考點(diǎn)20易錯(cuò)題型（一）詞性轉(zhuǎn)換-2023年中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)（原卷版）

考點(diǎn)20易錯(cuò)題型（一）詞性轉(zhuǎn)換出題量最大，也是最難把握的方向——同詞根不同詞類之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換?？嫉南嗷マD(zhuǎn)換詞類有四種：名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞名詞動(dòng)詞、形容詞動(dòng)詞、形容詞名詞動(dòng)詞形容詞形容詞動(dòng)詞形容詞副詞副詞形容詞做這樣的轉(zhuǎn)換需要平時(shí)大量的積累，建立詞根詞綴的概念，多掌握常用的詞綴，靈活變通。最基本題型，必考方向——名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞名詞考察方向：1.復(fù)數(shù)代詞考察方向：1.賓格2.形容詞性、名詞性物主代詞轉(zhuǎn)換3.反身代詞可能出現(xiàn)數(shù)詞考察方向：1.基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞的拼寫(xiě)與互換2.分?jǐn)?shù)可能出現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)單題型，多練即可把握——比較級(jí)最高級(jí)需要掌握：1.比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化方式2.比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的辨識(shí)關(guān)鍵詞較難題型，多次轉(zhuǎn)換，反義理解有時(shí)候詞類之間需要越級(jí)變換，要仔細(xì)斟酌詞類間的修飾關(guān)系，確保答案的正確性。較難題目不僅會(huì)越級(jí)變換，還需要添加反義，這需要更耐心細(xì)致地解題，分析題意?？枷蛞?、解題技巧形容詞修飾名詞、代詞性成分；部分名詞也可以修飾名詞。動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞需要副詞修飾，副詞也可以修飾整句話。系動(dòng)詞后一般使用形容詞，連系動(dòng)詞后尤其需要注意添加形容詞，這點(diǎn)易和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用副詞修飾混淆。扎實(shí)掌握名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞的基本知識(shí)。注意做完需要通讀一下，檢查反義及動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)問(wèn)題。考向二、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換分類匯總1．動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞的常見(jiàn)方式1)“動(dòng)詞+ion”例如：pollute→pollution,invent→invention,discuss→discussion,decide→decision注意：review→revisionsolve→solution2)“動(dòng)詞去e+ation”例如：invite→invitation，organize→organization3)“動(dòng)詞+er”例如:work→worker,teach→teacher,write→writerspeak→speaker,run→runner,win→winner4)“動(dòng)詞+or"例如：invent→inventor,act→actor,visit→visitor,calculate→calculator5)“動(dòng)詞+ing"例如：build→building,begin→beginning,paint→painting,mean→meaning6)“動(dòng)詞十ment"例如：develop→development,amuse→amusement7)“動(dòng)詞十ress"例如：wait→waitress,act→actress8)“動(dòng)詞十a(chǎn)nce"例如：appear→appearance,perform→performance9)其他serve—service服務(wù)speak—speech演講fish—fisherman漁夫enter—entrance入口know—knowledge知識(shí)weigh—weight重量please—pleasure愉快choose—choice選擇tour—tourist游客die—death死亡succeed—success成功fly—flight航班memorize—memory記憶mix—mixture混合物cook—cook/cooker廚師/廚具save—safety安全act—activity活動(dòng)able—ability能力2．動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為形容詞的常見(jiàn)方式1)“動(dòng)詞+ive"例如：act→active,attract→attractive2)“動(dòng)詞+able"例如：change→changeable,enjoy→enjoyable3)“動(dòng)詞+ing"例如：excite→exciting,follow→following，freeze—freezing寒冷的/（frozen冷凍的）4)“動(dòng)詞+ed"例如：frighten→frightened,bore→bored5)“動(dòng)詞+ful"例如：forget→forgetful健忘的/unforgettable/forgettable難忘的/易忘的6)其他：例如：depend→independent，like→likely，break→broken，die→dead，live→alivePleasev.→pleasuren.→pleasant令人愉快的（指物）/pleased滿意的（指人）widen→wideenrich→richenable→able3．名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為形容詞的常見(jiàn)方式1)“名詞+ful"例如：care→careful,use→useful,power→powerful2)”名詞+less"例如：care→careless,home→homeless,help→helpless3)“名詞+ly"例如：friend→friendly,love→lovely4)“名詞+y"例如：sun→sunny,wind→windy,health→healthy,noise→noisy,luck→lucky,fun→funny5)“名詞+ing"例如：interest→interesting6)“名詞+n"例如：America→American,Australia→Australian7)“名詞+ern"例如：south→southern,north→northern8)“名詞+ous"例如：danger→dangerous9)“名詞+en"例如：wood→wooden,gold→golden,wool→woolen10)“名詞+al"例如：nation→national,education→educational,medicine→medical,nature→naturalchemistry→chemical,history→historical,physics→physical,tradition→traditional11)其他例如：office→officialfool→foolishforeigner→foreignwound→woundedelectricity電→electric電的→electrical與電有關(guān)的→electronic電子的4．形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞的常見(jiàn)方式1)“形容詞+y"例如：difficult→difficulty,honest→honesty2)“形容詞詞尾t改成ce"例如：different→difference,important→importance3)“形容詞+ness"例如：ill→illness,kind→kindness,sad→sadness,happy→happiness4)“形容詞+dom"例如：free→freedom,wise→wisdom5)其他例如：high→heightlong→lengthtrue→truthresponsible→responsibility5．形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為副詞的常見(jiàn)方式1)“形容詞+ly“例如：quiet→quietcareful→carefullymain→mainly2)“形容詞去y加ily“例如：easy→easilyheavy→heavilylucky→luckily3)“形容詞le結(jié)尾的，去e變y“例如：possible→possiblygentle→gentlyterrible→terrible4)“形容詞e結(jié)尾的，去e變ly“例如：true→truly(只有true特殊)nice→nicely5)“形容詞不變“例如：early早late晚hard難的；努力地fast快wide(寬的)/widely(廣泛的)6．名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞的常見(jiàn)方式例如：art→artistscience→scientistpiano→pianistcity→citizencustom→customerengine→engineerfriend→friendshipbusiness→businessmanlaw→lawyerlibrary→librarianmusic→musicianoffice→officer(職員)/official(官員)7．詞性轉(zhuǎn)換中前綴的使用例如：possible→impossible(polite,patient) tell→retell(build,write,use)healthy→unhealthy(happy,lucky,usual) honest→dishonest(advantage)regular→irregular rich→enrich(able) convenient→inconvenient(experienced/correct/direct/expensive/plete)8．國(guó)名——國(guó)籍例如：Australia—AustralianAmerica—AmericanCanada—CanadianBritain—BritishEngland—EnglishItaly—ItalianFrance—FrenchGermany—German(德國(guó)人復(fù)數(shù)Germans)China—ChineseJapan—JapaneseKorea—Korean1．Theactorandtheactressleft________aftertheperformanceyesterday.(direct)2．Withouthardwork,noonecanexpectto________indoinganythinggreat.(success)3．Tobeagoodteacher,beingpatientisa________requirement.(base)4．AboutonebillionpeoplespeakEnglishasanativeor________language.(two)5．Awide________ofactivitiesinthecampwillattractmorestudentsthisingholidays.(various)6．Thereisenough________forpeopletokeepvaluablethingsinthebank.(safe)7．Jenny’sinterestindrawing________esfromherartteacher.(main)8．Agooddetectivenevermakeshis________beforehehasgotenoughproofs.(decide)9．Aseriouscaraccident________(happen)inthisstreetlastSunday.10．I_________（sudden）rememberedthatIdidn’tbringmykey.11．Neitherhisparentsnorhe_________（like）lemonjuice.12．Themoviemade_________（they）feelenergetic.13．Let’sdrinktothe_________（friend）betweenus.14．Let’sseehow________wecankeepallthesenewwordsinourminds.(length)15．Theboyfelt________(disappoint)becausehisparentsforgothisbirthday.16．He’s________(luck)togetachancetostudyabroad.17．Everyoneinourschoolis________formakingtheschoolcampuscleanandpretty.(responsibility)18．Downloadthatapp.,andwecanfinda________oflanguagecoursesopentous.(various)19．Hefinally________（overe）hisfearofflyingandtookhisfirstflight.20．MissLeeisthemostpatientand________(care)teacherthatIhaveeverknown.21．Johnwasaskedtogiveaspeechinthe________（graduate）ceremony.22．Agoodteachercanencouragethestudents’________(creative).23．Thecartoonbringsjoyand________（happy）tomanychildren.24．Amyisa(n)________(usual)womanfromAmerica.Sheisafamousartistnow.25．Poetsandartistsoftendrawtheir________(inspire)fromnature.26．New________（method）ofteachingforeignlanguagesareusedinthisschool.27．Hi,everyone,let’sworkhard!Thefutureis________(we).28．Thestudentswillruntothedininghallassoonasthelunchbell________(ring).29．Iremembered________(see)themovie,butIforgotitsname.30．MissLeeisanextremely________(care)teacher.Shecaresabouteverystudent.31．Theoldmanthoughtto________（he）,“HowluckyIam!”32．A________(bank)isapersonwhoownsabankorhasanimportantjobinabank.33．Inhotsummerdays,manychildrenfeellike________(drink)coldwater.34．Thenursewas________(examine)herpatientwhenthetelephonerang.35．ShewenttoHollywoodtolookfor________(famous)andwealth.36．Lilymadeherlittlebrotherstop________（cry）.37．Hecan’tmakehimself________(understand)becauseofhispoorEnglish.38．Ithinkthestoryis_______(believe).Itmaybetrue.39．It’stoo_______(expect).Idon’tdaretobelievetheresult.40．—Idon’tlikemakingspeechesinpublic.It’sso_______(embarrass).—Iagreewithyou.41．The_______（discover）ofpowerplaysanimportantroleinsociety.42．Thestoryinthegameisnot________(believe).Youdon’thavetotakeitseriously.43．Agoodbeginningmakesagood________(end).44．Fewpeoplerealizedthe________(discover)wasimportant.45．Hemadeothersfeel________(embarrassing)byplayingtricksonthem.46．Therearenomorefishfor________(fisherman)tocatchintheriver.47．Weshouldstopusingthe________（wood）chopstickstoprotecttheforest.48．Allofthestudentsshouldtakepartin________(keep)ourschoolcleanandtidy.49．Thewoundedfishisswimmingintheriver.Itisstill________（live）.50．Itwaslate.Anngot________(dress)quicklyandrantothebusstopwithoutbreakfast.51．Theredwinemadeherfeel________(sleep).Shehasgonetobed.52．HaveyouheardfromyourpenpalfromtheUS________（late）?53．MyfatherandUncleWanghavebeengoodfriendsformanyyears,andtheir________(friend)isverystrong.54．Be________(thank)andhappyforthegiftsyoureceived.55．Weshouldmakesureourkidshavethe________(able)tomaketheirowndecisions.56．Myparentswillattendmy________(graduate)ceremonytomorrow.57．Attention,please.Ihaveanimportant________(announce)tomake.58．Theyoungmanis________(believe).Henevertellsalie.59．She________(overe)allkindsofdifficultiesandwontheOlympicgoldmedal.60．Theirteachingmethodsaremuchbetterthan________(our).61．TheUKisanold________(Europe)country,wheretherearemanypalacesandcastles.62．Idon’tlikeloudmusic.Itoftenmakesmefeel________(fortable).63．Theoldmanhasalotofwealth,butheisalwaysworriedabout________(lose)hismoney.64．Ifeellike______（dance）whenIlistentothemusic.65．Ialwaysfeelnervousbeforethefinal______（examine）.66．Wewillinsistonituntilshe________(change)he