云南省高三下學(xué)期333高考備考診斷性聯(lián)考（二）英語試題

2024屆“3+3+3”高考備考診斷性聯(lián)考卷（二）英語注意事項：1．答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2．每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。在試題卷上作答無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。滿分120分，考試用時100分鐘。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ABesidesgettingoutintonatureyourself,thenextbestthingistotakeitallinthroughthepagesofabook.Butwheretostart?Checkoutournaturalhistorybookremendations.LivingasaNaturalistByLiuHuajie,ChinaHaveyoueverwantedtogetdowntothelevelofplantsandseetheworldthroughtheir“eyes”?LivingasaNaturalistinvitesyouintothisworld.Thisbookmakesnaturalhistoryaccessibleandattractive.ItinterpretsancientChineseeducationalandphilosophicalideasofknowingaboutnaturefromanaturalhistoryperspective.ItalsointroduceskeyfiguresintheWest’sapproachtothesubject.Thisisalldonewithahumorousandengagingwritingstylewhilefeaturingbeautifulimagesofplantsandanimals.MyFirstSummerintheSierraByJohnMuir,US/UKInthesummerof1869,JohnMuir,a31yearoldScottishimmigrant,joinedagroupofshepherdsinthefoothillsofCalifornia’sSierraNevadamountainrangeforanadventurethatprovedlifechangingforhim.Duringthosefourmonths,hekeptadiarywhilefollowingaflockofsheep,paintingagloriouspictureofidyllicforestsandmajesticmountainpeaks.ThisdiarywastitledMyFirstSummerintheSierra,whichinspiredthousandsofAmericanstovisitthearea.ItlaterbecamethewellknownYosemiteNationalPark.ThePeregrineByJ.A.Baker,UKIn1965,JohnA.Bakergaveuphisworkandlivedonhisearnings,devotingallhistimetoobservingtheperegrinefalcon(游隼).Fromautumntospring,BakertrackedtheingsandgoingsofapairofperegrinefalconsineasternEnglandbybicycleandonfoot,documentingtheirlivesandtheenvironmenttheylivein.Likethebirditself,Bakerhasakeeneyefordetail.Thebird’smostexcitingmoments,likefastflyingandhuntingprey,arebroughttolifebyBaker.Inhiseyes,themostimportantaspectsofnaturalhistoryanditsdocumentationarepatience,passionandobservation.1.WhatisincludedinLivingasaNaturalist?A.Storiesaboutshepherds. B.Drawingsofwesternfigures.C.Picturesofcreatures. D.Theoriesaboutnaturalscience.2.WhatdoesMyFirstSummerintheSierraleadto?A.Immigrants’pursuitofanindependentlife. B.Thepopularityofnaturalhistorybooks.C.John’sdedicationtoanimalprotection. D.People’saffectionfortheregion.3.WhatmakesThePeregrineasuccess?A.Greatpatienceandsubtleobservation.B.Thehumorousandengagingwritingstyle.C.Theconceptof“wilderness”rootedinBaker’sheart.D.Practicalexamplesoflivingharmoniouslywiththebird.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。介紹了有關(guān)自然歷史的三本經(jīng)典書籍。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LivingasaNaturalist中關(guān)鍵句“Thisisalldonewithahumorousandengagingwritingstylewhilefeaturingbeautifulimagesofplantsandanimals.(這一切都是以幽默和迷人的寫作風(fēng)格完成的，同時以美麗的植物和動物圖片為特色)”可知，該書的一大特色是含有漂亮的動植物圖片，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MyFirstSummerintheSierra中關(guān)鍵句“ThisdiarywastitledMyFirstSummerintheSierra,whichinspiredthousandsofAmericanstovisitthearea.(這本日記標(biāo)題是《我在塞拉的第一個夏天》，它激勵了成千上萬的美國人去參觀這個地區(qū))”可知，該書激發(fā)了人們對此地的熱愛之情，故選D。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThePeregrinez中關(guān)鍵句“Inhiseyes,themostimportantaspectsofnaturalhistoryanditsdocumentationarepatience,passionandobservation.(在他看來，自然歷史及其文獻(xiàn)最重要的方面是耐心、激情和觀察)”可知，在Baker眼里，自然歷史及其文獻(xiàn)最重要的方面是耐心、熱情以及觀察。由此可見，他作品的成功得益于他極大的耐心和敏銳的洞察力，故選A。BFromsweepinglandscapestoamazingbuildings,Taiwanisanislandthatmanytouristsvisitfrequently.That’swhyitcanseemoddthatoneofitsmostfamouslandmarksistwohumblemailboxes.LocatedintheZhongshanDistrictinthecityofTaipei,theseuniquemailboxeshavecaughtthepublic’simaginationthankstotheirappearance.Unlikemostmailboxes,thesetwoareseverelybent.Duetoitslocation,Taiwantendstobestruckbytyphoons,asitisusuallyhitbythreeorfourwindstormsayear.In2015,aparticularlybadoneknownasTyphoonSoudelorstrucktheisland.Duringthestorm,abillboardgotlooseduetotheheavywindsandhitthemailboxes.Whileitbenttheirposts,itdidn’ttearthemdown.Afterthestormwasover,peoplecameacrossthenewlyleaningmailboxesandfellinlovewiththem.Notonlydidtheylookadorable,buttheywerealsoasymbolofresilience(堅韌)andsurvival.Socialmediaquicklycaughtwindofthesenewlandmarksandpeoplebeganvisitingthem.Itwasn’tlongbeforetheystartedstagingfunphotoswiththenewlandmarks,usingforcedperspective—similartothewaytouristsposeinItalywiththeLeaningTowerofPisa.Thisledauthoritiestoacceptthesymbolismofthemailboxeswillingly,andinsteadofrepairingthem,theyaddedaboardtellingtheirstoryinChinese,English,andJapanese.Theboardreads:“OnAugust8th,2015,TyphoonSoudelorstruckTaiwan.Wewerehitintheheadsbyasignboardasaresultandcouldn’thelpbutleanoverfromthepain.Itwassopainfulinfact—wecan’tstandupstraightanymore.Butwepersevered:wedidn’tfalloverafterall.Wehavetotakelifeasitesandinaway,Ithinkwelookmoreartsyandsophisticatedthisway!Doweinspireyou?Takeapicturewithustoremindyourselvesthatweareallsurvivorsandcanperseverenomatterwhat.”ThebestpartofthisTaipeiattractionisthatthemailboxesarestilloperational.Thelettersintheboxesareevenmarkedwithaspecialstampthatshowsthefamousmailboxes.4.Whyarethemailboxesbent?A.Theywerestruckbyabillboard.B.Theyweresqueezedbyahugestone.C.Theywereblownoverbythestrongwind.D.Theywereremodeledonpurposebytheirdesigner.5.Whydidn’tthegovernmentrepairthemailboxes?A.Theyweredifficulttofix. B.Theyhadbeeverymercialized.C.Theyweregainingpopularityamongtourists. D.TheywereaforttotheTyphoonsufferers.6.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinParagraph4probablymean?A.Havingexperiencedalot. B.Withdelicatedecorations.C.Offirstclassquality. D.Beingwindproof.7.Howdothemailboxesinspirepeople?A.Theypresentveryhighartisticvalue.B.Theyindicatefocusonbeautyappreciation.C.Theywarnpeopleofdamagingeffectsoftyphoons.D.Theysymbolizegreatcourageinthefaceofadversity.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。介紹了臺北中山區(qū)的兩個郵箱在臺風(fēng)期間被廣告牌砸中，發(fā)生嚴(yán)重彎曲卻依然不倒，因其可愛的外形和獨特的象征意義而受到游客的喜愛。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Duringthestorm,abillboardgotlooseduetotheheavywindsandhitthemailboxes.Whileitbenttheirposts,itdidn’ttearthemdown.(在暴風(fēng)雨中，一塊廣告牌因大風(fēng)而松動，砸在了郵箱上。雖然它弄彎了柱子，但并沒有把它們砸倒)”可知，在風(fēng)暴期間，一塊廣告牌因強(qiáng)風(fēng)而松動，砸到了郵箱，使其彎曲。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Socialmediaquicklycaughtwindofthesenewlandmarksandpeoplebeganvisitingthem.Itwasn’tlongbeforetheystartedstagingfunphotoswiththenewlandmarks,usingforcedperspective—similartothewaytouristsposeinItalywiththeLeaningTowerofPisa.Thisledauthoritiestoacceptthesymbolismofthemailboxeswillingly,andinsteadofrepairingthem,theyaddedaboardtellingtheirstoryinChinese,English,andJapanese.(社交媒體很快就發(fā)現(xiàn)了這些新地標(biāo)，人們開始參觀它們。沒過多久，他們就開始用強(qiáng)迫視角拍攝這些新地標(biāo)的有趣照片——類似于游客在意大利對比薩斜塔的拍照方式。這使得當(dāng)局心甘情愿地接受了這些郵箱的象征意義，他們沒有修理它們，而是在上面加了一塊用中文、英文和日文講述他們的故事的板)”可知，社交媒體很快就聽到了這些新地標(biāo)的風(fēng)聲，人們開始參觀它們，這讓當(dāng)局心甘情愿地接受了郵箱的象征意義，所以并沒有修理他們。故選C?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段劃線詞前文“Itwassopainfulinfact—wecan’tstandupstraightanymore.Butwepersevered:wedidn’tfalloverafterall.Wehavetotakelifeasitesandinaway,Ithinkwelookmoreartsy(它是如此痛苦，事實上，我們不能站直了。但我們堅持了下來：我們終究沒有倒下。我們必須接受生活，在某種程度上，我認(rèn)為我們看起來更有藝術(shù)性)”可知，這是當(dāng)局對于郵箱解釋文字。郵箱被廣告牌砸中，痛得忍不住俯下身來，但還是堅持了下來，終究沒有倒下，它們隨遇而安，在某種意義上，沒有被修復(fù)過的郵箱看起來更有藝術(shù)感，更有故事感，經(jīng)歷了更多，劃線詞與“Havingexperiencedalot.經(jīng)歷了很多”意思相近。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句“Doweinspireyou?Takeapicturewithustoremindyourselvesthatweareallsurvivorsandcanperseverenomatterwhat.(我們激勵了你嗎？和我們一起拍張照片，提醒自己我們都是幸存者，無論如何都能堅持下去)”可知，郵箱在風(fēng)暴中堅持了下來，象征著面對逆境的巨大勇氣。故選D。CBrazilianscientiststhinktheymighthavefoundawaytoundothedamagecausedbythecuttingdownoftreesandturnfarmlandbackintoforest.Thesecretliesinancientlocalknowledgeofsoil.AmazonianDarkEarth(ADE)isathick,blacksoilfounddeepintheAmazonrainforest,anditcouldhelprestoreforestsaroundtheworld.ADEisakindofpost(soilmadefromdeadplantsandanimals).Variouskindsofpostaresoldingardeningcentersaroundtheworld,butADEisunique.ItwascreatedbyindigenouspeoplefromtheAmazonbetween2,000and2,500yearsago.TheAmazonianpeople,todayknownasAmerindians,createdADEusingcharcoalfromfires,animalbones,foodwasteandpoo.Itcontainsmicrobes(微生物)thathelptoturnchemicalsinthesoilintousefulnutrientsthatfeedplantsandtrees.VastareasoftheAmazonhavebeencutdown,mostlytomakewayforgrasslandforraisingcattle.Scientistsarelookingforawaytoturngrasslandbackintorainforestandreviveforestecosystems.Thesesupportthousandsofanimalandplantspecies,manyofwhichareuniquetothearea.Forestsalsoabsorblotsofcarbondioxide.ToseeiftheAmazon’sspecialsoilcouldhelp,thescientistsgrewgrassesandtreesinADE,regularearthandamixtureofboth.TreesgrowninADEwereuptosixtimestallerthanthoseinregularsoil.ADEtakeshundredsofyearstocreate,sothescientistscan’tsimplymakemore.Teammember,DrSiuMuiTsai,saidthatinsteadtheywanttotryand“copyitscharacteristics”,especiallyitshelpfulmicrobes,andseeifitcouldhelptorestorenaturalhabitats.8.WhatmakesADEvaluable?A.Itshistoryofthousandsofyears. B.Itspotentialtoenhancereforestation.C.Itsmedicalpropertiesforplantsandanimals. D.ItsbeingdiscoveredbytheAmazonianpeople.9.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thenecessityofrestoringforests.B.Theserioussituationofendangeredanimals.C.ThepositiveeffectsofADEonforestecosystems.D.Theadaptationofgrasslandstothechangingclimate.10.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.AnalternativeisboundtoreplaceADE.B.Soilwithsimilarfeaturesisindevelopment.C.ADEworksbetterwhenmixedwithregularsoil.D.ADEhasbeenprovedeffectiveingrowingtrees.11.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Abiologytextbook. B.Anarcheologyjournal.C.Asciencemagazine. D.Aliterarycollection.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。介紹了在亞馬遜雨林深處發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種黑土（ADE）可以幫助恢復(fù)世界各地的森林。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“AmazonianDarkEarth(ADE)isathick,blacksoilfounddeepintheAmazonrainforest,anditcouldhelprestoreforestsaroundtheworld.(亞馬遜黑土是在亞馬遜雨林深處發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種厚厚的黑土，它可以幫助恢復(fù)世界各地的森林)”可知，亞馬遜黑土的價值在于它可以幫助恢復(fù)世界各地的森林。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“VastareasoftheAmazonhavebeencutdown,mostlytomakewayforgrasslandforraisingcattle.Scientistsarelookingforawaytoturngrasslandbackintorainforestandreviveforestecosystems.Thesesupportthousandsofanimalandplantspecies,manyofwhichareuniquetothearea.Forestsalsoabsorblotsofcarbondioxide.(亞馬遜的大片地區(qū)已經(jīng)被砍伐，主要是為了給養(yǎng)牛的草地讓路?？茖W(xué)家們正在尋找一種將草原變回雨林并恢復(fù)森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的方法。這里孕育著成千上萬的動植物物種，其中許多是該地區(qū)獨有的。森林也吸收大量的二氧化碳)”可知，本段主要介紹了退耕還林的必要性，故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“TreesgrowninADEwereuptosixtimestallerthanthoseinregularsoil.(在亞馬遜黑土中生長的樹木比在普通土壤中生長的樹木高6倍)”可知，生長在亞馬遜黑土中的樹木比生長在普通土壤中的樹木高六倍，說明亞馬遜黑土在促進(jìn)樹木生長方面非常有效。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Brazilianscientiststhinktheymighthavefoundawaytoundothedamagecausedbythecuttingdownoftreesandturnfarmlandbackintoforest.Thesecretliesinancientlocalknowledgeofsoil.(巴西科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，他們可能已經(jīng)找到了一種方法，可以消除砍伐樹木造成的破壞，將農(nóng)田變回森林。秘密在于當(dāng)?shù)毓爬系耐寥乐R)”可知，全文介紹了亞馬遜黑土可以幫助恢復(fù)世界各地的森林，很可能出自一本科學(xué)雜志。故選C。DInthemorethan6,000yearsoflivingincities,humanshavealwayshadtofindsolutionstoproblemsconcerninghowtheyliveandwork,suchassanitation,transportation,crimeandenvironmentalprotection.Today,usingcuttingedgetechnologies,smartcitiescancoverthemall.Wearenowintheeraofbeing“smart”.AccordingtotheEuropeanmission,asmartcityis“aplacewheretraditionalnetworksandservicesaremademoreefficientwiththeuseofdigitalsolutionsforthebenefitofitsinhabitantsandbusinesses”.Itmeanssmarterurbantransportnetworks,upgradedwatersuppliesandwastedisposalfacilitiesandmoreefficientwaystolightandheatbuildings.Italsomeansamoreinteractiveandresponsivecityadministration,saferpublicspacesandmeetingtheneedsofanagingpopulation.Theoriginoftheconceptofsmartcitiescanbetracedbacktothe1960sand1970s,whentheUSmunityAnalysisBureaubeganusingdatabases,aerialphotographyandotherdigitalmethodstocollectdataanddoanalysissothatthecitiescoulddirectservices,relievetheinfluenceofdisastersandreducepoverty.Smartcitiesrelyheavilyonautomation,connectivitytotheInternet,andtheInternetofthings(IoT).AccordingtoTWI,aglobalorganizationdedicatedtotechnologyengineering,asmartcityoperatesaccordingtofourbasicsteps:collection,analysis,munication,andaction.Inthisapproach,asetofsmartsensorswillcollectrealtimedataaboutpeopleandinfrastructure.Afterthedatacollectedisanalyzed,theresultwillbemunicatedtothedecisionmakers,whowilltakeactiontoimprovethequalityofcitylifeforitsresidents.Smartcitytechnologieshavealreadybeenappliedinsomecountriesandcitiesaroundtheworld.Singapore,forexample,hasintroducedawiderangeofsmarttechnologiesinbothitspublicandprivatesectorssincelaunchingitsSmartNationinitiativein2014.Tohelpwiththeagingpopulation,itintroducedadigitalhealthsystemallowingvideoconsultationsaswellaswearabledevicestomonitorpatients.12.Whatisthemainfeatureofasmartcity?A.Itcanmeettheneedsoftheelderly. B.Itisfullyevolvedandmultifunctional.C.Ithighlydependsonmoderntechnologies. D.Itisaplacewhereonecanliveacarefreelife.13.WhatmayTWIagreewith?A.Decisionmakersaresupposedtoanalyzetherealtimedata.B.Jointeffortsarerequiredtoensuretheoperationofasmartcity.C.Thequalityofcitylifehasimprovedduetothegovernmentinitiative.D.Problemsstillexistinthesmartcitydespitegreatconvenienceitbrings.14.WhyisSingaporementionedinthelastparagraph?A.Topraiseitscontributiontotheworld.B.Toshowitsadvantageoverothercountries.C.Togainwidespreadsupportforasmartcity.D.Toillustratetheapplicationofsmartcitytechnologies.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SmartCity:ABriefHistory B.SmartCity:LivetheSmartWayC.SmartCity:SayGoodbyetothePast D.SmartCity:BothChancesandChallenges【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。介紹了智慧城市的定義、起源、特點以及應(yīng)用?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Today,usingcuttingedgetechnologies,smartcitiescancoverthemall.(今天，使用尖端技術(shù)，智慧城市可以覆蓋所有這些)”以及第四段“Smartcitiesrelyheavilyonautomation,connectivitytotheInternet,andtheInternetofthings

(IoT).(智慧城市在很大程度上依賴于自動化、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接和物聯(lián)網(wǎng))”可知，智慧城市利用尖端技術(shù)解決生活中的諸多問題，且在很大程度上依賴于自動化、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接以及物聯(lián)網(wǎng)。由此可見，智慧城市高度依賴現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“AccordingtoTWI,aglobalorganizationdedicatedtotechnologyengineering,asmartcityoperatesaccordingtofourbasicsteps:collection,analysis,munication,andaction.Inthisapproach,asetofsmartsensorswillcollectrealtimedataaboutpeopleandinfrastructure.Afterthedatacollectedisanalyzed,theresultwillbemunicatedtothedecisionmakers,whowilltakeactiontoimprovethequalityofcitylifeforitsresidents.(據(jù)致力于技術(shù)工程的全球性組織TWI介紹，智慧城市的運作需要四個基本步驟：收集、分析、溝通和行動。在這種方法中，一組智能傳感器將收集有關(guān)人員和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的實時數(shù)據(jù)。收集到的數(shù)據(jù)被分析后，結(jié)果將傳達(dá)給決策者，決策者將采取行動改善城市居民的生活質(zhì)量)”可知，智慧城市的正常運行需要多方的共同努力，故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Smartcitytechnologieshavealreadybeenappliedinsomecountriesandcitiesaroundtheworld.Singapore,forexample,hasintroducedawiderangeofsmarttechnologiesinbothitspublicandprivatesectorssincelaunchingitsSmartNationinitiativein2014.(智慧城市技術(shù)已經(jīng)在世界上一些國家和城市得到了應(yīng)用。例如，新加坡自2014年啟動智能國家計劃以來，在公共和私營部門引入了廣泛的智能技術(shù))”可知，提到新加坡，是為了進(jìn)行舉例說明智慧城市技術(shù)的應(yīng)用，故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Today,usingcuttingedgetechnologies,smartcitiescancoverthemall.Wearenowintheeraofbeing“smart”.(今天，使用尖端技術(shù)，智慧城市可以覆蓋所有這些。我們現(xiàn)在處在一個“智慧”時代)”及下文內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹了智慧城市的定義、起源、特點以及應(yīng)用。B項“智慧城市：智慧生活方式”體現(xiàn)出智能科技下的智慧生活，具有很強(qiáng)的概括性，故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TheMaasaipeoplearethemosteasilyidentifiableinKenyawiththeirverycolorfulclothingandornamentsonthebody.Theyliveanomadiclife,raisingandhuntinganimalsnearsomeofKenya’smostvisitedwildlifeparks.___16___ItisatraditionforayoungMaasaimancalledamoranintheMaasailanguage,tokillalionalonewithaspeartoshowthatheisaman.Withthekill,amoranwouldbeabletowina“l(fā)ionname”andadmirationamongyoungwomen.___17___Instead,theyoungMaasaiwilltakepartinajavelin(標(biāo)槍)throwingpetitionataneventcalledtheMaasaiOlympics.MingatiSamanya,attheageof69,isoneoftheMaasaielders.Duringhisyouth,Samanyakilledtwolionstoshowhewasaman.___18___SamanyaisnowamongtheelderswhoaretryingtopushtheyoungMaasaitodosomethingdifferenttoprovethemselves,whichincludesparticipatinginjavelinthrowing,jumpingandotheractivitiesinthemunityOlympics.___19___Inthepast,theykilledlionsanddidn’tgetanybenefitfromit.Rightnow,whenthemoransthrowajavelin,runorjump,theygetnotjustmedals,butalsosomemoney.___20___ThankstotheMaasaiOlympicsanditsappealingpracticeinparticular,thelionpopulationinpartsoftheKimanaSanctuary(保護(hù)區(qū))nearMountKilimanjarohasincreased10timesoverthelast20years.A.Itcanhelpprovidefortheirfamilies.B.Quiteoftenwomenalsojoinintheevents.C.Thatishowhehadthe“l(fā)ionname”Mingati.D.HereeshowtheyprotecttherightsoftheMaasai.E.ButtheMaasaiseemtobeendingthetradition.F.However,theirhuntinghasoftenbeentakenasathreattothelions.G.OnaSaturday,themoransnearKimanawillpeteforrewards.【答案】16F17.E18.C19.G20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文?！蔼氉杂瞄L矛殺死一頭獅子”是肯尼亞馬賽部落男性成人的象征。現(xiàn)在，這一傳統(tǒng)正在改變。他們設(shè)立了馬賽奧運會，并給出獎勵，在這一舉措下，獅子的數(shù)量有了提升?！?6題詳解】空前“TheMaasaipeoplearethemosteasilyidentifiableinKenyawiththeirverycolorfulclothingandornamentsonthebody.Theyliveanomadiclife,raisingandhuntinganimalsnearsomeofKenya’smostvisitedwildlifeparks.(馬賽人是肯尼亞最容易辨認(rèn)的民族，他們穿著色彩鮮艷的衣服和身上的裝飾品。他們過著游牧生活，在肯尼亞一些游客最多的野生動物園附近飼養(yǎng)和狩獵動物)”說明馬賽人的生活方式，結(jié)合文章最后“ThankstotheMaasaiOlympicsanditsappealingpracticeinparticular,thelionpopulationinpartsoftheKimanaSanctuarynearMountKilimanjarohasincreased10timesoverthelast20years.(多虧了馬賽奧運會，尤其是它吸引人的做法，在乞力馬扎羅山附近的基馬納保護(hù)區(qū)的部分地區(qū)，獅子的數(shù)量在過去20年里增加了10倍)”可知，F(xiàn)選項“然而，他們的捕獵經(jīng)常被認(rèn)為是對獅子的威脅”引出這種生活方式對于獅子的威脅，首段與尾段呼應(yīng)。故選F。【17題詳解】空前“ItisatraditionforayoungMaasaiman,calledamoranintheMaasailanguage,tokillalionalonewithaspeartoshowthatheisaman.Withthekill,amoranwouldbeabletowina“l(fā)ionname”andadmirationamongyoungwomen.(年輕的馬賽人(在馬賽語中被稱為moran)有一個傳統(tǒng)，那就是獨自用長矛殺死一頭獅子，以表明他是一個男人。通過捕殺，moran可以贏得一個“獅子的名字”和年輕女性的崇拜)”表明這種傳統(tǒng)的寓意，空后“Instead,theyoungMaasaiwilltakepartinajavelinthrowingpetitionataneventcalledtheMaasaiOlympics.(相反，年輕的馬賽人將參加一項名為馬賽奧運會的標(biāo)槍比賽)”表明，年輕的馬賽人正在改變這一傳統(tǒng)，E選項“但馬賽人似乎正在終結(jié)這一傳統(tǒng)”承上啟下，符合語境。故選E?！?8題詳解】空前“MingatiSamanya,attheageof69,isoneoftheMaasaielders.Duringhisyouth,Samanyakilledtwolionstoshowhewasaman.(現(xiàn)年69歲的MingatiSamanya是馬賽老人之一。在他年輕的時候，Samanya殺死了兩只獅子，以顯示他是一個男人)”并結(jié)合前文講到馬賽部落男性成人的傳統(tǒng)“獨自用長矛殺死一頭獅子”，還可獲得“獅子的名字”可知，C選項“這就是為什么他有了“獅子的名字”Mingati”符合語境，與前文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故選C?！?9題詳解】空處為段落主題句。后文“Inthepast,theykilledlionsanddidn’tgetanybenefitfromit.Rightnow,whenthemoransthrowajavelin,runorjump,theygetnotjustmedals,butalsosomemoney.(在過去，他們捕殺獅子，并沒有從中得到任何好處?，F(xiàn)在，當(dāng)馬賽人投擲標(biāo)槍、跑或跳時，他們不僅能獲得獎牌，還能得到一些錢)”表示現(xiàn)在的奧運會中，獲勝的馬賽人能得到一些獎賞，G選項“在一個星期六，Kimana附近的馬賽人將為獎勵而競爭”中rewards與后文medals，money對應(yīng)。故選G?！?0題詳解】空前“Inthepast,theykilledlionsanddidn’tgetanybenefitfromit.Rightnow,whenthemoransthrowajavelin,runorjump,theygetnotjustmedals,butalsosomemoney.(在過去，他們捕殺獅子，并沒有從中得到任何好處?，F(xiàn)在，當(dāng)馬賽人投擲標(biāo)槍、跑或跳時，他們不僅能獲得獎牌，還能得到一些錢)”可知，前句介紹了馬賽奧運會的獎勵不僅有獎牌，還有獎金，A選項“它可以幫助他們養(yǎng)家糊口”表示獎金的用處，和前文語境一致。故選A。第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。At59,DoctorXiaoJiulinstandsonly90centimeterstall.Heisthe___21___ofachildhooddiseasethatseverelyinfluenceshisbone___22___.Astheonlydoctorattheclinic,he___23___allthework.However,nothingseemstoo___24___forXiao.Yetitwasalmostimpossibleto___25___hisdreamofbeingadoctor.Hisparentscouldn’taffordhis___26___beyondhighschool,andhedesperatelyneededto___27___himself.Helearnedpalmreading,always___28___tostudymedicineandsavelives,though.His___29___paidoff.Hegotthechancetoapprenticeataclinic____30____fortwoyearsandstudiedatalocalmedicalschoolforanotherthreeyears.Hethenreturnedtohishomevillagetobeadoctor.Nopatientcametohis____31____atfirst.Thevillagers,whowere____32____ofhispetence,wouldrathergototheneighboringvillagesfor____33____.“Irefusedtobe____34____,knowingIneededtoimprovemyselfto____35____theirtrust,”saidXiao.Hereadmedicalbookswheneverhehadtime.Todaytheclinichasprovidedprimarycareforatleast2,000villagers,butasXiao’sreputationgrows,morepatientsfromneighboringareasetoconsulthim.21.A.patient B.victim C.specialist D.subject22.A.development B.transformation C.flexibility D.firmness23.A.assigns B.supervises C.organizes D.undertakes24.A.achievable B.tough C.desirable D.risky25.A.giveup B.holdback C.stickto D.makeup26.Atraining B.practice C.equipment D.education27.A.motivate B.accept C.challenge D.support28.A.proceeding B.ceasing C.desiring D.hesitating29.A.assessment B.perseverance C.attachment D.tolerance30.A.permanently B.accidentally C.eventually D.barely31.A.clinic B.studio C.hospital D.laboratory32.A.unconvinced B.ignorant C.unconscious D.envious33.A.recovery B.consultation C.operation D.confirmation34.A.cross B.overwhelmed C.dependent D.frustrated35.A.earn B.maintain C.enhance D.restore【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.C26.D27.D28.C29.B30.C31.A32.A33.B34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了身材不足1米的肖九林醫(yī)生堅持自己的夢想，克服困難，成為著名村醫(yī)的事跡?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他是一種兒童疾病的受害者，嚴(yán)重影響了他的骨骼發(fā)育。A.patient病人；B.victim受害者；C.specialist專家；D.subject主題。根據(jù)“DoctorXiaoJiulinstandsonly90centimeterstall.”及“ofachildhooddisease”可知，肖九林醫(yī)生是兒童疾病的受害者。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他是一種兒童疾病的受害者，嚴(yán)重影響了他的骨骼發(fā)育。A.development發(fā)展，發(fā)育；B.transformation變形；C.flexibility靈活性；D.firmness堅定。根據(jù)前文“At59,DoctorXiaoJiulinstandsonly90centimeterstall.”可知，肖醫(yī)生不足1米，所以是骨骼發(fā)育不良。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：作為診所里唯一的醫(yī)生，他承擔(dān)了所有的工作。A.assigns分配；B.supervises監(jiān)督，管理；C.organizes組織；D.undertakes從事、承擔(dān)。根據(jù)“Astheonlydoctorattheclinic”可知，作為唯一的醫(yī)生，肖醫(yī)生承擔(dān)了所有的工作。故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，對肖來說，似乎沒有什么是困難的。A.achievable可完成的；B.tough艱難的；C.desirable令人向往的；D.risky有風(fēng)險的。根據(jù)前文“Astheonlydoctorattheclinic,he___3___allthework.”及下文描述他在成為一個醫(yī)生的道路上遭受的困難，但他堅持到最后成功可知，對于肖醫(yī)生，沒有什么是困難的。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：然而，要堅持成為一名醫(yī)生的夢想幾乎是不可能的。A.giveup放棄；B.holdback抑制；C.stickto堅持；D.makeup組成，編造。根據(jù)下文“Hisparentscouldn’taffordhis___6___beyondhighschool”可知，父母只能負(fù)擔(dān)到高中的學(xué)費，要成為一名醫(yī)生還要學(xué)習(xí)很多內(nèi)容，所以，堅持醫(yī)生的夢想幾乎是不可能的。故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的父母負(fù)擔(dān)不起他高中之后的教育費用，他迫切需要養(yǎng)活自己。A.training訓(xùn)練；B.practice練習(xí)；C.equipment設(shè)備；D.education教育。根據(jù)“Hisparentscouldn’taffordhis___6___beyondhighschool”可知，父母只能負(fù)擔(dān)到高中學(xué)習(xí)費用，大學(xué)教育費用承擔(dān)不起。故選D項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他的父母負(fù)擔(dān)不起他高中之后的教育費用，他迫切需要養(yǎng)活自己。A.motivate激勵；B.accept接受；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.support支持。根據(jù)上文講到父母只能支付到他的高中學(xué)費可知，他需要自己來養(yǎng)活自己，支持自己的夢想。故選D項?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他學(xué)會了看手相，但一直渴望研究醫(yī)學(xué)，拯救生命。A.proceeding繼續(xù)；B.ceasing停止；C.desiring渴望；D.hesitating猶豫。根據(jù)“Helearnedpalmreading”及“tostudymedicineandsavelives”可知，他總是渴望研究醫(yī)學(xué)，拯救生命。故選C項?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的毅力得到了回報。A.assessment評估；B.perseverance毅力；C.attachment附件，依戀；D.tolerance忍受。根據(jù)“paidoff”可知，雖然條件困難，但是肖醫(yī)生沒有放棄，他的毅力和堅持最終得到了回報。故選B項?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他最終得到了在一家診所當(dāng)兩年學(xué)徒的機(jī)會，并在當(dāng)?shù)匾凰t(yī)學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)了三年。A.permanently永遠(yuǎn)地；B.accidentally偶然地；C.eventually最終；D.barely幾乎不。根據(jù)“His___9___paidoff.”可知，肖醫(yī)生的努力獲得了成功，最終，他得到了一個兩年學(xué)徒的機(jī)會。故選C項。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一開始沒有病人來他的診所。A.clinic診所；B.studio錄音室；C.hospital醫(yī)院；D.laboratory實驗室。根據(jù)上文“Hethenreturnedtohishomevillagetobeadoctor.”及文章第一段“Astheonlydoctorattheclinic”可知，肖醫(yī)生回到了村莊作村醫(yī)，開了診所。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：村民們不相信他的能力，寧愿到鄰村去咨詢。A.unconvinced懷疑的；B.ignorant無知的；C.unconscious無意識的；D.envious嫉妒的。根據(jù)“wouldrathergototheneighboringvillages”可知，村民不相信他的能力，即，懷疑他的能力。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：村民們不相信他的能力，寧愿到鄰村去咨詢。A.recovery恢復(fù)；B.consultation咨詢；C.operation操作，手術(shù)；D.confirmation確認(rèn)。根據(jù)“wouldrathergototheneighboringvillagesfor___13___.”可知，村民不相信肖醫(yī)生的醫(yī)術(shù)，寧愿去鄰村找醫(yī)生咨詢。故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：肖說：“我拒絕沮喪，我知道我需要提高自己來贏得他們的信任。”A.cross惱怒的；B.overwhelmed被壓倒的；C.dependent依賴的；D.frustrated沮喪的，受挫的。根據(jù)“knowingIneededtoimprovemyself”可知，雖然村民看不上他，但是他并沒有沮喪，更認(rèn)為自己要提高知識水準(zhǔn)。故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：肖說：“我拒絕沮喪，我知道我需要提高自己來贏得他們的信任。”A.earn掙得，賺得；B.maintain維持；C.enhance提升；D.restore恢復(fù)。根據(jù)最后一段“Todaytheclinichasprovidedprimarycareforatleast2,000villagers”可知，肖醫(yī)生獲得了信任，所以，當(dāng)他挫敗時，他想要贏得村民的信任。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheannualYuyuanGardenlanternshowinShanghai,whichis___36___(original)fromtheHanDynasty,hasbeenlistedasoneofChina’sformsofintangibleculturalheritage.Itisoneofthecountry’soldestlanternfairs,___37___localsgotoenjoythefestiveatmosphereandwisheachotherwell.Now,thebelovedYuyuanGardenlanternshow___38___(take)placeoutsideofChinafortheveryfirsttime,___39___60largesizedstructuresandmorethan2,000lanternslightingtheoldestamusementparkinParis.Fromdragonshapedlanternstopatterns___40___(inspire)bythelegendaryworldof“TheClassicofMountainsandSeas”,aChineseliteraryclassic,theYuyuanGardenlanternshowinParishasbuiltaworldoflightsandimaginationforvisitors,showcasingthecharmoftraditionalChineseculture.Highlightingvariousculturaland___41___(spirit)symbols,thelanterndisplaysincludemythicalcreaturessuchasKunpengandYinglong,___42___(represent)ambitionandstrength.Beyondthelanterns,visitorscanalsoadmiretraditionalChinesecostumesand___43___(accessory),andenjoyChinesecuisine.Withamixtureofdancing,acrobatics(雜技)___44___martialartsperformances,thelanternshowpromisestobe____45____immersiveexperienceintheworldofChinesefolkloreandlanterns.Morethanjustalanterns