2024-2025學年新教材高中英語Unit5Revealingnature泛讀知識細解碼學案外研版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGEUnit5Revealingnature1．seedn．種子，籽→seedlessadj.無籽的2．evolvev．進化→evolutionn．進化3．suspectv．猜想，懷疑，覺得→suspectedadj.被懷疑的4．generatev．產(chǎn)生，創(chuàng)建→generationn．產(chǎn)生distantadj.遙遠的；久遠的；不同的；恍惚的1．Thetimewespenttogetherisnowadistantmemory. 久遠的2．Theirlifeseemedutterlydistantfromhisown. 不同的3．Therewasadistantlookinhereyes；hermindwasobviouslyonsomethingelse. 恍惚的WordsandPhrases學問要點1distantadj.遙遠的(教材P50)Thecaptainoftheship，theBeagle，wantedsomeonewhowould“profitbytheopportunityofvisitingdistantcountriesyetlittleknown”．“貝格爾號”船長須要聘請一個人，此人能“有機會訪問遙遠而鮮為人知的國家并從中受益”。[例]Patsoundedverycoldanddistantonthephone.從電話里聽起來帕特特別冷淡和疏遠。[學問拓展](1)be(＋距離)distantfromsth. 離某物(……)遠(2)distancen. 距離atadistance 隔一段距離；距離稍遠inthedistance 在遠處at/fromadistanceof... 在/從……遠的地方keepsb.atadistance 對……冷淡；與……疏遠distanceoneselffrom 使遠離；使疏遠[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Hishousestandsonahillandcanbeseenfromadistance(distant)oftwomiles，whilemineistenmilesdistantfromhishouse.②Wecouldseenothinginthethickfogat/fromadistanceoffivemetres，sowegotlost.③Hethrewthestonewithallhisstrengthanditfellintoapondinthedistance(在遠處)．[小片段填空]Wecanseethewaterfallinthedistance，whosesoundcanbeheardatadistanceoftwomiles.Itlooksquitebeautifulfromadistance，Ithink.我們可以望見遠處的瀑布，它的聲音在兩英里遠的地方就能聽見。我認為從遠處看它很美麗。學問要點2answerthecall響應號召(教材P50)Thepersonwhoansweredthecallwasnotthecaptain'sfirstchoice.來應聘的人不是船長的首選。[例]Theyoungmanansweredthecallandjoinedthearmytodefendhiscountry.這個年輕人響應號召，參軍保衛(wèi)祖國。[學問拓展]answerthephone/acall 接聽電話answerthedoor 開門，應門answercriticism/charges/accusation 就指責/指控/指責等作出回應answeraneed 滿意需求answeradescription 與描述相符[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Ikeptringingthebell，butnooneanswered(answer)thedoor.②Amananswering(answer)thepolice'sdescriptionwasseenenteringthebuilding.③Howdoyouanswerthecriticismthatyourgovernmenthasdonenothingtohelpthehomeless?有人指責你們的政府沒有為無家可歸的人供應任何幫助，你對此有何回應？學問要點3beadisgrace是恥辱，是丟臉的事(教材P50)What'smore，hehadrecentlyreceivedaletterfromhisfatherpredictingthathewouldbe“adisgracetoyourselfandallyourfamily”．更有甚者，他最近收到了父親的一封信，信中預言他將是“他和全家的恥辱”。[例]Heisadisgraceandanembarrassmenttothishospital.他是這家醫(yī)院的恥辱和尷尬。[學問拓展](1)disgracev． 使丟臉；使蒙受恥辱；使名譽掃地； 使失勢；使失去地位(2)indisgrace 很不討人喜愛bringdisgraceon 使……蒙羞thereisnodisgraceindoingsth. 做某事不丟臉[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①MumtoldmeMeggiewassenthomeindisgrace.②Hisactionsbroughtdisgraceonthefamily.③Therewasnodisgraceinfinishing(finish)fourth.④Youareadisgracetothemedicalprofession.你是醫(yī)學界的恥辱。學問要點4leadto引起，導致；通向(教材P50)Despiteallthis，hisadventuresonthisshipwouldleadtooneofthemostimportantscientificdiscoveriesofalltime.盡管如此，他在這艘船上的冒險經(jīng)驗將導致有史以來最重要的科學發(fā)覺之一。[例]Excuseme，doesthisroadleadtotherailwaystation?請問，這條路通向火車站嗎？[學問拓展]leadsb.todosth. 使某人做某事leadsb.to/into... 領(lǐng)著某人去/進入……leadahappylife 過著華蜜的生活inthelead 領(lǐng)先，處于首位takethelead 帶頭[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Theywereinthelead.Thefinishlinewasclose.②Thestudentswereledintothemuseum，mostofthemwithanotebook.③Theyleadabusyandcolourfullifeonthecampus.④Itisreportedthatthediscoveryofnewevidencehadledtothethiefbeingcaught．據(jù)報道，新證據(jù)的發(fā)覺導致小偷被抓住。學問要點5inquestion正被探討的；有疑問，不確定(教材P50)Theyoungmaninquestion，CharlesDarwin，wasageologistandnaturalist，fascinatedbyrocks，plantsandanimals.所提到的那位年輕人叫查爾斯·達爾文，是一位地質(zhì)學家和博物學家，對巖石、植物和動物都著迷。[例]Inmyopinion，you'dbetterkeepyourdistancefromthemaninquestion.依我看，你最好離那個被探討的人遠一點。[學問拓展]outofquestion(＝withoutquestion) 沒問題outofthequestion 不行能，無法接受[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Herversionofeventswasacceptedwithoutquestion.②Thefutureofpublictransportisnotinquestion.③Anothertripabroadthisyearisoutofthequestion．今年再度出國旅行是絕不行能的。學問要點6becrowdedwith堆滿，擠滿(教材P51)AfterDarwinhadspentsometimeinSouthAmerica，hisroomontheshipwascrowdedwithsamplesoftheplantsandanimalshehadcollected.達爾文在南美洲待了一段時間后，他船上的房間里塞滿了他收集的動植物樣本。[例]Theoldtownsquarewascrowdedwithpeople.古老的小鎮(zhèn)廣場上擠滿了人。[學問拓展]crowdedadj. 擁擠的crowdn．&v. 人群/擁擠；聚集acrowdof/crowdsof... 一大群……，很多crowdin(onsb.) 涌上(心頭)，涌入(腦海)crowdintoone'smind 涌上某人的心頭crowdinto... 大批涌入(狹小的空間)[即學即練]單句語法填空/一句多譯①Therewerecrowds(crowd)ofpeopleatthetheatre.②Thismorning，thegroundiscrowdedwithwhitesnow.③Thecrowdwas/were(be)marchingonthestreettoimprovetheirlivingconditions.④他突然有了一個想法：建設(shè)另一條高速馬路就能解決問題。a．Athoughtcrowdedintohismindthatbuildinganotherexpresswaycouldsolvetheproblem.b．Athoughtcrowdedinonhimthatbuildinganotherexpresswaycouldsolvetheproblem.[名師點津]crowd可用作名詞，譯作“人群，大眾”，在句中作主語時，謂語動詞接單數(shù)或復數(shù)對待均可，thecrowd“老百姓，大眾”。學問要點7(教材P51)Maybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments?或許動物是隨著適應環(huán)境的改變而進化的？(1)evolvev．進化；發(fā)展[例]Eachschoolmustevolveitsownwayofworking.每個學校必需形成自己的辦學方式。[學問拓展](1)evolvefrom 從……進化；從……漸漸形成evolveinto 漸漸演化，逐步發(fā)展(2)evolutionn. 進化(論)；演化[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Heisinterestedintheevolution(evolve)ofthecomputeroverthepast30years.②Allinall，atleastatthisstage，it'sunlikelythatonlinelearningwillevolveintothedominantformofeducation.③TheideaevolvedfromadrawingIdiscoveredintheroom.這種想法是從我在房間里發(fā)覺的一幅畫得到啟發(fā)的。(2)adaptto適應，適合[例]Wemustadapttothenewchangesthroughourcontinuouslearning.我們必需通過持續(xù)不斷的學習來適應新改變。[學問拓展](1)adapt...to... 使……適應或適合……adapt...from... 依據(jù)……改編或改寫adapt...for... 改編或改作……之用(2)adaptableadj. 能適應的，適應性強的adaptationn. 改編(本)，改造；適應[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Themoviethathadbeenadaptedforchildrenwasadaptedfromanovel.②HaveyouwatchedtheTVseriesadaptedfromhisnovelofthesamename?③Mike，MaryandIhadadiscussionabouttheadaptation(adapt)oftheclassicliteratureyesterday.④Isuggestedhe(should)adapthimselftohisnewconditions.我建議他應當使自己適應新的環(huán)境。學問要點8suspectv．猜想，懷疑，覺得(教材P51)Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromacommonancestor，whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.達爾文認為這些雀科小鳥是從一個共同的祖先進化而來，這個祖先很久以前就來到了這些島嶼。[例]Heistheprimesuspectinthecase.他是這個案子的首要嫌疑人。[學問拓展]suspectthat... 認為/猜想/覺得……suspectsb.tobe... 懷疑某人是……suspectsb.of(doing)sth. 懷疑某人(做過)某事[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Whathesaidsoundedreasonable，butIsuspectedittobe(be)alie.②Thedoctorsuspectedthathewasillwithflu.③Whatmadeyoususpectherofhavingstolenthemoney?你憑什么懷疑錢是她偷的？SentencePattern重點句式so...that...句型(教材P51)ButDarwin'sscientificstudiesweresoconvincingthatmoreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.但是達爾文的科學探討特別令人信服，結(jié)果越來越多的人起先信任他的理論。句式分析：句中的so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”，that引導結(jié)果狀語從句。[例]Hewassoangrythathecouldn'tsayaword.他氣得說不出話。[學問拓展]so＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(形容詞/副詞＋that...,形容詞＋a（n）＋單數(shù)名詞＋that...,many/much/few/little（少的）＋名詞＋that...))sucheq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(a（n）＋形容詞＋單數(shù)名詞＋that...,形容詞＋復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不行數(shù)名詞＋that...))[即學即練]單句語法填空/一句多譯①ItissuchniceweatherthatIwouldliketogotothebeach.②TheshopsellssuchexpensivegoodsthatIwanttobuynothingthere.③Hegavemesolittletimethatitwasimpossibleformetofinishtheworkontime.④他是這樣好的人，我們不能怪他。a．He'ssuchagoodpersonthatwemustn'tblamehim.b．He'ssogoodapersonthatwemustn'tblamehim.(教材P51)WhentheBeaglereachedtheGalápagosIslandsin1835，Darwinsawavarietyofnewspecies，butitwasthebirdsthatinterestedhimthemost.[分析]本句是一個并列復合句。but連接兩個并列分句，第一個分句是復合句，when引導時間狀語從句，but后面是一個強調(diào)句，強調(diào)主語thebirds。[譯文]1835年，當“貝格爾號”到達加拉帕戈斯群島時，達爾文看到了很多新物種，但最令他感愛好的是鳥類。教材高考1.Thecaptainoftheship，theBeagle，wantedsomeonewhowould“profitbytheopportunityofvisitingdistantcountriesyetlittleknown”．(2024·天津卷)Tomanypeople，technologymeanscomputers，hand-helddevices，orvehiclesthattraveltodistantplanets.2.Maybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments？(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)Agroupofsea-dwellingpeopleinSoutheastAsiahaveevolvedintobetterdivers.3.Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromacommonancestor，whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)InSamarkand，MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders，whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Togrowcrops，youhavetolearnhowtosowtheseeds(seed)．2．Theycollectseveralbloodsamples(sample)foranalysisatanationallaboratory.3．Thekeynotespeechisabouttheevolution(evolve)ofthecomputer.4．Itwassuspected(suspect)thathehadsomeconnectionwiththerobbery.5．Thestonetoolsindicatetheearlyculturalcapabilitiesofourhumanancestors(ancestor)．6．Naturalselectionensuresonlythefittestsurvivetopasstheirgenesontothenextgeneration(generate)．7．TheswimmerwassenthomefromtheOlympicsindisgrace.8．Thetraditionalcrosstalkhasalonghistory，dating(date)backtotheQinDynasty.9．Thechildrenwatched，fascinated(fascinate)，asthepicturebegantoappear.10．Itwasinasmallvillageinthesouththathespenthischildhood.Ⅱ.短語填空answerthecall，beadisgrace，beginwith，leadto，ofalltime，becrowdedwith，besimilarto，lookfor，accordingto，beregardedas1．NotonlyisyourmarkinEnglishadisgrace，butyouhaveevenfailedinmathematics.2．Heisregardedasthemostsuccessfulmusicianofmoderntimes.3．Airports，railwaystationsandlong-distancebusstationsarecrowdedwithhomereturners.4．Hesaiddroughthadledtoseverecropfailureforthesecondyearrunning.5．Asasayinggoes，ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswiththefirststep.6．Weallneedtolookforwaystoreduceourcarbonfootprint.7．RobertoBaggiowassettobecomeoneofthegreatestplayersofalltime．8．Letussupposeanotherplanetwithconditionsissimilartothoseontheearth.9．Ifallgoesaccordingtoplan，thefirstconcertwillbeonTuesdayevening.10．Youmusthavefallenasleep，becauseittookyoualongtimetoanswerthecall．Ⅲ.課文語法填空AsayoungmanCharlesDarwinwasregardedas1.adisgracetohimselfandhisfamily.H