情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語法特征

學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語法特征1）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能表示正在發(fā)生或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，只表示期待或估計(jì)某事的發(fā)生。2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞除ought和have外，后面只能接不帶to的不定式。3）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱，數(shù)的變化，即情態(tài)動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)不加-s。4）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有非謂語形式，即沒有不定式，分詞，等形式。表示能力：can/could,beableto(+do)can和beableto的區(qū)別：觀察以下各句，可知can只能用于和；beableto可用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。eg:①Ican/amabletospeakEnglish.他能說英語。②Hecould/wasabletoeatfourpiecesofbreadwhenhewasyoung.③Theywillbeabletofinishthehouseworksoon.2）Can/couldyou+動(dòng)原+其它？表示征求對方意見或提出請求，表示委婉語氣，但在這個(gè)句型里could比can更委婉。但要注意它的回答用can不用could.Eg:---Couldyouhelpme?---Yes,Ican.表示許可：may/might,can/could.但一定要注意：以may開頭的疑問句的否定回答。例如：---MayIcomein?–Yes,youmay./No,youcan’t=No,youmustn’t.表示必須、必要：must,haveto表示；needn’t表示。Eg:Youmust/havetofinishthework.你必須完成這個(gè)工作。1）觀察以下句子，我們可知must表示說話人的；haveto表示。Eg:①Imustgohome.我必須回家；②Hehastogiveupsmokingbecauseofbadlycough.因?yàn)榭人?，他不得不戒煙?）觀察以下句子，我們可知mustn’t表示,譯為；don’thaveto譯為。Eg:①Youmustn’tbeather.你不準(zhǔn)打她。②–MustIfinishmyhomeworknow?—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t=youdon’thaveto-我必須現(xiàn)在完成作業(yè)嗎？--是的，你必須完成。/不，你不必了。4、表示推測：must,can,could,may,might.Eg:①Yourunforhours,youmustbeverytired.你跑了幾個(gè)鐘，你一定很累了。②Itcan’tbeJohn.HehasgonetotheUK.不可能是John,他已經(jīng)去了英國。③–Whocanitbe?---Itmay/could/mightbeJack.Itlookslikehim.--可能是誰呢？--可能是Jack,看起來像他。觀察以上各句總結(jié)：肯定推測譯為；否定推測譯為；疑問推測有個(gè)譯為；可能性推測用。及時(shí)訓(xùn)練并歸納最?？记閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法：1、---Wouldyouliketogofishingwithme?---Yes,/。2、---MayIputthesethingshere?---Yes,/No,3、---Mustwehandinourhomeworktoday?---Yes,/No,4、---Look!Someoneiscoming.Itbeourclassteacher.(用must/can/could/may/might填空)---Itbehim.HehasgonetoBeijing.1.中考怎么考？1.—Look!I’vechosensomanythingshere.—Doyouknowalltheseshould_______(付款)inUSdollars?(pay)2.—Shallwetakeataxi? —No,we_______.It’snotfarfromhere.A.can’t B.mustn’t C,shouldn’t D.needn’t3.—WhoseT-shirtisthis?—ItbeJohn's.It'smuchtoosmallforhim.A.may B.must C.can't D.shouldn't4.—Whatshouldwedoaboutthetrash?—It(65)(必須帶走)whenyouleave.(take)2.中考考什么？情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后+動(dòng)詞原形 例：Youmustfinishthework. 否定句：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not 例：Hecannotcarrythebox.can“能力,許可”例：Hecanswimnow.（能夠）can’t=cannot=cannot“不能”例：Hecan’tswimnow.(不能)could①could是“can的過去式”例：Hecouldswimthreeyearsago.②could還可以表示“客氣委婉的語氣或請求”，用在疑問句中?；卮饡r(shí)用can。例：CouldJimlendmehisbike?------Yes,hecan.★can和beableto在表示“能力”上意思相同，差別不大。can只有現(xiàn)在和過去兩種形式，而beableto有更多的時(shí)態(tài)形式 例：Noonecandoit.=Nooneisabletodoit. I’msorryIhaven’tbeenabletoansweryourletter.may“可以,許可,”例：MayIborrowyourruler?maynot“也許不”例：TodayJimmaynotcometoourparty.I______followyou.Wouldyoupleaserepeatit?A.can’t B.mustn’tC.needn’t D.shouldn’t—Iforgottobringmydictionary.CouldIuseyours?—Yes,you______.A.can B.must C.could D.should.--Paulinehaslostherphone.–No.It’sinherbag.I_________hearit.A.must B.can C.may D.shall.Finishyourhomeworkfirst,thenyou’ll_______watchTVforanhour.A.canB.beabletoC.ableDcould.—_______Ihavelunchnow,Mom?—No.Youmustwashyourhandsfirst.A.Would B.May C.Oughtto.—Haveyoudecidedwheretogoforyoursummervacation?—Notyet.We_______gotoQingdao.It'sagoodplaceforvacation.A.mayB.needC.must.youpleasegivemeahand?Theboxistooheavy.A.ShouldB.CouldC.MustD.Needmust“必須”例：Youmustfinishtheworktoday. mustnot=mustn’t“不可以，不應(yīng)該”例：Youmustn’tlendthebooktosomeoneelse.★must和haveto都表示必須，must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀看法，haveto強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀事實(shí)需要。must只有現(xiàn)在和過去兩種形式，而haveto有更多的時(shí)態(tài)形式。 例：Imustfinishthework. （主觀上想完成） Myteacherwillcometomyhome,soIhavetocleanmyroom.（老師要來是客觀原因） Wewillhavetofinishthework. （用于將來時(shí)用haveto，而must則不能）need“必要,必定”例：Youneedstarttheworknow.needn’t=neednot“不必”例：Weneedn’thurry.★need還用作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞，有各種變化 例：Heneedstoknowit.（肯定句）Hedoesn’tneedtoknowit.（否定句）Doesheneedtoknowit?（一般疑問句）haveto+動(dòng)詞原形，表示“必須做---”。例：Hehastofinishhishomeworkatfirst.Hedoesn’thavetofinishhishomeworkatfirst.Theboyshavetofinishtheirhomeworkatfirst.Theboysdon’thavetofinishtheirhomeworkatfirst.—Dad,mustwewaituntilthelightbecomesgreen?—Yes,I'mafraidwe______.That'sthetrafficrule.A.canB.mayC.havetoD.need—Excuseme,mayIkeepthebookalittlelonger?—Sorry.You________returnittoday.A.must B.mustn’t C.can D.can’tChildren_______sitinthefrontseatofacar.It’stoodangerous.A.needB.needn’tC.mustD.mustn’tWe______paytogetintotheconcert.It'sfree.A.can’t B.mustn’t C.mightnot D.don’thaveto情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的一般疑問句的回答有變化 Canheswim? Yes,hecan. No,hecan’t. MayIwatchTVnow? Yes,youmay(can). No,youmustn’t.或can’t. MustIfinishtheworknow? Yes,youmust. No,youneedn’t.=youdon’thaveto.—MustIwatertheflowersnow,mum?—No,you.Youdoitlater.A.mustn’t;mustB.mustn’t;mayC.needn’t;mayD.needn’t;must—MayItakethismagazineoutofthereadingroom?—No,you____.Youreaditinhere.A.mightn’t B.won’t C.needn’t D.mustn’t—CanIparkmycarinfrontofthebuilding?—No,you________.A.won't B.can't C.needn't D.couldn't—MayIplaycomputergames,Mom?—No,you____________.A.don’t B.can’tC.wouldn’tD.won’t—MayIsmokehere?—No,you_______.Thisisano-smokingroom.A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.couldn’tD.wouldn’t情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示猜測情態(tài)動(dòng)詞推測意思①mustmust+動(dòng)詞原形“一定是---”②may\mightmay\might+動(dòng)詞原形“也許是---”③couldcould+動(dòng)詞原形“可能是---”④cancan’t+動(dòng)詞原形“不可能是---”例：①Youmustbeill.Icanseeitfromyourface.(一定是病了，表示對現(xiàn)在的推測)②Johnisabsent.Hemay\mightbeill.(也許是病了，表示對現(xiàn)在的推測)③TheguitarcouldbeJim’s.(可能是，表示對現(xiàn)在的推測)④Hecan’tbeintheroom.（不可能是，表示對現(xiàn)在的推測）—Who’ssinginginthegarden?—ItbeMr.Brown.Healwayspracticessingingatthistime.A.must B.can’t C.need—IsthemanoverthereMr.Brown?—It______him.HehasgonetoBraziltowatchthe2014FIFAWorldCup.A.maynotB.can’tbeC.shouldn’tD.mustn’t—Bob,whereisLinda?—She_______beinthelibrary,butIamnotsure.A.mustB.mayC.needD.hasto—Whereareyougoingthismonth?—We______gotoXiamen,butwe'renotsure.A.needn’t B.must C.might D.mustn't—IsMrBrowndrivinghere?—I’mnotsure.He______comebytrain.A.mayB.shallC.needD.musthadbetter+動(dòng)詞原形，表示“最好做---”。例：Youhadbettertakethebooksaway.否定句：hadbetter+not+動(dòng)詞原形。例：Youhadbetternottakethebooksaway.should+動(dòng)詞原形，表示“應(yīng)該做---”。例：Theyshouldfinishthehomeworkontime.shouldn’t表示“不應(yīng)該---”例：Theyshouldnotfinishthehomeworkatschool.It’sratherhotintheroom.You’dbetter_______thewindowsorthedoor.A.close B.nottoclose C.don’tclose D.notcloseAcountryhasdreams.Weteenagers________alsohavedreams.Withdreamsandhardwork,anythingamazingcanbecreated.A.may B.must C.should一網(wǎng)打盡：—Iknowbywhattimeyouwanttheprojecttobedone?—Bythedayaftertomorrow.youfinishitontime?A.May;Can B.Must;Need C.Could;Must D.Need;Would—MustIhandinmyhomeworknow,Mr.Smith?—No,you_______.A.can’t B.shouldn’t C.wouldn’tD.needn’tThemanisfeelingmuchbetternow,soyou______calladoctor.A.needn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.shouldn’tIfyou_____smoke,pleasegooutside.A.can B.may C.must D.mightLookatthe“Noparking”sign.You_____parkyourcarhere.A.shouldB.mustC.needn’tD.mustn’t—_______youleavenow?Youonlyarrivedhereanhourago.—Sorry,butsomuchhomeworkiswaitingforme.A.MayB.MustC.CanD.MightHereismyphonenumber.You_______callmeanytimeyoulike.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.need—Let’sgoclimbing,shallwe?—You____bejoking!Don’tyouknowI’mafraidofhighplaces?A.mayB.canC.mustD.should—Areyouinterestedinshoppingonline?—Notsomuch.We____seerealproductsbutpictures.A.shouldn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t—Couldyoupleasehaveawalkwithme?—Sorry,I____.Ihavesomethingimportanttodonow.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.maynot—Lingling,canIuseyoure-dictionary?—Sure.Butyou_______returnitafterclass.A.mustB.canC.mayD.would—Look,someoneleftabook.—Oh,yeah…Thisbook_______beKitty’s.Onlyshelikestoreadthiskindofbooks.A.canB.mustC.mayD.might—Isthelong-hairedmanBruce?—No,it_______behim.He’sinNewYorknow.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynotPeople_______waituntilthetrafficbecomesgreen.That’sthetrafficrule.A.mustB.canC.needD.may—LiLei,hurryup!Thebusiscoming.—Oh,no.We______crossthestreetuntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.A.mustn’t B.maynot C.needn’t D.haveto—HowmanyEnglishwordsdoyouthinkIshouldknow?—Asmanyasyou____.Thenyouwillfindreadingquiteeasy.A.willB.mustC.canD.mightExcuseme,sir.You______openthedoorbeforethetrainstops.A.mustn't B.needn’t C.maynot D.don’thavetoYoumustn’tgooffonyourown,becauseyou_______getlostinthemountains.A.should B.must C.need D.might—Areyouinahurry?—NO,I’vegotplentyoftimeIwait.A.can B.can’t C.must D.mustn’t—_________Ihelpyou,sir?—Yes.IwantaT-shirt.A.CanB.ShouldC.MustD.Would—Honey,stayhomebeforeIreturn.—I________,mum.A.mustB.canC.willD.should—CanIborrowyourruler，please?—Yes，you.Butyoumustreturnittomebeforelunchtime.A.haveB.canC.mustD.usedto—Difficultiesalwaysgowithme!—Cheerup!IfGodclosesadoorinfrontofyou,there______beawindowopenedforyou.A.wouldB.mustD.couldD.canAmy,Ihearyou’vegotmanyforeigncoins.__Ihavealook?—Ofcourse,I’llfetchthemforyou.A.May B.Must C.Should D.Need29.—Honey,howareyoufeelingnow?—Iammuchbetter,Mum.Soyou________takemetoseethedoctor.A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.couldn’tCouldyoupleasetellmehowtoimprovemyspokenEnglish?---Certainly,I_______.A.can B.couldC.must()Excuseme.HowcanIgettotherailwaystation?---Turnleftandthenfollowyournose.You_____missit!A.mustn’t B.can’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t()MayItakemypetdogwithmeintothecinema?------Therulesaysno.Soyou________.A.can B.mustn’t C.may()Willyouanswerthetelephone?It________beyourmother.------Sorry,I________.I’mbusy.A.can,mustn’t B.will,can’t C.may,can’t D.need,will()Wouldyoupleasehelpmewiththequestions?---Sorry.You___goandaskMary.She___knowtheanswer.A.must,can B.can,may C.need,can D.must,may()Let’sgototheconcerttonight,Michael!---Sorry,I_____.Ihavetohelpmymotherwiththehousework.A.mustn’t B.maynot C.needn’t D.can’t()Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.You’dbetter________thewindowsopenwhenyouleavethehouse.A.notleave B.leave C.nottoleave D.toleave()Fourhundreddollarsforapairofshoes!You________bejoking!A.may B.can C.need D.must()Thereissomebodyatthedoor.________Igoandseewhoitis?A.Shall B.Must C.Will D.Would()We________fightagainstpollution.A.may B.should C.mustn’t D.needn’t()IsSimoncomingbytrain?------Heshould,buthe________not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.may B.shall C.need D.must()Willyoupleasestayherefortheparty?---Sorry,I________.I’llhavetogotoanimportantmeeting.A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.can’t D.won’t()________Ihavetoshowtheschoolreporttomyparents,MissKing!------Yes,youdo.A.Must B.Do C.Ca