Unit 1 Section A Grammar Focus-3c課件人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)

SectionAGrammarFocus-3cWheredidyougoonvacation?IwenttoNewYorkCity.

Didyougooutwithanyone?No,noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.Howwasthefood?No,Iboughtnothing.Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?Oh,yes.Everythingwasexcellent.GrammarFocus1.你去了什么地方去度假？

___________yougoon________?2.我去了紐約市。

I_________NewYorkCity.3.你和別的什么人一起去的嗎？

____________gooutwith_______?vacationWheredidwenttoDidyouanyone認(rèn)真讀并觀察Grammarfocus內(nèi)容，完成下列句子并試著總結(jié)一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的用法。4.不，沒(méi)有別人在這兒。每個(gè)人都在度假。

No._________washere.________wason________.5.你買(mǎi)了什么特別的東西了嗎？

_____youbuy_______________?6.是的，我為我爸爸買(mǎi)了些東西。

Yes,I________________formyfather.7.不，我沒(méi)有買(mǎi)什么東西。

No,I________________.NooneEveryonevacationanythingspecialDidboughtsomethingboughtnothing8.吃的怎么樣？________thefood?9.所有的東西嘗起來(lái)都很好。

_________________reallygood.10.每個(gè)人都玩得很開(kāi)心嗎？

_____________haveagoodtime?11.哦，是的。一切都很棒。

Oh,yes.____________wasexcellent.HowwasEverythingtastedDideveryoneEverythingThesimplepasttense一般過(guò)去時(shí)1.定義:

1)

表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(如yesterday,lastnight,in1990,twodaysago...)連用；2)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(如often,always…)連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)有哪些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可以用來(lái)描述過(guò)去？一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或從句連用。a）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

ago（twohoursago）（一段時(shí)間+ago）

yesterday（句子開(kāi)頭或結(jié)尾）

thedaybeforeyesterday

lastweek,last(year,night,month…)

具體時(shí)間（如Jan.4th）justnowattheageof...onedaylongagoonceuponatime（很久以前）thismorninglonglongago

SentencesIdidmyhomework

yesterday.Iplayedsoccer

lastSunday.Icleanedmyroom

lastweek.Iwenttothebeach

threeyearsago.Iplayedtenniswithmyfriends

lastweekend.I

wenttothemovies

threedaysago.注：“過(guò)去”的概念并不是只指如“yesterday,lastweek,…”等，實(shí)際上“與現(xiàn)在對(duì)立的過(guò)去”，亦即“非現(xiàn)在的以前”，哪怕是“過(guò)了說(shuō)話時(shí)間的幾分鐘之前”，只要所要表達(dá)的時(shí)間與說(shuō)話時(shí)的“現(xiàn)在”形成對(duì)立，就必須使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)表達(dá)。在談到已死去的人的情況時(shí)，多用過(guò)去時(shí)。

e.g.He

was

here

only

a

few

minutes

ago.僅僅幾分鐘前他還在這里。I

came

home

just

now.我剛回到家。

I

got

up

very

early

this

morning.今天早晨我起床很早。He

was

late

for

school

again

today.今天他又遲到了。a）動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則規(guī)則變化:1.直接加ed：

work—workedlook—lookedplay—played

2.

以e結(jié)尾的單詞，直接加d：

live—livedhope—hopeduse——used3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，變y為i加ed：

study——studiedcarry——carried

worry——worried

4.以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的，直接加ed：

enjoy——enjoyedplay——played

5.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，雙寫(xiě)最后的輔音字母+ed：

stop——stoppedplan——planned

規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式詞尾-ed的讀音讀音規(guī)則讀音例詞在濁輔音和元音后面/d/moved/mu:vd/在清輔音后面/t/passed/pa:st/在/t/、/d/后面/id/started['sta:tid]am,is—was

are—werego—went

do—didhave—had

come—cametake—took

say—saideat—ate

see—sawget—got

put—putsleep—sleptgive—gavewrite—wroteread—readb）動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則變化/red/buy—bought

sit—satrun—ranswim

—swammake—made

feel—felthear—heard

grow—grewtell—told

know—knewfind—foundbegin—beganbring

—broughtstand—stoodspend—spentcatch—caughtteach—taught動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則變化基本結(jié)構(gòu)：

be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式PresentPastamwasiswasarewere單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)Iwas

wewereyouwere

(一個(gè)人)

youwere

(不只一人)shewas

theywerehewasitwas肯定句：主語(yǔ)+was

(were)

+其它.

e.g.I

was

late

yesterday.

昨天我遲到了。

否定句：主語(yǔ)+was

(were)

+not+其它.

e.g.We

weren’t

late

yesterday.

我們昨天沒(méi)遲到。be

動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)構(gòu)成：疑問(wèn)句：Was

(Were)

+主語(yǔ)+其它?

e.g.

Were

you

ill

yesterday?

你昨天病了嗎？

肯定回答：

Yes,

I

was.

是的，我病了。

否定句：

No,

I

wasn’t.

不，我沒(méi)病。

特殊疑問(wèn)句：

特殊疑問(wèn)詞+was

(were)

+主語(yǔ)+其它?

e.g.When

were

you

born?

你是什么時(shí)候出生的？A:How

yourvacation,Lin?B:It

prettygood.A:How

thebeaches?B:

They

great.A:How

theweather?B:It

hotandwet.A:How

thepeople?B:They

unfriendly.A:How

thestores?B:

They

expensive.waswaswerewerewaswaswerewerewerewerebe—am/is(was)are(were)be填空肯定句要使用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式，否定句和疑問(wèn)句要使用助動(dòng)詞do和

does

的過(guò)去式

did。

肯定句：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其它.

e.g.I

went

home

at

nine

o’clock

yesterday.

我昨天九點(diǎn)鐘回的家。

否定句：主語(yǔ)+didn’t

+動(dòng)詞原形+其它.

e.g.I

didn’t

go

home

yesterday.

我昨天沒(méi)回家。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)

疑問(wèn)句：Did

+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？

e.g.

Did

you

go

home

yesterday?

你昨天回家了嗎？肯定回答：Yes,

I

did.

是的，我回了。

否定回答：No,

I

didn’t.

不，我沒(méi)回家。一般過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成形式肯定式疑問(wèn)式否定式IworkedDidIworkIdidnotworkHe/She/ItworkedDidhe/she/itworkHe/She/ItdidnotworkWeworkedDidweworkWedidnotworkYouworkedDidyouworkYoudidnotworkTheyworkedDidtheyworkTheydidnotwork動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事；be用was或用were,have,has變had；謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式，過(guò)去時(shí)間作標(biāo)志；一般動(dòng)詞加-ed，若是特殊得硬記。否定句很簡(jiǎn)單，主語(yǔ)之后didn’t添；疑問(wèn)句也不難，did放在主語(yǔ)前；如果謂語(yǔ)之前有did，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需還原；動(dòng)詞若是was,were,否定就把not添。易記歌謠Lastsummer,I______tothebeachwithmyparents.Myvacation_____prettygood.I____therebybus_____mybustrip______relaxing.Thebeach______verybeautiful.It_______sunny.I_________beachvolleyballand______swimming.Thepeople______friendlyandthefoodwas________.I__________myvacationverymuchandI_________togothereagain.wentwaswentandwaswaswasweredeliciousenjoyedhopeplayedwentWriteaboutyourvacationandgiveareport.某人某事任何人任何事沒(méi)有人沒(méi)有東西每人一切someoneanyonenooneeveryonesomebodyanybodynobodyeverybodysomethinganythingnothingeverything復(fù)合不定代詞小結(jié)：1.some,any,no,every與-one,-thing，-body可以組成復(fù)合不定代詞，他們分別是：2.復(fù)合不定代詞用法(1)some系列的不定代詞和some一樣主要用于肯

定句；any系列的不定代詞和any一樣主要用于否

定或疑問(wèn)句。如：

Thereis___________wrongwithmybike.

我的自行車(chē)出毛病了。

Ican’tsee_______intheclassroom.

在教室里我沒(méi)看見(jiàn)任何人。somethinganyone

不過(guò)，在表示請(qǐng)求、建議或征求意見(jiàn)的疑問(wèn)句中常用some系列的詞。eg.Wouldyoulike___________todrink?

你想要一些喝的東西嗎？在表達(dá)“任何”這一含義的肯定句中也要用any系列的詞。eg.Ithink__________candoit.我認(rèn)為任何人都會(huì)做。anyonesomething(2)修飾復(fù)合不定代詞something,anyone等的adj,adv,todo不定式等要放在不定代詞的后面。如：Didyoumeet__________________?

你遇見(jiàn)有趣的人了嗎？

Ihave________todotoday.

我今天沒(méi)什么事可做。

There’s__________________inthenewspapertoday.

今天的報(bào)紙里有一些重要的內(nèi)容。anyoneinterestingnothing

somethingimportant(4)no系列的不定代詞可與not...any系列的不定代詞替換。

eg.

Iboughtnothing.=I______buy___________.

我什么也沒(méi)買(mǎi)。didn'tanything(3)這些不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)看作單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

eg.Everyone______onvacationlastweekends.

上周末所有的人都在度假。wasLinda:Didyoudo___________funonyourvacation,Alice?Alice:Yes,Idid.IwenttoSanya.Linda:Howdidyoulikeit?Alice:Well,itwasmyfirsttimethere,so___________wasreallyinteresting.Fillintheblankswiththewordsintheboxandpracticetheconversation.anythingeverything3aanyonesomethinganythingeverythingnothingLinda:Didyougowith__________?Alice:Yes,Idid.Iwentwithmysister.Linda:Didyougoshopping?Alice:Ofcourse!Ibought__________formyparents,but_________formyself.Linda:Whydidn’tyoubuy__________foryourself?Alice:Ididn’treallysee____________Iliked.anyonesomethingnothinganythinganythingDearBill,Howwasyourvacation?Didyoudo________

interesting?Did________inthefamilygowithyou?Iwenttoafriend’sfarminthecountrysidewithmyfamily.__________wasgreat.anythingeverythingnothingeveryonenooneFillintheblanksinthee-mailmessagewiththewordsinthebox.anythingeveryoneEverything3bWefedsomehensandsawsomebabypigs.Theyweresocute!Theonlyproblemwasthattherewas__________muchtodointheeveningbutread.Still__________seemedtobebored.Byefornow!MarknothingnooneDidyou…EveryoneSomeone(writetheclassmates’name)Nooneeatanything

atarestaurant?readanythinginteresting?visitanyoneinyourfamily?buyanything?keepadiary?Askyourgroupquestionsabouttheirlastvacation.Thentelltheclassyourresults.Inourgroup,everyoneatesomethingatarestaurant...3c2.anyone,someone,everyone,noone,anything,something,everything，nothing等復(fù)合不定代詞的用法。Summary1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成、用法，動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則。1.get—2.say—

3.have—4.be—5.tell—6.think—7.write—8.drive—9.run—10.read—

Ⅰ.寫(xiě)出下列單詞的過(guò)去式。gotsaidhadwas,weretoldthoughtwrotedroveranreadExercises11.see—12.stand—

13.put—14.eat—

15.buy—16.drink—

17.sleep—18.come—19.play—20.study—

21.listen—

sawstoodputateboughtdranksleptcameplayedstudiedlistenedⅡ.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。We______(live)inJapanlastyear.Jack________(stop)thecarlastSunday.Tom_______(clean)hisroomand________(study)fortheChinesetestlastweekend.4.What______you______(do)lastnight?5.OnSundaymorningI_______(play)tennis.livedstoppedcleanedstudieddiddoplayedⅢ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換。

Lucy

did

her

homework

at

home.

（改否定句）

2.He

found

some

me