牛津版英語初一語法總結(jié)及練習必考題型介紹

學習好資料歡迎下載學習好資料歡迎下載學習好資料歡迎下載牛津版英語初一語法總結(jié)及練習、必考題型介紹1.語法總結(jié)及練習2.必考題型介紹一、語法聚焦1.用begoingto描寫不久將發(fā)生的事情。例：Wearegoingtohavealotofdeliciousfood.我們將吃許多美味食品。2.用情態(tài)動詞提出禮貌的請求。例：MayIspeakto____,please?我可以和……講話嗎？3.用needto表示需要。例：Sheneedstobuysome…她需要買一些……4.用固定表達表示喜好。例：I”dratherhavemoresnacks.我寧愿再吃一些小吃。5.用副詞表示時間順序和過程。例：Firstly,…/Secondly,…/Thirdly,…第一，……/第二，……/第三，……二、1.介詞under在……下underadrippingtap在一個滴水的水龍頭下for為……waitforsb+一段時間forthreedaysby以某種方式bybusbyfixingdrippingtapwithout不帶……abookwithoutpictures2.連詞if的用法（1）if表示如果,引起條件狀語從句。（2）if引起的從句如果是一般現(xiàn)在時，那么主句會是將來時，祈使句或含情態(tài)動詞。eg:Ifthereisnorain,therewillbenowatertodrink.Don”twatchtoomuchtelevisionifsomethingiswrongwithyoureyes.Ifhecomes,youcango.3.祈使句（1）表示命令或請求。Comehere.（2）祈使句中動詞用原形。Let”sgo.（3）分類Don”rundownstairs.Let”sgotoschoolbybus.Givemeanapple,please.三、1.When的用法（1）用作特殊疑問詞，對時間段或點進行提問（什么時候）在對時間點提問時與whattime可以替換：Wegettoschoolatsix.When(Whattime)doyougettoschool?（2）連詞when當……時主句是情態(tài)動詞，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。Whatcanweseewhenthereisatyphoon?When作連詞接一般過去時從句Theyweretalkingwhentheteachercamein.與Whiletheyweretalking,theteachercamein.（3）方式副詞的用法1.構(gòu)成adj+lytight—tightly緊緊地slight–slightly輕輕地quick—quickly迅速地fierce—fiercely猛烈地immediate—immediately立刻light—lightly輕輕地happy—happily高興地gentle—gently輕柔地用法：用于修飾動詞，放在行為動詞后。eg:Theyflewtheirkitehappilyinthegentlebreeze.Theleavesblewslightlyinthewind.四、1.情態(tài)動詞canmaymust的用法canmaymust+動詞原形can表示能力，能夠做……may表示可能或可以must則表示必須，與haveto可替換，但must強調(diào)主觀推測mustbe表示推測2.介詞inonatoutside的用法3.There引導的therebe句型（1）therebe句型thereis+單數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞thereare+復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞（2）Therebe句型中be有就近一致的用法Thereisapenandtworulers.Therearetworulersandapen.（3）Therebe句型表示某地存在某物（4）Therebe與have的區(qū)別，Therebe強詞某地有某物，而have強調(diào)所屬，但有時可替換。Therearefivefloorsinthebuilding.=Thebuildinghasfivefloors.五、被動語態(tài)：▲意義：當謂語表示一個動作，主語和它可以有兩種不同關(guān)系，即主動關(guān)系和被動關(guān)系，表示被動關(guān)系時叫被動語態(tài)?！攸c：動作執(zhí)行者在被動語態(tài)中可以由介詞by引導。eg：Historyismadebypeople.▲構(gòu)成：be+動詞的過去分詞eg:Itismadeofwood.▲一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)is/are+過去分詞eg:Theyarerespected(尊重)byeverybodyinthecountry.▲一般將來時的被動語態(tài)willbe+動詞過去分詞Itwillbefinishednextweek.▲一般過去時的被動語態(tài)was/were+過去分詞ItwasbuiltbyEarlymen.▲主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)（1）原句中主語變?yōu)橘e語，原句賓語變主語，變后的賓語由by引導（2）注意時態(tài),選擇be的適當形式（3）原句中動詞變?yōu)檫^去分詞例：LuXunwrotethisbookin1919.ThisbookwaswrittenbyLuXunin1919.六、時態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時與一般過去時一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時定義表示經(jīng)常習慣的動作表示過去經(jīng)常習慣的動作構(gòu)成主+動原（或單三）+其它主+過去式+其他標志詞（1）every……（2）onSunday(1)last……(2)yesterday(3)……ago否定句主+don”t/doesn”t+動原+其他主+didn”t+動原形+其他一般疑問句Does/Do+主+動原+其他Did+主+動原+其他注：動詞過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則變化：1.動詞后直接+ed�walk�walked2.以e結(jié)尾+d�close�closed3.雙寫詞尾+ed�stop�stopped4.以輔音加y結(jié)尾�y變i+edcarry�carried常見的不規(guī)則變化is—wascatch—caughtare—weredrive—drovego—wenttake—tookdo—didfind—found七、1.介詞nextto緊挨著opposite在……對面near在……附近between……and……在……與……之間2.提建議的幾種方法（1）Shallweputthetablenexttothewindow?（2）Whataboutputtingitoverthere?（3）Wouldyouliketoputitoverthere?（4）Let”sputitoppositethesofa.（5）You”dbetterputitoppositethesofa.八、1.一般疑問句分類：（1）含有be動詞的一般疑問句變法，be動詞提至主語前。例：Heisateacher.Isheateacher?(2)含有情態(tài)動詞的一般疑問句變法，情態(tài)動詞提至主語前。例：Hecanswim.Canheswim?(3)含有行為動詞的一般疑問句變法，在主語前加Does/Do/Did，動詞變回原形。例：HewatchesTVeveryday.DoeshewatchTVeveryday？Theygotoschoolbybus.Dotheygotoschoolbybus？Theywenttothebeachyesterday.Didtheygotothebeachyesterday？2.特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句常見的特殊疑問詞howlong多久what什么howfar多遠where哪里howmuch多少who誰howmany多少whose誰的howsoon多久以后which哪一個(how)如何when什么時候whatcolour什么顏色whattime幾點3.現(xiàn)在進行時構(gòu)成：主+be+動詞ingHeisswimming.句型轉(zhuǎn)換：肯定句Heissinging.否定句Heisn”tsinging.一般疑問句Ishesinging?提問：Whatishedoing?動詞ing的變法①直接詞尾+ingsingsinging②以e結(jié)尾去e+ingtaketaking③以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾重讀閉音節(jié)單詞sit�sitting4.形容詞（1）放在be動詞后作表語。（2）放在名詞前做定語，It”saninterestingbook.本單元出現(xiàn)的形容詞：exciting/busy/interesting/convenient/noisy/peaceful/quiet/pleasant/relaxing九、1.情態(tài)動詞。(a)情態(tài)動詞后動詞用原形例：Wemustgo.(b)常用的幾個情態(tài)動詞can能夠，表示可能性及能力①Icanswim.②Youcangotherebybus.could-can的過去式語氣比couldcan委婉，多用于請求，Couldyougivemeanapple?May可以/可能Itmaybeacat.MayIcomein?Must必須Wemustgohomeat5pm.Mustn”t一定不能（表示禁止）Youmustn”ttakeanimalstohisbedroom.Need需要Youneedgotohospitalatonce.注must引起的一般疑問句其否定回答不用mustn”t而用needn”tMustIgonow?No,youneedn”t.2.祈使句（a）無主語Openthedoor.(b)動詞用原形Don”trun.(c)常見的幾種祈使句①Openthewindow.②Don”tswimintheriver.③Nodogs.④Nosmoking.⑤Let”sgo.3.介詞介詞inonat區(qū)別：（1）表示時間時in+年/日/季節(jié)/早晚on+星期/具體日期/具體早晚at+具體時間點in1990/inMay/insummer/inthemorningonMonday/onMay2nd/onacoldeveningat7:00/atnight/atnoon(2)表示地點in在……里intheboxon表示在表面上onthedeskat在具體某點atthecorner十、（一）提建議的幾種方法1.Shallwe+動詞原形Shallwegotothebeach?2.Let”s+動詞原形（Let”snot+動原）Let”shaveabarbecue.3.Wouldyoulike+todoWouldyouliketogocycling?4.Whydon”t+句子Whydon”twegototheconcert?5.Whynot+動詞原形Whynothavesomeseafood?6.Whatabout+動ingWhataboutgoingswimming?7.You”dbetter+動原You”dbettergotherebybus.（二）Usedto表示過去常常usedto+動詞原形Iusedtospendallmypocketmoney.十一、語法(1)wh特殊疑問句when表示時間what問內(nèi)容where問地點how問情況如何why問原因who問人根據(jù)答句補全問句1.________aretheygoingtodo?Theyaregoingtohaveaninternationalfoodfestival.2.______aretheygoingtodoit?It”sbecausetheywanttoraisemoneyfortheSPCA.3.______aretheygoingtodoit?They”regoingtodoitatschool.4._____aretheygoingtodoit?They”regoingtodoitonSaturday1March.5.____aretheygoingtodoit?They”regoingtomakedifferentkindsoffood.6.____isgoingtohelpthem?Peter”sfatherisgoingtohelpthem.（2）一般將來時begoingto表示打算陳述句主＋be+goingto+動詞原形否定主＋be+not+goingto+動詞原形提問特殊疑問句＋be+主＋goingto+動原＋其它。I”mgoingtohaveahotdog.I”mnotgoingtohaveahotdog.Areyougoingtohaveahotdog?(3)用表示命令的動詞表示命令，也是祈使句①Sifttheflourandthesalt.②Addthesugar.③Useyourhandstomakeitintoadough.十二、(一)問路與指路1.問路的方法(1)HowcanIgettoCityCinema?(2)WhichisthewaytoCityCinema?(3)CouldyoutellmethewaytoCityCinema?(4)Whereisthenearestcinema?(5)Isthereacinemanearhere?2.指路的方法(1)Turnleft/Turnright.(2)WalkalongTreeRoad.(3)TurnleftintoRosestreet.(4)Youwillfindthecitycinemaonyourright.（二）so與neither引起的倒裝句。表示（……也是如此）So+動詞（助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/be動詞）+主語—肯定Neither+動詞（助動詞/情態(tài)動詞/be動詞）+主語—否定舉例：(1)Hecanswim,socanI.(2)Tomdoesn”tlikeswimming.NeitherdoI.(3)H