SAT語法出題思路

明顯的錯(cuò)誤：簡單句單動(dòng)詞原則主句或某個(gè)分句沒有動(dòng)詞（本來可以作mainverb的動(dòng)詞被變成了現(xiàn)在分詞；整個(gè)句子只是一個(gè)名詞加上了一堆修飾成分，如：從句，同位語等）例句1：themanwhohasbeenlongingtoseeyouwaitingatthedoor.例句2AmyFowler,afamousjournalist,whowontheawardat1992forhergreatcontributionto____.題干中有超過一個(gè)的實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，例句：lastSundayIvisitedheraunt,shehadbeeninbedforweeks.這不僅是一個(gè)送分題，更是一個(gè)典型的錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)（對于怎么看都對的選項(xiàng)，請代回原句讀一遍）OC4-S10-9C。只有從句，主句一直沒有出現(xiàn)，例句:Becauseshewassuchaselfishwoman,whonevercaredaboutanythingbutherpersonalinterests.平行結(jié)構(gòu)不平行，例句，sheisanoverwhelmingwomanandneverlikesanychallenges.三個(gè)或以上的平行項(xiàng)目turtlesareendangeredbecauseoftheoverharvestingoftheadults,destructionoftheirhabitats,andtheireggsaredisturbed.OG1-S10-12大平行套小平行，例句althoughitdependsonthegovernmentforbusinessandinformationanduniversitiessupplytalentsforthespaceresearchcenter,itisquiteanindependentcorporation.正確：althoughitdependsonthegovernmentforbusinessandinformationandonuniversitiesfortalents,thespaceresearchcenterisquiteanindependentcorporation.句子之間的不平行（通常是前句主動(dòng)，后句被動(dòng),前句正常語序，后句倒裝：therebe），例句：theinequalitiesinclassescausedgreatangeramongthepublic,andarevolutionwascausedbythisanger.沒想到，aswellas,ratherthan,but,or.(2005-3section104)引導(dǎo)狀語從句的連詞，典型:because.例句：thereisatendencythat_______,andthisisbecause__________________.3.連詞的其他考點(diǎn)a.兩句話之間沒有連詞，同1.b.b.有連詞，但是邏輯關(guān)系式錯(cuò)誤的，例句Formonths,thepresshaspraisedThatcherforherhandlingoftheinternationalcrisis,whenthedomesticeconomyworsened,c.連詞在句首，導(dǎo)致被忽略，尤其是狀語從句的連詞because,although,when,if,as，例句：because_________________________________________,since____________________.OC5-S6-4三個(gè)分句，但只有一個(gè)連詞（后兩個(gè)分句中間沒有逗號(hào)，導(dǎo)致不明顯）例句：mygrandpaneverlearnttouseacalculator,butasheshopshecanalwaysworkouthisgrocerybillsinhishead.（正確）2005-03-section10-72007-10-S5-19which引導(dǎo)的定語從句不缺任何成分4.比較對象問題：than,compare,differ/differentfromlike,unlike,similarto,manytimes(oranytimes),as…as,notso…as;簡潔原則，典型的不簡潔往往涉及到動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，例句：manySzechuanreciperequireonecookwithouttherebeinganyinterruption.OC2-S10-14possessivepronoun+doingobjectivepronoun+doingprep.+doing+objective典型的不優(yōu)先考慮的選項(xiàng)：涉及到being*,beingthat,havingdone*,動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(詳見ijk），新的插入語*OC2-s10-6,新的代詞OG3-S10-2*,不合理的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，扭曲原句意思：OG5-S10-7havingdone在強(qiáng)調(diào)先后的時(shí)候是正確選項(xiàng)：OG5-S6-1,09-5-S4-11隱性錯(cuò)誤：單復(fù)數(shù)問題（包含主謂一致,名詞單復(fù)數(shù)一致）特別留心倒裝句：Absentfromthecurtaincall,toourdisappointment,wasthedirectorandtheproducer,bothofwhomhaddonesomuchtobringaboutthistriumphantopeningnight.Noerror主語一致問題，lookingathisson,Jimmyreallyangeredhisfather在主語一致的問題中，對于現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，要尤其小心，因?yàn)轭}干中的現(xiàn)在分詞使用得可能不符合現(xiàn)在分詞的基本含義（1.同時(shí)發(fā)生；2.常態(tài)或者重復(fù)）askingforacomprehensivehealth-careplaninvain,theworkerscalledinsicknessasaprotest.unlikeherfriendAmy,makingthevarsityteamasafreshman,Joliedidn’tmakeituntilherthirdyear.OG7-S4-20,09-5-S4-21代詞指代（看到ittheyweyouwhichthisthat都要本能地懷疑）itmustrefertoONEspecificnouninthesentence.it與they的互換橫空出世的we或者you優(yōu)先考慮將代詞避免的選項(xiàng)OG7-S10-4Johnbelievesthatplantsrespondtohumanattention,whichcauseshistalkingtohisAfricanvioletseverynight.attention,whichcauseshistalkingattentionandtalkingiswhatisdoneattentionandhistalksattention;forthisreasonshasbeenhistalking5.就近原則（各種modifier包括限定性定語從句）OC3-S10-8(E)6.意思重復(fù)OG3-S10-10OG6-S6-77.IE中的不定式與動(dòng)名詞a.在動(dòng)詞后面：表目的，必須用動(dòng)詞不定式(避免使用fordoing),表賓語，如果該動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生必須用動(dòng)詞不定式09-5-S4-23;已經(jīng)發(fā)生則用doing如果to既不是賓語也不是目的，則是介詞（而非動(dòng)詞不定式的構(gòu)成），后面跟動(dòng)名詞。背固定搭配，這些搭配中的to往往有明確的指向性（字面意思）;下列短語中的to是介詞，后面必須加名詞或者動(dòng)名詞Trustto把??托付給turnto求助于sayyes/noto同意，不同意beusedto習(xí)慣于besentencedto被判刑seeto注意處理，照料stickto堅(jiān)持standupto勇敢面對bereducedto淪為，降為giveriseto使發(fā)生payattentionto注意pointto指向objectto反對beopposedto反對leadto導(dǎo)致lookforwardto盼望beopento愿意接受lookupto尊敬giveone’smindto專心于keepto堅(jiān)持getdownto著手做givewayto對---讓步befamiliarto對---熟悉findone’swayto設(shè)法到達(dá)devoteoneselfto獻(xiàn)身于=commitoneselfto=dedicateoneselftobeequalto能勝任inadditionto除---外limittoadmitto承認(rèn)limittob.當(dāng)不定式在形容詞后面，除非形容詞修飾的是不定式本身（如：itisgoodtoeathealthyfood.）