專題20.主旨大意題推理判斷題解題技巧（專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練）

專題20.主旨大意題+推理判斷題解題技巧（專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練）【基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)|模擬訓(xùn)練】(2022舟山定海模擬,D)Unlessyoudon’tlikecookies,you’llpicktheplatewiththreecookiesinsteadoftwo.Beingabletotellmorefromlessisoneofthemostbasicmathtalents.Andit’sonethatasurprisingnumberofanimalshave.Arobin(知更鳥)willpickthepieceofwoodwithmoremealworms.Asalamander(蠑螈)willpicktheboxwithmorefruitflies.Animalswillevenpickmoreofsomethingwhenitmeanstheygetlessinall.Horses,forexample,willgoforthreetinyapplesovertwomuchlargerones.Butanimalsdonothavemathclasses—whywouldtheyneedtocount?Beingabletoknowthelargeroftwogroupsisusefultoanimalsinlotsofways.Ithelpsthempickthetreewithmorefood,orruntothelargergroupoffriendsforprotection.Forexample,ifasharkes,afishinagroupof40islesslikelytobeelunchthanafishinagroupof10.Soifafishmakesadecisionbetweentwogroups,it’sbettertojointhelargerone.Manyanimalscanalsodoasimpleformofcounting,findingouthowmanythingsthereare.Evenanimalswedon’tusuallythinkofassmartcantellthedifferencebetweenone,two,andthree.Fishandhoneybeescanbetrainedtogetthroughamaze(迷宮)bychoosingturnsmarkedbyacertainnumberofdots(點(diǎn))—tofindthewayout,theyhavetocount.Someanimals,includingpigeons,parrots,crows,andmice,cancountmuchhigherthanthree.Apigeon(鴿子)canlearntopeck(啄)apieceofwood24times—nomore,noless—togetatreat.Itcanevenrememberitsplaceandcontinuecountingifstopped.1.Paragraph2and3aremainlyabouttheanimals’abilityto.

A.peckwood24times B.getthroughamazeC.tellmorefromless D.doasimpleformofcounting2.HowistheabilitytotellmorefromlessusefultoanimalsaccordingtoParagraph5?①Ithelpsthemgetmorefood. ②Ithelpsthemmakemorefriends.③Ithelpsthemstaysafefromdanger.④Ithelpsthemgetmorelunch.A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④3.Fromtheexampleofthepigeoninthelastparagraph,wecaninfer(推斷)that.

A.pigeonscanonlycountuptothreeB.pigeonslearntopeckwoodfortreatsC.pigeonscancontinuepeckingwhenstoppedD.pigeonsaremuchsmarterthanwethink4.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.whysomeanimalsaregoodatcountingB.howanimalsdeveloptheirbasicmathtalentsC.animals’abilitytocountandremembernumbersD.thedifferenceinthemathtalentsbetweenhumansandanimals答案語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了動(dòng)物們記憶數(shù)字和數(shù)數(shù)的能力。1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二、三段講述了知更鳥、蠑螈和馬的例子。根據(jù)Beingabletotellmorefromlessisoneofthemostbasicmathtalents.可知?jiǎng)游锟梢耘袛鄶?shù)量的多和少,故選C。2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ithelpsthempickthetreewithmorefood,orruntothelargergroupoffriendsforprotection.”可知區(qū)分多與少的能力能夠幫助它們得到更多食物,并保護(hù)它們的安全,故選B。3.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章可知一只鴿子可以學(xué)會(huì)啄一塊木頭不多不少24次來(lái)獲得食物;它甚至能記住啄的位置,如果停止了還能繼續(xù)計(jì)數(shù);由此可推斷鴿子比我們想象的聰明得多,故選D。4.C主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了動(dòng)物計(jì)算和記憶數(shù)字的能力,故選C。(2022臺(tái)州模擬,C)OnaSunday,acaterpillar(毛毛蟲)isborn.ItissohungrythatiteatsanappleonMonday.Stillhungry,iteatstwopearsonTuesday,threeplumsonThursday,fourstrawberriesonFridayandfiveorangesonSaturday.Aftereatingmorefood,itfinallyturnsintoabutterfly.Thisisthestoryofthechildren’spicturebookTheVeryHungryCaterpillar(《好餓的毛毛蟲》).Thebook’sauthorandillustrator(插畫家)EricCarlepassedawayat91onMay23,2021.Carlecreatedmorethan70children’spicturebookswhichsoldmorethan120millioncopies,accordingtoTheNewYorkTimes.TheVeryHungryCaterpillar,Carle’smostpopularbook,hassold40millioncopiesandbeentranslatedinto60languages.Besidesansweringthequestionofwherebutterfliesefrom,italsoteacheschildrenaboutdifferentkindsoffood,aswellashowtocount.EricCarldidn’tstartworkingonchildren’sbooksuntilhewasnearly40.GrowingupinNewYork,Carlspentalotofhischildhoodwithhisfather,whowouldtakehimoutwalkinginnature.Thankstohisfather,Carlwasintroducedtothewondersofnature.“Andhewouldshowmebugsandbeesandantsandexplaintheirlivestome.Itwasalovingrelationship,”Carlesaid.Theseanimalsbecamethecharactersinhisbooks.“Theunknownoftenbringsfearwithit,”CarletoldInsider.“Inmybooks,Itrytooverethefear,tofaceitwithanactivemessage.”Inhisownwords,TheVeryHungryCaterpillaris“abookofhope”.“▲,”hesaid.“Youlittleinsignificant(無(wú)足輕重的)caterpillarcangrowupintoabeautifulbutterflyandflyintotheworldwithyourtalent.”

1.HowmanycopiesofTheVeryHungryCaterpillarweresold?A.120million. B.70million. C.60million. D.40million.2.Howdoesthewriterstarthispassage?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bylistingreasons.C.Bytellingastory. D.Byparingfacts.3.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttofillin“▲”inParagraph6?

A.Ilovechildren B.ChildrenneedhopeC.It’swonderfultobeabutterfly D.Mybookismeaningful4.What’sthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.TodescribethecharactersinEricCarle’sbooks.B.Toencouragekidstoenjoythebeautifulnature.C.Toexplaintheimportanceofhavingalovingfather.D.Tointroducethegreatwriterofchildren’spicturebooks.答案語(yǔ)篇解讀：這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了兒童插畫作家EricCarle和他的故事。1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知這本書賣出了四千萬(wàn)冊(cè)。故選D。2.C寫作手法題。本文第一段作者用《好餓的毛毛蟲》的故事引出了它的創(chuàng)作者EricCarle,故選C。3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句可知,作者希望通過(guò)《好餓的毛毛蟲》這本充滿希望的故事,來(lái)告知讀者也要懷著希望去努力,故選B。4.D推理判斷題。通過(guò)全文內(nèi)容可知本文在介紹一位偉大的兒童繪本作者,故選D。(2022臺(tái)州模擬,D)Haveyoueverbeeninatrickysituationwhenyoudidn’tknowwhattodo?Lifecanbefullofchallenges:startinganewschool,gettingalongwithyourclassmatesornotdoingaswellasyouhadhopedinatest.Everyonefacesdifficulties,butitdoesn’tmatter.Bylearningtobemoreresilient(有復(fù)原力的),youcandealwithlife’supsanddownsmoreeasily.Whatisresilience?Resiliencecanmeanbouncing(反彈)backfromadifficultexperience,tryingyourbesttodoeverythingorstayingstronginside.Itissomethingyoulearnasyougrow.Themorechallengesyouovere,themoreresilientyouwillbenexttime.ClareBalding,anauthor,believesresiliencehelpsyougrowstronger,braver,kinderandhappier.Shesays,“Therearealwaystimeswhenwemakeamess,saythewrongthingandwishwecouldputitright.Thebestwayislearninghowtopickyourselfupandkeepgoing.”Whydoesresiliencematter?Resilienceislikehavingsuperpower.Ithelpsyoutakehealthyrisks,liketryinganewsportorauditioning(試演)fortheschoolplay.Itcanmakeyoumorecuriousandconfident.Resiliencealsomakesiteasiertoacceptdifficultfeelings.Whenbadthingshappen,it’snaturaltofeelupsetorworried.Beingresilienthelpsyoutounderstandthatyouhaven’tfailedordoneanythingwrong.Itcanhelpyouturntheexperienceintosomethingyoucanlearnfrom.HowcanIbemoreresilient?Healthyrelationshipswithfamily,friendsandpetshelptobuildresilience.Sharingyourworriesisalsoimportant.Whenthingsarenotgoingwell,trytofocusonyourgoodqualitiesandstaypositive.Rememberatimewhenyouovercamefearornervestoachievesomethingandyoufeltproudofyourself.Sleepisalsoagreatwaytolowerstress.Whenthingsdon’tworkoutwell,trygettingsomegoodsleepfirst.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tricky”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Crazy.B.Helpless.C.Difficult.D.Funny.2.Whichofthefollowingishelpfulforbuildingresilience?①Talkingaboutyourworrieswithothers.②Pastsuccessfulexperienceinsolvingproblems.③Gettingsomegoodsleepwhenthingsgowell.④Healthyrelationshipswithyourfamilyandfriends.A.①②③B.②③④C.①③④D.①②④3.Accordingtothepassage,whoismoreresilient?A.Jimmycannotacceptthemistakehehasmadeandisveryupset.B.Andythinkshewillneversucceedafteranaccidenthappened.C.Judyfeelsworseaboutherselfwhensheknowsshecan’tpassthetest.D.Careybeesbraverandstrongeralthoughshehasfallenmanytimes.4.Thebesttitleforthepassagecanprobablybe.

A.RisingtothechallengeB.BeingproudofyourselfC.Nomoredifficulties D.Lifefullofchallenges答案語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一種品質(zhì)——復(fù)原力(resilience)。1.C詞義猜測(cè)題。通過(guò)“Lifecanbefullofchallenges”可知trickysituation與challenges意思相近,故tricky與difficult意思相近,故選C。2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Whenthingsdon’tworkoutwell,trygettingsomegoodsleepfirst.”可知當(dāng)事情沒那么順利的時(shí)候可以先好好睡一覺。故③是錯(cuò)誤的,故選D。3.D推理判斷題。通過(guò)作者對(duì)resilience的介紹可知其意為“不屈不撓,有韌性”,是一種積極向上的良好品質(zhì)。比較四個(gè)人可知“雖然Carey失敗過(guò)很多次,但她變得更加勇敢和堅(jiān)強(qiáng)?！狈蟫esilience所描述的品質(zhì),故選D。4.A標(biāo)題歸納題。文章介紹了resilience這一良好品質(zhì),就是面對(duì)困難和挑戰(zhàn),不屈不撓,勇敢面對(duì),并積極去解決問(wèn)題。因此選A“應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)”。(2022杭州錢塘一模,D)Onewayyoucantellifananimalissleepingisbystudyingitsbrainwaves.Whenhumanbeingsorothermammals(哺乳動(dòng)物)fallasleep,thepatternoftheirbrainwaveschanges.However,mammalshavedifferentbrainsthanfish.Humansandothermammalshaveplex(復(fù)雜的)brains.Afish’sbrainismuchlessplexthanamammal’sbrain.Afish’sbrainwavesdon’tchangewhenthefishisasleep.Thismeansthatwecan’ttellifafishissleepingbylookingatitsbrainwaves.Althoughfishmaynotsleeplikepeople,theydorest.Onewaytotellifafishisrestingistowatchwhatitisdoing.Mostfishwillslowdownwhentheyareresting.Ifyouhaveeverhadapetfish,youmighthavenoticedthatitwillrestnearthebottomofthetankforafewhourseverynight.Whenthefishrests,itmakesverysmallmovementstokeepitselfinoneplace.Anotherwaytotellifafishisrestingistowatchhowitreacts(反應(yīng))tothingsthathappentoit.Whenafishisresting,itwillreactmuchmoreslowly.In2007,agroupofscientistsstudiedthesleepinghabitsofzebrafish.Theygavethezebrafishmild(溫和的)electricshockswhentheywerefullyawakeandwhiletheywereresting.Ifyouhaveapetfishathome,youcantryasimilarexperiment.Trygivingyourfishsomefoodwhenitisresting.Itshouldtakemuchlongerforthefishtonoticethatthereisfoodinitstankthanitdoeswhenthefishisfullyawake.1.Whathappenstotheirbrainwaveswhenfishareresting?A.Theirbrainwavesstaythesame. B.Theirbrainwavesbeelessplex.C.Theirbrainwavesdiedown. D.Theirbrainwaveschangedifferently.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph3referto?A.People.B.Mammals.C.Fish.D.Brainwaves.3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Fishusuallymovequicklywhentheyareresting.B.Fishwillreactmoreslowlywhentheyareresting.C.Fishprefertostayatthebottomofthetankallday.D.Fishusuallystopmovingwhentheyareresting.4.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.DoFishSleepatNight? B.FunFactsofFish.C.HowtoKnowifaFishIsResting? D.SleepingHabitsofFish.答案語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了判斷魚類是否睡眠的方法。1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Afish’sbrainwavesdon’tchangewhenthefishisasleep.”可知當(dāng)魚睡覺時(shí),腦電波不會(huì)有變化,故選A。2.C代詞指代題。分析“Althoughfishmaynotsleeplikepeople,theydorest.”可知,魚雖然不會(huì)像人一樣睡覺,但它們還是會(huì)休息的,故they指魚,故選C。3.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Mostfishwillslowdownwhentheyareresting.”可知A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)第四段中“Whenafishisresting,itwillreactmuchmoreslowly.”可知,當(dāng)魚休息時(shí),它的反應(yīng)會(huì)慢得多。B項(xiàng)正確;根據(jù)第三段中“youmighthavenoticedthatitwillrestnearthebottomofthetankforafewhourseverynight”可知C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)第三段中“Whenthefishrests,itmakesverysmallmovementstokeepitselfinoneplace.”可知D項(xiàng)錯(cuò);故選B。4.C標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要介紹了魚的休息方式和如何判斷它們是否在休息,故選C。(2022杭州蕭山寧圍一模,D)Whenwasthelasttimeyousentsomeonealetterbypost?ThankstothespeedandconvenienceofusingtheInternet,sendinge?mailsratherthanmailinglettersusingthepostalsystem—isthepreferredmeansofmunicationformanypeople.Inasurveyofover2,000youngpeopledonebythee?mailproviderMSNHotmail,aroundhalfsaidtheysendthank?younotesbye?mail,notpost.Besidessendingmorepersonale?mails,youngpeopleenteringtheworkingworldtodayfindthemselvessendingandreplyingtohundredsofbusinessrelatede?mailseveryweek.However,manyofthesesameyoungpeopleseemtobeunknownofsomebasicruleswhenitestosendinge?mailsatwork.Mostofthepeopleinthesurveysaidtheydidn’tchecktheirspellingbeforehitting“send”.Evenmoresurprising,oneintwentyofthemsaidtheysometimessende?mailstotheirbosswiththewords“l(fā)oveandkisses”!Whilethisisfineforpersonalmessagestofriendsandlovedones,itisnormallynotproperinaworkplace.Themainreasonforthisuseofinformallanguageinbusinessrelatede?mailsisthatalotofyoungpeoplehavealwaysmunicatedwithothersontheInternet—especiallyusinge?mail—inarelaxingandfriendlymanner.Formany,onlinemunicationoutsideofworkincludestalkingwithothersinchatrooms,postingonmessageboardsandsendinge?mailstofriends—allforfun.Anotherreasonisthatsomeyoungpeoplenowareunfamiliarwithhowtowriteformalletters,becausetheyhaveneverhadtowriteaformalletterbefore.Theyhavehadnotraininginhowtowriteabasicbusinessletter,anddon’tknowthestyleandlanguagethatshould,andshouldnotbeused.WithmorebusinesswritingnowbeingusedontheInternetthaneverbefore,itisimportantforpeopletobetoldthedifferencesinlanguageusebetweenpersonalandbusinessmunication—especiallywhenusinge?mails.Sothenexttimeyousendane?mailattheoffice,rememberyouarenotjustonline,youareatwork.1.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructure(結(jié)構(gòu))ofthepassage?(P=Paragraph)ABCD2.Whatcanwelearnfromthesurvey?A.Mostyoungpeopleinthesurveyuseletterstomunicateduringwork.B.About1,000youngpeopleshowtheirthanksthroughe?mails.C.Youngpeopleinthesurveysendhundredsofpersonale?mailseveryweek.D.Nooneamongtheyoungpeopleintheworkingworldchoosetopostletters.3.WhatdomostyoungpeopleNOTdoforonlinemunicationoutsideofwork?A.Posingnewsonmessageboards.B.Talkingwithothersinchatrooms.C.Sendinge?mailstoclosefriends.D.Writingbusinessletterstotheirbosses.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.NoE?mailsintheWorkplaceB.RapidDevelopmentoftheOnlinemunicationC.FormalLetterWriting:ADyingArtD.MoreTraininginHowtoWriteBusinessLetters答案語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章就年輕一代的職場(chǎng)人士寫郵件中出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題展開討論并分析了其中的原因。1.A文章結(jié)構(gòu)題。第一段主要講述電子郵件的使用率;第二段主要講述了年輕人使用電子郵件的現(xiàn)狀,第一段和第二段為并列關(guān)系,引出話題;第三段針對(duì)第一、二段的現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行剖析,提出問(wèn)題;第四段和第五段說(shuō)明第三段所指出問(wèn)題的兩個(gè)原因,兩個(gè)段落是并列關(guān)系,分析問(wèn)題;最后一段進(jìn)行總結(jié),提醒大家注意個(gè)人和商務(wù)交流中語(yǔ)言的使用。故選A。2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。A項(xiàng)中不是用信件進(jìn)行交流,而是用電子郵件,因此A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)第二段第一句可知,約1,000人通過(guò)電子郵件的方式發(fā)感謝信,B項(xiàng)正確;C項(xiàng)中personal錯(cuò)誤,應(yīng)為businessrelatede?mail,因此C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;D項(xiàng)中“沒有人”寄信是錯(cuò)誤的。因此選B。3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句可知,選項(xiàng)D不包括在工作之外的線上交流中,故選D。4.C標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Whenwasthelasttimeyousentsomeonealetterbypost?”并結(jié)合全文其他內(nèi)容可知,這篇文章以當(dāng)今的年輕人很少寫正式的書信的現(xiàn)象為切入點(diǎn),進(jìn)而分析了原因。這篇文章最好的題目是“正式書信寫作:一種即將消亡的藝術(shù)”。故選C。(2022寧波,C)Katie’sfatherwasattheairportwaitingtomeether.Shewasgoingtospendaweekwithhim,andusuallyshereallyenjoyedtheirvisits.Butthistimewasdifferent:herdadwasgettingmarried,andKatiewasn’tatallsureifshelikedtheidea.Onthewayfromtheairporttoherdad’shouse,Katiealmostkeptsilent.Finally,herdadasked,“Doyouwanttotalkaboutit,Katie?”Foramoment,Katiesatsilently.Thenshesaid,“I’msorry,Dad.Ijustdon’tthinkIwantyoutogetmarried.”“IthoughtyoulikedCelia,”Katie’sdadsaid.“IdolikeCelia,”Katieanswered.“It’snotthatatall.Ijustdon’tknowifIwantherforastepmother—that’stotallydifferent.”“Itreallyisdifferent,”herdadagreed.“ButIhopeyou’llgettolikehavingCeliaasastepmother.Shelikesyoualot,youknow,andI’llbetMeganwill,too.”“Who’sMegan?”Katieasked.Shehadn’theardthatnamebefore.“She’sCelia’sdaughter,”herdadreplied.“Sheisyourage,actually,somaybeyou’llevenhavesomethinginmon.”AfterdroppingKatie’sluggage(行李)offatherdad’shouse,KatieandherdadwenttomeetCeliaandMeganatarestaurant.Theyweregoingtohavedinnertogether.Whentheygottotherestaurant,CeliaandMeganwerealreadythere.CeliaintroducedMegantoKatie.Atfirst,Katiedidn’tknowwhattosaytoMegan.Butthen,Megansaid,“Mom,don’tforgetIhaveswimmingpracticetomorrow.”“Youliketoswim?”Katieaskedhopefully.“Iloveit—I’monourschoolswimmingteam,”Meganansweredexcitedly.“Doyouswim?”“Ilovetoswim,too,”Katiesaidwithasmile.MaybehavingCeliaasastepmotherwasn’tgoingtobesobadafterall.1.HowdidKatiefeelaboutherdad’sgettingmarriedatthebeginningofthestory?A.Unhappy.B.Excited.C.Shocked.D.Agreeable.2.HowdidKatie’sdadknowthatKatiehadsomethingonhermind?A.Katieshoutedatherdad. B.Katiewouldn’tgetinthecarwithherdad.C.Katiedidn’tsayverymuch.D.Katietoldherdadshewasangrywithhim.3.Theunderlinedword“She”refersto.

A.KatieB.Megan C.Katie’smother D.Megan’smother4.WhichsentenceinthepassageletsthereaderknowthatKatiewouldendupbeinghappy?A.“I’msorry,Dad.” B.“Ihaveswimmingpracticetomorrow.”C.“IdolikeCelia.” D.“...astepmotherwasn’tgoingtobesobadafterall.”答案語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Katie的爸爸要再婚,這對(duì)Katie來(lái)說(shuō)難以接受。沒有想到的是繼母還有一個(gè)與她年齡相仿的女兒,這又會(huì)給Katie帶來(lái)什么樣的沖擊呢?主題語(yǔ)境屬于“人與社會(huì)”范疇中“社會(huì)服務(wù)與人際溝通”這一主題群,涉及子主題“和諧家庭與社區(qū)生活”。1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句可知,爸爸的再婚使Katie很不開心,故選A。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知,Katie的沉默不語(yǔ)讓爸爸讀出了她內(nèi)心的不悅,故選C。3.B代詞指代題。根據(jù)上文Katie問(wèn)Who’sMegan?和爸爸回答說(shuō)She’sCelia’sdaughter,并補(bǔ)充說(shuō)Sheisyourage可知,這里Megan、Celia’sdaughter和She指代的是同一個(gè)人,故選B。4.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)Atfirst,Katiedidn’tknowwhattosaytoMegan.可推斷彼時(shí)的Katie還很不安;而她聽到Megan要去練游泳時(shí),根據(jù)Katieaskedhopefully可知她心中燃起了一絲希望;所以當(dāng)兩個(gè)女孩了解到對(duì)方有游泳這一共同的愛好,并且Katie感受到了Megan的熱情時(shí),她臉上有了笑容,那時(shí)才開始覺得Celia當(dāng)她的繼母也不錯(cuò)。因此可以從MaybehavingCeliaasastepmotherwasn’tgoingtobesobadafterall.推斷出Katie最終會(huì)感到開心。(2022溫州,D)HearingthatErinwasingforthesilverwedding(婚禮)party,Mr.Joeandhiswifegotworried.“Erinthethief!”saidMr.Joetohiswife.“Anythingsmallerthanatable,andmoreexpensivethanpaper,wouldfinallybefoundinhisbag.”“He’ssuretoeforthepresentswe’vereceived,”addedMrs.Joe.“Wecan’thidethemall.Howcanwedealwithhim?”“Wemustkeepaneyeonhim,”saidMr.Joe.AssoonasErinarrived,thecouplestartedtokeepasharplookout.Afterdinner,thethreetalkednervouslyfromoneboringtopictoanotherinthelivingroom.Suddenly,Erinasked,“You’vegotsomanypresents.CanItakealookatthoseprettysilkscarves?”“Onlyit’sannoyingtohavesevenofthem,”Mr.Joeblurted.Erinstudiedthescarvescarefully,lostinthought.Thecouplegotmoreanxious.AfterErinwentforsleep,Mrs.Joecountedthepresentsimmediately.“I’mnotsureifwe’velostanything,”shedoubted.“Hemusthavetakensomething,”claimedMr.Joeangrily.“Theawfulpighasn’tbroughtusapresent.Howdarehetakeanythingfromus?”“Let’sgothroughhisbaglateatnight,”Mrs.Joesuggested.Thesearchwasashortone.Theyfoundasilkscarfcarefullyplacedinthebag.Mrs.Joequicklypickeditupandputitintoherpocket.Thenextmorning,Erinwaslateforbreakfast.“Something’sbeentakenoutofmybag,”hesaid.“ItwasapresentIhadpreparedforyoursilverwedding,onlyithappenedtobeascarf.Youseemedannoyedathavingsomany,soIthoughtI’dgetitchanged,butnowit’sgone.”Thecoupleturneddeadlypale.Mrs.Joerantothelivingroomandsurprisingly,shefoundtheirsevenscarveswerestillthere.▲.

Mrs.JoereturnedwithErin’sscarf.“Thisoneisyours,”shewenton.“It’sanunpleasantthingtosay...Actually,wetookitlastnight.Itallstartedbecausethereweresomeunkindwordsaboutyou.It’sreallyshamefultogothroughyourbagwithoutasking.”Erin’seyeswidenedashewaslistening.Mrs.JoehandedthescarftoErin.“Pleasetakeyourscarfback.It’sunfairtoyou.Reallyhopeyoucanforgiveusforeverythingwedid,”Mr.Joesaid.Erinrefusedthescarfwithasmile.“Ithasalwaysbeenforyou.Pleasekeepit.Justwantyoutoknowthatpeoplechange.”1.WhatdidMr.andMrs.JoedobeforeErinarrived?A.Theyhidalltheirpresents.B.TheytoldErintoethenextweek.C.Theychangedthedatefortheparty.D.TheytalkedabouthowtodealwithErin.2.Whatcanweknowfromthestory?A.Erinhadpreparedapresentforthecouple.B.ThecouplehadanicetalkwithErinafterdinner.C.ThecouplespentalotoftimecheckingErin’sbag.D.Erinthoughtthecouplewashappytohavemanyscarves.3.Whichofthefollowingcanbeputinto▲inParagraph14?

A.SheputoneofthescarvesintoherpocketB.SheplacedallthesevenscarvesinthebagC.ShewasquitesurethatErinhadliedtothemD.Sherealisedthescarfinherpocketwasn’ttheirs4.HowmightMr.andMrs.Joefeelattheendofthestory?Why?(請(qǐng)用約40詞回答)答案語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文,講述了Erin要來(lái)參加Joe夫婦的派對(duì),這對(duì)夫婦聽信了有關(guān)Erin的不好的傳言,弄出了一個(gè)烏龍,道歉后得到了Erin的原諒。主題情境屬于“人與社會(huì)”范疇中的“社會(huì)服務(wù)與人際溝通”主題群,涉及“良好的人際關(guān)系與人際交往”子主題內(nèi)容。1.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三、四段可知,在Erin來(lái)之前,這對(duì)夫婦討論了如何對(duì)付他。故選D。2.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第十三段中的“ItwasapresentIhadpreparedforyoursilverwedding”可知,Erin為這對(duì)夫婦準(zhǔn)備了一條圍巾作為禮物。故選A。3.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第十四段中的“shefoundtheirsevenscarveswerestillthere”及第十五段中的“Mrs.JoereturnedwithErin’sscarf.”可推知,她意識(shí)到這條圍巾并不是他們的。故選D。4.根據(jù)文章作答,符合題意即可。參考答案:Theymightfeelsorry/guilty/ashamed/surprised/shocked/astonished/regretfulforwhattheydid.TheytreatedErinasathiefandwentthroughhisbagwithoutasking.Actually,Erindidn’ttakeanything.Instead,hebroughtapresent.Intheend,hedidn’ttakethescartback.Hehadchanged.(2022湖州,D)Lastweek,Ifinallymanagedtoaskmyparentstobuymeanewfootballshirtfortheschoolmatch.Iwasveryexcitedandworeittothetrainingbeforethematch,butIwishedIhadn’tdonethat!Mynewshirtwastorn(破損的)afterthetrainingandonlyatailor(裁縫)couldhelp!AsIwalkedhomeworriedly,Isawashopsign:AllKindsofRepairsandServices!Iwentinsideatonce.Ilookedaroundtheshopandsawbrokentoys,brokenchairs...IwonderedifIwasinthewrongplace.Justatthatmoment,amanwithwhitehaircameuptomeandsaidcheerfully,“Wele!ThisisarepairshopandIcanrepaireverything!”“But...whatIneedisatailortodealwithmyfootballshirt.”“You’veetotherightplace.I’vebeenwaitingalong,longtimetorepairafootballshirt.”

“Really?”Iheldtheshirtinmyhands.Tomysurprise,hetooktheshirtfromme,putonglassesandsatdownonthesofawithmyshirtinhishands.“Iguessyouareastriker(前鋒),”hesmiledwarmly.Howcouldheknow?Themangavemeawinkandsaidcalmly,“Seethatpictureonthewall?Thatwasme30yearsago.”Icouldn’tbelievemyeyes!HewasOrhan,thefamousfootballerwhowasonthecityteamyearsago!ItoldhimIwasplayingfortheschoolteamandIhadbeenhisfanforyears.Itoldhimeverything,mydream,mypracticeandevenmydad’swords.“DadthinksIshouldbeanengineeroradoctor.”Iloweredmyhead.“Followyourdream,chooseajobyouloveandcarryon.”Themansmiledatmewithhisblueeyes.Hepatted(輕拍)meontheshoulderandputtheshirthehadrepairedinmybag.TodayIhavebeeafootballerandIstillkeepthatshirtinmycloset.1.Whydidtheboygointotheoldman’sshop?A.Tovisittheoldman. B.Togethisfootballshirtback.C.Torepairhisfootballshirt. D.Toasktheoldmanforadvice.2.Inwhichorderdidtheboy’sfeelingschangeinthestory?A.surprised→encouraged→excited→worriedB.surprised→excited→worried→encouragedC.excited→worried→surprised→encouragedD.excited→surprised→encouraged→worried3.Whatcanweinfer(推斷)fromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4?A.Theoldmanrepairedfootballshirtsashisjob.B.Theoldmanhadaspecialfeelingforfootballshirts.C.Theoldmanwasrelaxedwhenhesawthefootballshirt.D.Theoldmanhadwaitedalongtimefortheboytoe.4.Whatdoesthewritermainlywanttotellus?A.Twoheadsarebetterthanone. B.Actionspeakslouderthanwords.C.Sticktoyourdreamandyou’llmakeit. D.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.答案語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文,講述了作者小時(shí)候找裁縫修補(bǔ)足球衫,表達(dá)了爸爸期望他做其他職業(yè)的煩惱,店長(zhǎng)曾是足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員,鼓勵(lì)他堅(jiān)持夢(mèng)想,最后作者實(shí)現(xiàn)了成為足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的夢(mèng)想。主題語(yǔ)境屬于“人與自我”主題范疇中“做人與做事”這一主題群,涉及子主題“職業(yè)啟蒙,職業(yè)精神”。1.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Mynewshirtwastornafterthetrainingandonlyatailorcouldhelp!可知,男孩的新襯衫壞了,想找裁縫修補(bǔ)。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中Iwasveryexcited、第二段中AsIwalkedhomeworriedly和第六段中Tomysurprise以及倒數(shù)第二段中男人鼓勵(lì)作者可知C項(xiàng)正確。3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段中HewasOrhan,thefamousfootballer和第八段中Followyourdream,chooseajobyouloveandcarryon.可知,足球是男人所熱愛的,有很重要的意義,所以對(duì)足球衫有特殊的感情。4.C寫作目的題。根據(jù)第八段中Followyourdream,chooseajobyouloveandcarryon.和第九段作者堅(jiān)持自己的夢(mèng)想成為足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員可知,作者想告訴我們要堅(jiān)持夢(mèng)想。(2022麗水,D)Whenshewas14yearsold,RemyaJose’slifewasturnedupsidedownbyafamilycrisis(危機(jī)).Remya,wholivedinasmallvillageinIndia,learnedthathermotherwasillandherfatherwouldhavetospendhistimecaringforher.Asaresult,sheandhertwinsisterhadtodomostofthehousework—includingwashingclothes.Tomakethingsevenmoredifficult,theJosefamilycouldn’taffordanelectricwashingmachine.Instead,thetwogirlswouldhavetodothewashingallbyhandinthelocalriver,andthencarefullycarryeverythingbacktotheirhome—ataskthattookseveralhours.Beingagoodstudentinterestedinengineering,Remyawantedtomakeawashingmachinewhichcouldbeusedwithoutelectricity.Shestartedstudyingelectricwasherstolearnhowtheyworked.Remyathendesigned(設(shè)計(jì))amachinethatusedbicyclepedals(踏板)andchains.Tofindthoseitems,sheandherfatherwenttoalocalautoshop.Workerstherenotonlygavehertheparts,theyhelpedhermakethemachine!Here’showthemachineworks:Remyausedacylinder(圓筒)toholdtheclothesandputitinacube(立方體).Next,sheconnectedthebicyclepedalsandthechaintothecylinder.AsRemyapushedthepedalswithherlegs,thecylindercleanedtheclothesjustlikearegularwashingmachine.Remya’sinventionworked!Shehadcreatedherownhuman?poweredwashingmachine—andnowthetaskthatusedtotakeseveralhourstookonly30minutes.Remya’swashingmachinewaschosenfromamong25,000entriesasIndia’sbestinnovation!ShewasgivenIndia’sNationalAwardandhonoredbythenation’sformerpresident.Thestoryofthisyoungwoman’screativeinventionspreadaroundtheworld.“RemyaJosemadeadifference,”saidJeanineThomasofTheBordenProject.“Herinventionsavestimeandmoneyfortheworld’spoor.Herstoryshowsthatwithcreativity,oneindividualcanimprovethelivesofmany.”1.WhatwasRemyaandhertwinsister’smainproblem?A.Theirparentsweretoobusy.