狀語從句(9種全)

狀從句在復(fù)合句中作狀語的從句叫狀語從句。狀語從句有時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、果、條件、方式、比較、讓步等種類。一、時(shí)間狀語從句引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的連接詞有:,,,,,,r,sn,,,,o,,moment/minute/instant/second,everytime,eachtime,anytime,thefirsttime,nexttime,last,le,ye,,,y等。1.表示一···就的句型1)assoonas/onceAssoonashearrives,I'llcallyou他一到，我就給你打電話（assoonas側(cè)重時(shí)間或動(dòng)作先后銜接緊，而e側(cè)重條件，表示一旦）2)ondoingsth/onone's+n.作時(shí)間狀語Onarrivingatthestation,thethiefwasarrested.一到達(dá)車站，這個(gè)小偷就被逮捕了。OnhisarrivalinParis,hewasrecognizedasanobleandthrownintoprison.他一到達(dá)巴黎，就被認(rèn)出是一個(gè)貴族，并被投入監(jiān)獄。)orn,它們表“一…就。結(jié)構(gòu)中的否定詞放在句首時(shí)，主句要倒裝（主句都用過去完成時(shí)從句用一般過去時(shí)）Nosoonerhadhereachedhomethanitbegantorain.他剛到家，天就開始下雨了。Hardly/ScarcelyhadIenteredtheroomwhenthephonerang.我一進(jìn)屋，電話就響了。注意當(dāng)o,,y不放在句首時(shí)，主句不倒裝，如：Ihadnosoonerreachedthebusstopthanthebusstarted.注意我剛到車站，車就開走了。Ihadscarcel（hardl）enteredtheroomwhenthephonerang.4）themoment,theinstant,theminute,theThemomentIsawhim,Irecognizedhim.我一看見他，就認(rèn)出了他。leeeue你一準(zhǔn)備好，我們就出發(fā)。5有些副詞如：,,y可用作連詞，后接從句。Ileftimmediatelytheclockstruck5.我剛走，鐘就敲了五點(diǎn)。2.when,while,as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句)n的用法①n既可指時(shí)間點(diǎn)，也可指時(shí)間段（即：從句動(dòng)詞可以是短暫的也可是延續(xù)的；從句動(dòng)作可同時(shí)也可先后發(fā)生。IwasthinwhenIwasachild.當(dāng)我是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候,我很瘦。tsgnI.我到達(dá)時(shí)，天正在下雨。②在n引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，如果從句主語與主句主語相同或?yàn)閕t，且從句有be詞，則從句可省主語和be動(dòng)詞，如：When(youare)introuble,youcanvisitthisman.當(dāng)你有麻煩時(shí)，可以找這個(gè)人。Sheisalwayslisteningtomusicwhe（sheis)doingherhomework. 當(dāng)她做作業(yè)時(shí)總聽音樂。③n在下列結(jié)構(gòu),譯成“這時(shí)”,它引導(dǎo)的是并列句beabouttodo...when,bedoing...when,haddone···when,beonone'sway...when,beonthepointofdoing...whe詞部分n的用法）2）while用法while作，相當(dāng)于duringthetimethat....MymotherwascookingwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.當(dāng)我在做作業(yè)時(shí)，媽媽在做飯。ImeeIm.我在這兒的時(shí)候，我很安全。注意while除引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句外，還引導(dǎo)對(duì)比句，作“然而”講；并可在句首引出步狀語從句作雖然···但講。注意Ieg,whilehelikesreading.我喜歡看電視，而他喜歡讀書。eessn,ens盡管他自己有車，他卻常用我的。)s的用法①s引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)?？珊蚽換用，但較強(qiáng)調(diào)同時(shí)發(fā)生，多指短暫動(dòng)作。sIte,Ite.我離家時(shí)，忘了帶鑰匙。②s還可說明兩種正在發(fā)展或變化的情況“隨著...”的意思，表時(shí)間的推移。如：sIt,Ite隨著年齡的增長，我變得更加樂觀。③s表“一邊…一邊…，引出伴隨動(dòng)作。Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashe他匆忙地回家，邊走邊往后看。④用以強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作緊接著發(fā)生。Ashewasgoingout,itbegantorain.當(dāng)他出去的時(shí)候，天開始下雨了。⑤s有時(shí)引出一個(gè)名詞，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句。Asaboy(whenhewasaboy),hewashopelessatmaths.當(dāng)他是孩子時(shí)，他對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)失去希望。.e引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句①e引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句不用否定式謂語。Beforetheygottothebusstop,thebushadgone.在他們到達(dá)公共汽車站之前，公共汽車已經(jīng)走了。“te+時(shí)間段+e“…就。該句型有一般過去時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)有否定句。Itwillbesometimebefore...Itwassometimebefore...did...Itwouldbesometimebefore...did...tsg“很久才ttg“不久就...”Itwillbemanyyearsbeforethechemicalsstarttoescapefrome.多年以后化學(xué)物質(zhì)才開始從容器中逃逸。Itwasnotlongbeforehecameback不久他就回來了。Itwasalongtimebeforehegottosleepagain.很久他才再次入睡。tsakeedls一個(gè)星期后他才能講述他的經(jīng)歷。Itwasn'tlongbeforehetoldusabouthimself.不久他就給我們講述了他自己的故事。▲e可譯成“未來得及”HehadmeasuredmebeforeIcouldgetaword.我還未來得及插話，他就量好了尺寸?！鴈可譯成“趁著還沒”I'llwriteitdownbeforeIforget.趁著還沒忘我要把它寫下來4.until和till1“延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞肯定式+until”表示“動(dòng)作延續(xù)到…為止”譯為“直到…為止，如Iwaitedforhimuntilhecameback.我一直等到他回來。2“終止性動(dòng)詞的否定式+until”表示“直到···才。Hedidn'tgotobeduntilhehadfinishedhiswork.直到完成工作他才睡覺。3用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句式“Itisnotuntil...that...”Itwasnotuntiltheprofessorcamethatwebegantheexperiment.在教授到來之后，我們才開始實(shí)驗(yàn)。4)notuntil放在句首時(shí)，主句倒裝。Notuntilhegraduateddidhesucceedinobtainingthiscompound. 直到他畢業(yè)他才成獲得這種化合物。注意用until，而不用til；not...until...用till。注意5.since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，意為“自從…時(shí)起，主句要用完成時(shí)。.isneeee自從李先生回來以后，他一直在這兒。Ihaven'theardfromhimsincehelivedhere.自從他住在這兒以來，我就沒有收到過他的來信。en.heIsa我小的時(shí)候就認(rèn)識(shí)史密斯先生了。6.時(shí)間狀語從句的省略式當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語從句的主語和主句主語相同或?yàn)閕t從句又含be動(dòng)詞時(shí)從句可省略主和be動(dòng)詞。在不產(chǎn)生歧義時(shí)，連詞也可省去。如：Once(itis)seen,itcanneverbeforgotten.一旦被看見過，永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)被忘記。二、地點(diǎn)狀語從句1.地點(diǎn)狀語從句主要由,r,e引導(dǎo)。etpeent我們必須在能找到水的地方露營。Iwillfollowyouwhereveryougo.無論你到何處我都要跟隨你。2.地點(diǎn)狀語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別：e引導(dǎo)定語從句，從句前應(yīng)有一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作先行詞。Gobackwhereyoucamefrom（where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句）Gobacktothevillagewhereyoucamefrom.（e引導(dǎo)定語從句，e為先行詞）三、原因狀語從句原因狀語從句由because,as,since,now

既然,in

因?yàn)槎嘤诳谡Z中)（鑒于，由于,consideringtha（考慮到）等引導(dǎo)。1.because用來回答why語氣最強(qiáng)，可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句。Hedidn'tattendthemeetingbecausehewasill.他沒參加會(huì)議，因?yàn)樗×?。Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn'tgowithus.因?yàn)樗胁。麤]有和我們一起去。注意e和ef的區(qū)別：because是連詞，引導(dǎo)從句，ef是短語介詞，后接名詞性詞語，如：注意Thefootballmatchwasputoffbecauseitrained.Thefootballmatchwasputoffbecauseofthe因?yàn)橄掠?，足球賽延期了?.since,as,nowthat引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句，不能用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句。①since的語氣比because稍弱，表示關(guān)系上的自然結(jié)果，特別用于原因已經(jīng)清楚了的情，一般譯成“既然，鑒于（往往放在主句之前）如：Sinceyouhaveknownthesecret,Ineedn'tsayanythingaboutit. 既然你已經(jīng)知道這個(gè)秘密，我就不必說了。②s語氣最弱，說明一般的因果關(guān)系，表顯而易見的原因或倒果為因的說法（可放在主句之前，亦可放在主句之后，如：setwmuchEnglish,ettsdictionaryandlookedupeword“cough”.他對(duì)英語懂得不多，他拿出字典查找”這個(gè)詞。Asthegroundiswet,itmusthaverainedlastnight.（倒果為因）昨晚一定下了雨，地面是濕的。③wt用來說明一種新情況，然后加以推論。wt放句首時(shí)that可省略：Now(that)everybodyishere,let'sbegin.3.for示補(bǔ)充說明理由。而推斷的理由會(huì)因人而異。語氣很弱，它引出的分句必須放在另一分句后。ete,rest4.原因狀語從句有時(shí)可以用分詞形式表現(xiàn)Ashewasblind,hecouldn'tseeanything.Beingblind,hecouldn'tseeanything.四、條件狀語從句1由if,unles（if...no,so/aslongas,

假設(shè),incas（萬一…,以防…,sr（...而言,onconditiontha是...,g（假若）引導(dǎo)。lettfueIwon'tgounlessI'minvited.enahunetuyeemogsuntp2.“祈使句r+陳述句”的句型中，祈使句在意義上實(shí)際上相當(dāng)于條件狀語從句。er,dldaHurryuporelse(otherwise)le3.ifonly也可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句只不過較少使用而已。onlyif也引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意思是“只有...If(only)itclearsup,Iwillgo.4.條件狀語從句中一般要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表將來。Iwillgoifyougo.5.條件狀語從句中的省略問題1從句主語為it,又有系動(dòng)詞be時(shí)，可以省略從句中主語和be動(dòng)詞。Cometomorrowif(itis)possible.Ifso,youmustgetbackandget還有諸如if“如果有必要，f“如果有，fn“若需要。2果if有,可以把從句中的主語和be省略掉。If(wateris)heated,watersendsoutsteam.6.條件句中的虛擬與倒裝①if用虛擬語氣（詳見虛擬語氣部分）②省略if的虛擬條件從句：若條件從句的謂語動(dòng)詞有,d或should,可以把if省去，而把，had或should移到主語前構(gòu)成倒裝。dIde,Idenettr,Idteeeoodeee,Idema五、目的狀語從句由sotha（以便，nr（為了，rr（=incase，les（以防）引導(dǎo)，謂語常含,,,,,d等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Theysetoutearlysothattheymightarriveatthestationingoodtime.I'llspeakslowlysothat/inorderthatyoucanunderstand.Hewrotethenamedownforfeartha（lest）ed★當(dāng)從句與主句主語一致時(shí)，可用o,oso,nroo結(jié)構(gòu)換用。HeworkeddayandnightinorderthathecouldHeworkeddayandnightinordertosucceed.六、結(jié)果狀語從句1.常用的連詞有sotha，so...that,such...that,tha（帶古英語痕跡（結(jié)果狀語從句中一般無情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）Hehadoversleptsothathewaslateforwork.MypenfellundermydeskthatIcouldn'tsee2.so/such...that所用句式①o+j（adv)+that從句TheboxissoheavythatIcan'tcarryit.②so+adj+a/an單名+that從句＝sucha/an+adj.+單名t從句esolaltlesfrseeshalltlesfrse③ow復(fù)名+t從句somuch/little+不可數(shù)名詞+t從句Therearesomanyapplesonthedeskthatweeachhaveone.Thereissolittlewaterthatyoucan'tdrink.④hn+j+單名+t從句Sheissuchagoodgirlthatshecanhelpyou.⑤h+j+復(fù)/不可數(shù)名+t從句Itwassuchbadweatherthatweallstayedhome.注意eshgstesgllittle用h不用so修飾。注意Heissuchalittleboythathispatentsoftenteachhimsomething.七、方式狀語從句由as,asif(asthough引導(dǎo)。Doasyoulike.Hespokeasifhehadbeentherebefore.注意s,sh從句與事實(shí)相反時(shí)用虛擬語氣，與事實(shí)相符，不用虛擬語氣。注意八、比較狀語從句①常用連詞than,as...as...,notas/so...asHeranasfarashecould.I'mnotas/sotallasShestudiesharderthanI（stud．②ee.e.引導(dǎo),且經(jīng)常以省略形式出現(xiàn)eru,erul九、讓步狀語從句由though,although,as,evenif/though,nomatterwh-,wh-ever詞，（不管...都，,e等引導(dǎo)。1.though,although這兩個(gè)連詞用法基本一樣只是前者口語化后者較正式常位于句首，都不與t連用，但可以和，ls連用。h還可作副詞單獨(dú)放在句尾，表示“然而”的意思。heVtsy,IltoyThough/Althoughhewaswornout,hekepton2.as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語時(shí)，從句部分用倒裝語序，句型為:①形容詞/副/名詞+s主謂②動(dòng)詞+s主情態(tài)動(dòng)詞Childasheis,heknowsaProudasthesenoblesare,theyareafraidtoseeGreatascientistasheis,heremainsmodest.ysI,Itte注意用（不太常用，但不可用although.注意Bravelythoughtheplayersfought,theyhadnochanceofwinning..nf（盡管；即使）,eventhough（盡管）這兩個(gè)復(fù)合連詞意義基本相同，常用以強(qiáng)調(diào)讓步概念，有退一步想的意思（有時(shí)用虛擬。表“即使”時(shí)有假設(shè)含義，一般用nf。lepn)ersEvenifIwereinyourplace,Iwouldn'ttakethejob.（虛擬）4.“..”可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.5.“or+”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)“疑問句”相當(dāng)于“nomatter疑問詞，此時(shí)nomatterwho=whoevernomatterwhat=whatevernomatterwhich=nomatterwhere=wherevernomatterhow=howeverNomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.It'saniceroomnomatterwhom(whoever)itbelongsto.6.“or+”結(jié)構(gòu)只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，而“wh-eve”形式除引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句外，還可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)：whoever=anyonewho任何…的人…r=gt任…的事（物）whenever=anyplacewhere任何…的地方Iwillgivethebooktowhoeverneedsit.Ilikewhateveryoulike.7.when引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)置于主句后①雖然···卻···，盡管···但···Hewalkswhenhemighttakeataxi.②本（應(yīng)...，可...）卻...。n從句用虛擬式為：could/should...havedoneShestoppedtryingwhenshemightsucceednext8.while引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)置于主句前，與though同，但h從句可到裝，while從句不可倒裝。9.讓步狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。Nomatterwhatheis,hewillbepunished.十、狀語從句的省略現(xiàn)象當(dāng)狀語從句的主語與主句的主語相同或?yàn)閕t,同時(shí)從句謂語含be動(dòng)詞就可省去從的主語和be動(dòng)詞。①時(shí)間狀語從句中：tkl(youare)spokento.While(Iwas)inBeijing,IlivedwithmyIwanttogoswimmingwhen(itis)possible.②條件狀語從句中：Cometomorrowif(itis)possible.If(itis)so,youwouldbest),eVtsfo③方式狀語從句中：Shestoodatthegateasif(shewas)waitingforsomeone.④其他狀語從句中：Though(itwas)cold,hestillworeashirt.lneshrset)練習(xí)一、用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空：..e白求恩)eoa es2.Hebegantowork hegotthere.3.Let'sbeginourmeeting everyoneishere.4.IliketheEnglishpeople, Idon'tliketheirfood.5. yougoinChina,youcanseesmilingfaces..eteoe, esy7. wehadenoughtime,wewalkedtothecinema..ylpu uth. eeoe,eetea10.Ididn'tjointhemyesterdayevening Ihadtogotoanimportantmeeting..edyotar edllre.ettrsy emeor.eggenoessyru e14.egbecamesodisorderly therdtoshoutthedown.15.Hewasangrier everbefore.16. youlockallthedoors,hecanstillmanagetogetin.17.Theboywassotired hefellasleeponthebus..d et,eteer二、選擇填空1. etriedit,youtewttis.A．Unless B．Because ．h ．.etn ay etsA．such,that ．,t ．e,s D．such,as3.Hehaslovedme Ies．e ．s C．if D．a(chǎn)sthough4.Itthinklneedanymoneytlbringe .A．a(chǎn)slast B．incase C．onceagain D．intime5.Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungup Icouldanswer.A．a(chǎn)s ．e ．e D．until.etdoitwell, therearealotofdifficulties.A．a(chǎn)sif B．a(chǎn)sthough ．nh ．n7. hsntnescsshgor haswonmedalsornot.．;f ．;r ．;r ．;.-sage Iwu,dtaytswttleage eehrA．before;since B．since;when C．since;before ．;9.Theheadofthecompanypromisedtodealwithmattersofthissort hereturnedtoA．until ．e C．bythetime D．themoment10.Hehadalreadywalkedthreeorfourmiles hesawacartbythesideoftheroad.A．while B．when C．themoment D．unless.h egedyoeentr,ytkrsr．h B．s ．nf D．while12.Ihavekeptthephoto Icanalwaysseeit,asitremindsmeofthedayswhenIstudiedinBritain.A．a(chǎn)twhich ．n ．e D．a(chǎn)ttheplace13.Iwouldappreciateit youcanhelpmewithmyEnglishthisafternoon.A．because B．until C．when D．if14. uye,Itr．s ．e ．f ． s8 IdmeA．It;when ．;t