中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解猜詞技巧[課件].ppt

1、Enjoy English, Enjoy life!,中考英語(yǔ)閱讀解題 方法指導(dǎo)猜詞技巧 難度,How do you deal with the unfamiliar words or phrases while reading?,Ignore them and continue reading,Look them up in the dictionary,Guess the meaning,詞義理解題常見的題型有: The underlined word (phrase, term) “” means _. According to the passage, the word “” prop

2、erly means _. The word “” in paragraph refers to _. By “”, the author means _. Which of the following is closest in meaning to “”?,1.He would _ the gold from his grandma. 2. Unlike his brother, Hobart is quite _.,Guess the missing words,Harvey is a thief: he would _ the gold from his grandma and not

3、 feel guilty.,steal,Unlike his brother, who is truly a handsome person, Hobart is quite _.,ordinary-looking,Guessing unknown words/ vocabulary,1. The lion has its “territory” , which is an area that an animal ,usually the male, claims（聲稱）as its own. “territory” means _,an area( that-own) 動(dòng)物地盤,2. He

4、is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he wont give it up halfway. The underlined word means_. A.強(qiáng)壯 B. 意志堅(jiān)定 C. 友好 D. 聰明,定語(yǔ)從句或其后的句子其實(shí)是一種定義或解釋,技巧歸納1: Use _ 利用_,definition or explanation 定義或解釋猜測(cè)詞義,Signal words: means, refers to, be called, be known as ,can be defined as, in other

5、 words,that is , that is to say, 定語(yǔ)從句.etc.,Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots(嫩芽）, or young leaves of trees. The word “pruning” means_ A. Regular cutting（修剪） of the plants B. often watering C. Regular use of chemicals D. Growing the plants high in the mountain 技巧歸

6、納 2 ： Using_ 根據(jù)_,common sense or experience 普通常識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn),技巧歸納3: 利用_ from_,2.The period of adolescence, the period between childhood and adulthood ,may be long or short. “adolescence” means_,The period between childhood and adulthood,同義/同位語(yǔ) similarity/appositive,1. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endan

7、gered wild cat, live in the U.S. today “ocelot” means _,an endangered wild cat,The largest player Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Center offers all kinds of choices, such as deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are the big favorite of the tourists. The words “deluxe sedans,” “

8、minivans” and “station wagons” used in the text refer to _. A. 制造汽車 B.汽車租賃公司 C. 租賃汽車 D. 汽車制造商,技巧歸納4: 利用_,舉例 from examples,Signal words：for example ，for instance，such as ，like，as-as，etc.,技巧歸納5： 利用_ From_,1. The snow was falling.Big flakes drifted(飄） with the wind like feathers（羽毛）.,2. Unlike her greg

9、arious sister, Jane is a shy person who does not like to go to parties or make new friends.,雪花，雪片,愛(ài)交際的,比較或?qū)Ρ?comparison or contrast,Signal words: as, like, the same as，unlike, but，however, on the contrary, while,insteadect.,技巧歸納6: 利用_ From_,(1)Overwork may cause diseases. over（過(guò)分的、過(guò)量的）workoverwork“工

10、作過(guò)度”。 (2)There was a dissatisfied look in the managers eyes. dis “不” + satisfied“滿意的=dissatisfied “不滿意的”。,構(gòu)詞法（前綴、后綴、復(fù)合、派生等） Word formation,1. Is he intelligent or stupid? 2.Most women in Ghana(加納)- the educated and illiterate, the young and old- work to make money to live as housewives and mothers.

11、The underlined word “illiterate” in the passage means _. A. Repeated B. healthy C uneducated D. sick,clever,技巧歸納7: 利用_ From_,同義詞或反義詞的關(guān)系猜詞。 Synonym or Antonym.,I feel that since you are my superior（上司）, it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .” The word “presumptuous” is closest in mea

12、ning to “ ” . Afull of respect B rude and too confident Clacking in experience Dtoo shy and quiet,B,技巧歸納8： 利用_ From _,原因與結(jié)果關(guān)系猜詞 from Cause and Result,Signal words: because，since ,so, suchthat,sothat, ect.,The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engin

13、eer. A. work B. study C. name D. interest 技巧歸納9: Use_ 利用_,worked as an engineer.,context or related information 上下文的語(yǔ)境,猜詞技巧 Tips for guessing the meaning of words 1.利用定義或解釋 2.利用普通常識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn) 3.利用同義/同位語(yǔ) 4.利用舉例 5.利用比較或?qū)Ρ?6.利用構(gòu)詞法（前綴、后綴、復(fù)合、派生等） 7.利用同義詞或反義詞 8.利用原因與結(jié)果關(guān)系猜詞 9.利用上下文的語(yǔ)境,1 . A good teacher works in

14、quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they dont understand something, they say so. The word “audience” in the paragraph means _. A.students B. people who watch a play C. people who act on the stage D. people who l

15、isten to something,常識(shí) teacher-students, 2. When some kind of pain killer(止痛藥） was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective（無(wú)效的）. The underlined part “the colours turned the customers off” means that the

16、colours_ Attracted the customers strongly Had weak effects on the customers Tricked the customers into shopping Caused the customers to lose interest,D,因果關(guān)系 because, 3. Collins decided that she must go, although the hazards of the trip were many, for example, the unbearable(難以忍受) heat , the possibil

17、ity of getting lost , the wild animals and poisonous snakes . “hazard” means _ A. pleasure, B. problem, C. danger, D. attraction,C,舉例for example, 4. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame（責(zé)備） competition. Among the most vocal are

18、youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society The underlined phrase “the most vocal” means_ Those who try their best to win Those who value competition most highly Those who are against competition most strongly Those who depend on others most for success,C,上

19、下文語(yǔ)境 context or related information, 5. Without examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to thema form of favoritism will replace equality. The word “favoritism is used to describe the things that _. A. bright children also need educat

20、ion to get satisfying jobs B. children from well-respected schools tend to have good jobs C. poor children with education are favored in job markets D. children attending ordinary schools achieve great success,破折號(hào)（定義或同位語(yǔ)）,6 . Grown-ups also have a sense of object permanence. That is to say, if we pu

21、t a box in a room and lock the door, the box will still be there when we come back. “Object permanence” means that when out of sight, an object _ Still exists B. keeps its shape C. Still stays solid D. is beyond reach,A,1.定義definition that is to say 也就是說(shuō),7. A childs birthday party doesnt have to be

22、a hassle; instead, it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months.,What does the underlined word hassle“ probably mean? A. a party designed specially B. a plan requiring careful thought C. a situation causing difficulty or trouble D. a request made by

23、guests,比較comparison (instead相反,反而),8. William Shakespeare said. “The web of our life is of a mingled yarn（紗線），good and ill together.” The underlined word “mingled” most probably means . Asimple Bmixed Csad Dhappy,B,definition or explanation 定義或解釋猜測(cè)詞義,9. The house looked quite normal outside, but ins

24、ide it was very exotic with fascinating objects on display. Which of the definitions is closest in meaning to the word “exotic” ? A Messy and untidy. B. Rich and expensive. C. Comfortable and calming D. Unusual and foreign.,對(duì)比contrast normalbut-unusual, 10. Lions are opportunists. They prefer to eat

25、 without having to do too much work. When resting in the shade, they are also watching the sky to see what is flying by, and even in the heat of the day they will suddenly start up and run a mile to find out what is going on. If another animal has made a kill, they will drive it off and take the kil

26、l for themselves. By describing lions as “opportunists”, the author means to say that lions _. A. are cruel animals B. are clever animals C. Like to take advantage of（利用） other animals D. Like to take every chance to eat,構(gòu)詞法及下文解釋 opportunity-ist,Optional exercises （選做題）,11. He had been getting bette

27、r but during the night his condition deteriorated.,Get worse,12.The animal with the longevity is the tortoise which can live several hundreds years.,長(zhǎng)壽,13. They are vertebrates, that is, animals have backbones. 文中“vertebrates”的意思是_,脊椎動(dòng)物,14. She did not hear what you said because she was completely e

28、ngrossed in her reading.,concentrate/focus her attention on,15. But sometimes，no rain falls for a long，long time. Then there is a dry period，or drought.,A long period of shortage of rainfall,16. Do you have any strong opinion on coeducational or single-sex (單性別)schools?,co（共同的）-education-al 男女同校教育的,17. Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that inside the city.,cou