信息必刷卷 05(北京專用)(原卷版)

答案第=page11頁，共=sectionpages22頁年高考英語考前信息必刷卷05北京專用北京屬于自主命題地區(qū)，2022年統(tǒng)考英語聽說考試與筆試分離，實行計算機考試，一年兩次考試，取聽說最高成績與筆試成績一同組成英語科目成績計入高考總分。英語聽說考試共計50分，英語科目總成績滿分150分。筆試部分題型：完形填空（10小題，滿分15分）+短文填空（三篇短文10小題，滿分15分）+閱讀理解（四篇短文14小題，滿分28分）+七選五（5小題，滿分10分）+閱讀回答問題（4小題，滿分12分）+書面表達（1小題，滿分20分）.回顧2022年高考卷北京卷完形填空是一篇記敘文，考查點：動詞詞義辨析（4個），動詞短語（1個），形容詞（3個），副詞（1個），名詞（1個）。語法填空A篇是一篇記敘文，考查點：介詞，不定式，動詞時態(tài)各一題；B篇是說明文，考查點:非謂語，賓語從句，主謂一致各一題；C篇是記敘文，考查點：反身代詞，定語從句，形容詞比較級，動詞時態(tài)各一題。閱讀理解A篇應(yīng)用文，考查點：細節(jié)理解題（3題）；B篇記敘文，考查點：細節(jié)理解題（3題），推理判斷題（1題）；C篇說明文，推理判斷題（2題），細節(jié)理解題（1題）；D篇，議論文，（推理判斷題，細節(jié)理解題，詞義猜測題，主旨大意題各一。）閱讀表達是一篇說明文，寫作是一篇應(yīng)用文-建議信。本套試卷完形填空是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述約翰·歐恩斯在威斯康星州的荒野外救助一只掉入陷阱里大灰狼。短文填空（A篇是一篇說明文。介紹了黑洞的性質(zhì)，形成，名字的由來；B篇一篇新聞報道。文章講述了中國北方遭遇的一場十年來最大的沙塵暴。C篇是一篇說明文。文章介紹的是積極壓力的重要性）。閱讀理解（A篇是應(yīng)用文。介紹了一份來自世界各地衛(wèi)生組織的旅行指南清單，幫助游客考慮旅行時應(yīng)采取的措施，以降低健康風(fēng)險；B篇是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者在40多歲的時候申請成為一名兼職學(xué)生，之后不斷努力學(xué)習(xí)，終于能夠?qū)懗鲆黄线m的學(xué)術(shù)論文的故事；C篇是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Craven從最初害怕游泳到退休后的一天看到一群小孩學(xué)游泳，最終激勵了她去游泳的故事。這個故事證明了世上無難事，只怕有心人的道理；D篇是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一款新的軟件，這款名為FIT的軟件可以用來監(jiān)控野生動物的活動，同時幫助保護主義者來監(jiān)視瀕危物種，并保護這些瀕危物種免受偷獵者的傷害）。七選五是說明文。文章建議四個感恩練習(xí)來享受感恩的好處。閱讀表達是一篇記敘文。書面表達是應(yīng)用文。第一部分知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。JohnOenswasanenthusiastichunterandenjoyedbeinginthewoods.OnceintotheWisconsinwildernessinNovember,histeamencounteredsomethingunbelievablewhenhecheckedthe___1___.Insteadofacoyote,hesawahugetimberwolf,whichisontheendangeredspecieslist,tryingtogetfree.Johnrealizedhecouldn’t___2___thiswolf,sincetheanimalmightdieofexposure.However,hehadtoputhis___3___onthelinetofreethecreature.Hisheartwaspoundingwhileheprepared.Hisdadrantothetrucktogetagunasaprecautionandsomeplywood(夾板).___4___,theycouldfigureitoutwithoutthegun.Alittletimehadpassedsincetheyfoundthewolf,butitseemedlikeaneternity(永恒)toJohn.Whenhisdadreturned,Johnputtheplaninmotion.He___5___theplywood,usingitashisshield(盾牌).Whileallthathappened,hisfriendfilmedeverything.Hisdadwasalsoavailabletofirethegunifthewolfdecidedtoattack.Theywerepreparedbut___6___!John___7___closerandcloserallthewhile.Hisdadwasareassuringsightforhim.Johnlookedathisfriendformoralsupport,___8___thatnowwaswhentheactionstarted.Finally,Johnfreedthewolf’spawfromthetrap.Ittookonemomentforittospinandflyaway.Thethreemenwerehappybecausethewolfwasfree,andJohnwasstillsafe.Whentheyviewedthevideotoseeitall___9___later,theynoticedthewolflookatJohnforabriefmomentbeforerunningbacktothewoods.Wasithiswayofshowingappreciation?Anyhow,Johnmadethebest_____10_____!1．A．traps B．plans C．routes D．numbers2．A．free B．help C．miss D．a(chǎn)bandon3．A．hands B．life C．mind D．hope4．A．Hopefully B．Excitedly C．Finally D．Causally5．A．tookover B．setdown C．pickedup D．gaveaway6．A．determined B．interested C．scared D．disappointed7．A．checked B．inched C．rushed D．rolled8．A．signaling B．guessing C．remembering D．deciding9．A．develop B．unfold C．end D．record10．A．challenge B．preparation C．choice D．discovery第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Ablackholeisaspotinspacethathas____11____(power)gravity.Itsgravityissostrongthatitpullseverythingnearbyintoit,stars,planetsandotherthings.Blackholesformwhenastardies.Whenthathappens,ahugeamountofmattercrowdsintoaverysmallspace,which____12____(become)verydense.Blackholes____13____(talk)aboutin1783first.Thatyear,onescientistsaidthatintheuniverse,theremightbeplaceswithstronggravitytotraplight,althoughhedidn’tusetheterm“blackhole”.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。BeijingresidentswokeuptoyellowskyonSundaymorningasnorthernChina

____14____(hit)bythelargestsandstormofthedecade.Airpollutionreadingsrosetotheupperlimitof500at8a.m.,accordingtodatafromthecity'senvironmentalmonitorycenter,asvisibilitywasreducedto____15____(little)than1,000metersinpartsofthecity.Thecity'sweatherbureauadvisedresidentstostayindoorsasmuchaspossible,whileexpertsareworkingtofindout____16____thesandstormcameintobeing.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Governmentsatalllevelshavemadecontinuouseffortstoreducethefinancialburdenonhouserenters,especiallythose

____17____arenewcollegegraduates.AreportbytheMeadinAcademysaysthatcollegegraduates____18____(survey)prefertoliveinapartmentsnearthecompaniesorrailwaystationstofacilitatetheircommute(通勤).Astohouserents,mostcollegegraduatesstillneed____19____(assistant)fromtheirparentsandonlyabout20percentofthempaytherentthemselves.____20____(help)lowerthefinancialburdensofyoungpeople,manygovernmentsandcompanieshavegiventheirsupportinhouserentals.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWehavealistoftravelguidelinesfromhealthorganizationsaroundtheworldtohelpyouconsidermeasuresyoushouldtaketohelpreducehealthriskswhenyoutravel.Pleasereviewallinformationthatyouneedtoprotectyourself.WashyourhandsoftenWashyourhandsfrequentlyandthoroughlyforatleast20secondswithsoapandwater.Ifsoapandwaterarenotreadilyavailable,useahandsanitizer(洗手液)thatcontainsatleast60%alcohol.Avoidtouchingyoureyes,noseandmouthwithunwashedhands.WearamaskCleanyourhandswithaleohol-basedhandsanitizer,orsoapandwater,beforeputtingonamask.Coveryourmouthandnosewithamaskorfacecoveringandmakesuretherearenogapsbetweenyourfaceandthemask.Avoidtouchingthemaskwhileusingit;ifyoudo,cleanyourhands.CoughingandsneezingetiquetteIfyouarenotwearingamask,coveryourmouthornosewithaflexedelboworusedisposabletissueanddiscardimmediatelyafteruse.Cleanhandswithalcohol-basedhandsanitizerorsoapandwateraftercoughingorsneezing.SocialdistancingMaintainatleast6feetor2meters(about2armlengths)distancebetweenyourselfandothers.AvoidtravelingifunwellIfyouhaveafever,cough,difficultybreathing,asorethroatorhaveseenrecentchangesintasteorsmell,medicalprofessionalsrecommendyounottravel.Ifyougetsickduringthetrip,staywhereyouareandfollowtheadviceoflocalofficials.AnticipatetravelneedsBringenoughofyourmedicinetolastyoufortheentiretripandhaveprescriptionpaperworkwithyouiftravelinginternationally.Considerpackingenoughalcoholbasedhandsanitizerandkeepitwithineasyreach;butremembersomeairportsorairlinesmayhavelimitationsonvolumeofliquidsyoucancarry.Bringaclothfacecoveringormasktowearinpublicplaces.Packsomefoodincaserestaurantsandstoresareclosed,butremembersomeairlinesmaylimityourabilitytocarryfoodanddrinksonboard.21．Whatisthetextintendedtohelppeopledo?A．Travelsmarter. B．Travelsafer. C．Travellighter. D．Travelforfree.22．Whatinformationdoestheauthorprovide?A．Carryingasoapatalltimes. B．Coughingwithyourmaskoff.C．Keepingapropersocialdistance. D．Goingbackhomeifyoufeelsick.23．Whatdoestheauthorrecommendcarryingincaseyouneed?A．Alcohol. B．Facecloth. C．Foodanddrinks. D．Medicinepackaging.BThefirstessayIwroteformyhistoryofEnglishclasswasperfect,atleastfrommyperspective.Ihadworkedonitconstantlyandcouldn’twaittogetmygradeback.Ihandeditinwithpride.Twoweekslater,Ireceivedmygrade:aD．Thepageswerecoveredinredwriting,pointingouterrors.Theremusthavebeenamistake.Universitystartedlaterformethanmost.Theopportunitywasn’tavailablewhenIwasyounger—toomanykidsinourfamilyandtoolittlemoney.ButIneverstoppedwonderingwhatuniversitywouldhavebeenlike.Iwasinmy40swhenIsentinmyapplicationandasapart-timestudent,Iwillbeinmy60sbeforeI’mfinished.That’smygoal.What’sitliketobetheoldguyinaclassfullof20-year-olds?It’sstrange.Theyprettymuchignoredme,andIignoredthem.Theyalsoignoredeachother.However,afterwehadmoregroupworktogether,peoplestartedtocommunicate.AlthoughIwasanEnglishmajor,someofmyfavoriteclasseswereunrelatedelectives.CoursesinarthistoryandGreekandRomanhistorywerefascinating.Iwaseagertodowell.Iarrangedameetingtodiscussmyessaygradeandarrived10minutesearlytomeettheteacher’sassistantIwasreadytoargueforthebrillianceofmypaper.However,shequicklyexplainedtomethatthepaperfailedtomakeastrongargument.Themarkremained.Ikeptstudyingandkeptleaning,IlearnedtolovetwodozenwritersIhadneverheardofbeforeandexploredtypesofliteratureIhadneverexamined.Eventually,Ilearnedhowtowriteanessayinproperacademicprose.Universityisdifferentwhenyouareasenior,part-timestudent.Ifyouaretheretoestablishacareerorbecauseyourparentsforcedyoutogo,thereareotherpressures.Forme,it’sjustlearning.WhetherI’mlearningremotelyorinperson,itmakestheworldabigger,richerplace.24．Whydidthewriterstartuniversitylaterthanothers?A．Hisapplicationwasrefused. B．Histeacherdislikedhisessay.C．Hisfamilywasnotrichenough. D．Hishealthdidnotmeetthestandard.25．Howdidthewriterfeelafterreceivingthegradeofhisfirstessay?A．Surprised. B．Pleased C．Excited. D．Hopeless26．Whathelpedthewriterinwritingaproperacademicessay?A．Strongcuriosity. B．Constantefforts.C．Greatpressure. D．Remarkablecreativity.27．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．PracticeMakesPerfectB．NotAllThatShinesIsGoldC．WhereThereIsAWill,ThereIsAWayD．ActionSpeaksLouderThanWordsCIt’sthegreenwallofherschoolswimmingpoolthatJillCravenremembersbest,asshefeltherteacher’shandonherhead,guidingherunderwater.“Youknowhowtimeslows?Goingunder.Watching...”shesays.ThiswasinPalmerstonNorth,whenshewasfive.Whileherthreeoldersiblingscouldswimhalfamileormore,shewoulddoanythingtoavoidswimminglessons.Inher20s,shemovedtoLondontopursueacareerinjournalism.Sheinsistedshehadneverfearedforhercareer,butshestillhadthislifelongfearofbeingunderwater.However,whensheretired,Cravenwasdiagnosedwithbreastcancer,andwasadvisedtoswimaspartofherrecovery.Stillfindingthefearundefeatable,shetookupwaterjogginginstead-liketreadingwater(踩水),butmoving-withafloatationaidaroundhermiddle.Shecouldgetherfeetofthebottomofthepoolforaquickdoggypaddle,butanythingmorewasbeyondher.Onedayatthepool,shesawagroupofchildrenhavingalesson.Itwasanindoorpool,niceandwarm,andthechildrenwerefiveorsix.“Ijustthought,it’stimetodothis,”shesays.“WhoknowswhatIlookedlike.Aneggbeater,”shecontinues.“Ididfivestrokes,orsix.Iwassoproudofmyself”.Thenalifeguardencouragedhertocontinueandtoldherhowtobreathe.Afriendgavehergoggles.HernieceJustinewalkedbesidethepoolclapping,andCravenfeltasifshehadwonagoldmedal.JustineboughtCravenlessonsforher69thbirthday.Beforelong,Cravenhadswumalengthwithherfaceinthewater.Whenherinstructortoldhertositonthebottomofthepool,Cravenfeltlikegoingbacktobeingafive-year-old.Shehungontothestairsasshewentdown.Butshedidit!Shestayedthereforafewseconds!NowCravenswimstwiceaweek:fivelengths,sometimes10,witharestaftereach.“Ijustthinkyouneedtodothingsifyoucan.Ifyoucan,youmust.”shesays.28．WhydidCravenchoosewaterjogginginsteadofswimming?A．Shehatedlosingface.B．Shelikedtreadingwater.C．Shewasafraidtoswim.D．Shewasfondoffloating.29．WhatinspiredCraventotryswimmingagain?A．Thesightofkidslearningswimming.B．ThesupportofhernieceJustine.C．Theencouragementfromalifeguard.D．Thedoctor’sadviceonherrecovery.30．Whatisthepassagetryingtotellus?A．Oncebitten,twiceshy.B．Youcanneverteachanolddognewtricks.C．Practicemakesperfect.D．Nothingisimpossibleforawillingheart.DInteractivesoftwarethat“reads”andanalysesfootprintsleftbyblackrhinos(犀牛)canbeusedtomonitorthemovementsoftheanimalsinthewild,givingconservationistsanewwaytokeepwatchontheendangeredspeciesandhelpkeepitsafefrompoachers(偷獵者),accordingtoaDukeUniversity-ledstudy.Thesoftware,calledtheFootprintIdentificationTechnique(FIT),usesadvancedtechnologytoanalyzemorethan100measurementsofarhino'sfootprint.Becauseeachrhino'sfootprintisasspecialasahumanfingerprint,theanalyzedimagescanbecollectedelectronicallyinaglobaldatabaseofpreviouslycollectedfootprintimagesformatching.“Ifyoufindamatch,youcanidentifytheindividualanimalwholeftthemarkand,byplottingthelocationsofalltheotherplaceswheremarkshavebeenseen,trackitsmovementswithoutdisturbingitorcomingintocloseenoughcontactwithit,”saidZoeJewell,aprofessoratDukeUniversity'sNicholasSchooloftheEnvironment,whoco-ledthestudyandisco-creatorofFIT.“It'sacost-effectiveapproachthatnotonlyprotectsthehealthoftherhinoandthehuman,butalsobringsacenturies-oldtrackingskillintothe21stCentury,”shesaid.JewellandhercolleaguesarenowworkingwithNamibia'sMinistryofEnvironment,ForestryandTourismtotrainwildlifeconservationists,landmanagersandlocalguideshowtouseFIT.Namibiaishometoanestimated2,000blackrhinos,orabout90%ofthespecies'totalpopulationworldwide.Thoughlegallyownedbythegovernment,theanimalsaredistributedgeographicallyonprivatelandsacrossthecountry.TheFITsoftwarecanalsodoasurveyoffootprintsthroughouttheprotectedareaandtakemeasurementsfromeachfootprinttoestimatethenumberofrhinosinthatarea.Thiscanbeusefulinformationforcalculationresourceneedstomonitortheanimalseffectively.Thiscreatesaninteractivelibrarythatanti-poachingpatrols(反偷獵巡邏)canusetosearchforanimalsatthehighestrisk,includingthosewhosefootprintshaven’tbeenshowingupinrecentyears.31．Whatisthepurposeofthesoftware?A．Topromotethedevelopmentoftechnology.B．Toprotectblackrhinosfrombeinghunted.C．Toanalyzethefootprintsofillegalpoachers.D．Tosaveendangeredspeciesacrosstheworld.32．What’stheadvantageofthesoftware?A．Itownsvariousfunctions. B．Itgoestothemarket.C．Itisperfectlypractical. D．Itismorethanpopular.33．WhatdoesZoeJewellsayabouttheapproach?A．Itbringsthebestadvantageforthelowestcost.B．Ithelpsincreasethepopulationofblackrhinos.C．Itraisespeople'sawarenessoftheenvironment.D．Itstrengthensthetiebetweenhumansandnature.34．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefutureofrhinos?A．Optimistic. B．Hopeless. C．Worrying. D．Uncertain.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Gratitude(感激之情)doesmorethanjustimproveyourmoodforthemoment.Itactuallychangesyourmindsetandplaysamajorroleinsuccessandoverallhappiness.____35____Enjoythebenefitsoffeelingthankfulwiththesefourgratitudepracticeseveryday.Showyourappreciationforothers.Whenyouthinkofgratitudeexercises,youhaveprobablyalreadyheardofsuggestionslikekeepingagratitudejournal.Yetevenmorebeneficialthancountingyourblessingsisreceivingthanksfromothers.Toencourageactsofgratitude,leadbyexample.____36____Youcreateanenvironmentofopengratitude,andyoumayevenreceivethesameappreciationinreturn.____37____Encouragegratitude.Inaninterview,researchprofessorDr.BrenéBrownexplainedherdailypracticestoencouragegratitudeamonghercolleagues.Shegatherspostersandputsanameofacoworkeroneachboard.Theneveryonegoesaroundandwritesanicethingaboutthatpersonundertheirname.Youcancreateyourowngroupgratitudeexerciseslikethistoencouragepositivityandappreciationamongfriends,family,oratwork.Feelinspiredbygratitudestories.____38____Lookforpeopleinyourlife,orinthemedia,whohavestruggledandsucceededthankstothesupportofothers.Havingempathy(同理心)isgoodforyou.Startyourdaywithamorninggratitudepractice.____39____Sowhynotstartitfromaplaceofgratitudeandgrace?Eachmorning,beforeyougetoutofbed,takeamomenttocountyourblessings.Trytothinkofthreetofivethingsyoufeelgratefulfortoday.Thismayimproveyourmentalhealth,aswellasofferyouapositivestarttoyourday!A．Creategroupgratitudepractices.B．Learntotreasurethepresentmoment.C．So,putalittlegratitudeintoyourroutine!D．Feedyourbrainwithgoodnewsandgratitudestories!E．Practicegratitudewheneveryouareinthemoodforit.F．Thewayyoustartyourmorningsetsthetonefortherestoftheday.G．Showyourappreciationtowardotherswhenyougenuinelyfeelthatway.第三部分書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。GhanimAl-Muftah,2022QatarWorldCupAmbassador(大使),wasbornonMay5,2002,witharareconditionknownasCaudalRegressionSyndrome,whichcausesitspatientstobebornwithoutthelowerhalfofthebody.Naturally,onewouldexpecthimtouseawheelchair,butheinsistsonmovingaroundonhishandsbecausehebelievesthatheshouldmakeuseofeverythingwithwhichheisblessedratherthanfocusonwhathedoesn’thave.WhileGhanimwasgrowingup,hefounditdifficulttoattendschooli