大學(xué)英語視聽進(jìn)階-2教師手冊

大學(xué)英語視聽進(jìn)階2教師手冊

上海外語救育出版社

Unit1onthemenu

WarmingUp

AnswerKey

Answerswillvary,butshouldbesupportedbyreasonstoshowthatstudentshaveproperlyconsideredthe

questions.

Listening

1ATheHomeoftheOlive

AnswerKey

BeforeYouListen

A.1.separate2.enhance3.cultivate4.harvest5.produce

B.b.thehistoryandbenefitsofoliveoil

ListeningComprehension

A.1.d2.c3.b4.d5.a

B.InsidetheMediterraneanRegion:aandd;OutsidetheMediterraneanRegion:b;Both:cande

AfterYouListen

A.1.intheprocessof2.accountedfor3.associatedwith4.gettingcancer

5.evidence6.limitstransfatsto7.approximately

B.1.d2.a3.e4.c5.b

C.1.Refertothelisteningscript.

2.Answerswillvary,butstudentsmustgiveexamplestosupporttheiranswers.

Script

AnOilforLife

MariaAlcaRofMadridspeaksformanyMediterraneanpeoplewhenshesaysthat"amealwithoutoliveoil

wouldbeabore."NooneknowswhentheMediterraneancivilizationsinitiallyfellinlovewitholives.That

occurredbeforerecordedhistory.Hcweventhereisevidencethatthecultivationofolivetreesbeganin

countriesaroundtheMediterraneanSeainapproximately4,000B.C.,anc2,000yearsafterthatpeopleinthe

easternMediterraneanregionbegantoproduceoilfromolives.TheMediterraneanstillaccountsfor99

percentofallworldoliveoilproduction.

Fromancienttimesuntiltoday,thebasicprocessofproducingtheoilisthesame.First,wholeolivesare

crushed.Then,theliquidisseparatedfromthesolids.Afterthat,thevaluableoilisseparatedfromthewater.

Manyolivegrowersmaintaintheirandenttraditionsandstillharvesttheolivesbyhand."We...harvestinthe

traditionalway,"saysDonCelso,anolivefarmerfromTuscany,Italy."Itwouldbelessexpensivetodoitwith

machines,butit'smoreasocialthing.Twentypeoplecometohelpwiththeharvest,andwepaythemin

oil,"TheBenefitsofOliveOil

Oliveoilhashadavarietyofusesthroughitslonghistory.Inancienttimes,oliveoilwasusedasmoneyandas

medicine.Itwasevenusedduringwar--heatedupanddroppeddownonattackers.Itisstillusedinreligious

ceremonies.Itisgreatforprotectingthefreshnessoffishandcheese.Thereareevenoliveoillampsandolive

oilsoaps.

OneimportantstudyshowedthatMediterraneanpeoplehavethelowestrateofheartdiseaseamong

Westernnations.Thisispartlyassociatedwiththeirfrequentuseofoliveoil.Otherstudieshaveshownthat

foodcookedinoliveoilishealthier,andthateatingoliveoiltwiceadayreduceswomen'sriskofgettingbreast

career.Theworldisbeginningtounderstanditsbenefits,andoliveoilisnolongeranunusualsightatdinner

tablesoutsidetheMediterraneanregion.Theoliveoilproducingcountriesnowselllargeamountsofoliveoil

tocountriesinEurope,Asia,Africa,andNorthandSouthAmerica.

Oliveoilenhancesthelivesofpeopleeverywhere.Itsbenefits,recentlyconfirmedbyscience,werealready

understoodinancienttimes.Mediterraneanpeoplearehappytosharetheirsecretwiththeworld.

A.MultipleChoice.

Question1.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?

Question2.WhendidthecultivationofolivetreesbeginaroundtheMediterraneanSea?

Question3.Whichstepoccursfirstinoliveoilproduction?

Question4.WhichuseofoliveoilisNOTmentionedinthearticle?

Question5.Whyhastheauthorincludedinformationaboutseveralstudiesofoliveoil?

AfterYouListen

Script

Transfatsarespeciallytreatedcookingoilsoftenusedintheprocessofpreparingvariousfoodssoldin

restaurantsandstores.Untilrecently,transfatsaccountedfornearlyellthecookingoilusedinfastfood

restaurants.Recently,asaresultofhealthstudies,transfatshavebeenassociatedwithhigherratesofheart

diseaseandwithhigherchancesofgettingcancerandotherhealthproblems.Basedonthisnewevidence,

oneAmericancityrecentlypassedalawthatlimitstransfatsto,atmost,approximatelyonehalfgraminany

foodproduct.

IBATasteoftheCaribbean

AnswerKey

BeforeYouListen

A.Fromtoptobottom:4,5,1,3,2

B.1.itisasauceorbaseforotherdishes;2.onion,garlic,greenbellpeppers,sweetchillpeppers,cilantro,

oliveoil,andoregano

ListeningComprehension

A.1.a2.b3.b4.c5.b

B.l.T2.F3.F4.F5.T6.T7.F

AfterYouListen

A.1.mildnessofthisaspectof2.relieffromthedeliciousbutspicymaindishes

3.coconut,banana,ormango4.Colorfullittlesweets

5.layersof6.holdingacolorfultreasureinaplasticcup

7.traditionalimportedflavors

B.1.invaded2.contrasting3.assumption4.immigrations.Remarkably

C.2.a)andb)Answerswillvary,butstudentsmustgiveexamplestosupporttheiranswers.

Script

SofritoSensation

PuertoRico,aCaribbeanislandrichinhistoryandremarkablenaturalbeauty,hasacuisineallitsown.

Immigrationtotheislandhashelpedtoshapeitscuisine,withpeoplefromallovertheworldmakingvarious

contributionstoit.However,beforethearrivaloftheseimmigrants,theislandofPuertoRicowasalready

knownasBorikandwasinhabitedbytheTa輔opeople.Taocuisineincludedsuchfoodsasrodents

withsweetchilipeppers,freshshellfish,yams,andfishfriedincornoil.

ManyaspectsofTa麻ocuisinecontiruetodayinPuertoRicancooking,butithasbeenheavilyinfluencedby

theSpanish,whoinvadedPuertoRicoin1508,andAfricans,whowereinitiallybroughttoPuertoRicotowork

asslaves.Ta斡ocookingstylesweremixedwithideasbroughtbytheSpanishandAfricanstocreatenew

dishes.TheSpanishextendedfoodchoicesbybringingcattle,pigs,goats,andsheeptotheisland.Africans

alsoaddedtotheisland'sfoodculturebyintroducingpowerful,contrastingtastesindisheslikepi綱

n?plantainslayeredingroundbeef.Infact,muchofthefoodPuertoRicoisnowfamousfor-plantains,

coffee,sugarcane,coconuts,andoranges-wasactuallyimportedbyforeignerstotheisland.

AcommonassumptionmanypeoplemakeaboutPuertoRicanfoodisthatitisveryspicy.It'struethatchili

peppersarepopular;aj?caballeroinparticularisaveryhotchilipepperthatPuertoRicansenjoy.However,

mildertastesarepopulartoo,suchassofrito.ThebaseofmanyPuertoRicandishes,sofritoisasaucemade

fromchoppedonions,garlic,greenbellpeppers,sweetchilipeppers,oregano,cilantro,andahandfulofother

spices.Itisfriedinoilandthenaddedtootherdishes.

HowtoMakeaBasicSofrito

Ingredients1yellowonion;2clovesgarlic;1greenbellpepper;3to4sweetchilipeppers;3cilantro

(coriander)leaves;1tablespoonoliveoil;1/4teaspoondriedwholeoregano

Directions

Removeskinsfromonionandgarlic.Cleanandpreparegreenbellandsweetchilipeppers.Washinwater.

Thenfinelychoptheseingredients,includingthecilantroleaves.Placeaheavy-bottomedpotoverlowheat;

addoilandoregano.Addthechoppedingredients.Continuecookingforaboutthreetofourminutes,stirring

occasionally.

A.MultipleChoice.

Question1.WholivedinPuertoRicofirst?

Question2.Whichofthefollowingisamajorpointofthelisteningpassage?

Question3.Howmucholiveoilisusedintherecipeforsofrito?

Question4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

Question5.Howissofritoused，

Script

Welcometoaworldofsmall,beautifulworksofartthatyouJustcan'tstopyourselffromeating：theworldof

Thaisweets.ThemildnessofthisaspectofThaicuisineprovidessomerelieffromthedeliciousbutspicymain

dishes.ThebaseofThaisweets-perhapsrice,coconut,banana,ormango-givesthemalovelytastethat

says"Thailand."Colorfullittlesweetsshapedlikebananas,apples,mangoes,andorangesareevenmore

beautifulanddeliciousthantherealthing.Lovelyricecakescalledkanomchanhavelayersofgreen,white,

andpink,orareshapedlikeflowers.IfyoutravelthroughThailandonahotday,youmayoccasionallyseea

chidholdingacolorfultreasureinaplasticcup.It'sdeliciousThaiflavoredice東amkangsai.Ifyoupreferice

cream,coconutisthemostpopularamongThais,althoughtraditionalimportedflavorssuchasvanillaor

strawberryarealsowell-liked.

Viewing

GreekOlives

AnswerKey

BeforeYouView

A.1.F2.T3.F

B.RefertotheVideoSummary.

ViewingComprehension

A.1.F2.F3.T4.F5.T6.T7.T

B.1.aroundolivetreesmostofmylife;severalyearsback

2.likethem;hatethem

3.orderedapizza;hadolivesonit;couldn'ttakeit

4.tastesold

C.1.Theyaresaidtoofferanolivebranchtoendawar.

2.Youcaneattheolives,makeoilfromolivesandmakeakindofteafromtheleaves.

3.Oliveoilcanbeusedforcooking,forlight,andoccasionallyasmedicine.

AfterYouView

A.1.identify2.processed3.civilization4.evidence

5.remarkable6.aggressive7.assumed

B.1.Refertothevideoscript.Answerswillvary.

2.Theanswerswillvary,butmustbebasedonthefactorfacts.

Script

OliveOil

Narrator:

ThroughoutmuchoftheMediterranean,olivesareanimportantaspectofeverydaylife.Walkthroughany

Greekmarketandyou'llfindevidenceofhowimportanttheyreallyare.Here,ontheislandofNaxos,you'll

seethemindifferentsizesandindifferentcolors:green,black,brown...

Tourist:

"Imustadmit,Iwasaroundolivetreesmostofmylife,anditwasn'tuntilseveralyearsbackthatIfoundout

thegreenoliveandtheblackolivecamefromthesametree,"Narrator:

Likethistourist,alotofpeopleassumethatblackandgreenolivescomefromdifferenttrees.Infact,most

peopleprobablywouldn'trecognizeanolivetree.

Thistimeofyear,onthehillsofNaxos,theolivetreeshaveflowersonthem.Withoutthefruit,though,the

treeisn'teasytoidentify.

ChristinaLefteris,NaxosSchoolofEcology:

"Inthisarea,betweenMonitsiaandtheothervillageofMoni,whichisipinthehills,therearesomeofthe

veryoldolivetrees."Narrator:

Tomakegreenolives,youneedtocollectthemwhentheyarestillyoung.

ChristinaLefteris:

"Therearesmallonesandsomegiantonesandpeopledecidewhichonestheyprefer.Well,Ilikeallofthem.I

thinkIwouldneversaynotoanyolive"Narrator:

No:everyonehasthesamelikingforthem.

Tourist:

"Idon'tlikethem.Ihatethem."Tourist:

"Yesterday,IorderedthispizzawhichhadolivesonitandIcouldn'ttakeit."Tourist:

"Ittastesold,ittastesugly."Narrator:

It'struethatolivesareold.Sometreeshavebeenaliveforthousandsofyears.Infact,oliveshavebeenan

importantpartoflifeheresincetheearlydaysofGreekcivilization.InGreektradition,Eirene,thegoddessof

peace,isshowncarryinganolivebranch.Eventoday,olivesareassociatedwithpeace.Ifpeoplewanttoenda

wa;theyaresaidto"offeranolivebranch."KatherinaBolesch,L'OlivieHaki:

"Fromtheolivetree,youcanactuallymake...youcanuseeverything.Thereisnothingyouthrow

away."Narrator:

KatherinaBoleschownsaremarkableshopinNaxoswhereeverythingismadefromolives.

KatherinaBolesch:

"Youeattheolives,youmakeoilfromt.Youcanmakeakindofteafromtheleaves."Narrator:

OliveoilaccountsformuchofGreece'soliveproduction.Toproducethebestliquid,olivesarecollectedand

precessedoncetheyhavebecomeblack.Thesoonertheyarepressed,thebettertheoil.Usedforcooking,for

light,andoccasionallyasmedicine,theoilisbelievedtogivegoodhealthandlonglifetothosewhouseit.

ChristinaLefteris:

"They'reveryvaluableforvitamins,andtheiroilsareveryhealthy."Narrator:

Andtheolivetreesthemselvesalsohelptogivethelandafeelingofpeace.

ChristinaLefteris:

"Youcanhavealookaroundandunderstandthatallthesetreesarenotaggressive.Theircolorisalittlesoft,

alltheirshapeisquitemild.Somethingthatlastslong,givefruits,Ithinkit'sagoodfeelingofwhatpeace

means.

Writing

AnswerKey

A.Refertosummariesofeachlessoninthisunit.

B.Apartfromolives,onionalsohashealthbenefits.Therearemanydifferentvarietiesofonion:yellow,red,

whiteandgreen,eachwiththeirownuniqueflavor.Onionscanalsobecookedinvariouswaysindifferent

cuisinesaroundtheworld.Onionsaregenerallythoughtusefulintreatingcolds,coughsandasthma.In

Chinesemedicine,doctorsalsouseonionstotreatbacterialinfections.Orionsareagoodresourceofvitamins.

Accordingtosomestudies,theycanprotectourheart,lowerthesugarlevelinbloodandevenprotectusfrom

career.

Unit2AnimalsandLanguage

WarmingUp

AnswerKey

1.Scientistswhohavestudiedanimalintelligencesaythatprimatessuchaschimpanzeesandgorillastop

thelist,followedbydolphins,elephants,andpigs.

2.Animalscommunicatewithsouncs,bodypositions,andmovements.

3.Answerswillvary,butshouldbesupportedbyreasonstoshowthatstudentshaveproperlyconsidered

thequestions.

Listening

2AOceanGiants

AnswerKey

BeforeYouListen

A.a.2b.1c.3

B.Answerswillvary.Humpbackwhalesareintelligent,lighthearted,andactiveatthesurfaceofthewater,

andswimclosetoland.

ListeningComprehension

A.1.b2.d3.d4.b5.b

B.1.b2.c3.e4.d5.a

AfterYouListen

A.1.varietyofsingingwhale

2.marinebiologist

3.probablythemostcomplexintheanimalkingdom

4.asfastas48kilometersperhour

5.huntedthemuntiltheynearlydisappearedlastcentury

6.whichdon'thurtthewhales

7.valuableinformationaboutthewaysbluewhalesswim,eat,andsing

B.1.constantly2.alarmed3.harmed4.awareness5.unknov/n

Script

SongoftheHumpback

HermanMelville,thewriterofthefamouswhalestoryMobyDick,wrotethathumpbackwhaleswere"the

mostlightheartedofallthewhales".Afavoriteofwhalewatcherseverywhere,theyswiminoceanareasclose

tolandandareactiveatthesurface,oftenjumpingoutofthewaterandcomingdownwithagreatsplash.

Theyareintelligentanimalsandcanbeseenworkingtogetherastheyhuntschoolsofsmallfish.And,ifyou

listenclosely,youmightevenhearonesinging.

RecordingGentleGiants

MarinebiologistJimDarlinghasstudiedthesongsofhumpbackwhalesfor25years.Whilerecordingwhale

sorgsonaboatnearHawaii,heinvitedauthorDouglasChadwicktoexperiencedivingwithahumpback.In

thewater;thewayChadwickheardthewhale'ssongschangedcompletely."Suddenly,Inolongerheardthe

whale'svoiceinmyears.Ifeltitinsidemyheadandbones."Heclearlysensedthewhale'ssilentawarenessof

him.The13-meter-longgiantlookedhimovercuriously,butneverharmedhim.

Thewhalethenswamundertheboat.Itpointeditsheaddowntotheoceanfloorand,withflippersextended

outtoitssides,begantosing.Upintheboat.Darlingrecordedthewhale'ssong.Suchsongsmaybelongand

complex,lastingfor30minutesormore;theyareperhapsthelongestsongssungbyanyanimal.

WhyDoTheySing?

Darlingsaysthatonlymalehumpbac<ssing,butforunknownreasons.Itwaspreviouslythoughtthatthey

sangtoattractfemales,butscientistsshowedthiswasincorrectwhentheyplayedrecordingsofwhalesongs

intheoceanandnofemalescamearound.Anotherideaisthatmalehumpbackscompetewitheachother

usingsongs,justasothermaleanimalsdousingantlers,ortusks.

Inadditiontotheirlongandmysterioussongs,humpbacksmakeavarietyofothersoundsastheyinteract

eachday.Whenalarmedbyenemiessuchaskillerwhales,orwhenthefeedingisespeciallygood,thesounds

theyproducecanbelouderthananairplaneengine.

ABrighterFuture

Duringthedaysofheavywhalehunting,theworldhumpbackpopulationwasreducedfromanestimated

125,000toaround6,000animals.Thankstolawsagainsthunting,humpbacksnownumberperhaps30,000

animals,althoughtheconstantlymovinghumpbacksareverydifficulttocount.However,itnowseemsthat

thismysterioussingerwillcontinuetosingforyearstocome.

A.MultipleChoice.

Question1.Whatisthislisteningpassagemainlyabout?

Question2.Whydohumpbackssing?

Question3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasasituationinwhichhumpbacksmakesounds?

Question4.Whichofthesestatementshasbeenshownbyscientiststobeincorrect?

Question5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

Script

Anothervarietyofsingingwhaleisthebluewhale.Likehumpbacks,bluewhalessingsongsthatmarine

biologistPhillipClaphamdescribesas'probablythemostcomplexintheanimalkingdom."Althoughtheyare

thelargestwhalesintheocean,bluev/halescanmoveasfastas48kilometersperhourwheninteractingwith

otherwhales.However,thisspeedcouldn'thelpthemescapefromtheirhumanenemies,whohuntedthem

untiltheynearlydisappearedlastcentury.

Happily,lawsnowprotectbluewhales,andtheirnumbersareincreasingagain.Curioustoknowmoreabout

them.NationalGeographicscientistshaveconnectedcamerastobluewhalesintheocean.Thecameras,

whichdon'thurtthewhales,havegivenscientistsvaluableinformationaboutthewaysbluewhalesswim,eat,

andsing.Thisinformationhelpsscientistsbetterunderstandandprotectbluewhales.

2BOurBondwithDogs

AnswerKey

BeforeYouListen

A.Answerswillvary,butaskstudentstoprovidereasonsfortheirchoicetoshowthestudentshave

prcperlyconsideredthequestions.

B.1.Jacques,abeagle2.Tiffy,aMaltese3.Jessie,awhippet

ListeningComprehension

A.l.c2.b3.b4.c5.a

B.1.Tiffy:dande2.Jacques:c3.Jessie:b4.BothJessieandJacques：a

AfterYouListen

A.Refertothelisteningscript1.thesmellofourgarbage2.auseforthosepowerfulnoses3.beneficialto

all4.smellbombsonplanes5.anexcellentsenseofsmell6.theyaredomesticanimals7.profitfromthe

specialskillsoftheother

B.1.acquire2.obedient3.talent4.plenty5.selection

Script

DogsinaHumanWorld

Thepartnershipbetweenhumansanddogsbeganperhaps14,000yearsago.Ourfirstinteractionsmayhave

occurredwhenwilddogswereattractedtohumangarbage,orhumansmayhaveacquiredthepuppiesofwild

dogsandtrainedthemtobeobedientpets.Bymeansofthecarefulselectionofdogparents,humanshave

beenabletocreateawonderfulvarietyofdogswithplentyoftalentsandmanydifferentlooks.Herearethree

examplesof"adog'slife"inthehumanworld.

Theworkingdog

JacquesisoneofmanybeaglesthatworkatairportsfortheU.S.governmentinaprogramknownasthe

BeagleBrigade.Beagleswerechosenforthisworkbecauseoftheirpowerfulnoses.Theirjobistosmelland

ale-tofficerstoillegalfruits,vegetables,andotherfoodsinluggageorinmail.Theydothejobfarbetterthan

humanscouldalone.

Someofthebeagleswhoworkintheprogramaredonatedbyprivateowners,butmanyareownerless

beaglesrescuedfromanimalshelters.Manybeagleswhowerescheduledtobeeuthanizedarenowworking

tokeeptheircountrysafefromdisease.

Treatedlikeaqueen

Tiffy,abeautifuleight-poundmalteseIstreatedlikeaqueenInNewYorkcity.Herowner,NancyJaneLoewy,

carefullyprepareshermealsoflamb,steak,salmon,tuna,chicken,andavarietyoffreshvegetables.Tiffyalso

getslow-fatyogurtandcookiesafterdinner.Why?Loewyreplies,"Ihaveadogbecausethedogneedsme."

Leowy,whosehusbandhasahigh-payingjobandwhosetwosonsareawayatschool,hasthetimeandmoney

totreatTiffyextremelywell,andshetrulyenjoysdoingso."Iwanttogiveherthehealthiest,mostwonderful

lifepossibleforaslongaspossible."Theanimalcarer

Jessieisawhippetthatvisitschildrenwhoarefightingdeadlydiseases.Shebrightenspatients'dayswithlove

andgiveschildrenachancetoexercise.AttheNationalInstitutesofHealth,Jessiehelpspatientslikeyoung

LukasParkstostaystrongduringtheirlonghospitalization.

Whetherasworkersorobjectsofaffection,dogshavecertainlyproventhemselvestobebeneficialtohumans

inmanyways.Atthesametime,theirspecialplaceas"man'sbestfriend"hasalloweddogstosurviveina

humanworld.Whilewolvesandwildcogshavenearlydisappearedfromtheearth,domesticdogscontinueto

growinnumber,thankstotheirspecialrelationshipwithhumans.

A.MultipleChoice.

Question1.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?

Question2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

Question3.WhichoneisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

Question4.WhichoneofthefallowingisNOTareasonLoewytreatsTiffyextremelywell?

Question5.Whichdogeatshumanfood?

Script

Dogswereprobablyfirstattractedtohumansbythesmellofourgarbage.Nowadays,thegovernmentofthe

UnitedStateshasauseforthosepowerfulnosesthatisbeneficialtoallwhoflyinairplanes.Aprogramin

Texastrainsdogstosmellbombsonplanesandinpassengers'luggage.Althoughotherwildanimalsalsohave

anexcellentsenseofsmell,dogsaremucheasiertotrainbecausetheyaredomesticanimalsthatpay

attentiontohumans.Thepartnershipbetweendogsandhumansallowseachtoprofitfromthespecialskils

oftheotherastheyworktogethertosavelives.

B.Completion.HavestudentsdoActivityB.Then,havestudentscheckanswerswithapartner.

C.Talking.

1.HavestudentsdoActivity1andselectsometoreadaloudtheirsentences.

2.HavestudentsdoActivity2andtellthemthattheiranswerscanvary,buttheymustgiveexamplesto

supporttheiranswers.Selectsomestudentstoreporttheirdiscussion.

Viewing

Man'sBestFriend

AnswerKey

BeforeYouView

A.a.2b.1c.4d.3

B.RefertoVideoSummary.

ViewingComprehension

A.1.F2.T3.T4.F5.T

B.Refertothevideoscript.Answerswillvary.1.herdlivestocksuchassheep;2.someofthecoldestand

mostdangerousplacesonearth;drugsandotherillegalitemsinpeople'sluggage;4.workingwithpeoplein

thedistantpast-roughly14,000yearsago.

C.1.Theyneededtoprotecteachotherfromharm

2.Itwasahuntingpartnership

3.Itwasaneedforcompanionship

4.Acombinationoftheabovethree

AfterYouView

A.1.remarkable2.obedient3.collapsed

4.interact5.companion6.domestic

B.1.Refertothevideoscript.Answerswillvary.

2.Theanswerwillvary,butmustoebasedonthefactorfacts.

Script

Man'sBestFriend

Narrator:

Dogsareoftenknownasman'sbestfriend.Manysocietieshavethemaspetsorrelyonthemtoperforma

varietyoftasks.Thestoryofmananddogisacomplexstorythatgoesbackthousandsofyearsandwillalmost

certainlygoonforthousandsmore.Dogsinteractwithhumansinavarietyofways.Dogssuchasborder

colliesaretrainedtoherdlivestocksuchassheep.Huskiespullusthroughsomeofthecoldestandmost

dangerousplacesonEarth.Dogshaveasenseofsmell1,000timesmorepowerfulthanourown.Thismeans

theycansearchforpeoplewhoarelostunderdeepsnow,orunderthedebrisofacollapsedbuildingordeep

intheforest.Beaglesperformtheirdutiesatairports,wheretheirsensecfsmellhelpsthemtofinddrugsand

otherillegalitemsinpeople'sluggage.Theyleadtheblindandhelptoeasethelivesofdisabledpeople.For

many,thedogisalsoanobedientcomoanion-andfriend.

Whendidthisremarkablepartnershipstart?Weknownowthatthewolfbeganworkingwithpeopleinthe

distantpast-roughly14,000yearsago.Overtheyears,thewolfbecamethetalenteddomesticpetweknow

asthedog.Thereareplentyoftheories,buttherealreasonwhyhumansacquireddogsisstillunknown.Wss

itbecausetheyneededtoprotecteachotherfromharm?Wasitahuntingpartnership?Wasitaneedfor

companionship-atypeoffriendship?Orwasitacombinationofthethree?For14,000yearsthedoghas

playedanimportantroleinhumansocieties.It'sapartnershipthat'sIkelytocontinueformanyyearsto

come.

Writing

AnswerKey

A.Refertosummariesofeachlessoninthisunit.

B.Besidesdogs,humanbeingshaveaclosebondwithelephantsespeciallyinthosetropicalcountries.Not

likedogs,elephantsarenotkeptaspets.Theyhelptotransportlogsfromthejungles.Becauseoftheirhuge

build,humanbeingscanrideonthemandgothroughthejunglesandacrossthestreamseasily.Elephantscan

alsobetrainedtoperforminfrontoftouristswhichwillbringthesecountriesalargefortune.Unfortunately,

insomedevelopingcountries,manyelephantsgothurtbytheminesplacedduringthewarandbecame

disabled.Sothegovernmentandsomeinternationalsocietiesareworkingtogethertohelpthem.

Unit3HistoryDetectives

WarmingUp

AnswerKey

1.Answerswillvary,butshouldbesupportedbyreasonstoshowthatstudentshaveproperlyconsideredthe

questions.2.Researcherslearnaboutthepastfromwrittenrecordsandphysicalremainssuchastheruinsof

buildings,equipmentorpersonalpossessionsthathavesurvived,andsometimeshumanbodies.3.Possible

answers:Egyptian,Mesopotamian,Greek,Roman,Aztec,andIncan.Theyarefamousfortheirartand

architecture,includingtheirtombs.

Listening

3ASecretsofthePharaohs

AnswerKey

BeforeYouListen

A.Fromtoptobottom:tomb;coffin：mummy;Archeologist

B.TheoriesIncludemurder,anInjuryfromwarorahuntingaccident,oranInfectionfromakneefracture.

ListeningComprehension

A.1.c2.b3.c4.a5.d

B.Fromlefttoright:5,2,3,1,4

AfterYouListen

A.1.livedveryluxuriouslives

2.complextheoryoflifeafterdeath

3.treatedwithoilandspices,andcoveredinclothtoexcludeanywa:er

4.testsconductedbyresearchers

5.whethertheyhadanyinjuries

B.1.infected2.analysis3.murder4.teenagers5.attachment

C.2.a)Tellstudentstheymayanswerthequestionbasedontheirknowledge.

b)Answerswillvary,butshouldbebasedonthestudents'ownunderstanding.

Script

WasKingTutMurdered?

KingTutankhamunwasjustateenagerwhenhedied.Hewasthelastkingofapowerfulfamilythathadruled

Egyptforcenturies.Whenhediedin1322B.C.,Tut(asTutankhamunisoftenknowntoday)wasplacedina

luxurious,gold-filledtomb.Therehelayforgottenuntilthetomb'sevemualdiscoveryin1