信息必刷卷 05(北京專用)(原卷版)

答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁年高考英語考前信息必刷卷05北京專用北京屬于自主命題地區(qū)，2022年統(tǒng)考英語聽說考試與筆試分離，實(shí)行計(jì)算機(jī)考試，一年兩次考試，取聽說最高成績與筆試成績一同組成英語科目成績計(jì)入高考總分。英語聽說考試共計(jì)50分，英語科目總成績滿分150分。筆試部分題型：完形填空（10小題，滿分15分）+短文填空（三篇短文10小題，滿分15分）+閱讀理解（四篇短文14小題，滿分28分）+七選五（5小題，滿分10分）+閱讀回答問題（4小題，滿分12分）+書面表達(dá)（1小題，滿分20分）.回顧2022年高考卷北京卷完形填空是一篇記敘文，考查點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞詞義辨析（4個(gè)），動(dòng)詞短語（1個(gè)），形容詞（3個(gè)），副詞（1個(gè)），名詞（1個(gè)）。語法填空A篇是一篇記敘文，考查點(diǎn)：介詞，不定式，動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)各一題；B篇是說明文，考查點(diǎn):非謂語，賓語從句，主謂一致各一題；C篇是記敘文，考查點(diǎn)：反身代詞，定語從句，形容詞比較級(jí)，動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)各一題。閱讀理解A篇應(yīng)用文，考查點(diǎn)：細(xì)節(jié)理解題（3題）；B篇記敘文，考查點(diǎn)：細(xì)節(jié)理解題（3題），推理判斷題（1題）；C篇說明文，推理判斷題（2題），細(xì)節(jié)理解題（1題）；D篇，議論文，（推理判斷題，細(xì)節(jié)理解題，詞義猜測題，主旨大意題各一。）閱讀表達(dá)是一篇說明文，寫作是一篇應(yīng)用文-建議信。本套試卷完形填空是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述約翰·歐恩斯在威斯康星州的荒野外救助一只掉入陷阱里大灰狼。短文填空（A篇是一篇說明文。介紹了黑洞的性質(zhì)，形成，名字的由來；B篇一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章講述了中國北方遭遇的一場十年來最大的沙塵暴。C篇是一篇說明文。文章介紹的是積極壓力的重要性）。閱讀理解（A篇是應(yīng)用文。介紹了一份來自世界各地衛(wèi)生組織的旅行指南清單，幫助游客考慮旅行時(shí)應(yīng)采取的措施，以降低健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；B篇是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者在40多歲的時(shí)候申請(qǐng)成為一名兼職學(xué)生，之后不斷努力學(xué)習(xí)，終于能夠?qū)懗鲆黄线m的學(xué)術(shù)論文的故事；C篇是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Craven從最初害怕游泳到退休后的一天看到一群小孩學(xué)游泳，最終激勵(lì)了她去游泳的故事。這個(gè)故事證明了世上無難事，只怕有心人的道理；D篇是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一款新的軟件，這款名為FIT的軟件可以用來監(jiān)控野生動(dòng)物的活動(dòng)，同時(shí)幫助保護(hù)主義者來監(jiān)視瀕危物種，并保護(hù)這些瀕危物種免受偷獵者的傷害）。七選五是說明文。文章建議四個(gè)感恩練習(xí)來享受感恩的好處。閱讀表達(dá)是一篇記敘文。書面表達(dá)是應(yīng)用文。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。JohnOenswasanenthusiastichunterandenjoyedbeinginthewoods.OnceintotheWisconsinwildernessinNovember,histeamencounteredsomethingunbelievablewhenhecheckedthe___1___.Insteadofacoyote,hesawahugetimberwolf,whichisontheendangeredspecieslist,tryingtogetfree.Johnrealizedhecouldn’t___2___thiswolf,sincetheanimalmightdieofexposure.However,hehadtoputhis___3___onthelinetofreethecreature.Hisheartwaspoundingwhileheprepared.Hisdadrantothetrucktogetagunasaprecautionandsomeplywood(夾板).___4___,theycouldfigureitoutwithoutthegun.Alittletimehadpassedsincetheyfoundthewolf,butitseemedlikeaneternity(永恒)toJohn.Whenhisdadreturned,Johnputtheplaninmotion.He___5___theplywood,usingitashisshield(盾牌).Whileallthathappened,hisfriendfilmedeverything.Hisdadwasalsoavailabletofirethegunifthewolfdecidedtoattack.Theywerepreparedbut___6___!John___7___closerandcloserallthewhile.Hisdadwasareassuringsightforhim.Johnlookedathisfriendformoralsupport,___8___thatnowwaswhentheactionstarted.Finally,Johnfreedthewolf’spawfromthetrap.Ittookonemomentforittospinandflyaway.Thethreemenwerehappybecausethewolfwasfree,andJohnwasstillsafe.Whentheyviewedthevideotoseeitall___9___later,theynoticedthewolflookatJohnforabriefmomentbeforerunningbacktothewoods.Wasithiswayofshowingappreciation?Anyhow,Johnmadethebest_____10_____!1．A．traps B．plans C．routes D．numbers2．A．free B．help C．miss D．a(chǎn)bandon3．A．hands B．life C．mind D．hope4．A．Hopefully B．Excitedly C．Finally D．Causally5．A．tookover B．setdown C．pickedup D．gaveaway6．A．determined B．interested C．scared D．disappointed7．A．checked B．inched C．rushed D．rolled8．A．signaling B．guessing C．remembering D．deciding9．A．develop B．unfold C．end D．record10．A．challenge B．preparation C．choice D．discovery第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Ablackholeisaspotinspacethathas____11____(power)gravity.Itsgravityissostrongthatitpullseverythingnearbyintoit,stars,planetsandotherthings.Blackholesformwhenastardies.Whenthathappens,ahugeamountofmattercrowdsintoaverysmallspace,which____12____(become)verydense.Blackholes____13____(talk)aboutin1783first.Thatyear,onescientistsaidthatintheuniverse,theremightbeplaceswithstronggravitytotraplight,althoughhedidn’tusetheterm“blackhole”.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。BeijingresidentswokeuptoyellowskyonSundaymorningasnorthernChina

____14____(hit)bythelargestsandstormofthedecade.Airpollutionreadingsrosetotheupperlimitof500at8a.m.,accordingtodatafromthecity'senvironmentalmonitorycenter,asvisibilitywasreducedto____15____(little)than1,000metersinpartsofthecity.Thecity'sweatherbureauadvisedresidentstostayindoorsasmuchaspossible,whileexpertsareworkingtofindout____16____thesandstormcameintobeing.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Governmentsatalllevelshavemadecontinuouseffortstoreducethefinancialburdenonhouserenters,especiallythose

____17____arenewcollegegraduates.AreportbytheMeadinAcademysaysthatcollegegraduates____18____(survey)prefertoliveinapartmentsnearthecompaniesorrailwaystationstofacilitatetheircommute(通勤).Astohouserents,mostcollegegraduatesstillneed____19____(assistant)fromtheirparentsandonlyabout20percentofthempaytherentthemselves.____20____(help)lowerthefinancialburdensofyoungpeople,manygovernmentsandcompanieshavegiventheirsupportinhouserentals.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWehavealistoftravelguidelinesfromhealthorganizationsaroundtheworldtohelpyouconsidermeasuresyoushouldtaketohelpreducehealthriskswhenyoutravel.Pleasereviewallinformationthatyouneedtoprotectyourself.WashyourhandsoftenWashyourhandsfrequentlyandthoroughlyforatleast20secondswithsoapandwater.Ifsoapandwaterarenotreadilyavailable,useahandsanitizer(洗手液)thatcontainsatleast60%alcohol.Avoidtouchingyoureyes,noseandmouthwithunwashedhands.WearamaskCleanyourhandswithaleohol-basedhandsanitizer,orsoapandwater,beforeputtingonamask.Coveryourmouthandnosewithamaskorfacecoveringandmakesuretherearenogapsbetweenyourfaceandthemask.Avoidtouchingthemaskwhileusingit;ifyoudo,cleanyourhands.CoughingandsneezingetiquetteIfyouarenotwearingamask,coveryourmouthornosewithaflexedelboworusedisposabletissueanddiscardimmediatelyafteruse.Cleanhandswithalcohol-basedhandsanitizerorsoapandwateraftercoughingorsneezing.SocialdistancingMaintainatleast6feetor2meters(about2armlengths)distancebetweenyourselfandothers.AvoidtravelingifunwellIfyouhaveafever,cough,difficultybreathing,asorethroatorhaveseenrecentchangesintasteorsmell,medicalprofessionalsrecommendyounottravel.Ifyougetsickduringthetrip,staywhereyouareandfollowtheadviceoflocalofficials.AnticipatetravelneedsBringenoughofyourmedicinetolastyoufortheentiretripandhaveprescriptionpaperworkwithyouiftravelinginternationally.Considerpackingenoughalcoholbasedhandsanitizerandkeepitwithineasyreach;butremembersomeairportsorairlinesmayhavelimitationsonvolumeofliquidsyoucancarry.Bringaclothfacecoveringormasktowearinpublicplaces.Packsomefoodincaserestaurantsandstoresareclosed,butremembersomeairlinesmaylimityourabilitytocarryfoodanddrinksonboard.21．Whatisthetextintendedtohelppeopledo?A．Travelsmarter. B．Travelsafer. C．Travellighter. D．Travelforfree.22．Whatinformationdoestheauthorprovide?A．Carryingasoapatalltimes. B．Coughingwithyourmaskoff.C．Keepingapropersocialdistance. D．Goingbackhomeifyoufeelsick.23．Whatdoestheauthorrecommendcarryingincaseyouneed?A．Alcohol. B．Facecloth. C．Foodanddrinks. D．Medicinepackaging.BThefirstessayIwroteformyhistoryofEnglishclasswasperfect,atleastfrommyperspective.Ihadworkedonitconstantlyandcouldn’twaittogetmygradeback.Ihandeditinwithpride.Twoweekslater,Ireceivedmygrade:aD．Thepageswerecoveredinredwriting,pointingouterrors.Theremusthavebeenamistake.Universitystartedlaterformethanmost.Theopportunitywasn’tavailablewhenIwasyounger—toomanykidsinourfamilyandtoolittlemoney.ButIneverstoppedwonderingwhatuniversitywouldhavebeenlike.Iwasinmy40swhenIsentinmyapplicationandasapart-timestudent,Iwillbeinmy60sbeforeI’mfinished.That’smygoal.What’sitliketobetheoldguyinaclassfullof20-year-olds?It’sstrange.Theyprettymuchignoredme,andIignoredthem.Theyalsoignoredeachother.However,afterwehadmoregroupworktogether,peoplestartedtocommunicate.AlthoughIwasanEnglishmajor,someofmyfavoriteclasseswereunrelatedelectives.CoursesinarthistoryandGreekandRomanhistorywerefascinating.Iwaseagertodowell.Iarrangedameetingtodiscussmyessaygradeandarrived10minutesearlytomeettheteacher’sassistantIwasreadytoargueforthebrillianceofmypaper.However,shequicklyexplainedtomethatthepaperfailedtomakeastrongargument.Themarkremained.Ikeptstudyingandkeptleaning,IlearnedtolovetwodozenwritersIhadneverheardofbeforeandexploredtypesofliteratureIhadneverexamined.Eventually,Ilearnedhowtowriteanessayinproperacademicprose.Universityisdifferentwhenyouareasenior,part-timestudent.Ifyouaretheretoestablishacareerorbecauseyourparentsforcedyoutogo,thereareotherpressures.Forme,it’sjustlearning.WhetherI’mlearningremotelyorinperson,itmakestheworldabigger,richerplace.24．Whydidthewriterstartuniversitylaterthanothers?A．Hisapplicationwasrefused. B．Histeacherdislikedhisessay.C．Hisfamilywasnotrichenough. D．Hishealthdidnotmeetthestandard.25．Howdidthewriterfeelafterreceivingthegradeofhisfirstessay?A．Surprised. B．Pleased C．Excited. D．Hopeless26．Whathelpedthewriterinwritingaproperacademicessay?A．Strongcuriosity. B．Constantefforts.C．Greatpressure. D．Remarkablecreativity.27．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．PracticeMakesPerfectB．NotAllThatShinesIsGoldC．WhereThereIsAWill,ThereIsAWayD．ActionSpeaksLouderThanWordsCIt’sthegreenwallofherschoolswimmingpoolthatJillCravenremembersbest,asshefeltherteacher’shandonherhead,guidingherunderwater.“Youknowhowtimeslows?Goingunder.Watching...”shesays.ThiswasinPalmerstonNorth,whenshewasfive.Whileherthreeoldersiblingscouldswimhalfamileormore,shewoulddoanythingtoavoidswimminglessons.Inher20s,shemovedtoLondontopursueacareerinjournalism.Sheinsistedshehadneverfearedforhercareer,butshestillhadthislifelongfearofbeingunderwater.However,whensheretired,Cravenwasdiagnosedwithbreastcancer,andwasadvisedtoswimaspartofherrecovery.Stillfindingthefearundefeatable,shetookupwaterjogginginstead-liketreadingwater(踩水),butmoving-withafloatationaidaroundhermiddle.Shecouldgetherfeetofthebottomofthepoolforaquickdoggypaddle,butanythingmorewasbeyondher.Onedayatthepool,shesawagroupofchildrenhavingalesson.Itwasanindoorpool,niceandwarm,andthechildrenwerefiveorsix.“Ijustthought,it’stimetodothis,”shesays.“WhoknowswhatIlookedlike.Aneggbeater,”shecontinues.“Ididfivestrokes,orsix.Iwassoproudofmyself”.Thenalifeguardencouragedhertocontinueandtoldherhowtobreathe.Afriendgavehergoggles.HernieceJustinewalkedbesidethepoolclapping,andCravenfeltasifshehadwonagoldmedal.JustineboughtCravenlessonsforher69thbirthday.Beforelong,Cravenhadswumalengthwithherfaceinthewater.Whenherinstructortoldhertositonthebottomofthepool,Cravenfeltlikegoingbacktobeingafive-year-old.Shehungontothestairsasshewentdown.Butshedidit!Shestayedthereforafewseconds!NowCravenswimstwiceaweek:fivelengths,sometimes10,witharestaftereach.“Ijustthinkyouneedtodothingsifyoucan.Ifyoucan,youmust.”shesays.28．WhydidCravenchoosewaterjogginginsteadofswimming?A．Shehatedlosingface.B．Shelikedtreadingwater.C．Shewasafraidtoswim.D．Shewasfondoffloating.29．WhatinspiredCraventotryswimmingagain?A．Thesightofkidslearningswimming.B．ThesupportofhernieceJustine.C．Theencouragementfromalifeguard.D．Thedoctor’sadviceonherrecovery.30．Whatisthepassagetryingtotellus?A．Oncebitten,twiceshy.B．Youcanneverteachanolddognewtricks.C．Practicemakesperfect.D．Nothingisimpossibleforawillingheart.DInteractivesoftwarethat“reads”andanalysesfootprintsleftbyblackrhinos(犀牛)canbeusedtomonitorthemovementsoftheanimalsinthewild,givingconservationistsanewwaytokeepwatchontheendangeredspeciesandhelpkeepitsafefrompoachers(偷獵者),accordingtoaDukeUniversity-ledstudy.Thesoftware,calledtheFootprintIdentificationTechnique(FIT),usesadvancedtechnologytoanalyzemorethan100measurementsofarhino'sfootprint.Becauseeachrhino'sfootprintisasspecialasahumanfingerprint,theanalyzedimagescanbecollectedelectronicallyinaglobaldatabaseofpreviouslycollectedfootprintimagesformatching.“Ifyoufindamatch,youcanidentifytheindividualanimalwholeftthemarkand,byplottingthelocationsofalltheotherplaceswheremarkshavebeenseen,trackitsmovementswithoutdisturbingitorcomingintocloseenoughcontactwithit,”saidZoeJewell,aprofessoratDukeUniversity'sNicholasSchooloftheEnvironment,whoco-ledthestudyandisco-creatorofFIT.“It'sacost-effectiveapproachthatnotonlyprotectsthehealthoftherhinoandthehuman,butalsobringsacenturies-oldtrackingskillintothe21stCentury,”shesaid.JewellandhercolleaguesarenowworkingwithNamibia'sMinistryofEnvironment,ForestryandTourismtotrainwildlifeconservationists,landmanagersandlocalguideshowtouseFIT.Namibiaishometoanestimated2,000blackrhinos,orabout90%ofthespecies'totalpopulationworldwide.Thoughlegallyownedbythegovernment,theanimalsaredistributedgeographicallyonprivatelandsacrossthecountry.TheFITsoftwarecanalsodoasurveyoffootprintsthroughouttheprotectedareaandtakemeasurementsfromeachfootprinttoestimatethenumberofrhinosinthatarea.Thiscanbeusefulinformationforcalculationresourceneedstomonitortheanimalseffectively.Thiscreatesaninteractivelibrarythatanti-poachingpatrols(反偷獵巡邏)canusetosearchforanimalsatthehighestrisk,includingthosewhosefootprintshaven’tbeenshowingupinrecentyears.31．Whatisthepurposeofthesoftware?A．Topromotethedevelopmentoftechnology.B．Toprotectblackrhinosfrombeinghunted.C．Toanalyzethefootprintsofillegalpoachers.D．Tosaveendangeredspeciesacrosstheworld.32．What’stheadvantageofthesoftware?A．Itownsvariousfunctions. B．Itgoestothemarket.C．Itisperfectlypractical. D．Itismorethanpopular.33．WhatdoesZoeJewellsayabouttheapproach?A．Itbringsthebestadvantageforthelowestcost.B．Ithelpsincreasethepopulationofblackrhinos.C．Itraisespeople'sawarenessoftheenvironment.D．Itstrengthensthetiebetweenhumansandnature.34．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefutureofrhinos?A．Optimistic. B．Hopeless. C．Worrying. D．Uncertain.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Gratitude(感激之情)doesmorethanjustimproveyourmoodforthemoment.Itactuallychangesyourmindsetandplaysamajorroleinsuccessandoverallhappiness.____35____Enjoythebenefitsoffeelingthankfulwiththesefourgratitudepracticeseveryday.Showyourappreciationforothers.Whenyouthinkofgratitudeexercises,youhaveprobablyalreadyheardofsuggestionslikekeepingagratitudejournal.Yetevenmorebeneficialthancountingyourblessingsisreceivingthanksfromothers.Toencourageactsofgratitude,leadbyexample.____36____Youcreateanenvironmentofopengratitude,andyoumayevenreceivethesameappreciationinreturn.____37____Encouragegratitude.Inaninterview,researchprofessorDr.BrenéBrownexplainedherdailypracticestoencouragegratitudeamonghercolleagues.Shegatherspostersandputsanameofacoworkeroneachboard.Theneveryonegoesaroundandwritesanicethingaboutthatpersonundertheirname.Youcancreateyourowngroupgratitudeexerciseslikethistoencouragepositivityandappreciationamongfriends,family,oratwork.Feelinspiredbygratitudestories.____38____Lookforpeopleinyourlife,orinthemedia,whohavestruggledandsucceededthankstothesupportofothers.Havingempathy(同理心)isgoodforyou.Startyourdaywithamorninggratitudepractice.____39____Sowhynotstartitfromaplaceofgratitudeandgrace?Eachmorning,beforeyougetoutofbed,takeamomenttocountyourblessings.Trytothinkofthreetofivethingsyoufeelgratefulfortoday.Thismayimproveyourmentalhealth,aswellasofferyouapositivestarttoyourday!A．Creategroupgratitudepractices.B．Learntotreasurethepresentmoment.C．So,putalittlegratitudeintoyourroutine!D．Feedyourbrainwithgoodnewsandgratitudestories!E．Practicegratitudewheneveryouareinthemoodforit.F．Thewayyoustartyourmorningsetsthetonefortherestoftheday.G．Showyourappreciationtowardotherswhenyougenuinelyfeelthatway.第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。GhanimAl-Muftah,2022QatarWorldCupAmbassador(大使),wasbornonMay5,2002,witharareconditionknownasCaudalRegressionSyndrome,whichcausesitspatientstobebornwithoutthelowerhalfofthebody.Naturally,onewouldexpecthimtouseawheelchair,butheinsistsonmovingaroundonhishandsbecausehebelievesthatheshouldmakeuseofeverythingwithwhichheisblessedratherthanfocusonwhathedoesn’thave.WhileGhanimwasgrowingup,hefounditdifficulttoattendschooli