全國統(tǒng)考2025屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)必修2Unit1Talesoftheunexplained課時(shí)作業(yè)含解析

PAGE四必修2Unit1TalesoftheunexplainedⅠ.閱讀理解A(2024·揚(yáng)州模擬)Makingbeersonthemoonmightseemlikeapipedreamtomany,butforagroupofstudentsfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatSanDiego,thereisachancetotaketheirresearchbeyondEarth’ssurface.TheLab2Mooncompetition,heldbyTeamIndus,isofferingstudentsthechancetosecureaspotontheTeamIndusrocketthisyear.Takingcraftbeertothenextlevel,thestudentswanttotestwhetherit’spossibleforyeast(酵母)toworkandcreatebeeronthemoon.However,theybelievetheexperimentisnotjustacreativeconceptforastronauts,it’salsoimportantforthedevelopmentofdrugsandyeast-containingfood,likebread.“Theideastartedoutwithafewlaughsamongagroupoffriends,”saidNeekiAshari,afifth-yearbioengineeringstudentatUCSanDiego.“Weallappreciatethecraftbeer.WhenweheardthattherewasanopportunitytodesignanexperimentthatwouldgouponIndia’smoonlander,wethoughtwecouldcombineourhobbywiththecompetitionbyfocusingonthepracticalityofyeastinouterspace.”Thepreparationworkforthebeer—uptothestageofaddingyeast—willallbedoneonEarth,andratherthanseparatingthefermentation(發(fā)酵)andcarbonationstageofmakingbeer,theteamplanstocombinethem.ThisremovestheneedtoreleaseCO2accumulatedintheprocess,whichmayresultincleanlinessandsafetyissuesoutinspace.Ifselected,TeamOriginalGravitywillbethefirsttomakebeerinouterspace,andthefermentationwilltakeplaceinacontainernobiggerthanasodacan.AllteamscompetingfortheplacewillshowcasetheirideasinBangalore,Sadly,youwon’tbeenjoyingmoonbeerinyourlocalcraftbeerbaranytimesoon,asnosampleswillbebroughtback.However,thissmallexperimentcouldprovideimportantdataonjusthowpracticalitisforustomakeandcreateourownresourcesonotherplanetsandmoonsbylearninghowconsumables(消耗品)behaveindifferentenvironments.【文章大意】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章主要講了對(duì)很多人來說,在月球上釀造啤酒好像是天方夜譚,但對(duì)于一群來自加州高校圣地亞哥分校的學(xué)生來說,這是一個(gè)將他們的探討帶出地球表面的機(jī)會(huì)。1.Howdidthestudentsfeelwhentheygotthechancetodesigntheexperiment?A.Excited.B.Nervous.C.Confident. D.Casual.【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段Makingbeersonthemoonmightseemlikeapipedreamtomany,butforagroupofstudentsfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatSanDiego,thereisachancetotaketheirresearchbeyondEarth’ssurface.(對(duì)很多人來說,在月球上釀造啤酒好像是天方夜譚,但對(duì)于一群來自加州高校圣地亞哥分校的學(xué)生來說,這是一個(gè)將他們的探討帶出地球表面的機(jī)會(huì)。)由此推斷出,當(dāng)學(xué)生們有機(jī)會(huì)設(shè)計(jì)試驗(yàn)時(shí),他們感覺很興奮,故選A。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inParagraph6referto?A.Themixingoftwostages.B.AddingyeastonEarth.C.ThepreparationworkonEarth.D.Fermentationandcarbonation.【解析】選A。詞義揣測題。依據(jù)上文Thepreparationworkforthebeer—uptothestageofaddingyeast—willallbedoneonEarth,andratherthanseparatingthefermentationandcarbonationstageofmakingbeer,theteamplanstocombinethem.可知,啤酒的打算工作——直到添加酵母的階段——都將在地球上完成,而不是將釀造啤酒的發(fā)酵和碳酸化階段分開,團(tuán)隊(duì)安排將它們結(jié)合起來。所以通過上下文的語境可以推斷出?！癟his”指的是兩個(gè)過程的混合,故選A。3.Whatcanwelearnabouttheexperimentfromthepassage?A.Ithasbeendesignedbasedonsimilarexperiments.B.It’squitecompetitivecomparedwithotherdesigns.C.ItsdesignhasalreadybeenapprovedbyTeamIndus.D.Itsprocesswasadaptedtomakeitsaferandgreener.【解析】選D。推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段ThisremovestheneedtoreleaseCO2accumulatedintheprocess,whichmayresultincleanlinessandsafetyissuesoutinspace.(這消退了釋放過程中積累的二氧化碳的須要,這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致清潔和平安問題。)由此推斷出,我們能從文章中了解到這次試驗(yàn)的生產(chǎn)過程經(jīng)過了調(diào)整,使其更平安、更環(huán)保,故選D。4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthestudents’idea?A.Itseemslikeapipedream.B.It’sextremelycomplicated.C.It’smeaningfulandhopeful.D.It’screativebutimpractical.【解析】選C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段However,thissmallexperimentcouldprovideimportantdataonjusthowpracticalitisforustomakeandcreateourownresourcesonotherplanetsandmoonsbylearninghowconsumablesbehaveindifferentenvironments.由此推斷出,作者認(rèn)為這些學(xué)生的想法有意義和充溢希望,故選C?！緦W(xué)問拓展】長難句分析However,thissmallexperimentcouldprovideimportantdataonjusthowpracticalitisforustomakeandcreateourownresourcesonotherplanetsandmoonsbylearninghowconsumablesbehaveindifferentenvironments.分析:howpracticalitisforustomakeandcreateourownresourcesonotherplanetsandmoonsbylearninghowconsumablesbehaveindifferentenvironments是賓語從句。在該從句中還含有另一個(gè)賓語從句(howconsumablesbehaveindifferentenvironments)。翻譯:然而,通過了解消耗品在不同環(huán)境中的行為,這個(gè)小試驗(yàn)可以為我們供應(yīng)重要的數(shù)據(jù),告知我們?cè)谄渌行呛托l(wèi)星上制造和創(chuàng)建我們自己的資源有多實(shí)際。B(2024·重慶模擬)OnethinginwhichIthinkItaketoomuchpride,attimes,ismyacademicperformance.Inthepast,Imanagedtogetgradesonexamsthatwereunbelievable,eventomyself,fortheamountofstudyingIhaddone.TheexammayhavejusthappenedtoaskthequestionstowhichIknewtheanswers,eventhoughthereweremanypossiblequestionsthatwouldhavestumpedme.I’vealwaysdonewellinmathematics,butafewtimes,IhadtostepbackandtakeasecondlookathowmuchprideIhadinmyability.UponreceivingthescoreformysecondexaminMATH170,Iwasratherdisturbed.Myscorewas79%.IhadplannedtousemymathcoursestobalancethegradesImightgetinmyEnglishandwritingcourses,sothatscorewasacceptable.Itgotworsestill.InStatisticsandCalculus,Ireceivedfailinggradesonhomeworkassignments.EverytimeIgotthesebadgrades,Ifeltthesame.IstartedtothinkthatmaybeIreallycouldn’tdothesethings.Aftergivinganhonesteffort,however,Ididbetter.ThethinginwhichIhaven’tenoughprideismyworthasapersonwithwhompeopleliketoassociate.IgiveupopportunitiestosocializebecauseIdon’tthinkanyonewillwanttotalktome.Becauseofthistraitofmine,Ihaveveryfewfriends.Perhapsspendingthemajorityofmytimealoneisn’tbad;itiswhatI’musedto,butIbetthatbylivingalifeofpartialseclusion,Imissoutoninterestingandamusinglifeexperiencesthatcouldbebeneficial.Ihaveillustratedhowtheextremesofpridecanbeharmful.Inmycase,toomuchprideinacademicabilitycanleadtofailinggrades,andnotenoughprideinoneselfasasocialindividualcanleadtoalonelierlife.Amoderateamountofprideleadstoaclearviewoftheagendasoflife,allowingonetomakegooddecisionsregardingthese.【文章大意】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者在文中講解并描述了自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn),過于傲慢導(dǎo)致學(xué)術(shù)成果不及格,對(duì)社交個(gè)體不夠驕傲導(dǎo)致了更孤獨(dú)的生活,提出擁有適度的傲慢。5.Whydidtheauthorgetgoodgradesinthepast?A.Becauseofhardwork.B.Becauseofmuchpride.C.Becauseofgoodluck.D.Becauseofhighintelligence.【解析】選C。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中TheexammayhavejusthappenedtoaskthequestionstowhichIknewtheanswers,eventhoughthereweremanypossiblequestionsthatwouldhavestumpedme.考試可能只是碰巧問了一些我知道答案的問題,即使有很多可能會(huì)難倒我的問題?？芍?因?yàn)檫\(yùn)氣好作者在過去取得了好成果。故選C項(xiàng)。6.Howdidtheauthorfeelafterexamfailures?A.Alittleashamed.B.Lessconfident.C.Lessdetermined.D.Alittlegrateful.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中UponreceivingthescoreformysecondexaminMATH170,Iwasratherdisturbed.當(dāng)我收到MATH170其次次考試的成果時(shí),我很擔(dān)心。以及EverytimeIgotthesebadgrades,Ifeltthesame.IstartedtothinkthatmaybeIreallycouldn’tdothesethings.每次我得到這些糟糕的成果,我都有同樣的感覺。我起先想,或許我真的做不了這些事?？芍?考試失敗后作者缺乏自信。故選B項(xiàng)。7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetospendingmostofhis/hertimealone?A.Carefree. B.Tolerant.C.Regretful. D.Positive.【解析】選C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中Perhapsspendingthemajorityofmytimealoneisn’tbad;itiswhatI’musedto,butIbetthatbylivingalifeofpartialseclusion,Imissoutoninterestingandamusinglifeexperiencesthatcouldbebeneficial.或許大部分時(shí)間獨(dú)處并不糟糕;這是我所習(xí)慣,但我敢打賭,由于過著部分隱居的生活,我錯(cuò)過了可能有益的好玩的生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)?？芍?作者對(duì)大部分時(shí)間獨(dú)處持缺憾的看法。故選C項(xiàng)。8.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AvoidingBeingTooProudB.ChangingthePoorCharacterC.CorrectingtheBadBehaviourD.BalancingthePrideDegree【解析】選D。主旨大意題。依據(jù)最終一段中Ihaveillustratedhowtheextremesofpridecanbeharmful.我已經(jīng)說明白極端的傲慢是如何有害的。以及Amoderateamountofprideleadstoaclearviewoftheagendasoflife,allowingonetomakegooddecisionsregardingthese.適度的傲慢會(huì)讓你對(duì)生活的日程有一個(gè)清楚的相識(shí),允許你對(duì)這些事情做出正確的確定?？芍?作者在文中講解并描述了自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn),過于傲慢會(huì)導(dǎo)致學(xué)術(shù)成果不及格,對(duì)社交個(gè)體不夠驕傲導(dǎo)致了更孤獨(dú)的生活,提出擁有適度的傲慢,因此本文的最佳標(biāo)題是選項(xiàng)D“平衡傲慢的程度”。故選D項(xiàng)?！緦W(xué)問積累】1.socializevi.交際;參加社交2.traitn. 特性,特點(diǎn);品質(zhì)3.missouton 錯(cuò)過;錯(cuò)失4.illustratevt. 闡明Ⅱ.閱讀填句(2024·福州模擬)Let’stakeaminutetothinkaboutthewaterweuse.Thehumanbodyis60%waterandweneedtodrinklotsofwatertobehealthy.Whenwearethirstywejustgotothekitchenandfillaglasswithcleanwater.__1__Forexample,farmers,whoproducethefoodweeat,usewatertomaketheplantsgrow.WhenweturnonalightorswitchonaTVoracomputerweuseenergyandweneedwatertoproducethisenergy.

Thetruthisthatweareluckyenoughtohavecleanwaterwheneverwewant,butthisisnotthecaseformanypeoplearoundtheworld.__2__That’saroundonein10peopleintheworld.Ifwedrinkdirtywater,wecancatchdiseasesfromthebacteriaandbecomeill.Everyyearover500,000childrendiefromdiarrhea(腹瀉)fromdirtywater.That’saround1,400childreneveryday!Also,insomecountrieschildrenwalkmanykilometreseverydaytogetwater.__3__Therefore,theydon’thavetimetolearnhowtoreadorwriteanddon’tgetaneducation.

__4__Onthisdayeveryyear,countriesaroundtheworldholdeventstoeducatepeopleabouttheproblemsofdirtywaterandthatcleanwaterissomethingthateveryoneshouldhavearoundtheworld.AtoneschoolintheUK,childrenbetweentheagesof10and15walk6kmwithsixlitresofwater.__5__Peoplegivethemmoneytodothisandallthemoneyhelpsgetcleanwatertoasmanypeopleaspossiblearoundtheworld.

A.Weusewaterindirectlytoo.B.Everysysteminourbodydependsonwatertofunction.C.Itistoinspirepeopletolearnmoreaboutwater-relatedproblemsD.Ifchildrenwalkmanyhoursadaytogetwater,theycan’tgotoschool.E.Didyouknowthataround750millionpeopledonothavecleanwatertodrink?F.In1993theUnitedNationsdecidedthatMarch22ndistheWorldDayforWater.G.Inthisway,theyknowhowitfeelstowalkalongdistancecarryingheavybottles.【文章大意】這是一篇說明文,主要說明白水是我們生活中特別重要的能源,而世界上很多人并不像我們這樣幸運(yùn)能喝到干凈的水。世界上大約有7.5億人沒有干凈的水喝,每年有50多萬兒童死于臟水引起的腹瀉。就此聯(lián)合國確定3月22日為世界水日,并在當(dāng)天舉辦活動(dòng)來教化人們關(guān)于臟水的問題,讓人們知道清潔的水是全世界每個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)擁有的。1.【解析】選A。依據(jù)下文Forexample,farmers,whoproducethefoodweeat,usewatertomaketheplantsgrow.WhenweturnonalightorswitchonaTVoracomputerweuseenergyandweneedwatertoproducethisenergy.(例如,生產(chǎn)我們吃的食物的農(nóng)夫,運(yùn)用水使植物生長。當(dāng)我們打開電燈或電視或電腦時(shí),我們運(yùn)用能源,我們須要水來產(chǎn)生這種能源)可知下文是在列舉人們間接運(yùn)用水的例子,故A選項(xiàng)“我們也間接地用水?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境,故選A。2.【解析】選E。依據(jù)下文That’saroundonein10peopleintheworld.(那大約是世界上特別之一的人)可推知本句為說明世界上沒有干凈水喝的人數(shù)。故E選項(xiàng)“你知道大約有7.5億人沒有干凈的水喝嗎?”符合上下文語境,故選E。3.【解析】選D。依據(jù)上文Also,insomecountrieschildrenwalkmanykilometreseverydaytogetwater.(而且,在一些國家,孩子們每天要走好幾千米去取水)中walkmanykilometreseverydaytogetwater可對(duì)應(yīng)到D選項(xiàng)中walkmanyhoursadaytogetwater,故D選項(xiàng)“假如孩子們每天走很多小時(shí)去取水,他們就不能去上學(xué)。”符合上下文語境,故選D。4.【解析】選F。結(jié)合下文Onthisdayeveryyear,countriesaroundtheworldholdeventstoeducatepeopleabouttheproblemsofdirtywaterandthatcleanwaterissomethingthateveryoneshouldhavearoundtheworld.(每年的這一天,世界各國都會(huì)舉辦各種活動(dòng),讓人們了解臟水的問題,讓他們知道清潔的水是全世界每個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)擁有的)是在說明世界水日當(dāng)天的活動(dòng),故可知本空為說明世界水日的設(shè)立時(shí)間,故F選項(xiàng)“1993年,聯(lián)合國確定3月22日為世界水日。”符合上下文語境,故選F。5.【解析】選G。依據(jù)前文AtoneschoolintheUK,childrenbetweentheagesof10and15walk6kmwithsixlitresofwater.(在英國的一所學(xué)校,10到15歲的孩子負(fù)重6升水來步行6千米)可推知本空承接上文接著說明這一做法的意義是讓孩子們了解帶著沉重的瓶子走很長的距離是什么感覺。故G選項(xiàng)“通過這種方式,他們知道帶著沉重的瓶子走很長的距離是什么感覺?！狈仙舷挛恼Z境,故選G。Ⅲ.語法填空(2024·綿陽模擬)閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Acrater(環(huán)形山)onMercurysatquietlyformillionsofyears.Surprisingly,itacquiredaname—LiQingzhao,aChinesefemalepoet.TheInternationalAstronomicalUnionnamedthefirstgroupofcratersontheplanetafter310famouswritersandartistsinhumanhistory,Li1.__________(include).Whatdidshedotodeservesuch2.__________honor?ComparedwithothermalepoetsinChina,3.__________havelefthundredsoreventhousandsofpoems,shehasonlyeighty-seven.4.__________,herartisticcreativityinher5.__________(survive)workshasearnedherapermanentplaceintheChineseliterarycircle.

Shegrewupina6.__________(relative)relaxedatmospherebuthermaiden(少女)daysweresolimitedthattheregretcouldbefeltinherpoem:“Can’tyousee?Thegreenleavesthriving(旺盛)buttheredflowersfadingovernight.”ThearrivalanddisappearanceofspringisoneofthemostfrequentthemesinChinesepoetry.Lihadtwomarriages.Thefirstendedupherbeingabandonedduringthewar.7.__________(bad)still,shesufferedphysicalabusefromhersecondhusband.Bravelyshechargedhimatthecourtandgotthe8.__________(permit)todivorce.

Inthefinalstageofherlife,even9.__________noonetorelyon,shenevergaveuphopeandcreatedmanyliteraryworksthat10.__________(leave)forgenerationstoappreciatetodate.

【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。文章由水星上的一座環(huán)形山命名為“李清照”切入,給讀者介紹了我國聞名女詩人李清照的生平。1.【解析】included?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。分析句子可知,此處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞作后置定語,Li和include之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過去分詞作后置定語,故填included。2.【解析】an?？疾楣谠~。honor是可數(shù)名詞,結(jié)合上下文可知,此處意為“值得這樣的一份榮耀”,是泛指,應(yīng)用不定冠詞,honor是以元音音素開頭的詞,故填an。3.【解析】who?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處是非限制性定語從句關(guān)系詞,先行詞malepoets在從句中充當(dāng)主語,應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who,故填who。4.【解析】However?？疾楦痹~。句意:然而,她現(xiàn)存的作品的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作力為她在中國文學(xué)圈贏得了永恒的地位。結(jié)合上下文可知,此處應(yīng)用表轉(zhuǎn)折意義的副詞,故填However。5.【解析】surviving?？疾樾稳菰~。句意:然而,她現(xiàn)存的作品的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作力為她在中國文學(xué)圈贏得了永恒的地位。依據(jù)句意可知,此處應(yīng)填survive的形容詞surviving“接著存在的”,修飾名詞works,故填surviving。6.【解析】relatively?？疾楦痹~。此處應(yīng)填relative的副詞修飾形容詞relaxed,故填relatively。7.【解析】Worse?？疾楣潭ū磉_(dá)。句意:更糟糕的是,她遭遇了其次任丈夫的虐待。結(jié)合句意可知,此處考查固定表達(dá)worsestill“更糟糕的是”,故填Worse。8.【解析】permission?？疾槊~。分析句子可知,此處應(yīng)填permit的名詞作為got的賓語,故填permission。9.【解析】with?？疾榻樵~。句意:在她人生的最終階段,沒有人可以依靠,但她從來沒有放棄,并且創(chuàng)作了很多讓世人到今日還特別觀賞的文學(xué)作品。結(jié)合句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處考查with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),即with+n./pron.+todo,withnoonetorelyon“沒有人可以依靠”,故填with。10.【解析】havebeenleft。考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。分析句子可知,此處是定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞,由forgenerations推斷為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),主語that指代literaryworks和leave之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),主語是復(fù)數(shù),故填havebeenleft?！緦W(xué)問積累】佳詞積累1.acquirevt.獲得2.abusev.&n. 濫用;虐待Ⅰ.閱讀理解TheozoneholethatopenseveryyearovertheAntarcticisoncoursetobethesmallestinthreedecades,scientistshavesaid.Researcherssaytheholeisalsoaparticularlyunusualshapethisyear,beingheavilyskewed(扭曲)towardsSouthAmericainsteadofcentringontheSouthPole.AccordingtotheBritishAntarcticSurvey,theholehadreachedanareaof11millionsquarekilometresinearlySeptember,whentheannual“springwarming”eventkickedinmuchearlierthanusual.In2024,theholereachedamaximumareaof22.9millionsquarekilometres.In2002,thepolarvortexsplitintwo,creatingtwoseparateozoneholesoverthecontinent.AnnaJones,ascientistattheBritishAntarcticSurvey,toldTheIndependenttheshapeoftheholethisyearwas“veryunusual”.Shesaid,“Thisisaprettynewphenomenon.Itcouldbeamultiplecollectionoffactors.”SatelliterecordsforthepolarvortexinAntarcticagobacktothelate1970s,butthe2002splitvortexistheonlyothermajorchange.“Scientistshaven’tquitefigureditoutyet...therearevariousthingstheycanlookat,butit’scertainlyveryunusual,”Dr.Jonessaid.Dr.Jonessaidthekeytoreducingthesizeoftheozoneholeinthelongtermwascontinuingtoclampdownontheillegalman-madechemicalscausingthedestruction.ShealsowarnedpeoplelivinginSouthAmericacouldnowbeatriskfromdangerousUVradiationastheozonehasthinned.“Thekeythingisthatthegasesthatdestroyozonearestillaround,stillintheatmosphere,”shesaid.“Idoubtwewillseethisagainnextyear.Wecan’tberelieved.Itabsolutelydoesn’tmeantheozoneholeisnevergoingtobeseenagain.”

【文章大意】本文為說明文,講的是科學(xué)家探討發(fā)覺今年南極上空臭氧空洞的形態(tài)“異乎尋常”,嚴(yán)峻向南美傾斜。1.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheStrangelyShapedAntarcticOzoneHoleB.TheTerribleEnvironmentalPollutionintheWorldC.TheGreatDamageDonetotheEnvironmentintheAntarcticD.TheRiskofDangerousUVRadiationintheAtmosphere【解析】選A。主旨大意題?？v觀全文可知本文講的是今年南極上空臭氧空洞的形態(tài)“異乎尋?！?嚴(yán)峻向南美傾斜,與A項(xiàng)一樣,故選A。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“clampdownon”inthelastparagraphmean?A.increaseB.limitC.pourD.release【解析】選B。詞義揣測題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“thekeytoreducingthesizeoftheozonehole”和“...theillegalman-madechemicalscausingthedestruction”可知,此處表示減小臭氧層空洞的關(guān)鍵仍是限制破壞臭氧層的非法人造化學(xué)品,故選B。3.Whatcanwelearnaccordingtothepassage?A.TheozoneholeovertheAntarcticwillnotbeseenagain.B.ThepolarvortexinAntarcticafirsthappenedtothelate1970s.C.In2002,theholereachedamaximumareaof22.9millionsquarekilometres.D.Theannual“springwarming”eventusuallykickedinlaterthanearlySeptember.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段最終一句話可知A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;依據(jù)第四段第一句話可知南極極地渦旋的衛(wèi)星紀(jì)錄可以追溯到而不是極地渦旋第一次發(fā)生于20世紀(jì)70年頭末,故B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;依據(jù)其次段可知C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;依據(jù)其次段中的“...inearlySeptember,whentheannual‘springwarming’eventkickedinmuchearlierthanusual.”可知D項(xiàng)正確。4.Thepassagecanbereadfrom______.

A.anenvironmentnewspaperB.afashionmagazineC.anentertainmentmagazineD.aschooltextbook【解析】選A。文章出處題。本文講的是環(huán)境方面的新發(fā)覺,故選A。Ⅱ.完形填空ThereisastoryfrommanyyearsagoofaprimaryschoolteachercalledMrsThompson.Ontheveryfirstdayofherfourthgradeclass,shetoldthechildrena__1__.Shelookedatherstudentsandsaidthatshe__2__themallthesame.Butthatwas__3__becausethereinthefrontrowwasalittleboy,TeddyStoddard.MrsThompsonhadwatchedTeddytheyearbeforeand__4__thathedidn’tplaywellwiththeotherchildren,hisclothesweremessyandheconstantlyneededa__5__.Shedidnotlikehim.Later,itgottothe__6__whereMrsThompsonwouldactually__7__hispaperswitharedpen,makingboldXs.

However,whenshereadhisfileoneday,shewasin__8__.Teddy’sfirstgradeteacherwrote,“Teddyisa__9__child.Hedoeshiswork__10__andhasgoodmanners.”Hissecond-gradeteacherwrote,“Teddyisanexcellentstudent.Butheis__11__byhismother’sterminalillness.”Histhird-gradeteacherwrote,“Hismother’sdeathhasbeen__12__onhim.”

Bynow,MrsThompsonrealizedtheproblemandshewas__13__ofherself.Ontheveryday,shequitteachingreadingandwriting.__14__,shebegantoteachchildrenhowtobeaman.

MrsThompsonpaidparticular__15__toTeddy.Assheworkedwithhim,hismindseemedto__16__.Themoresheencouragedhim,thefasterhe__17__.Teddygraduatedfromtheschoolwiththehighestof__18__.Twentyyearslater,MrsThompsonreceiveda__19__tellinghershewasthebestteacherhehasevermetintheworld.Itwas__20__TheodoreF.Stoddard,【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。湯普森太太第一次教Teddy的時(shí)候,覺得他是一個(gè)有問題的學(xué)生。當(dāng)了解到事情的起因后,湯普森夫人特殊關(guān)注Teddy。她激勵(lì)他,后來Teddy成了班上最聰慧的孩子。作者通過這個(gè)故事告知我們應(yīng)當(dāng)專心去暖和須要幫助的人。1.A.jokeB.lieC.lessonD.story【解析】選B。句意:在她上四年級(jí)課的第一天時(shí),她對(duì)孩子們?nèi)隽藗€(gè)謊。依據(jù)下文的Shelookedatherstudentsandsaidthatshe______themallthesame.和Shedidnotlikehim可知老師撒了謊,她并沒有同等地愛著每個(gè)學(xué)生,故選B項(xiàng)。

2.A.loved B.thankedC.needed D.trusted【解析】選A。句意:她看著學(xué)生,對(duì)他們說她會(huì)同等地愛著他們?nèi)咳恕＝Y(jié)合常識(shí)可知,老師一般會(huì)對(duì)學(xué)生說會(huì)無差別地愛著他們,故選A項(xiàng)。3.A.true B.impossibleC.serious D.incorrect【解析】選B。句意:但那是不行能的,因?yàn)樵谇芭庞幸粋€(gè)名叫TeddyStoddard的小男孩。依據(jù)下文的Shedidnotlikehim可知,老師并沒有同等地愛著每個(gè)學(xué)生,故選B項(xiàng)。4.A.admitted B.observedC.expected D.said【解析】選B。句意:湯普森女士一年前見到過Teddy,她視察到他和其他孩子相處得不融洽,他的衣服很臟,他總是一副須要洗澡的樣子。依據(jù)下文的hisclothesweremessyandheconstantlyneededa______可知此處用“視察”符合語境,故選B項(xiàng)。

5.A.rest B.parent C.bath D.friend【解析】選C。句意:湯普森女士一年前見到過Teddy,她視察到他和其他孩子相處得不融洽,他的衣服很臟,他總是一副須要洗澡的樣子。依據(jù)上文的hisclothesweremessy可知Teddy很臟,須要洗澡,故選C項(xiàng)。6.A.class B.area C.point D.border【解析】選C。句意:后來,事情真的發(fā)展到了湯普森女士用紅筆在他的試卷上標(biāo)記加粗的X的階段。結(jié)合上下文可知,此處是指湯普森對(duì)Teddy的不喜愛已經(jīng)發(fā)展到了這樣一個(gè)階段,故選C項(xiàng)。7.A.mark B.refuse C.read D.criticize【解析】選A。句意:后來,事情真的發(fā)展到了湯普森女士用紅筆在他的試卷上標(biāo)記加粗的X的階段。依據(jù)下文的paperswitharedpen可知,此處用“做標(biāo)記”符合語境,故選A項(xiàng)。8.A.sadness B.surpriseC.excitement D.pride【解析】選B。句意:然而,當(dāng)她有一天讀他的文件時(shí),她很驚異。依據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知,從老師的評(píng)價(jià)來看Teddy原來是一個(gè)特別優(yōu)秀的孩子,因?yàn)閶寢尩纳『碗x世所以變成了現(xiàn)在這樣,由此推想湯普森女士對(duì)此感到驚異,故選B項(xiàng)。9.A.lazy B.funny C.moody D.bright【解析】選D。句意:Teddy一年級(jí)的老師寫著:“Teddy是一個(gè)聰慧的孩子。”依據(jù)下文的Teddyisanexcellentstudent.可知此處用“聰慧的”符合語境,故選D項(xiàng)。10.A.neatly B.badlyC.vividly D.carelessly【解析】選A。句意:他的作業(yè)做得很整齊,并且很有禮貌。依據(jù)下文的hasgoodmanners可推想Teddy的作業(yè)也完成得很整齊,故選A項(xiàng)。11.A.shocked B.troubledC.thrilled D.caught【解析】選B。句意:但是他因媽媽的絕癥而困擾。結(jié)合常識(shí)可知,一個(gè)孩子會(huì)因?yàn)槟赣H生病而憂慮和苦惱,故選B項(xiàng)。12.A.strange B.obviousC.hard D.tight【解析】選C。句意:他三年級(jí)的老師寫著:“媽媽的死對(duì)他來說很苦痛?！币罁?jù)常識(shí)可知一個(gè)孩子會(huì)因?yàn)閶寢尩娜ナ蓝貏e苦痛,故選C項(xiàng)。13.A.scared B.proudC.confident D.ashamed【解析】選D。句意:現(xiàn)在,湯普森女士意識(shí)到了問題的所在,并感到很愧疚。依據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知,此處是指湯普森女士在了解了事情的真相后,為自己因?yàn)門eddy穿著不整齊而不喜愛他的事情感到愧疚,故選D項(xiàng)。14.A.However B.InsteadC.Therefore D.Though【解析】選B。句意:相反,她起先教學(xué)生怎樣做一個(gè)男子漢。依據(jù)上文的shequitteachingreadingandwriting可知,此處用“相反”符合語境,故選B項(xiàng)。15.A.attention B.visitC.money D.respect【解析】選A。句意:湯普森女士對(duì)Teddy特殊關(guān)注。依據(jù)句意可知,此處考查固定短語payattentionto“關(guān)注”,故選A項(xiàng)。16.A.comealone B.comeupC.comealive D.comeacross【解析】選C。句意:隨著她跟他一起學(xué)習(xí),他的頭腦好像活躍了起來。comealone獨(dú)自一人來;comeup走近;comealive變得活躍;comeacross偶遇。依據(jù)下文的Teddygraduatedfromtheschoolwiththehighestof______.可知此處用“變得活躍”符合語境,故選C項(xiàng)。

17.A.acted B.talkedC.responded D.moved【解析】選C。句意:她越激勵(lì)他,他的反應(yīng)就越快。依據(jù)下文的Teddygraduatedfromtheschoolwiththehighest可知此處用“反應(yīng)快”符合語境,故選C項(xiàng)。18.A.benefits B.statesC.records D.honors【解析】選D。句意:Teddy以最高的榮譽(yù)從學(xué)校畢業(yè)。結(jié)合上下文可知,此處是指在湯普森女士的激勵(lì)下,Teddy在各方面都變得很優(yōu)秀,最終以最高榮譽(yù)從學(xué)校畢業(yè),故選D項(xiàng)。19.A.book B.letter C.gift D.visitor【解析】選B。句意:20年后,湯普森女士收到了一封信,信上說她是他在世界上遇到的最好的老師。依據(jù)下文的TheodoreF.Stoddard,MD可知這是一個(gè)署名,由此推想湯普森女士收到了一封信,故選B項(xiàng)。20.A.signed B.writtenC.listed D.accepted【解析】選A。句意:信上署名為TheodoreF.Stoddard,MD。依據(jù)TheodoreF.Stoddard,MD可知這是一個(gè)人的名字,故用“署名”符合語境,故選A項(xiàng)。Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Withmother’sbirthdayapproaching,Idecidedtogivehersurpriseandcelebrateitforheronmyown.Afterfinishingmywork,Ilearnedwhattobakeacakeonline.IhadeverythingneededafterIstartedthebakingprocesscarefulasinstructed.Ipreheatedtheovenandmixedwiththemilk,eggs,butteroroilintothedrymixture.Ittakemeroughly20—30minutestobakethecake.Itwasreallyachallengingjob.Andthen,Iwasimmediatelybusypreparedallthedishes.Seeingwhatshehaddone,mymotherwasmovedwithtearrollinginhereyes.【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了作者在母親生日時(shí),親自打算蛋糕和飯菜作為驚喜,母親感動(dòng)得熱淚盈眶的故事。1.【解析】第一句surprise前加a?？疾楣谠~。句意:媽媽的生日快到了,我確定給她一個(gè)驚喜,并且自己給她慶祝一下?！耙粋€(gè)驚喜”,表示泛指,應(yīng)用不定冠詞修飾,且surprise是發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭的單詞,應(yīng)用a。故在surprise前面添加a。2.【解析】其次句what→how。考查賓語從句連接詞。句意:完成工作后,我在網(wǎng)上學(xué)會(huì)了如何烤蛋糕。分析句子可知,此處表示“烤蛋糕的方式”,應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)賓語從句。故將what改為how。3.【解析】第三句after→before?？疾榻樵~。句意:在我依據(jù)指示起先細(xì)致烘焙之前,我已經(jīng)打算好了全部須要的東西。故將after改為before。4.【解析】第三句careful→carefully。考查副詞。句意:在我依據(jù)指示起先細(xì)致烘焙之前,我已經(jīng)打算好了全部須要的東西。分析句子可知,此處用來修飾動(dòng)詞“start”,應(yīng)用“careful”的副詞形式。故將careful改為carefully。5.【解析】第四句去掉with?？疾榻樵~。句意:我預(yù)熱了烤箱,把牛奶、雞蛋、黃油和油混入干的混合物中?！癿ix”為及物動(dòng)詞,后邊不用介詞,干脆加賓語,且此處“mixsth.intosth.”,意為“把某物混入某物”,是固定搭配。故去掉with。6.【解析】第四句or→and?？疾檫B詞。句意:我預(yù)熱了烤箱,把牛奶、雞蛋、黃油和油混入干的混合物中。分析句子可知,應(yīng)為并列關(guān)系。故將or改為and。7.【解析】第五句take→took?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。句意:烤這個(gè)蛋糕花了我大約20到30分鐘。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知,此處描述的是過去的狀況,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。故將take改為took。8.【解析】第七句prepared→preparing。考查固定搭配。句意:然后,我馬上忙著打算全部的菜。分析句子可知,此處為“忙于打算全部的菜”,應(yīng)用“bebusydoingsth.”,意為“忙著做某事”,是固定搭配。故將prepared改為preparing。9.【解析】第八句she→I?？疾榇~。句意:看到我所做的一切,母親感動(dòng)得熱淚盈眶。分析句子可知,此處指“我為母親做的這一切”,賓語從句中主語應(yīng)為“我”。故將she改為I。10.【解析】第八句tear→tears?？疾槊~復(fù)數(shù)。句意:看到我所做的一切,母親感動(dòng)得熱淚盈眶。句中“tear”用作名詞時(shí),意思是“眼淚”,是可數(shù)名詞,故此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故將tear改為tears。Ⅳ.書面表達(dá)假定你是李華,寒假在紐約學(xué)習(xí),得知所在社區(qū)將舉辦一次普及中醫(yī)學(xué)問的活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你寫一封信,申請(qǐng)做志愿者,內(nèi)容包括:1.寫信目的;2.個(gè)人優(yōu)勢(shì);3.對(duì)中醫(yī)的相識(shí)。留意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié),以使行文連貫。DearSir/Madam,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua【參考范文】DearSir/Madam,I’mLiHua,anexchangestudentfromChina.Havingreadlocalcommunity’sadvertisementforvolunteersonthepromotionofChinesetraditionalmedicine,Ican’twaittosubmitmyapplicationforthepost.BorninafamilywithbothparentsworkinginaninstituteoftraditionalChinesemedicine,IpossessathoroughunderstandingofTCM,whichIbelievecouldbequitehelpful.Additionally,asacompassionateandoutgoingindividual,IenjoyhelpingoutwhereverIcan.TraditionalChinesemedicineisancientmedicalpracticethathasbeenusedinChinaformorethan3,500years.Despitebeingaformofalternativemedicine,ithasworkedwondersinmanymedicalcases,suchasthetreatmentofCOVID-19.ItreallymeansalottometopromoteTCM,soIdohopethiswonderfulchancewouldbeofferedtome.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely,LiHua【加固訓(xùn)練】閱讀理解(2024·濟(jì)南模擬)Hardwareingeneral,andsmartphonesinparticular,havebecomeahugeenvironmentalandhealthproblemintheGlobalSouth’slandfillsites(垃圾填埋場).Electronicwaste(e-waste)currentlytakesup5percentofallglobalwaste,anditissettoincreaserapidlyasmoreofusownmorethanonesmartphone,laptopandpowerbank.TheyendupinplaceslikeAgbogbloshieontheoutskirtsofGhana’scapital,Accra.Itisthebiggeste-wastedumpintheworld,where10,000informalworkerswalkthroughtonsofabandonedgoodsaspartofaninformalrecyclingprocess.Theyrisktheirhealthsearchingforthepreciousmetalsthatarefoundinabandonedsmartphones.ButAgbogbloshieshouldnotexist.TheBaselConvention,a1989treaty,aimstopreventdevelopednationsfromunauthorizeddumpingofe-wasteinlessdevelopedcountries.Thee-wasteindustry,however,circumventstheregulationsbyexportinge-wastelabelledas“secondhandgoods”topoorcountrieslikeGhana,knowingfullwellthatitisheadingforalandfillsite.ArecentreportfoundAgbogbloshiecontainedsomeofthemostdangerouschemicals.Thisisnotsurprising:smartphonescontainchemicalslikemercury(水銀),leadandevenarsenic(砷).Reportedly,oneeggfromafree-rangechickeninAgbogbloshiecontainedacertainchemicalwhichcancausecanceranddamagetheimmunesystematalevelthat’sabout220timesgre