2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit2MoralsandVirtues學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量檢測作業(yè)含解析新人教版必修第三冊

PAGEUnit2MoralsandVirtuesUnit2學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量檢測選擇題部分第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whencanthebookbeborrowedfromthelibrary？__C__A．InJune. B．InJuly. C．InOctober.2．Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace？__B__A．Athome. B．Inahotel. C．Inalibrary.3．Whydidthewomanapologize？__A__A．Shemadealatedelivery.B．Shewenttothewrongplace.C．Shecouldn’ttakethecakeback.4．Whowantedtoborrowthecamera？__C__A．Mary. B．Jane. C．Alice.5．Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout？__A__A．Payingfortickets.B．Repairingmachines.C．Changingnotes.其次節(jié)(共15小題；每題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．WhydoesthemangotoLA？__C__A．Towork.B．Totravel.C．Tomeethisfriends.7．Whenwillthemansetoff？__B__A．At100pm. B．At200pm. C．At300pm.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whatarethespeakersdoing？__B__A．Decoratingaroom.B．Rearrangingaroom.C．Movinghouse.9．Whatwillthespeakersmovefirst？__B__A．Thebed.B．Thelamps.C．Thebedsidetables.10．Whatdoesthemansuggestdoinglatertoday？__A__A．Buyingsomepaint.B．Cookingameal.C．Paintingtheroom.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisseasidetrip？__A__A．Interesting. B．Boring. C．Justso-so.12．Whatwasthebiggestpartofthetrip？__C__A．Takingphotosatthefalls.B．Havingthepicnic.C．Swimminginthesea.13．Whendidthemangotoswiminthesea？__B__A．Today. B．Yesterday. C．Lastweek.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14．Whatdoesthemanhavetroublewith？__A__A．Hisjob. B．Hisstudy. C．Hisfriends.15．Howmanypeoplearethereworkingontheprojectinall？__B__A．Five. B．Six. C．Eleven.16．Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemanshoulddo？__C__A．Askothersforadvice.B．Workhardontheproject.C．Stepupasateamleader.17．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout？__C__A．Leadership. B．Friendship. C．Teamwork.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．Howmanyanimalsarementionedinthepassage？__C__A．Three. B．Four. C．Six.19．Whereisthelionfrom？__C__A．India.B．SichuanC．SouthAfrica.20．Whosehouseisnexttothetiger’s？__C__A．Theelephant’s. B．Thepanda’s. C．Thelion’s.聽力原文Text1W：Thatfamouswriter’snewbookiscomingoutinJuneorJuly.M：Weprobablywon’tbeabletofindalibrarycopyuntilafterSeptember.Text2M：Excuseme,couldyoushowmehowtousemykeycard?W：Yes，sure.Youneedtoputyourcardinthehole.Thenwaitforgreenlightandturnthehandle.Text3W：I’msorry,thecakeislate.We’lldobetternexttime,Ipromise.M：Well,I’msorrytoo.Youhavetotakeitback.Thebirthdaypartyisoverandwedon’tneedthecakeanymore.Text4W：Hi,couldyoulendmethedigitalcamera,David?M：Hi,Alice.I’dliketo,butitbelongstoJane.Text5W：Excuseme.CanIusenotestobuyticketsonthemachine?M：Yes.Someticketmachinestakebothnotesandcoins.Text6W：Iheardyou’regoingtoLAtonight.M：Yes.I’mhavingadinnerpartywithmyfriendsthere.W：Well,youmaynotknowthis,butbecauseit’sChristmastomorrow,everybodygetsoffworkearlytodaysothattheycangobackhomeearly.Startingat3pm,trafficusuallybecomesbumpertobumper.M：Oh,Ididn’tknowthat.Well,I’llleaveearliertodaythen.Say200pm.W：Thatwouldbemyadvice.Ifyoudon’thaveanyimportantthingstodealwith,leaveasearlyaspossible.Text7W：Couldyougivemeahand?I’dliketorearrangemybedroom.Iliketomovethingsaroundonceayearforachange.M：OK.Whatshallwedofirst?W：Let’stakethebedapartandmoveitoutofthebedroom.M：Willitfitthroughthedoor?W：Itshould.Ididitlastyear,remember?M：Right.Howaboutthelamps?Maybeweshouldmovethemfirst,sotheydon’tbreak.W：Goodthinking.Thenweshouldmovethebedsidetablessincetheyaresmall.M：OK.Uptoyou.YoutakeoneandI’lltaketheother.W：Youknow,Ithinkmaybeit’stimetopaintthesewalls.Theylookprettydirty.M：Don’tworry.Itwon’ttakelong.Doyouthinkweshouldgotothepaintstorelatertoday?W：OK.Thenwecanhavedinnertogetherattherestaurantnearby.Text8W：Well,howdidyouenjoyyourseasidetrip?M：Itwasfun,Itellyou.W：Tellmeaboutit,willyou?M：Well,wedrovethroughthevalleyonourwaythereinthemorning.Itwasawonderfulsight!W：Didyoustopatthefallsforsomepictures?M：Sure,wewouldn’tmissthatforanything.Afterthat,wetookashortcuttothepark.Therewasverylittletraffic,sowegotthereinlessthananhour.W：Youwereluckythen.M：Yeah,wespentthewholemorningunderthetalltrees.Wehadourpicnicthere,too.W：Whatdidyoudoafterthat?M：Wewentforaswiminthesea.Thatwasthebiggestpartoftheday.W：Soyoumusthavehadabusyandenjoyabledayyesterday.M：Yes,youareright.AndIwassotiredoutthatIfellasleeponthewayback.Mymusclesarestillstifffromtheswimyesterday.Text9M：Iamhavingtroublewithmyjob.W：Whatistheproblem?M：Ihavebeenaskedtoworkwithfiveotherpeopleonaproject,butnooneisworkingtogetheronit.W：Soyourgroupishavingaproblemwithteamwork.M：Yes,andIdon’tknowwhattodowithit.W：Whenisyourprojectdue?M：Wehavetofinishituntilnextweek.W：Isthereanyonewhoisinchargeoftheteam?M：No,everyoneisjustdoingtheirownseparateworkonit.W：Ifyourgroupdoesnothavealeader,thenyoushouldstepupandbetheleader.M：HowdoIdothat?W：Youshouldcalleveryonetogetherforameetingsotheyareallinoneplace.M：AndthenwhatshouldIdowhenIhavethemalltogether?W：Letthemknowthatthisprojectisimportant,andsoisworkingasateamtogetitdone.M：Iwillaskthemwhattheyhavedonesofar.W：Thatisagoodidea.Text10W：ThereisazooinWuhan.Therearealotofanimalsinthezoo.TheelephantisfromIndia,anditisverybig.Manypeopleliketoseeitbecauseithasalongnose.ThepandaisfromSichuanProvince.Itisveryshy.Sopleasebeveryquiet.Itsfavoriteisbamboo.ThetigercomesfromtheChangbaiMountain.Ithasaverybighouse.ThelionisfromSouthAfrica.Anditshouseisnexttothetiger’s.ManyblackbearsfromNorthChinaareverylazy.Therearealsolotsofdogs,somearebeautiful,butsomeofthemarekindofugly.Manyboysandgirls,menandwomenoftencometothezooandwatchtheanimalsonweekends.Itisreallyagoodplacetohavefun.其次部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A(2024·內(nèi)蒙古鄂爾多斯第一中學(xué)高一期中)WhenJohnny,ahomelessman,spenthislast$20,hewasn’tlookingatitasaninvestment—butit’sabouttopayhimhugeprofits.Afterhehelpedawomanwhoranoutofgas,shereturnedthefavorbyraisingalotmoreontheInternet.KateMcClure,27,wasdrivingtovisitafriendwhensheranoutofgashalfway.“Hesawmepulloverandknewsomethingwaswrong，”shewrote.“Hetoldmetogetbackinthecarandlockthedoors.Afewminuteslater,hecamebackwitharedgascan,usinghislast20dollarstomakesureIcouldgethomesafe.”Shecouldn’trepayhimatthattimebecauseshehadnocashwithher.“Ihavebeenstoppingbyhisspotforthepastfewweeks.Irepaidhimforthegasandgavehimsomeclothes.”Katedecidedtodomoreforhim,soshestartedacrowdfunding(眾籌)campaignonGoFoundMe.com,anditquicklygainedfarbeyonditsinitial$10,000goal.Whenitreached$100,000,thefundraisingpagewasshutdownforatimeatJohnny’srequest.Becausehedidn’twanttoseemlikehewastakingadvantageofthesituation.Finally,Katesaidthatsherestarteditbecausethepublicinteresthadnotdecreased.ShealsoaddedthatJohnnyplannedtodonatetheresttoagoodcause.AccordingtoNewYorkPost,Johnnywantstogetajobatatechcompany’swarehouseandadepartmentmanagerfromthecompanyhasalreadyreachedout,sayinghewantstohelpJohnny.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了一位流浪漢掏出自己最終的20美元幫助一位女士，而這位女士心懷感恩，籌款幫助他的故事。21．WhatdidJohnnydowithhis$20？__A__A．HeboughtKatesomegas.B．HeboughtKateacanoffood.C．HeboughtKatesomeclothes.D．HerentedacarforKatetovisitherfriend.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段中“Afewminuteslater,becamebackwitharedgascan,usinghislast20dollarstomakesureIcouldgethomesafe.”可知，約翰尼用他最終的20美元給凱特買汽油。22．Whywasthefundraisingpageclosedforatime？__D__A．Peoplehadnomoreinterestindonation.B．Katewastoobusytomakeeffortsforit.C．Thegoaltoraise$10,000hadbeenachieved.D．Johnnywasunwillingtobeconsideredgreedy.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章倒數(shù)其次段的“Whenitreached$100,000,thefundraisingpagewasshutdownforatimeatJohnny’srequest.Becausehedidn’twanttoseemlikehewastakingadvantageofthesituation.”可知，當(dāng)捐款達(dá)到10萬美元時(shí)，捐獻(xiàn)頁面應(yīng)約翰尼的要求關(guān)閉了一段時(shí)間。因?yàn)樗幌胱屓擞X得他是在利用形勢，讓人感覺很貪欲。23．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJohnny？__C__A．Homelessandhopeless. B．Luckyandpopular.C．Kindandhelpful. D．Honestandstrict.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段中“Afewminuteslater,hecamebackwitharedgascan,usinghislast20dollarstomakesureIcouldgethomesafe.”和第四段中“ShealsoaddedthatJohnnyplannedtodonatetheresttoagoodcause.”可知約翰尼用他僅有的20美元幫凱特買汽油并且準(zhǔn)備把剩下的錢捐給慈善事業(yè)。由此推斷出約翰尼是和善和樂于助人的。24．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusfromthetext？__C__A．Practicemakesperfect.B．Wellbegunishalfdone.C．Dogoodandgoodwillcometoyou.D．Littleinvestmentsproducehugeprofits.解析：推理推斷題。文章講解并描述了一位流浪漢掏出自己最終的20美元幫助一位女士，而這位女士心懷感恩，籌款幫助他的故事，由此可以推斷出，作者想要通過此文告知我們：Dogoodandgoodwillcometoyou.(善有善報(bào))。B(2024·湖北天門、潛江、應(yīng)城高一期中)Adayinthelifeof18-year-oldDavidLansterisfullofteenageactivities:school,baseballpractice,homework.Andthenhestartscooking.“SomenightsI’mupuntil1a．m.makingpies,orevenlaterifwe’recookingbeef,”saidthestudentatRansomEvergladesHighSchoolinFlorida,US.Forthepastyear,LansterandKellyMoran,hisclassmate,havebeenhostingfancydinnerpartiesatLanster’sparents’home.Theirmealshave17coursesandareallmadebythem.Theirguestsusedtogivethemgiftstothankthem,untilthepairdecidedtodosomethingniceforcharity.“WegotsomereallygreatMiamiHeattickets,anicewatch,andmanykitchenmachines,”Lanstersaid.“Butwewantedtomakethissomethingpositiveforpeopleratherthanus.”LansterandMoranfocusedonCommonThreads,acharity(慈善機(jī)構(gòu))thathelpstoteachkidsinpoorneighborhoodtocookandmakehealthyeatingchoices.Theyoungcooksasktheirgueststogivehowevermuchtheywantaspaymentfortheirmeals.ItallgoestoCommonThreadsbecauseLanster’sparentscovertheirfoodcosts.Aftertheirlast12-personevent,LansterandMorangave$1,600tothecharity.Now,they’retakingtheirshowoutofthekitchenandontheroad.LansterandMoranhavestartedtoorganizeprivatedinnerpartiesinasimilarway:thehostpaysfortheingredients(食材),andtheguestsmakeadonation(捐贈)toacharity.Outsidethekitchen,thetwoarebusypreparingtheircollegeapplications.Neitherissurewhattheywilldointhefuture,butthey’vepromisedtheirparentsthatthey’llleavecookingaloneuntiltheyfinishhighschool.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了Lanster和KellyMoran熱衷于廚藝，并以舉辦私人晚宴的方式來為慈善團(tuán)體籌款的故事。25．WhydoesLansterandMorancooknow？__B__A．Togetgiftsfromguests.B．Toraisemoneyforcharity.C．Tobecomecooks.D．Tomakehealthiereatingchoices.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“LansterandMoranfocusedonCommonThreads,acharitythathelpstoteachkidsinpoorneighborhoodtocookandmakehealthyeatingchoices.”可知，蘭斯特和莫蘭現(xiàn)在做飯是為慈善事業(yè)籌款。26．WhatcanweinferaboutLansterandMoran？__D__A．Theywillgiveupcookingforever.B．Theyaresureabouttheirfuturejobs.C．Theirparentssupportcookingasajob.D．Theywillstopcookingforcollegeapplication.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段可推斷，為了申請高校，他們將不再做飯了。27．HowcanwebestdescribeLansterandMoran？__B__A．Selfishandreliable. B．Creativeandhelpful.C．Confidentandcareful. D．Outgoingandpatient.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段中“Theirmealshave17coursesandareallmadebythem.Theirguestsusedtogivethemgiftstothankthem,untilthepairdecidedtodosomethingniceforcharity.”可知，他們很有創(chuàng)建性而且也樂于幫助別人。C(2024·河北邯鄲高一期末)AKenyanteacherwhogaveawaymostofhismonthlysalary(工資)topoorpeoplehaswona$1-millionGlobalTeacherPrize.In2024,PeterTabichicametoKerikoMixedDaySecondarySchool,apublicschool,inafarawayKenya’sriftvalley.TheschoolhadjustasinglecomputerandhadproblemsconnectingtotheInternet.Ithadnolibraryorlaboratory.Tomakemattersworse,thestudentscamefrompoorfamilieswherebasicslikefoodandclothingwerehardtocomeby.Whilethesedifficultieswouldhavecausedmostpeopletoleavequickly,Tabichistayed.Realizingthatstarvingkidsmakeforpoorstudents,theteacherbeganusingasmuchas80percentofhismonthlysalarytobuyfoodandlearningobjectsforthem.Hesetupascienceclubtogetkidsinterestedinthetopic.“Ourlaboratorydoesnothaveeverything,butIencouragethemtothinkwiderandusewhatwecangetlocally.”Tabichiandotherfourteachersregularlyvisitlowachieving,at-risk,studentsattheirhomestoprovideone-on-onehelpandtounderstandthedifficultiesthesechildrenfacedaily.Tabichialsoencouragesparentstoallowgirlstocontinuetheirhigh-schooleducation.Tabichi’seffortshavemadeadifference.Schoolregistration(注冊)hasmorethandoubledtoalmost400nowsincehecame.In2024,16ofthe59graduatingstudentswenttocollege,whilein2024,thenumberroseto26.In2024,fivestudentsqualified(有資格)fortheIntelISEF(InternationalScienceandEngineeringFair).Thisyear,twootherstudentswillcompeteinthe2024IntelISEFtobeheldinPhoenix,Theteacher,however,oweshissuccesstohisstudents,saying,“Iamonlyherebecauseofwhatmystudentshaveachieved.Thisprizegivesthemachance.Ittellstheworldthattheycandoanything.”Aswouldbeexpected,Tabichiplanstospendtheprizemoneyonhisschoolcommunityandtofeedthepoor.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文?？夏醽喞蠋烶eterTabichi資助貧困學(xué)生完成學(xué)業(yè)，并致力于非洲科學(xué)教化，他因此榮獲2024年“全球老師獎”和100萬美元的獎金。28．Whatisthetextmainlyabout？__B__A．AschoollocatedinaKenya’sriftvalleybecamefamous.B．AKenyanteacherhelpingpoorstudentswonGlobalTeacherPrize.C．AKenyanteacherhelpedgirlstocontinuetheirhighschooleducation.D．FiveKenyanstudentsqualifiedfortheIntelISEFfortheirperformance.解析：主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段的“AKenyanteacherwhogaveawaymostofhismonthlysalarytopoorpeoplehaswona$1-millionGlobalTeacherPrize.”及全文的內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講解并描述肯尼亞老師PeterTabichi資助貧困學(xué)生完成學(xué)業(yè)，并致力于非洲科學(xué)教化，從而榮獲2024年“全球老師獎”的故事。29．WhatcanweknowaboutKerikoMixedDaySecondarySchool？__D__A．Ithaddozensofteachers.B．Itwasinthecenterofacity.C．Itownedamodernlab.D．Itwasinpoorcondition.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段的“TheschoolhadjustasinglecomputerandhadproblemsconnectingtotheInternet.Ithadnolibraryorlaboratory...”可知，學(xué)校只有一臺電腦，因特網(wǎng)的連接也有問題，也沒有圖書館或試驗(yàn)室。由此推斷這所學(xué)校條件很差。30．WhichwordcanbeusedtodescribePeterTabichi？__C__A．Honest. B．Wealthy.C．Kind. D．Humorous.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段的“...theteacherbeganusingasmuchas80percentofhismonthlysalarytobuyfoodandlearningobjectsforthem.”可知，他把工資的80%拿出來資助貧困學(xué)生，據(jù)此可以推斷PeterTabichi為人和善，樂善好施。31．WhichistheclosestnumberofstudentswhenPeterTabichibeganteachingthere？__B__A．90. B．190.C．290. D．390.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段的“Schoolregistrationhasmorethandoubledtoalmost400nowsincehecame.”可知，目前學(xué)校注冊人數(shù)翻了一番，達(dá)到了將近400人，可見當(dāng)PeterTabichi初次來到這所學(xué)校時(shí)，學(xué)生人數(shù)約為200人。DBarbaraMcClintockwasoneofthemostimportantscientistsofthetwentiethcentury.Shemadeimportantdiscoveriesaboutgenesandchromosomes(染色體)．BarbaraMcClintockwasbornin1902inHartford,Connecticut.HerfamilymovedtotheBrooklynareaofNewYorkCityin1908.Barbarawasanactivechildwithinterestsinsportsandmusic.Shealsodevelopedaninterestinscience.ShestudiedscienceatCornellUniversityinIthaca,NewYork.Barbarawasamongasmallnumberofundergraduatestudentstoreceivetrainingingeneticsin1921.Yearslater,shenotedthatfewcollegestudentswantedtostudygenetics.BarbaraMcClintockdecidedtostudybotany,thescientificstudyofplants,atCornellUniversity.Shecompletedherundergraduatestudiesin1923.McClintockdecidedtocontinuehereducationatCornell.ShecompletedaMaster’sdegreein1925.Twoyearslater,shefinishedallherrequirementsforadoctorate.McClintockstayedatCornellaftershecompletedhereducation.Shetaughtstudentsbotany.The1930swasnotagoodtimetobeayoungscientistintheUnitedStates.ThecountrywasinthemiddleoftheGreatDepression.MillionsofAmericanswereunemployed.Malescientistswereofferedjobs.Butfemalegeneticistswerenotmuchindemand.AnoldfriendfromCornell,MarcusMortonRhoades,invitedMcClintocktospendthesummerof1941workingattheColdSpringHarbourLaboratory.ItwasaresearchcentreonLongIsland,nearNewYorkCity.McClintockstartedinatemporaryjobwiththegeneticsdepartment.Ashorttimelater,sheacceptedapermanentpositioninthelaboratory.Thisgaveherthefreedomtocontinueherresearchwithouthavingtoteachorrepeatedlyaskforfinancialaid.Bythe1970s,herdiscoverieshavehadaneffectoneverythingfromgeneticengineeringtocancerresearch.McClintockwontheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinein1983forherdiscoveryoftheabilityofgenestochangepositionsonchromosomes.ShewasthefirstAmericanwomantowinanunsharedNobelPrize.文章大意：本文主要介紹了聞名的女科學(xué)家芭芭拉·麥克林托克，她在基因和染色體方面取得了重大成就。32．WhendidMcClintockgetadoctoratedegree？__D__A．In1921. B．In1923.C．In1925. D．In1927.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段最終兩句“ShecompletedaMaster’sdegreein1925.Twoyearslater,shefinishedallherrequirementsforadoctorate.”可知，麥克林托克是在1927年取得博士學(xué)位的。33．InthemiddleoftheGreatDepressionintheUS,__B__.A．malegeneticistswereingreatdemandB．youngscientistsmighthavetroublefindingajobC．femalegeneticistswerenotindemandatallD．malescientistslosttheirjobsandwereoutofwork解析：推理推斷題。由第五段第三句“The1930swasnotagoodtimetobeayoungscientistintheUnitedStates.”可推出年輕的科學(xué)家在大蕭條時(shí)期很難找到工作。A、C兩項(xiàng)的說法與原文意思不符，故不能選。由第五段倒數(shù)其次句“Malescientistswereofferedjobs.”可知D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。34．WhichofthefollowingjobswasbeneficialtoMcClintock’sresearch？__C__A．Ajobasabotanyteacher.B．Atemporaryjobinthegeneticsdepartment.C．Apermanentpositioninthelaboratory.D．Ajobtoresearchcancer.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)其次段最終兩句“Ashorttimelater,sheacceptedapermanentpositioninthelaboratory.Thisgaveherthefreedomtocontinueherresearchwithouthavingtoteachorrepeatedlyaskforfinancialaid.”可知，在試驗(yàn)室的一個(gè)終身職位對她的探討是有幫助的。35．WhywasMcClintockawardedaNobelPrize？__C__A．Becauseshereceivedadegreeingenesandchromosomes.B．Becauseshecontributedtogeneticengineeringandcancerresearch.C．Becauseshemadeimportantdiscoveriesaboutgenesandchromosomes.D．BecauseshewasthefirstAmericanwomanwhostudiedgenesandchromosomes.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由最終一段其次句“McClintockwontheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinein1983forherdiscoveryoftheabilityofgenestochangepositionsonchromosomes.”可知由于她在基因與染色體方面的發(fā)覺，她獲得了諾貝爾獎。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。FourEverydayThingsHurtingYourHealthYoureverydaybehaviorsmaybeholdingyouback.However,perhapsyoudon’tevenknowit.__36.F__，aswellassomeexpertadviceonwhattodoinstead.__37.B__Itcanalsodecreaseyourbrain’sabilitytofunction,thusresultinginpoorperformanceatworkandlongerreactiontimebehindthewheel.Expertsrecommendpracticingarelaxingbedtimeroutineliketakingabath,cuttingdownoncaffeineandalcohol.Anothertrickistosticktoaconsistentsleepschedule.Studieshaveshownthatsittingforextendedperiodscanhavesignificantnegativeimpactsonphysicalandmentalhealth.Youdon’thavetorunamarathontogetactive,though.Worksmallexerciseintoyourday,likestandingduringTVadvertisementsorparkingyourcarfarawayfromanentrance.__38.A__Isituneasytolockyourcellphoneawayforasolid60minutes?Socialmediaisn’thelping,either.Expertsrecommenddeletingsocialmediaappsorhidingthem.__39.G__，andmakingapointofdoingsomethingtogroundyouinthepresentmomenteachday.Intoday’scompetitivesociety,it’shumannaturetotakeonasmanytasksaspossible.Butcontinuousresponsibilityandrushingfromonejobtothenextisabadhabitthatcanleadtoeventualburnout.__40.E__，especiallythosethatyouhavenotimetoaccept.A．ThesmallcanmakeahugedifferenceB．BadsleepcanleadtoavarietyofharmsC．Goodeducationbackgroundisn’thelpingD．Thismeanspracticingtheartofsaying“yes”E．ExpertssuggestpolitelyturningdowninvitationsF．BeawareofsomehabitswithanegativeimpactonyourhealthG．Theyalsosuggestchargingyourphoneoutsideofyourbedroom文章大意：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四件損害你健康的日常事情，并給出了專家的建議。解析：36．下文的“aswellassomeexpertadviceonwhattodoinstead.”以及一些專家建議，知此處為并列關(guān)系。本句主要介紹了一些對健康有負(fù)面影響的習(xí)慣和專家給的建議。故選F項(xiàng)。37．下文“Expertsrecommendpracticingarelaxingbedtimeroutineliketakingabath,cuttingdownoncaffeineandalcohol.Anothertrickistosticktoaconsistentsleepschedule.”專家建議，養(yǎng)成放松的睡前習(xí)慣，比如洗澡、削減咖啡因和酒精的攝入。另一個(gè)訣竅是堅(jiān)持一貫的睡眠安排?？蓪＜业慕ㄗh都是關(guān)于睡眠的。即此段主要講睡眠不好會導(dǎo)致各種損害。故選B項(xiàng)。38．依據(jù)前文可知，長時(shí)間坐著會對身心健康產(chǎn)生顯著的負(fù)面影響。不過，不必通過像馬拉松一樣高強(qiáng)度熬煉來改善，每天做一些小運(yùn)動即可。A選項(xiàng)中的Thesmall即指的是smallexercise。故選A項(xiàng)。39．段首“Isituneasytolockyourcellphoneawayforasolid60minutes？”把你的手機(jī)鎖在外面整整60分鐘會不會不舒適？與G選項(xiàng)專家的建議：在臥房外給手機(jī)充電相呼應(yīng)，故選G項(xiàng)。40．E下文“especiallythosethatyouhavenotimetoaccept.”特殊是那些你沒有時(shí)間接受的邀請。這是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。你沒有時(shí)間接受的邀請，專家的建議當(dāng)然是拒絕。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Myfatheronceworkedforabigcompany.However,whenIwasoneyearoldhe__41.A__hisjobandthenourfamilygotintoadifficultsituation.Wewere__42.D__，sowesoldourhouse.Thenwehadtolivewithmygrandmother,thoughshedidn’tlikekidsatall.Shenever__43.C__.ButIwasveryhappywithmyparents.Myfatherwasskilledatmakingthings.Iwasalso__44.D__andhadatalentfordesigning.Wedidn’thavemoneytobuy__45.C__sowemadeourown.Iputtwotyrestogethertomakeahorse.Ilearnedalotaboutgravity(重力)becauseI__46.A__manytimes.By10,IknewIwantedtobecomea(n)__47.D__，buttheydidn’ttakewomeninengineeringschool,soIwenttoanotherschooland__48.C__in1945.ThenIwasvery__49.B__tobeacceptedbythearmy’strainingprogramme.Ilearnedalotthere.In1966,I__50.A__servingthearmy.Ibegantoworkwithchildrenwithlearningproblems.Iwantedtodevelopsomethingthatwouldhelpthem.Luckily,I__51.C__.Itriedtoretirefivetimesbutitneverworked.In1997,Iwentbacktoschooltolearndrawing,whichwas__52.B__formyinventions.OnaTVprogrammein2015,IsawDavidKelley,thefounderofthedesignfirmIDEO.WhenIrealizedhe__53.C__peoplefromdifferentbackgrounds,Ithought,“Ihavespeciallifeexperiencesanddesigningskills.Icouldbeof__54.A__tohisfirm.”ItypedalettertoKelleyandquickly,Igota__55.B__thatIwasaccepted.Iwas85.文章大意：本文是一篇記敘文。作者介紹了自己的成長和工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。作者是一名女性，一生都在為自己的幻想努力，在85歲的時(shí)候還被聞名設(shè)計(jì)師DavidKelley的公司錄用。41．A．lost B．tookC．missed D．changed解析：句意：然而，當(dāng)我一歲的時(shí)候，他失去了工作，然后我們的家庭陷入了逆境。lose失去；take拿走；miss錯(cuò)過，惦念；change變更。故選A。42．A．inorder B．inpeaceC．indanger D．indebt解析：句意：我們負(fù)債累累，所以我們賣掉了房子。inorder井然有序的；inpeace在和平中；indanger在危急中；indebt負(fù)債。故選D。43．A．a(chǎn)pologized B．performedC．smiled D．worked解析：由前文說奶奶不寵愛孩子，可知此處指她從來不笑。apologize致歉；perform執(zhí)行，表演；smile微笑；work工作。故選C。44．A．sensitive B．strictC．pretty D．creative解析：句意：我也有創(chuàng)建力并具有設(shè)計(jì)的天賦。sensitive敏感的；strict嚴(yán)格的；pretty漂亮的；creative有創(chuàng)建力的。故選D。45．A．clothes B．booksC．toys D．foods解析：依據(jù)后文“Iputtwotyrestogethertomakeahorse.”可知，我們沒有錢買玩具，所以我們自己做玩具。clothes衣服；book書；toy玩具；food食品。故選C。46．A．felloff B．gaveinC．lookedup D．turnedback解析：句意：我學(xué)到了許多關(guān)于重力的學(xué)問，因?yàn)槲宜は聛碓S多次。falloff從……摔下來；givein屈服；lookup(抬頭)向上看，查閱；turnback往回走。故選A。47．A．doctor B．soldierC．dancer D．inventor解析：句意：到10歲時(shí)，我知道我想成為一名獨(dú)創(chuàng)家，但工程學(xué)院不接收女生，所以我去了另一所學(xué)校，并于1945年畢業(yè)。doctor醫(yī)生；soldier士兵；dancer舞者；inventor獨(dú)創(chuàng)家。故選D。48．A．started B．returnedC．graduated D．a(chǎn)rrived解析：解析參考上一題。start起先；return歸還，返回；graduate畢業(yè)；arrive到達(dá)。故選C。49．A．a(chǎn)fraid B．luckyC．brave D．clever解析：句意：然后我很幸運(yùn)地被軍隊(duì)的訓(xùn)練項(xiàng)目所接受。afraid膽怯 的；lucky幸運(yùn)的；brave英勇的；clever聰慧的。故選B。50．A．finished B．enjoyedC．escaped D．kept解析：句意：1966年，我完成了軍隊(duì)的服役。finish完成；enjoy寵愛；escape逃脫；keep保持。故選A。51．A．left B．a(chǎn)greedC．succeeded D．stopped解析：句意：很幸運(yùn)，我勝利了。leave離開；agree同意；succeed勝利；stop停止。故選C。52．A．famous B．helpfulC．fit D．ready解析：句意：在1997年，我回到學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)繪畫，這對我的獨(dú)創(chuàng)有幫助。famous聞名的；helpful有幫助的；fit合適的；ready有準(zhǔn)備的。故選B。53．A．persuaded B．recognizedC．a(chǎn)ccepted D．doubted解析：句意：當(dāng)我意識到他接受來自不同背景的人時(shí)，我想，我有特殊的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)和設(shè)計(jì)技巧，我對他的公司很有價(jià)值。persuade勸告；recognize意識到；accept接受；doubt懷疑。故選C。54．A．value B．importanceC．interest D．health解析：解析參考上一題。value價(jià)值；importance重要性；interest愛好；health健康。故選A。55．A．choice B．replyC．gift D．reward解析：句意：我給凱利發(fā)了一封信，很快，我得到了答復(fù)，我被錄用了。我已經(jīng)85歲了。choice選擇；reply答復(fù)；gift禮物；reward嘉獎。故選B。非選擇題部分其次節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀短文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Whatwassupposedtobe__56.a__funclimbbecameatestoffriendshipfortwoyoungpeoplefromCanadalastSaturday.JeremySavageandIanMarshall,bothaged17,went__57.camping__(camp)withtheirparentsfortheweekend.OnSaturdaymorning,theydecidedtoclimbthemountainbythemselveswhiletheirparentsrelaxedatthecampsite.Afterthreehours,theyreachedthetop__58.with__noproblems.However,troublebeganwhentheystartedtoclimbdownthemountain.Ononevery__59.dangerous__(danger)partofthepath,Ianfellthreemetresoffthesideofthepath.JeremywasabletoclimbdowntowhereIanwas.Ianwas__60.badly__(bad)injuredandcouldnotmove.Theyhadtowaitand__61.hoped__(hope)thatsomeonewouldcomeandhelpthem.Astheeveninggrew__62.darker__(dark),IantoldJeremytoleavehimandgobacktotheirparents,buthestilldidnotleave.Jeremythought__63.it__wasnotsafeforIantobealone.Thenightwascoldandwindy,andJeremyusedhisjacketandextrashirttokeepIanwarm.Atsunrise,Jeremydecidedthattheonlyway__64.tohelp__(help)hisfriendwastocarryhim.Sotheystartedthelongclimbbacktotheirparents.Finally,afterfourhours,theyarrivedatthecampsite__65.where__theirparentswerewaiting.“I’llalwaysrememberwhatJeremydidforme，”saidIan.“Hesavedmylife.”文章大意：來自加拿大的兩個(gè)年輕人把一次歡樂的攀登變成了一次友情的測試。解析：56．此處指一次歡樂的攀登，表泛指，故填a。57．gocamping“野營”，是固定搭配。58．with意為“有，具有”，此處指沒有困難。59．形容詞修飾名詞，故填dangerous。60．副詞修飾injured，故填badly。61．此處與hadto是并列謂語，用一般過去時(shí)，故填hoped。62．分析語境可知此處用比較級，故填darker。63．此處it用作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的動詞不定式，故填it。64．thewaytodosth.做某事的方法。此處是動詞不定式作后置定語，故填tohelp。65．此處thecampsite作先行詞，關(guān)系副詞在后面的定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故填where。第四部分：寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)：應(yīng)用