考點20易錯題型（一）詞性轉(zhuǎn)換-2023年中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)（原卷版）

考點20易錯題型（一）詞性轉(zhuǎn)換出題量最大，也是最難把握的方向——同詞根不同詞類之間的相互轉(zhuǎn)換常考的相互轉(zhuǎn)換詞類有四種：名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞名詞動詞、形容詞動詞、形容詞名詞動詞形容詞形容詞動詞形容詞副詞副詞形容詞做這樣的轉(zhuǎn)換需要平時大量的積累，建立詞根詞綴的概念，多掌握常用的詞綴，靈活變通。最基本題型，必考方向——名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞名詞考察方向：1.復(fù)數(shù)代詞考察方向：1.賓格2.形容詞性、名詞性物主代詞轉(zhuǎn)換3.反身代詞可能出現(xiàn)數(shù)詞考察方向：1.基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞的拼寫與互換2.分?jǐn)?shù)可能出現(xiàn)簡單題型，多練即可把握——比較級最高級需要掌握：1.比較級和最高級的變化方式2.比較級和最高級的辨識關(guān)鍵詞較難題型，多次轉(zhuǎn)換，反義理解有時候詞類之間需要越級變換，要仔細(xì)斟酌詞類間的修飾關(guān)系，確保答案的正確性。較難題目不僅會越級變換，還需要添加反義，這需要更耐心細(xì)致地解題，分析題意。考向一、解題技巧形容詞修飾名詞、代詞性成分；部分名詞也可以修飾名詞。動詞、形容詞、副詞需要副詞修飾，副詞也可以修飾整句話。系動詞后一般使用形容詞，連系動詞后尤其需要注意添加形容詞，這點易和實義動詞用副詞修飾混淆。扎實掌握名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞的基本知識。注意做完需要通讀一下，檢查反義及動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)問題?？枷蚨⒃~性轉(zhuǎn)換分類匯總1．動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞的常見方式1)“動詞+ion”例如：pollute→pollution,invent→invention,discuss→discussion,decide→decision注意：review→revisionsolve→solution2)“動詞去e+ation”例如：invite→invitation，organize→organization3)“動詞+er”例如:work→worker,teach→teacher,write→writerspeak→speaker,run→runner,win→winner4)“動詞+or"例如：invent→inventor,act→actor,visit→visitor,calculate→calculator5)“動詞+ing"例如：build→building,begin→beginning,paint→painting,mean→meaning6)“動詞十ment"例如：develop→development,amuse→amusement7)“動詞十ress"例如：wait→waitress,act→actress8)“動詞十a(chǎn)nce"例如：appear→appearance,perform→performance9)其他serve—service服務(wù)speak—speech演講fish—fisherman漁夫enter—entrance入口know—knowledge知識weigh—weight重量please—pleasure愉快choose—choice選擇tour—tourist游客die—death死亡succeed—success成功fly—flight航班memorize—memory記憶mix—mixture混合物cook—cook/cooker廚師/廚具save—safety安全act—activity活動able—ability能力2．動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為形容詞的常見方式1)“動詞+ive"例如：act→active,attract→attractive2)“動詞+able"例如：change→changeable,enjoy→enjoyable3)“動詞+ing"例如：excite→exciting,follow→following，freeze—freezing寒冷的/（frozen冷凍的）4)“動詞+ed"例如：frighten→frightened,bore→bored5)“動詞+ful"例如：forget→forgetful健忘的/unforgettable/forgettable難忘的/易忘的6)其他：例如：depend→independent，like→likely，break→broken，die→dead，live→alivePleasev.→pleasuren.→pleasant令人愉快的（指物）/pleased滿意的（指人）widen→wideenrich→richenable→able3．名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為形容詞的常見方式1)“名詞+ful"例如：care→careful,use→useful,power→powerful2)”名詞+less"例如：care→careless,home→homeless,help→helpless3)“名詞+ly"例如：friend→friendly,love→lovely4)“名詞+y"例如：sun→sunny,wind→windy,health→healthy,noise→noisy,luck→lucky,fun→funny5)“名詞+ing"例如：interest→interesting6)“名詞+n"例如：America→American,Australia→Australian7)“名詞+ern"例如：south→southern,north→northern8)“名詞+ous"例如：danger→dangerous9)“名詞+en"例如：wood→wooden,gold→golden,wool→woolen10)“名詞+al"例如：nation→national,education→educational,medicine→medical,nature→naturalchemistry→chemical,history→historical,physics→physical,tradition→traditional11)其他例如：office→officialfool→foolishforeigner→foreignwound→woundedelectricity電→electric電的→electrical與電有關(guān)的→electronic電子的4．形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞的常見方式1)“形容詞+y"例如：difficult→difficulty,honest→honesty2)“形容詞詞尾t改成ce"例如：different→difference,important→importance3)“形容詞+ness"例如：ill→illness,kind→kindness,sad→sadness,happy→happiness4)“形容詞+dom"例如：free→freedom,wise→wisdom5)其他例如：high→heightlong→lengthtrue→truthresponsible→responsibility5．形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為副詞的常見方式1)“形容詞+ly“例如：quiet→quietcareful→carefullymain→mainly2)“形容詞去y加ily“例如：easy→easilyheavy→heavilylucky→luckily3)“形容詞le結(jié)尾的，去e變y“例如：possible→possiblygentle→gentlyterrible→terrible4)“形容詞e結(jié)尾的，去e變ly“例如：true→truly(只有true特殊)nice→nicely5)“形容詞不變“例如：early早late晚hard難的；努力地fast快wide(寬的)/widely(廣泛的)6．名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞的常見方式例如：art→artistscience→scientistpiano→pianistcity→citizencustom→customerengine→engineerfriend→friendshipbusiness→businessmanlaw→lawyerlibrary→librarianmusic→musicianoffice→officer(職員)/official(官員)7．詞性轉(zhuǎn)換中前綴的使用例如：possible→impossible(polite,patient) tell→retell(build,write,use)healthy→unhealthy(happy,lucky,usual) honest→dishonest(advantage)regular→irregular rich→enrich(able) convenient→inconvenient(experienced/correct/direct/expensive/plete)8．國名——國籍例如：Australia—AustralianAmerica—AmericanCanada—CanadianBritain—BritishEngland—EnglishItaly—ItalianFrance—FrenchGermany—German(德國人復(fù)數(shù)Germans)China—ChineseJapan—JapaneseKorea—Korean1．Theactorandtheactressleft________aftertheperformanceyesterday.(direct)2．Withouthardwork,noonecanexpectto________indoinganythinggreat.(success)3．Tobeagoodteacher,beingpatientisa________requirement.(base)4．AboutonebillionpeoplespeakEnglishasanativeor________language.(two)5．Awide________ofactivitiesinthecampwillattractmorestudentsthisingholidays.(various)6．Thereisenough________forpeopletokeepvaluablethingsinthebank.(safe)7．Jenny’sinterestindrawing________esfromherartteacher.(main)8．Agooddetectivenevermakeshis________beforehehasgotenoughproofs.(decide)9．Aseriouscaraccident________(happen)inthisstreetlastSunday.10．I_________（sudden）rememberedthatIdidn’tbringmykey.11．Neitherhisparentsnorhe_________（like）lemonjuice.12．Themoviemade_________（they）feelenergetic.13．Let’sdrinktothe_________（friend）betweenus.14．Let’sseehow________wecankeepallthesenewwordsinourminds.(length)15．Theboyfelt________(disappoint)becausehisparentsforgothisbirthday.16．He’s________(luck)togetachancetostudyabroad.17．Everyoneinourschoolis________formakingtheschoolcampuscleanandpretty.(responsibility)18．Downloadthatapp.,andwecanfinda________oflanguagecoursesopentous.(various)19．Hefinally________（overe）hisfearofflyingandtookhisfirstflight.20．MissLeeisthemostpatientand________(care)teacherthatIhaveeverknown.21．Johnwasaskedtogiveaspeechinthe________（graduate）ceremony.22．Agoodteachercanencouragethestudents’________(creative).23．Thecartoonbringsjoyand________（happy）tomanychildren.24．Amyisa(n)________(usual)womanfromAmerica.Sheisafamousartistnow.25．Poetsandartistsoftendrawtheir________(inspire)fromnature.26．New________（method）ofteachingforeignlanguagesareusedinthisschool.27．Hi,everyone,let’sworkhard!Thefutureis________(we).28．Thestudentswillruntothedininghallassoonasthelunchbell________(ring).29．Iremembered________(see)themovie,butIforgotitsname.30．MissLeeisanextremely________(care)teacher.Shecaresabouteverystudent.31．Theoldmanthoughtto________（he）,“HowluckyIam!”32．A________(bank)isapersonwhoownsabankorhasanimportantjobinabank.33．Inhotsummerdays,manychildrenfeellike________(drink)coldwater.34．Thenursewas________(examine)herpatientwhenthetelephonerang.35．ShewenttoHollywoodtolookfor________(famous)andwealth.36．Lilymadeherlittlebrotherstop________（cry）.37．Hecan’tmakehimself________(understand)becauseofhispoorEnglish.38．Ithinkthestoryis_______(believe).Itmaybetrue.39．It’stoo_______(expect).Idon’tdaretobelievetheresult.40．—Idon’tlikemakingspeechesinpublic.It’sso_______(embarrass).—Iagreewithyou.41．The_______（discover）ofpowerplaysanimportantroleinsociety.42．Thestoryinthegameisnot________(believe).Youdon’thavetotakeitseriously.43．Agoodbeginningmakesagood________(end).44．Fewpeoplerealizedthe________(discover)wasimportant.45．Hemadeothersfeel________(embarrassing)byplayingtricksonthem.46．Therearenomorefishfor________(fisherman)tocatchintheriver.47．Weshouldstopusingthe________（wood）chopstickstoprotecttheforest.48．Allofthestudentsshouldtakepartin________(keep)ourschoolcleanandtidy.49．Thewoundedfishisswimmingintheriver.Itisstill________（live）.50．Itwaslate.Anngot________(dress)quicklyandrantothebusstopwithoutbreakfast.51．Theredwinemadeherfeel________(sleep).Shehasgonetobed.52．HaveyouheardfromyourpenpalfromtheUS________（late）?53．MyfatherandUncleWanghavebeengoodfriendsformanyyears,andtheir________(friend)isverystrong.54．Be________(thank)andhappyforthegiftsyoureceived.55．Weshouldmakesureourkidshavethe________(able)tomaketheirowndecisions.56．Myparentswillattendmy________(graduate)ceremonytomorrow.57．Attention,please.Ihaveanimportant________(announce)tomake.58．Theyoungmanis________(believe).Henevertellsalie.59．She________(overe)allkindsofdifficultiesandwontheOlympicgoldmedal.60．Theirteachingmethodsaremuchbetterthan________(our).61．TheUKisanold________(Europe)country,wheretherearemanypalacesandcastles.62．Idon’tlikeloudmusic.Itoftenmakesmefeel________(fortable).63．Theoldmanhasalotofwealth,butheisalwaysworriedabout________(lose)hismoney.64．Ifeellike______（dance）whenIlistentothemusic.65．Ialwaysfeelnervousbeforethefinal______（examine）.66．Wewillinsistonituntilshe________(change)he