具，為需要幫助的孩子們帶去溫暖。她們稱自己為“編織智慧”，她們已經(jīng)證明，一個簡單的善舉可以給那些面臨挑戰(zhàn)的人的生活帶來如此大的不同?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Forovertwentyyears,agroupofladieslivingataseniorlivingcommunityinDallashavemadethousandsofhand-knit(編織)hatsandtoys,bringingwarmthandsupporttochildrenbothinTexasandoverseas.AndtheycallthemselvestheKnitWits.(二十多年來，一群住在達(dá)拉斯老年生活社區(qū)的女士們制作了數(shù)千頂手工編織的帽子和玩具，為德克薩斯州和海外的孩子們帶來了溫暖和支持。她們稱自己為“編織智慧”)”及第二段“TheirlatestprojectisacooperationwithChildren’sHealthinDallastocreatehomemadecapsforbabiesfacingheartproblems.(他們最新的項目是與達(dá)拉斯的兒童健康組織合作，為患有心臟病的嬰兒制作自制的帽子)”可知，“編織智慧”女士們?yōu)榛疾〉膵雰褐谱髅弊?。故選C項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Theminihatscanhelpdevelopthebondingbetweenbabiesandcaregivers,preservingthesmelloftheadultnexttotakebaby’sskin.Caregiversareabletowearthehatontheirbodytocarrytheirsmellbeforeplacingthehatbackonthebaby,easingthebabies’stress.(迷你帽可以幫助培養(yǎng)嬰兒和看護(hù)人之間的聯(lián)系，保留旁邊大人的氣味。護(hù)理員可以把帽子戴在身上，帶著他們的氣味，然后再把帽子戴回嬰兒身上，緩解嬰兒的壓力)”及“ThankstothegenerosityoftheKnitWits,thebabyhatprovidestheperfectfestivetouch.(感謝“編織智慧”的慷慨，嬰兒帽提供了完美的節(jié)日觸摸)”可知，本段介紹了迷你帽子對嬰兒的作用。故選C項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容尤其是最后一段“TheKnitWitsalsosentknitdollstochildrenfromAfricancountries.They’veproventhatasimpleactofkindnesscanmakesuchadifferenceinthelivesofthosefacingchallengingcircumstances.(“編織智慧”也送編織娃娃從非洲國家的兒童。他們已經(jīng)證明，一個簡單的善舉可以給那些面臨挑戰(zhàn)的人的生活帶來如此大的不同)”可知，“編織智慧”女士們是關(guān)心他人的。故選B項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Forovertwentyyears,agroupofladieslivingataseniorlivingcommunityinDallashavemadethousandsofhand-knit(編織)hatsandtoys,bringingwarmthandsupporttochildrenbothinTexasandoverseas.AndtheycallthemselvestheKnitWits.(二十多年來，一群住在達(dá)拉斯老年生活社區(qū)的女士們制作了數(shù)千頂手工編織的帽子和玩具，為德克薩斯州和海外的孩子們帶來了溫暖和支持。她們稱自己為“編織智慧”)”及最后一段“They’veproventhatasimpleactofkindnesscanmakesuchadifferenceinthelivesofthosefacingchallengingcircumstances.(她們已經(jīng)證明，一個簡單的善舉可以給那些面臨挑戰(zhàn)的人的生活帶來如此大的不同)”可知，本文講述了一群自稱為“編織智慧”的女士們?yōu)樯〉暮⒆觽儙砹藴嘏椭С值墓适拢珹選項“‘編織智慧’溫暖了孩子們”適合最為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項。CTheAustraliansandoctopus(章魚)wasdiscoveredin1990andistheonlyoctopusspeciesknowntoburyitselfdeepinthesandtohidefromenemies.Ateamofresearchersarestudyingthevenom(毒液)ofthiskindofoctopus.Theyhavediscoveredthatthevenommaygreatlyslowcancergrowth.AnditcanalsohelpfightdrugresistanceinpatientswithaBRAF-changedskincancer.BRAFisinvolvedinmanagingcellgrowth.Achangeinitresultsinabnormalcellgrowth.TheseBRAFchangesareseeninhalfofallcasesofskincancers.“Weandothergroupshavepreviouslydiscoveredthatotheranimals-snakes,spiders,bees-haveanticancerproperties,”saidDr.Maria,thestudy’sleadauthor.“However,inmycurrentknowledge,theanticancerpropertiesofanoctopusspecieshaveneverbeenstudiedorconfirmedbefore.”Currenttreatmentsfaceafewchallengesincludinglowresponserates,poisoningandsideeffects,aswellasdrugresistance.TheoctopusvenomslowsthegrowthofBRAF-changedskincancer.Moreimportantly,itissafetobeusedinlargequantities—itisnotpoisonous.Therefore,incombinationwithotherdrugs,thetreatmentscouldpotentiallyachievebetterandsaferpatientoutcomes.Itisveryunlikelythattheoctopushasspecificallydevelopeditsvenomtocontainananticancersubstance.Accordingtotheresearchingteam,theoctopusvenomcontainsover1,000uniquesubstanceswithseveralfunctionssuchasreducingpainandanticancer.“Inthisstudy,wehaveshownthattheoctopusvenomspecificallytargetsBRAF-changedskincancer.ThenextstepistoexaminewhethersimilarpromisingresultsareapplicableforotherBRAF-changedcancers.”saidDr.Maria.“Beforeitcanbeusedonpatients,theteamwillneedtoperformseveralroundsoflabtestingandclinicaltrialstounderstandhowitworksanditsfullpotentialasadrugagainstskincancer.”8.WhatcanweknowaboutBRAF?A.Itisachangeincells. B.Itcontrolscellgrowth.C.Itcancauseadeadlyillness. D.Ithelpstocureaskincancer.9.Whatdiscoverydidtheteammake?A.Amedicinetocurecancers. B.Asubstancecontainedinanimals.C.Themedicalvalueofoctopusspecies. D.Theanticancereffectofanoctopusvenom.10.Whatisanadvantageoftheoctopusvenomtotreattheskincancer?A.Itisoflargequantity. B.Ithasnosideeffects.C.Itislessexpensive. D.Ithaslowerrisks.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraphconcerningtheoctopusvenom?A.Itsapplicationrequiresfurtherwork.B.IthelpstreatBRAF-changedcancers.C.Itssafetyneedsmoreclinicaltestings.D.Ithasalreadybeenputintowideuse.【答案】8.B9.D10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，主要介紹了研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)章魚的毒液可能會大大減慢癌癥的生長，并有助于對抗患有BRAF變異皮膚癌患者的藥物抵抗力。目前，章魚毒液的應(yīng)用需要進(jìn)一步的工作。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AnditcanalsohelpfightdrugresistanceinpatientswithaBRAF-changedskincancer.BRAFisinvolvedinmanagingcellgrowth.Achangeinitresultsinabnormalcellgrowth.TheseBRAFchangesareseeninhalfofallcasesofskincancers.(它還可以幫助對抗BRAF改變皮膚癌患者的耐藥性。BRAF參與控制細(xì)胞生長。它的變化會導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞的異常生長。這些BRAF變化在一半的皮膚癌病例中可見)”可知，BRAF控制細(xì)胞生長。故選B項。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Theyhavediscoveredthatthevenommaygreatlyslowcancergrowth.AnditcanalsohelpfightdrugresistanceinpatientswithaBRAF-changedskincancer.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這種毒液可以大大減緩癌癥的生長。它還可以幫助對抗BRAF改變的皮膚癌患者的耐藥性)”及第二段““Weandothergroupshavepreviouslydiscoveredthatotheranimals-snakes,spiders,bees-haveanticancerproperties,”saidDr.Maria,thestudy’sleadauthor.“However,inmycurrentknowledge,theanticancerpropertiesofanoctopusspecieshaveneverbeenstudiedorconfirmedbefore.”(該研究的主要作者瑪麗亞博士說:“我們和其他研究小組此前已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，蛇、蜘蛛、蜜蜂等其他動物也具有抗癌特性。然而，據(jù)我目前所知，章魚的抗癌特性以前從未被研究或證實過?！?”可知，團(tuán)隊發(fā)現(xiàn)了章魚毒液的抗癌作用。故選D項?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Moreimportantly,itissafetobeusedinlargequantities-itisnotpoisonous.Therefore,incombinationwithotherdrugs,thetreatmentscouldpotentiallyachievebetterandsaferpatientoutcomes.(更重要的是，大量使用是安全的——它是無毒的。因此，與其他藥物聯(lián)合使用，這些治療方法可能會獲得更好、更安全的患者結(jié)果)”可知，章魚毒液治療皮膚癌的優(yōu)勢在于它具有較低的風(fēng)險。故選D項。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Beforeitcanbeusedonpatients,theteamwillneedtoperformseveralroundsoflabtestingandclinicaltrialstounderstandhowitworksanditsfullpotentialasadrugagainstskincancer.(在將其用于患者之前，該團(tuán)隊將需要進(jìn)行幾輪實驗室測試和臨床試驗，以了解其工作原理及其作為治療皮膚癌藥物的全部潛力)”可知，章魚毒液的應(yīng)用需要進(jìn)一步的工作。故選A項。DManyoftenfindthemselvesconsideringjobsbelowtheirskilllevelinworseningemploymentmarkets.Butitturnsoutthatworkinginajobbelowyourskilllevelharmsyourlaterchancesofgettinghiredforabetter-payingjobmoreappropriatetoyourqualifications.SociologistDavidPedullaattheUniversityofTexasconductedastudytoexaminehowjobsbelowaperson’sskilllevelaffectfutureemployability.Hetailored2,420applicationsandsubmittedthemto1,210joblistingspostedinfivemajorcitiesacrosstheU.S.Hevariedtheapplicationsbygender,andalsobyemploymentstatusforthepreviousyear.Thenheusedcomputermodelstoanalyzeandcomparetheresults.Theresultsshowthatapplicantswhowerepositionedasworkingbelowtheirskilllevel,regardlessofgenderhadthelowestchancesofgettingcalledforajobinterview.Theseresultsshouldserveasawarningtoanyoneconsideringtakingajobbelowtheirskilllevel.Whileitmightpaythebillsintheshortterm,itcansignificantlyhammerone’sabilitytoreturntotherelevantskilllevelandpaygradeatalaterdate.Whymightthisbethecase?Pedullaconductedafollow-upstudywith903employers.Heaskedthemabouttheirideasofapplicantswitheachkindofemploymenthistory,andhowlikelytheywouldbetorecommendeachkindofcandidatetoaninterview.Theresultsshowthatemployersbelievethatmenwhoareemployedinpositionsbelowtheirskilllevelarelesscommittedandlesscompetentthanmeninotheremploymentsituations.Thosesurveyedalsobelievedthatwomenworkingbelowtheirskilllevelwerelesscompetentthanothers,butdidnotbelievethemtobelesscommitted.Theresultsofstudiessuggestthatworkbelowskilllevelsignalstoemployersmen’sincompetenceandalackofcommitment.Thisisadisturbingreminderthattheswordofgenderbias(偏見)doesinfactcutbothways.12.Whydomanypeoplechoosejobsbelowtheirskilllevel?A.Theyfearbearingduties. B.Theylack-self-confidence.C.Theyfaceatougheconomy. D.Theypursuebetter-payingjobs.13.Howdotheresearcherscarryoutthefirststudy?A.Byconductinginterviews. B.Byresearchingexamples.C.Bymakingcomparisons. D.Bydoingsurveys.14.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“hammer”inParagraph3?A.Ensure. B.Weaken. C.Test. D.Exercise.15.Whatistheemployers’ideaaccordingtothefollow-upstudy?A.Menaremorelikelytogetpromoted.B.Womenaremoredevotedandcapable.C.Womenbehavebetterinjobsbelowskilllevel.D.Menshowtalentsinworkoftherelevantlevel.【答案】12.C13.C14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。研究表明在一份低于你技能水平的工作中工作，會損害你以后找到一份更適合你資歷的高薪工作的機(jī)會?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Manyoftenfindthemselvesconsideringjobsbelowtheirskilllevelinworseningemploymentmarkets.(在不斷惡化的就業(yè)市場中，許多人經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在考慮低于自己技能水平的工作)”可知，許多人考慮低于自己技能水平的工作是由于他們面臨著嚴(yán)峻的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢。故選C項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“SociologistDavidPedullaattheUniversityofTexasconductedastudytoexaminehowjobsbelowaperson’sskilllevelaffectfutureemployability.Hetailored2,420applicationsandsubmittedthemto1,210joblistingspostedinfivemajorcitiesacrosstheU.S.Hevariedtheapplicationsbygender,andalsobyemploymentstatusforthepreviousyear.Thenheusedcomputermodelstoanalyzeandcomparetheresults.(德克薩斯大學(xué)的社會學(xué)家DavidPedulla進(jìn)行了一項研究，研究低于個人技能水平的工作如何影響未來的就業(yè)能力。他定制了2420份申請，并將它們提交給了美國五大城市發(fā)布的1210個職位列表。他根據(jù)性別和前一年的就業(yè)狀況對申請進(jìn)行了調(diào)整。然后他使用計算機(jī)模型來分析和比較結(jié)果)”可知，研究人員通過做比較的方法來進(jìn)行第一項研究。故選C項?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前句“Theseresultsshouldserveasawarningtoanyoneconsideringtakingajobbelowtheirskilllevel.Whileitmightpaythebillsintheshortterm,(這些結(jié)果應(yīng)該給那些考慮接受低于自己技能水平的工作的人敲響警鐘。雖然它可能在短期內(nèi)支付賬單)”及后文“one’sabilitytoreturntotherelevantskilllevelandpaygradeatalaterdate(一個人日后恢復(fù)到有關(guān)技能水平和薪酬等級的能力)”以及表示轉(zhuǎn)折的while可知，考慮接受低于自己技能水平的工作雖然可以掙到錢，但會減弱一個人日后恢復(fù)到有關(guān)技能水平和薪酬等級的能力。由此猜測hammer意為“減弱，削弱”，與weaken意思相近。故選B項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Theresultsshowthatemployersbelievethatmenwhoareemployedinpositionsbelowtheirskilllevelarelesscommittedandlesscompetentthanmeninotheremploymentsituations.Thosesurveyedalsobelievedthatwomenworkingbelowtheirskilllevelwerelesscompetentthanothers,butdidnotbelievethemtobelesscommitted.(結(jié)果表明，雇主認(rèn)為，在低于他們技能水平的崗位上工作的男性比在其他就業(yè)情況下工作的男性更不敬業(yè)，更不稱職。接受調(diào)查的人還認(rèn)為，從事低于自己技能水平工作的女性不如其他女性能干，但并不認(rèn)為她們不夠投入)”可推知，雇主的想法是女性在技能水平以下的工作中比男性表現(xiàn)更好。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Mentalhealthisacriticalaspectofoverallwell-being,yetitisoftenignoredinourfast-pacedsociety.____16____Awell-caredandhealthymindleadstoimprovedemotions,betterrelationships,andamorepositiveoutlookonlife.____17____Whenwearestressedorupset,itisourmind’swayofreactingtonegativestimuli(刺激).Goodmentalhealthallowsustocopewiththeseemotionsinapositivemanner.Inaddition,whenourmindsarenotcloudedbynegativethoughtsoremotionsitiseasiertothinkclearly.____18____Studieshaveshownthatapersonwithgoodmentalhealthliveslongerandhasahigherqualityoflife.Theeffectsofpositivementalhealthonthebodyareplenty,includingreducingtheriskofdiseasesandimprovingoverallphysicalwell-being.Ourmentalstatehasasignificantimpactonrelationships.Peoplewithgoodmentalhealtharemorelikelytobekindandunderstanding.____19____Thismayfurtherguaranteethemwithastableemotionalcondition.Mentalhealthisasessentialasphysicalhealthinmaintainingafulfillinglife.Ifwerunintotrouble,don’tkeepittoyourself.____20____Withtherightsupport,wecanallenjoythebenefitsofahealthymind.A.Turntofriendsorfamilies.B.Theystronglyconnectwithothers.C.Physicalhealthhasbeenaproblem.DSowaystokeeppositivemustbefound.E.Andaclearmindcanhelpmakesmartchoices.F.Themindactuallyneedsasmuchcareasthebody.G.Mentalhealthisvitalforkeepingemotionalbalance.【答案】16.F17.G18.D19.B20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，說明了心理精神健康的重要性?！?6題詳解】前文“Mentalhealthisacriticalaspectofoverallwell-being,yetitisoftenignoredinourfast-pacedsociety.(心理健康是整體健康的一個重要方面，但在我們這個快節(jié)奏的社會中，它經(jīng)常被忽視)”表明我們經(jīng)常忽視心理健康，后文“Awell-caredandhealthymindleadstoimprovedemotions,betterrelationships,andamorepositiveoutlookonlife.(被精心照顧的和健康的心態(tài)會帶來更好的情緒，更好的人際關(guān)系和更積極的人生觀)”說明精神健康的重要性；F選項“實際上，心靈和身體一樣需要照顧”承上啟下，強(qiáng)調(diào)了精神心理健康的重要性。故選F項?！?7題詳解】空處為本段的主旨句，后文“Whenwearestressedorupset,itisourmind’swayofreactingtonegativestimuli(刺激).Goodmentalhealthallowsustocopewiththeseemotionsinapositivemanner.(當(dāng)我們感到壓力或沮喪時，這是我們的大腦對負(fù)面刺激的反應(yīng)方式。良好的心理健康使我們能夠以積極的方式應(yīng)對這些情緒)”表明心理健康能幫助我們積極處理負(fù)面情緒；G選項“心理健康對保持情緒平衡至關(guān)重要”表明心理健康對情緒平衡的作用，符合題意。故選G項?！?8題詳解】前文“Inaddition,whenourmindsarenotcloudedbynegativethoughtsoremotionsitiseasiertothinkclearly.(此外，當(dāng)我們的頭腦不被消極的想法或情緒所籠罩時，更容易清晰地思考)”表明沒有消極的想法或者情緒，我們能更容易思考；D選項“所以必須找到保持積極的方法”與前文承接自然，構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選D項?！?9題詳解】前文“Peoplewithgoodmentalhealtharemorelikelytobekindandunderstanding.(心理健康的人更有可能善良和善解人意)”表明心理健康的人的品質(zhì)，后文“Thismayfurtherguaranteethemwithastableemotionalcondition.(這可以進(jìn)一步保證他們有一個穩(wěn)定的情緒狀態(tài))”可知，空處表示心理健康人的品質(zhì)給他們帶來的好處進(jìn)一步讓他們有穩(wěn)定的情緒；B選項“他們與他人聯(lián)系緊密”為心理健康的人健康品質(zhì)下的優(yōu)勢，與后文語境相符。故選B項。【20題詳解】前文“Ifwerunintotrouble,don’tkeepittoyourself.(如果我們遇到麻煩，不要獨自承受)”表明如果遇到困難不要獨自面對；A選項“向朋友或家人求助”告訴我們應(yīng)如何處理，符合語境。故選A項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項?！癐severybodyready?”,theteacherasked.I____21____wasn’t.Itwastheearly1980sandIwasinmyhighschooltypingclass.Ihadtakenitasanelective____22____becausetheotheroption-Frenchlanguageseemedtoo____23____.Iwasnevergoodataforeignlanguage.NowIwishedIhadn’tpickedit.Myhandswere____24____andmyheartwasbeatingfast.Ihadthoughtwewouldjustbelearningtotouch-type,notbe____25____onspeedandaccuracy.Ifelttoonervoustotypeatahighspeed.“Handsonhomekeys.Eyesonbook,Ready?____26____!”saidtheteacher.Suddenlytheroomwasalivewithelectrictypewriters’keysbeinghit.Itriedmybestto____27____,butIfailed.Itwasclearthatbeinga____28____wasn’tinmyfuture.Ididn’tmakethatmanyerrors,____29____mytypingspeedwashorriblyslowandIknewIwasn’tgoingtogetagoodgrade.Ireally____30____takingthisclassafterstrugglingforsolongand____31____IcouldbelearningphrasesinFrenchinstead.Now43yearslater,Itakeitasmy____32____thatItookthatclassandlearnedhowtotouch-type.Ithashelpedmewritecountlessstoriesonmy____33____,writelettersfulloflovetosharewithmyfriendsandfamily,anddowhatIwasmeanttodointhislife.Ifeelso____34____.Thislifeisalongandwindingroad,wherewemeetdifferentpeople,learn____35____andsharelove.Maywehugthemallwithagratefulsoulandahappyheart.21.A.temporarily B.certainly C.nearly D.merely22.A.chance B.hobby C.course D.technique23.A.strange B.easy C.ordinary D.tough24.A.dancing B.moving C.shaking D.waving25.A.decided B.tested C.helped D.selected26.A.Go B.Stop C.Look D.Read27.A.runaway B.getround C.showoff D.keepup28.A.manager B.director C.secretary D.teacher29.A.so B.and C.for D.but30.A.regretted B.appreciated C.disliked D.admitted31.A.guessed B.predicted C.wished D.believed32.A.feel B.luck C.recall D.joke33.A.notebook B.desk C.study D.keyboard34.A.fresh B.thankful C.secure D.certain35.A.languages B.theories C.skills D.letters【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.C25.B26.A27.D28.C29.D30.A31.C32.B33.D34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。短文主要講述了作者在高中時學(xué)習(xí)打字課的經(jīng)歷。起初作者并不喜歡這門課程，覺得自己不擅長外語，因此選擇了打字課。在課堂上，作者感到緊張，無法跟上速度要求，最終以失敗告終。然而，43年后，作者意識到學(xué)會打字對自己的人生產(chǎn)生了積極影響，幫助他寫作無數(shù)故事，表達(dá)愛意，實現(xiàn)自己的使命。最后，作者表達(dá)了對生活的感恩之情，希望能夠與他人分享愛與知識?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我當(dāng)然沒準(zhǔn)備好。A.temporarily暫時地；B.certainly當(dāng)然；C.nearly幾乎；D.merely只是。根據(jù)后文“Ifelttoonervoustotypeatahighspeed.(我太緊張了，不能高速打字)”可是，作者并沒有準(zhǔn)備好，即當(dāng)然（certainly）沒準(zhǔn)備好。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我把它作為選修課，因為另一個選項——法語似乎太難了。A.chance機(jī)會；B.hobby愛好；C.course課程；D.technique技術(shù)。根據(jù)上文“Itwastheearly1980sandIwasinmyhighschooltypingclass.(那是20世紀(jì)80年代初，我正在上高中的打字課)”指打字課是選修課，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我把它作為選修課，因為另一個選項——法語似乎太難了。A.strange奇怪的；B.easy容易的；C.ordinary普通的；D.tough艱難的。根據(jù)下句“Iwasnevergoodataforeignlanguage.(我從來就不擅長外語)”可知對作者來說，選修法語似乎太難了，所以沒選。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的手在發(fā)抖，我的心臟跳得很快。A.dancing跳舞；B.moving移動；C.shaking搖晃，顫抖；D.waving揮舞。根據(jù)空后“andmyheartwasbeatingfast”可知作者因為緊張，手在發(fā)抖，心臟跳得很快。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我原以為我們只學(xué)習(xí)打字，而不是測試速度和準(zhǔn)確性。A.decided決定；B.tested測試；C.helped幫助；D.selected選擇。根據(jù)下句“Ifelttoonervoustotypeatahighspeed.(我太緊張了，不能高速打字)”可知作者原以為只是學(xué)習(xí)打字，而不是測試速度和準(zhǔn)確性。故選B。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“把手放在home鍵上。眼睛盯著書，準(zhǔn)備好了嗎？開始吧！”老師說。A.Go開始，去；B.Stop停止；C.Look看；D.Read讀書。根據(jù)常識以及后文“Suddenlytheroomwasalivewithelectrictypewriters’keysbeinghit.(突然間，房間里充滿了電子打字機(jī)的敲擊聲)”可知老師宣布測試開始了。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我盡力跟上，但失敗了。A.runaway跑開；B.getround四處走動；C.showoff炫耀；D.keepup跟上。根據(jù)前文“Ifelttoonervoustotypeatahighspeed.(我太緊張了，不能高速打字)”可知，作者盡力跟上，但失敗了。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：很明顯，當(dāng)秘書不是我的未來。A.manager經(jīng)理；B.director導(dǎo)演；C.secretary秘書；D.teacher老師。根據(jù)上句“butIfailed”可知作者打字速度跟不上，結(jié)合選項可知當(dāng)秘書需要打字，不是作者的未來。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我沒有犯那么多錯誤，但我的打字速度慢得可怕，我知道我不會得到一個好成績。A.so因此；B.and和；C.for為了；D.but但是。結(jié)合前后文語境可知為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞but。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在掙扎了這么久之后，我真的后悔選了這門課，我希望我能學(xué)習(xí)法語。A.regretted后悔；B.appreciated欣賞；C.disliked不喜歡；D.admitted承認(rèn)。根據(jù)后文“takingthisclassafterstrugglingforsolong”以及上文提到作者打字慢，可知作者后悔選了這門課，故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在掙扎了這么久之后，我真的后悔選了這門課，我希望我能學(xué)習(xí)法語。A.guessed猜測；B.predicted預(yù)測；C.wished希望；D.believed相信。根據(jù)后文“IcouldbelearningphrasesinFrenchinstead.”可知作者因為打字慢，不會得到一個好成績，于是后悔選了打字課，希望能學(xué)習(xí)法語。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：43年后的今天，我很幸運上了那門課，學(xué)會了如何打字。A.feel感覺；B