廣東省廣州市普通高中2024-2025學(xué)年高三畢業(yè)班摸底考試英語(yǔ)試題

2025屆廣州市普通高中畢業(yè)班摸底考試英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATakeonestepclosertothelightsonBroadway－buildessentialtheaterskillsandstartcarvingoutyourowncreativeprofessionalpath.Immersingthemselvesintheamazing,unparalleledNewYorktheaterscene,studentswillexploreandanalyzethecraft,includingcreatinganoriginalpieceandmeetingprofessionalsinthefield.Throughouttheterm,studentswillusebothclassroomworkandsitevisitsaroundthedowntowntoexamineandpletethecreativeprocessoftakinganinitialideatoproduction,gainingtechnicalexpertise(專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí))andfluencyintheater.Studentswillalsoexploredifferentareasofprofessionalskilldevelopmentincludingplaywritingstructureandtechniques,actingmethodsthathelpbringaplaytolife,scenestructure.Thecourseisopentoallstudents－fromthosewhoarecuriousaboutthefieldbuthavenopriorexperiencetothosewhoalreadyhaveone(ormore!)plays,waitingtobedeveloped.CourseHighlights●pleteahandsonexperienceinplaywriting,actingandproduction,learningabouttherealprocessestheindustryusestocreatetheaterproductions.●Brainstorm,developaconcept,writeandworkshopadraftofashortplayorscene,andbringittostagewithinputandfeedbackfrominstructorsandpeers.●Getacloseupviewoftheoftenopaque(不透明的)businessoftheater,focusingonimpactstotheprofessionbroughtaboutbysocialmovementsandcurrentevents.Tuition*●ResidentialProgram(Studentsliveindormlikefacilitiesinthecenterofthecity):$6,845●DayProgram(Studentsmutetoclasseverydayanddonotreceiveacmodationandboard):$5,560(WeencouragegraduatingseniorstoapplybeforeJune21,2024fora$425discountontuition.)TermDate:July21－Aug2,2024ApplicationDeadline:Friday,July12,2024ContactAdmission:*Webelievefinancialcircumstancesshouldnotpreventsomeonefromjoiningourprogram.Explorefinancialaidandscholarships.LearnMore1.Whichistheprobablynameofthecourse?A.BroadwayDreams:EssentialSkillsforProfessionalPathB.TheaterIndustry:GainingInsightsintotheplexSystemC.BackstageExploration:BehindtheSceneofDramaCreationD.FromPagetoStage:Playwriting,PerformanceandProduction2.Whatwillstudentsdointhecourse?A.InteractwithBroadwayactors. B.Polishoriginaldraftsforstage.C.Seekinspirationinthesuburbs. D.Writeareviewontheirdrama.3.HowmuchshouldagraduatingseniorapplyingforaDayProgramonJune20,2024pay?A.$5,135 B.$5,560 C.$6,420 D.$6,845【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一門(mén)有關(guān)培養(yǎng)戲劇基本技能的課程。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Throughouttheterm,studentswillusebothclassroomworkandsitevisitsaroundthedowntowntoexamineandpletethecreativeprocessoftakinganinitialideatoproduction,gainingtechnicalexpertise( 專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí) )andfluencyintheater.(在整個(gè)學(xué)期中，學(xué)生將使用課堂作業(yè)和市中心周?chē)膶?shí)地考察來(lái)檢查和完成將最初的想法付諸生產(chǎn)的創(chuàng)作過(guò)程，獲得技術(shù)專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)和戲劇流暢性。)”和第三段“ Studentswillalsoexploredifferentareasofprofessionalskilldevelopment,includingplaywritingstructureandtechniques,actingmethodsthathelpbringaplaytolife,scenestructure.(學(xué)生還將探索不同領(lǐng)域的專(zhuān)業(yè)技能發(fā)展，包括劇本結(jié)構(gòu)和技巧，表演方法，使戲劇栩栩如生，場(chǎng)景結(jié)構(gòu)。)”可知，這門(mén)課程教學(xué)生們?nèi)绾伟颜n本所學(xué)的理論知識(shí)運(yùn)用到實(shí)踐中去，進(jìn)行戲劇創(chuàng)作生產(chǎn)；結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)DFromPagetoStage:Playwriting,PerformanceandProduction(從書(shū)本到舞臺(tái):劇本，表演和制作)切題。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章CourseHighlights部分“Brainstorm,developaconcept,writeandworkshopadraftofashortplayorscene,andbringittostagewithinputandfeedbackfrominstructorsandpeers.(頭腦風(fēng)暴，發(fā)展一個(gè)概念，寫(xiě)一個(gè)短劇或場(chǎng)景的草稿，并把它帶到舞臺(tái)上，從導(dǎo)師和同齡人那里得到輸入和反饋。)”可知，學(xué)生們將在課程中要作的事情是為舞臺(tái)潤(rùn)色原始草稿。故選B項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Tuition部分中“DayProgram(Studentsmutetoclasseverydayanddonotreceiveacmodationandboard):$5,560(日間課程(學(xué)生每天通勤上課，不收取住宿和膳食):5,560美元)”和“WeencouragegraduatingseniorstoapplybeforeJune21,2024fora$425discountontuition.(我們鼓勵(lì)即將畢業(yè)的大四學(xué)生在2024年6月21日之前申請(qǐng)，以獲得425美元的學(xué)費(fèi)折扣。)”可知，2024年6月20日即將畢業(yè)的大四學(xué)生申請(qǐng)日間課程需要支付5560－425＝5135美元。故選A項(xiàng)。BInBududa,alushyetlandslidepronedistrictofeasternUganda,MaryButsinaandagrowingnumberofotherwomenfarmersarebuildingtheirlivelihoodsaroundcoffee.“I’msupportingallofmy10childrenwithit.”saysthe36yearold,holdingaredbucket.Fromfarmingstock,Maryfirstwenttoworkwithherfatherattheageof10.Profitsfromhiscoffeecropcoveredherschoolfees.Shemarriedintocoffeetoo,withherhusbandgivingher100treesasaweddingpresent.ButMary’ssinceplantedmorethan300herselfandjoinedawomen’scooperative.“Theaimwastoreducethedependenceofwomenonmenincoffee.”Marysays,thoughhusbandsareallowedtojointoo—astheytendtoownthecoffeeplantationsandsupporttheirwives.“Morewomenhavestartedtoplanttheirowncoffee.”shesays.Maryrisesearlyeverydaytopickthecoffeecherries.“It’shardworkbutwhenyouconcentrateitcanbeeeasy.”saysMary.Aftergatheringtheripefruit,sheputsitinabucketofwatertoweedouttheunhealthycherries.Thebeansarethenfermented(發(fā)酵)inwaterforatleasttwodaysbeforebeinglaidouttodryindirectsunlight.Oncedried,thebeansaregatheredupandlatercollectedbyEndiroCoffee,asocialenterpriseworkingwithwomenled,organicfarms.Thecoffeeislatermilled,roastedandground,readyforuse.Ithasn’tbeenaneasyjourneyfortheBududafarmers,who’vefacedannuallandslidesforthepast15years.In2018,Mary’smother’shousewasdestroyedandshelostsomeofhercoffeeplantations.Shedreamsoflivinginasolidlybuilthousewithwaternearby,soshedoesn’thavetotrek(跋涉)alongwaytofetchit－butthesewilltaketimetosavefor.“I’veworkedalotandIdon’twanttostop,butIwantmymoneytoworkforme.”shesays.4.WhatroledoescoffeeplayinMary’shometown?A.Asignificantsourceofine. B.Abondofloveandmarriage.C.Asymbolofwealthandstatus. D.Abarriertofrequentlandslides.5.Howdoesthewomen’scooperativebenefitfemalecoffeefarmers?A.Byprovidingthemwithhighqualitytrees. B.Byaccessingthemtobettersaleschannels.C.Byliberatingthemfromtheirhusbands. D.Byenablingthemtocontroltheirbusiness.6.WhyistheprocessingofcoffeebeansmentionedinParagraph3?A.TodisplayMary’stechnicalproficiency.B.ToprovethehighqualityofUgandancoffee.C.TohighlightMary’sdedicationanddiligence.D.Toemphasizethedifficultiesofplantingcoffee.7.WhatdoesMarymeaninthelastsentenceofthetext?A.Sheplanstoexpandhercoffeeplantingbusiness. B.Shedesirestoachieveeconomicindependence.C.Shethinkstheroadtohappinessisstilldistant. D.Shebelievesherhardworkwillfinallypayoff.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了烏干達(dá)東部的女性農(nóng)民正在以咖啡為生，以MaryButsina為例，介紹了女性咖啡農(nóng)的生活。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“InBududa,alushyetlandslidepronedistrictofeasternUganda,MaryButsinaandagrowingnumberofotherwomenfarmersarebuildingtheirlivelihoodsaroundcoffee.“I’msupportingallofmy10childrenwithit.”saysthe36yearold,holdingaredbucket.(在烏干達(dá)東部一個(gè)郁郁蔥蔥但容易發(fā)生山體滑坡的地區(qū)Bududa，MaryButsina和越來(lái)越多的其他女農(nóng)民正在以咖啡為生?！拔矣盟B(yǎng)活了我所有的10個(gè)孩子。36歲的她，手里拿著一個(gè)紅水桶)”以及第二段“Profitsfromhiscoffeecropcoveredherschoolfees.(他種植咖啡的利潤(rùn)足以支付她的學(xué)費(fèi))”可知，在瑪麗的家鄉(xiāng)，咖啡是重要的收入來(lái)源。故選A。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段““Theaimwastoreducethedependenceofwomenonmenincoffee.”Marysays,thoughhusbandsareallowedtojointoo—astheytendtoownthecoffeeplantationsandsupporttheirwives.“Morewomenhavestartedtoplanttheirowncoffee.”shesays.(“目的是減少女性在咖啡方面對(duì)男性的依賴(lài)?！爆旣愓f(shuō)，盡管丈夫也可以加入，因?yàn)樗麄兺鶕碛锌Х确N植園并支持妻子。她說(shuō)：“越來(lái)越多的女性開(kāi)始自己種咖啡。”)”可知，婦女合作社能減少女性對(duì)丈夫的依賴(lài)，即幫助她們自己掌控咖啡種植業(yè)。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Maryrisesearlyeverydaytopickthecoffeecherries.“It’shardworkbutwhenyouconcentrateitcanbeeeasy.”saysMary.Aftergatheringtheripefruit,sheputsitinabucketofwatertoweedouttheunhealthycherries.Thebeansarethenfermented(發(fā)酵)inwaterforatleasttwodaysbeforebeinglaidouttodryindirectsunlight.Oncedried,thebeansaregatheredupandlatercollectedbyEndiroCoffee,asocialenterpriseworkingwithwomenled,organicfarms.Thecoffeeislatermilled,roastedandground,readyforuse.(瑪麗每天早起采摘咖啡櫻桃?！斑@是一項(xiàng)艱苦的工作，但當(dāng)你集中精力時(shí)，它會(huì)變得很容易。”瑪麗說(shuō)。收集成熟的櫻桃后，她把它放在一桶水里，以清除不健康的櫻桃。然后豆子在水中發(fā)酵至少兩天，然后放在陽(yáng)光下直接曬干。晾干后，咖啡豆被收集起來(lái)，然后由EndiroCoffee收集，這是一家與女性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的有機(jī)農(nóng)場(chǎng)合作的社會(huì)企業(yè)。咖啡經(jīng)過(guò)研磨、烘焙和研磨，即可使用)”可知，第三段提到了咖啡豆的加工是為了突出瑪麗的奉獻(xiàn)和勤奮。故選C。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“I’veworkedalotandIdon’twanttostop,butIwantmymoneytoworkforme.”shesays.(“我工作了很多，我不想停下來(lái)，但我想讓我的錢(qián)為我工作?！彼f(shuō))”可知，瑪麗的意思是她相信她的努力最終會(huì)得到回報(bào)。故選D。CAgoodstory.That’swhatinfluencesourchoicetobuyabookthemost.Right?Someofthebiggestsellingnovelsofalltimejustsohappenedtobeattachedtomajorpublishers.Indeed,anyreadingloverwillbefamiliarwiththecountlesspublishinghousesthathavebroughtbrilliantworkstothemarket.Sointheory,perhapsapublisherdoesmatter.Everytimeyoureadabookthatyouenjoy,youlikelylookatthepublisherattachedtoit.Thatnameisasignalthattheywillproduceothercontentthatfitswiththatsamestyle.Itmakesalotofsensetocontinuetopurchasetextsfromapanythatistellingthekindsofstoriesthatyouenjoythemost.Consumerhabitsarethusbasedontrustthatapublisherwillbeconsistentinthebookstheydeliverandthatinvestingtimeinthemismorereliablethananuntestedsource.Thestrengthoftheauthorthemselvescanalsoplayintothat.Afterall,welllikedauthorsareoftensignedtoabookdealwithaselectfewpublishers,strengtheningthebrandfurther.Ofcourse,apublisherwouldbenothingwithoutitslogo,whichisamajorcalltoarmsforallfansofthebrand.Thetoppublishersintheworldinstantlyrecognizableimagery,whichcatchtheattentionwhilesummingupthenameofabrandinaninstant.Thatthusbuildsourassociationwithagivenname.ThefunpenguinshapeofPenguinRandomHouseissoiconic,forexample,thatitcouldnotbeconfusedwithanyotherpublishingbusiness.Theremightbeaplaceforthoseindie(獨(dú)立經(jīng)營(yíng)的)bookpanies,withoccasionalstoriesbreakingthroughandforcingpeopletotakenotice.Intruththat’sfarlessmonthanyouexpect.ExpertCassandraDavis,however,providesahopefulinsight.“Indiebookshopsaremorelikelytostockanindiepublisher’sbooks,especiallyiftheauthorislocaltothebookshop.”Shesays.Therefore,supportinglocalbookshopsisavitalwaytokeeptheindieindustryaliveandchangethesetrends.8.Whichofthefollowingisnotastrategyforapublishertopromoteitsbrand?A.Maintainingconsistentpublishingstyle. B.Contractingwithrenownedwriters.C.Offeringdiscountstorepeatcustomers. D.Designingadistinctivetrademark.9.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsindiepublishers?A.Optimistic. B.Sympathetic. C.Objective. D.Indifferent.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“thesetrends”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Dominanceofmajorpublishers. B.Lackofattentiontoexcellentbooks.C.Depressionoflocalbookshops. D.Stabilityofconsumers’preferences.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ShouldWeJudgeaBookbyItsPublisher?B.DoPublishersInfluenceOurReadingChoices?C.WhyDoWeChoosetheSamePublisherContinuously?D.WhatAdvantagesDoMajorPublishersHaveOverIndieOnes?【答案】8.C9.C10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要講是出版商會(huì)影響我們的閱讀選擇的原因?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Everytimeyoureadabookthatyouenjoy,youlikelylookatthepublisherattachedtoit.Thatnameisasignalthattheywillproduceothercontentthatfitswiththatsamestyle.(每次你讀一本你喜歡的書(shū)時(shí)，你可能會(huì)看它的出版商。這個(gè)名字是一個(gè)信號(hào)，表明他們將生產(chǎn)符合相同風(fēng)格的其他內(nèi)容。)”以及第三段“Thestrengthoftheauthorthemselvescanalsoplayintothat.Afterall,welllikedauthorsareoftensignedtoabookdealwithaselectfewpublishers,strengtheningthebrandfurther.(作者自身的實(shí)力也會(huì)發(fā)揮作用。畢竟，受歡迎的作家通常會(huì)與少數(shù)幾家選定的出版商簽訂出書(shū)協(xié)議，從而進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化其品牌。)”以及第四段“Ofcourse,apublisherwouldbenothingwithoutitslogo,whichisamajorcalltoarmsforallfansofthebrand..(當(dāng)然，如果沒(méi)有自己的logo，發(fā)行商就什么都不是，而這正是所有品牌粉絲的主要訴求。)”可知出版商推廣其品牌的策略是保持一貫的出版風(fēng)格、與知名作家簽約并設(shè)計(jì)有特色的商標(biāo)，文章沒(méi)有提到給回頭客提供折扣的策略，所以C項(xiàng)Offeringdiscountstorepeatcustomers.(給回頭客提供折扣。)不是出版商為了推廣其品牌所采取的策略。故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theremightbeaplaceforthoseindie(獨(dú)立經(jīng)營(yíng)的)bookpanies,withoccasionalstoriesbreakingthroughandforcingpeopletotakenotice.Intruththat’sfarlessmonthanyouexpect.ExpertCassandraDavis,however,providesahopefulinsight.“Indiebookshopsaremorelikelytostockanindiepublisher’sbooks,especiallyiftheauthorislocaltothebookshop.”Shesays.Therefore,supportinglocalbookshopsisavitalwaytokeeptheindieindustryaliveandchangethesetrends.(獨(dú)立圖書(shū)公司可能會(huì)有一席之地，偶爾會(huì)有一些故事脫穎而出，引起人們的注意。事實(shí)上，這種情況比你想象的要少得多。然而，專(zhuān)家卡桑德拉·戴維斯提供了一個(gè)充滿希望的見(jiàn)解。“獨(dú)立書(shū)店更有可能出售獨(dú)立出版商的書(shū)，尤其是如果作者是本地人?！彼f(shuō)。因此，支持當(dāng)?shù)貢?shū)店是保持獨(dú)立出版業(yè)活力和改變這些趨勢(shì)的重要途徑。)”可知在作者看來(lái)獨(dú)立圖書(shū)公司占有一席之地的機(jī)率是非常小的，但是作者又指出專(zhuān)家卡桑德拉?戴維斯提出支持當(dāng)?shù)貢?shū)店可以保持獨(dú)立出版業(yè)活力并改變這些趨勢(shì)，由此可以推知作者對(duì)于獨(dú)立出版商的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theremightbeaplaceforthoseindie(獨(dú)立經(jīng)營(yíng)的)bookpanies,withoccasionalstoriesbreakingthroughandforcingpeopletotakenotice.Intruththat’sfarlessmonthanyouexpect.(獨(dú)立圖書(shū)公司可能會(huì)有一席之地，偶爾會(huì)有一些故事脫穎而出，引起人們的注意。事實(shí)上，這種情況比你想象的要少得多。)”以及劃線詞之前“Therefore,supportinglocalbookshopsisavitalwaytokeeptheindieindustryaliveandchange(因此，支持當(dāng)?shù)貢?shū)店是保持獨(dú)立出版業(yè)活力和改變的重要途徑。)”可知獨(dú)立圖書(shū)公司在與主要出版商的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中很難有脫穎而出的機(jī)會(huì)，但是支持當(dāng)?shù)貢?shū)店則可以讓獨(dú)立出版業(yè)保持活力并有機(jī)會(huì)脫穎而出，即改變主要出版商占統(tǒng)治地位的局面，所以此處劃線詞thesetrends指的是主要出版商的統(tǒng)治地位。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。文章第一段“Someofthebiggestsellingnovelsofalltimejustsohappenedtobeattachedtomajorpublishers.Indeed,anyreadingloverwillbefamiliarwiththecountlesspublishinghousesthathavebroughtbrilliantworkstothemarket.Sointheory,perhapsapublisherdoesmatter.(一些有史以來(lái)最暢銷(xiāo)的小說(shuō)恰好是由大出版商出版的。的確，任何一個(gè)愛(ài)讀書(shū)的人都不陌生，無(wú)數(shù)的出版社為市場(chǎng)帶來(lái)了精彩的作品。所以從理論上講，也許出版商確實(shí)很重要。)”提出出版商確實(shí)很重要的話題，文章第二、三以及四段分別從保持一貫的出版風(fēng)格、與知名作家簽約并設(shè)計(jì)有特色的商標(biāo)三個(gè)方面來(lái)說(shuō)明出版商推廣其品牌的策略，文章最后一段指出獨(dú)立出版商在與主要出版商在市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)方面所面臨的困難，同時(shí)又為其指明了出路，縱觀全文，文章主要是在圍繞著出版商會(huì)影響我們的閱讀選擇及其原因來(lái)展開(kāi)，所以B項(xiàng)DoPublishersInfluenceOurReadingChoices?(出版商會(huì)影響我們的閱讀選擇嗎？)作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選B項(xiàng)。DHumansactwithpurpose,butmuchisstillunknownabouthowwebeepurposefulagents—thatis,howwedeveloptheabilitytowillfullymakethingshappen.Inarecentstudytoexploreagency’smysteriousroots,wetriedtocatchinfants(嬰兒)intheactofdiscoveringtheirownagency,therebyrevealingtheprocessofagencyformation.Researchersplaceababyintoacradlewithamobilesuspendedabove.Thenascientisttiesoneendofastringtothemobileandtheothertotheinfant’sfoot.Nowifthebabymoves,thetoywill,too.Byobservingbabiesinthissetup,scientistscanwatchastheinfantslearnandrecallasimplecauseandeffectinteraction:kickafootandthemobilemoves.Aspredictedbytheresearchers,infantskickedsignificantlymorewhentheirfootwastethered(拴住)tothemobilethanwhenitwasnot.However,whenanexperimenterpulledthestringtomakethemobilemoveinstead,infantsmovedlessthanwhenthemobilewasatrest.Furthermore,whenwefreedthebabies’footfromthemobile,theykeptonkickingathigherratetomakethetoyrespond—andwerevisiblyfrustratedwhenthatdidnothappen.Ourobservationsalsopointedtoanotablepattern:Thebabies’initialmovementsconsistedoftwistingandpushingwithoutcleardirection.Butoncetetheredtothemobile,themoreintenselytheymoved,themoretheirattentionwasdrawntotheeffecttheirkickinghadonit.Atsomepoint,theinfantsmusthavefiguredoutthattheyhadagency,thustheaimlessmovementsbecameintentionalaction—ahighlycoordinatedexchangebetweenthetetheredinfantandthemobile.Thebabymobilestudyemphasizeshowunderstandingtherelationshipbetweenanorganismanditsenvironmentisessentialtouncoveringtheoriginsofdirectedbehavior.Theexperienceofagencyemergesonlywhenanorganismsensesitiscoupledtoitsenvironment.Inthiswayofthinking,theinteractionandrelationshipbetweenthetwoarecrucialforpurposetoarise.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutagencyaccordingtothetext?A.Itisaninbornabilitywithoutlearning. B.Itembodiesinbabiesthemostevidently.C.Itexistsinallaspectsofourdailylife. D.Itisaresonancewithoursurroundings.13.Howdidtheresearchersmaketheexperimentconvincing?A.Bypredictingmultiplepossibleresults. B.Bytrackingbabies’behaviourprecisely.C.Bysettingupparativeexperiments. D.Bybuildingproperinterpretationmodel.14.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Analysisofexperimentalphenomena. B.Supplementtoexperimentaldetails.C.Explanationofexperimentaldesign. D.Summaryofexperimentaloutes.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Touncovertheprocessofagencyformation.B.Toreportacuttingedgediscoveryaboutagency.C.Toguidepeopleonhowtotakeadvantageofagency.DToclarifytheimportanceofenvironmenttocreatures.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于嬰兒如何獲得代理權(quán)的最新發(fā)現(xiàn)，以及研究過(guò)程。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theexperienceofagencyemergesonlywhenanorganismsensesitiscoupledtoitsenvironment.Inthiswayofthinking,theinteractionandrelationshipbetweenthetwoarecrucialforpurposetoarise.(只有當(dāng)有機(jī)體感覺(jué)到它與環(huán)境相結(jié)合時(shí)，代理的經(jīng)驗(yàn)才會(huì)出現(xiàn)。在這種思維方式中，兩者之間的相互作用和關(guān)系對(duì)于目的的產(chǎn)生至關(guān)重要)”可知，代理權(quán)是我們與周?chē)h(huán)境的共鳴。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Researchersplaceababyintoacradlewithamobilesuspendedabove.Thenascientisttiesoneendofastringtothemobileandtheothertotheinfant’sfoot.(研究人員把一個(gè)嬰兒放進(jìn)一個(gè)搖籃里，上面懸掛著一個(gè)。然后，科學(xué)家將繩子的一端系在上，另一端系在嬰兒的腳上)”可知，研究人員通過(guò)設(shè)置對(duì)比實(shí)驗(yàn)使實(shí)驗(yàn)具有說(shuō)服力。故選C。【14題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段段首句“Ourobservationsalsopointedtoanotablepattern:Thebabies’initialmovementsconsistedoftwistingandpushingwithoutcleardirection.(我們的觀察還指出了一個(gè)值得注意的模式：嬰兒最初的動(dòng)作包括扭曲和推，沒(méi)有明確的方向。)”和后文描述可知，本段主要對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了分析；結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)A切題。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Inarecentstudytoexploreagency’smysteriousroots,wetriedtocatchinfants(嬰兒)intheactofdiscoveringtheirownagency,therebyrevealingtheprocessofagencyformation.(在最近一項(xiàng)探索代理神秘根源的研究中，我們?cè)噲D抓住嬰兒發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的代理權(quán)的過(guò)程，從而揭示代理權(quán)形成的過(guò)程)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于嬰兒如何獲得代理權(quán)的最新發(fā)現(xiàn)，以及研究過(guò)程。可知，文章的主要目的是報(bào)道關(guān)于代理的前沿發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Weallknowsomeonewhoholdscourtwherevertheyfindthemselveswithamusingstories.Fortherestofus,conversationcanbetrickier.OureditoraskedCatherineBlyth,theauthorofTheArtofConversationforhertipsonhowtoshine—andnotgetcancelled—atyournextsmalltalk.Considerwhatyouwantfromaconversation___16___.Infact,aconversationisusuallyawaytogetsomethingwewant,whetherthat’stomakingafriend,ortoaskingsomeoneonadate.Knowingwhatyouwantwillkeepthingsflowing.“Atleast,whatyoucangetfromaconversationisaninterestingadventurewithanothermind.___17___.”saysBlyth.Guidetheotherpersontohelpyou“There’snothingmoreflattering(受寵若驚)thanfeelinglikethatyou’vehelpedsomeone,”Blythsays.Shesuggestsfindingawaytomaketheotherpersonusefultoyou.“___18___,thatallowsyoutorevealabitofyourselfwhileinvitingthemtohelp,whichisagreatwaytogetconversationstarted.”ListenattentivelyandpurposefullyAreyoulisteningtounderstand,orlisteningtorespond?That’saperfectquestionawouldbeconversationalistshouldaskthemselves.“Agoodlistenerindicateswhatintereststhem.___19___.IfI’mconversingwithsomeonewhomakesitallaboutthemselves,I’llgentlypointthatI’mnotinterestedandshiftustowardsothertopics.”saysBlyth.Keepyourphoneoutofsightandoutofmind“Ifyou’rechattingwithsomeonewithyourphonenexttoyou,whatyou’resayingis‘you’reonlyasimportantasmynextnotification’,”saysBlyth.“Whateveryoudoonascreenisn’taconversation.Problemsarisesfromparingrealconversationtotextmessaging.___20___.Weneedtogiveeachothersomegrace.”A.SeeingtheworldthroughtheeyesofothersisarewarditselfB.Peoplefeelbadaboutconversationbecausetheythinkit’saperformanceC.Yourresponsesshouldshowwhichtopicsareinterestingandwhicharen’tD.Thebestmindsetyoubringtosmalltalkistheideathatit’satreasurehuntE.Adirectpraiseisgood,butifit’ssomethinglike‘Ilovethatcoat,wheredidyoubuyit?’F.Inarealconversation,youcan’tlookthingsup,thinkabouthowtophraseyourthoughtsG.Youhavetoconstantlybelisteningwithyourears,yourmind,andbeconsciousofdoingso【答案】16.B17.A18.E19.C20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，TheArtofConversation一書(shū)的作者CatherineBlyth針對(duì)談話提出了一些建議?！?6題詳解】下文“Infact,aconversationisusuallyawaytogetsomethingwewant,whetherthat’stomakingafriend,ortoaskingsomeoneonadate.(事實(shí)上，談話通常是得到我們想要的東西的一種方式，無(wú)論是交朋友，還是邀請(qǐng)某人約會(huì)。)”提到談話通常是得到我們想要的東西的一種方式，結(jié)合infact可知，前文與此處是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此推斷B項(xiàng)“人們覺(jué)得談話很糟糕，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為這是一種表演”符合語(yǔ)境，前后文形成對(duì)比，故選B。【17題詳解】上文“Atleast,whatyoucangetfromaconversationisaninterestingadventurewithanothermind.(至少，你能從談話中得到的是與另一個(gè)人的一次有趣的冒險(xiǎn)。)”提到你能從談話中得到的是與另一個(gè)人的一次有趣的冒險(xiǎn)，是描述從談話中得到的好處，A項(xiàng)“從別人的角度看世界本身就是一種獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)”承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。【18題詳解】上文“Shesuggestsfindingawaytomaketheotherpersonusefultoyou.(她建議想辦法讓對(duì)方對(duì)你有用。)”提到Blyth建議想辦法讓對(duì)方對(duì)你有用，下文“thatallowsyoutorevealabitofyourselfwhileinvitingthemtohelp,whichisagreatwaytogetconversationstarted.(這可以讓你在邀請(qǐng)他們幫忙的同時(shí)展示自己，這是開(kāi)始對(duì)話的好方法。)”提到某種方法的好處，故空處應(yīng)是提及一種具體的方法，E項(xiàng)“直接表?yè)P(yáng)是好的，但如果是‘我喜歡這件外套，你在哪里買(mǎi)的？’”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。【19題詳解】上文“Agoodlistenerindicateswhatintereststhem.(一個(gè)好的傾聽(tīng)者表明他們感興趣的是什么。)”提到一個(gè)好的傾聽(tīng)者表明他們感興趣的是什么，C項(xiàng)“你的回答應(yīng)該顯示出哪些話題是有趣的，哪些不是”承接上文，講述傾聽(tīng)者如何表明是否感興趣，符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?0題詳解】上文“Whateveryoudoonascreenisn’taconversation.Problemsarisesfromparingrealconversationtotextmessaging.(你在屏幕上做的任何事情都不是對(duì)話。將真實(shí)對(duì)話與短信進(jìn)行比較會(huì)產(chǎn)生問(wèn)題。)”提到，真實(shí)對(duì)話與短信不同，將兩者進(jìn)行比較會(huì)產(chǎn)生問(wèn)題，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“在真實(shí)的對(duì)話中，你不能查資料，思考如何表達(dá)你的想法”進(jìn)一步闡述兩者的不同之處，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。JuleusGhuntaisanawardwinningchildren’sauthor,butgrowingup,hecouldbarely___21___.Raisedbyasinglemother,whooftenhadtomake___22___choicesabouthowtousetheirlimitedresources－includingadecisiontosendhisoldestsistertoschool,hehadbeenkepthomeandhadno___23___tobooksasachild.WhenGhuntafinallygottheopportunitytoattendschool,hecouldn’t___24___words,spell,orreadwithunderstanding.Thesituationwasmadeworsebyaseriesofteacherswhomadehimfeel___25___.“Theywerenotverypatient,notverykind,”hesaid,“Isufferedfromadeepsenseoflossandshame.”Fortunately,ayoungteacherdecidedtostartareadingprogramfor___26___students.Ghuntawasthefirsttosignup.“Theteacherwas___27___kindtome.”hesaid,“Shehadleftmewiththegiftofliteracy,andadeeperappreciationofmyvalueasahumanbeing.”Underherpatient___28___,Ghunta’sreadingskillsgraduallyimproved,andhissenseofinadequacy(不足)beganto___29___.Afterinteractingwiththeyoungteacher,Ghunta’slifetookanew___30___.Hegraduatedfromhighschoolwithanumberofacademicawards,andwentontocollegesuccessfully.Nowadays,heistheauthoroftwochildren’sbooksabout___31___difficultexperiencesinchildhood.In2010,Ghuntawentbacktohisoldschoolto___32___hisoldteacher’sname,butinvain.However,hestillhopesto___33___heroneday,sothathecanthankherforseeinghis___34___.“Iwouldloveforhertoseethesignificantimpactshehasmadeonmylife,andthewaysinwhichIhavecarriedthis___35___ofher－thehope,thelight,withme－andhowitcontinuestobeasourceofjoy.”21.A.speak B.read C.write D.learn22.A.balanced B.financial C.tough D.hesitant23.A.interest B.relation C.attention D.exposure24.A.makeout B.pickup C.dealwith D.takein25.A.powerless B.restless C.worthless D.aimless26.A.struggling B.humble C.incapable D.isolated27.A.apparently B.incredibly C.naturally D.sincerely28.A.influence B.pany C.devotion D.guidance29.A.lift B.wave C.blow D.move30.A.platform B.setting C.direction D.channel31.A.preventing B.surviving C.overing D.cherishing32.A.record B.recall C.identify D.inquire33.A.seek B.find C.meet D.call34.A.demand B.effort C.dignity D.potential35.A.emotion B.memory C.blessing D.legacy【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.C26.A27.B28.D29.A30.C31.C32.D33.B34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。本文通過(guò)敘述JuleusGhunta的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷，特別是他從幾乎無(wú)法閱讀到成為兒童書(shū)籍作者和獲獎(jiǎng)詩(shī)人的轉(zhuǎn)變過(guò)程，展現(xiàn)了個(gè)人奮斗和一位年輕教師對(duì)他成長(zhǎng)的影響。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：朱利葉斯·古塔是一位獲獎(jiǎng)兒童作家，但在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中，他幾乎不識(shí)字。A.speak說(shuō)話；B.read閱讀；C.write寫(xiě)；D.learn學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)后文“Shehadleftmewiththegiftofliteracy”可知，指他在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中無(wú)法閱讀，不識(shí)字。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他由單身母親撫養(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大，母親經(jīng)常不得不在如何利用有限的資源上做出艱難的選擇——包括決定把他的大姐送去上學(xué)，他小時(shí)候一直呆在家里，沒(méi)有接觸過(guò)書(shū)籍。A.balanced平衡的；B.financial經(jīng)濟(jì)的；C.tough艱難的；D.hesitant猶豫的。根據(jù)后文“adecisiontosendhisoldestsistertoschool,hehadbeenkepthome”指母親在孩子教育問(wèn)題上做出艱難的選擇。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他由單身母親撫養(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大，母親經(jīng)常不得不在如何利用有限的資源上做出艱難的選擇——包括決定把他的大姐送去上學(xué)，他小時(shí)候一直呆在家里，沒(méi)有接觸過(guò)書(shū)籍。A.interest興趣；B.relation關(guān)系；C.attention注意力；D.exposure接觸。根據(jù)上文“hehadbeenkepthomeandhadno”可知，他小時(shí)候一直呆在家里，沒(méi)有接觸過(guò)書(shū)籍。故選D。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當(dāng)Ghunta終于有機(jī)會(huì)上學(xué)時(shí)，他不能理解單詞、拼寫(xiě)或閱讀。A.makeout辨認(rèn)，理解；B.pickup撿起；C.dealwith處理；D.takein吸收。根據(jù)后文“words,spell,orreadwithunderstanding”以及上文提到他沒(méi)有接觸過(guò)書(shū)籍，所以不能理解單詞、拼寫(xiě)或閱讀。故選A。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一連串的老師讓他覺(jué)得自己一無(wú)是處，這讓情況變得更糟。A.powerless無(wú)力的；B.restless不安的；C.worthless無(wú)價(jià)值的；D.aimless無(wú)目標(biāo)的。根據(jù)后文““Theywerenotverypatient,notverykind,”hesaid,“Isufferedfromadeepsenseoflossandshame.”(“他們不是很有耐心，也不是很友善，”他說(shuō)，“我感到深深的失落和羞愧。”)”可知，他因?yàn)槔蠋煻械揭粺o(wú)是處。故選C。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，一位年輕的老師決定為學(xué)習(xí)困難的學(xué)生開(kāi)辦一個(gè)閱讀項(xiàng)目。A.struggling掙扎的；B.humble謙虛的；C.incapable無(wú)能力的；D.isolated隔絕的。根據(jù)上文“Fortunately,ayoungteacherdecidedtostartareadingprogramfor”以及Ghunta當(dāng)時(shí)感到不安的情況，可知項(xiàng)目主要針對(duì)在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)困難、掙扎的學(xué)生。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“老師對(duì)我非常好。他說(shuō)，“她給我留下了識(shí)字的禮物，讓我對(duì)自己作為一個(gè)人的價(jià)值有了更深的認(rèn)識(shí)?！盇.apparently顯然；B.incredibly難以置信地，非常；C.naturally自然地；D.sincerely真誠(chéng)地。根據(jù)后文“Shehadleftmewiththegiftofliteracy,andadeeperappreciationofmyvalueasahumanbeing(她給我留下了識(shí)字的禮物，讓我對(duì)自己作為一個(gè)人的價(jià)值有了更深的認(rèn)識(shí))”可知，老師對(duì)他非常好。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在她耐心的指導(dǎo)下，Ghunta的閱讀能力逐漸提高，他的不足感開(kāi)始減輕。A.influence影響；B.pany公司；C.devotion奉獻(xiàn)；D.guidance指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)后文“Ghunta’sreadingskillsgraduallyimproved”指老師的指導(dǎo)讓他閱讀能力逐漸提高，故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在她耐心的指導(dǎo)下，Ghunta的閱讀能力逐漸提高，他的不足感開(kāi)始消散。A.lift消散；B.wave揮舞；C.blow吹；D.move移動(dòng)。根據(jù)上文“Ghunta’sreadingskillsgraduallyimproved,andhissenseofinadequacybeganto”可知，Ghunta的閱讀能力逐漸提高，他的不足感開(kāi)始消散。故選A。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在與這位年輕的老師交流之后，Ghunta的生活有了新的方向。A.platform平臺(tái)；B.setting設(shè)置；C.direction方向；D.channe