2019版高考英語Unit22EnvironmentalProtection夯練含解析北師大版選修8.docx

Unit 22 Environmental Protection李仕才一、閱讀理解。Following the crowd may not always be in a persons best interest.But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health.Thats true for both teens and adults.The finding inspired Joseph Allen，a psychologist at the University of Virginia，and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health.So they followed 171 teens，starting when the kids were just 13.They interviewed each one every year for five years，and also spoke to these teens closest friends，who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships.The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25,26 and 27.This time, the questions surveyed each persons overall health.When the researchers analyzed the data，they found a strong connection between a teens behavior and adult health.Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults.Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to close friends also influenced later health.Those who held back their feelings were more likely to be sick as adults.The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health.Weight，family income and drug use were all examined.So were mental health issues，such as anxiety and depression.And in these people，such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did.Getting along with the crowd may have benefits，says Allen，but there are also drawbacks.Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work.And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior，such as smoking，drinking or using drugs.Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge，Allen acknowledges.“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldnt lose heart for not finding this easy.”And，he adds，“Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.”1Where can you probably read this passage?AScience fiction.BHealth column.CFashion magazine.DEntertainment newspaper.2We can learn from Allens study that _.Amany other factors have a greater influence on adult health than teen friendshipsBmental health issues have nothing to do with adult healthCthe same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27Dthe teens who couldnt express themselves grew up to be unhealthy3According to what Allen said，we can know that _.Ain order to do better at school，teens should not follow the crowdBthough its challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure，they should not give upCteens will engage in smoking，drinking or using drugs when facing peer pressureDparents should understand their teens and stop them going with friends4What can be inferred from the passage?AThere is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd.BClose friendships are the most important for peoples health.CTeen friendships may help teens become healthier adults.DAdult health is only influenced by teen friendships.【解題導(dǎo)語】研究表明，與朋友較少或者沒有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在長(zhǎng)大后更健康。當(dāng)然，與朋友相處也有壞處。1B考查推理判斷。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹青少年時(shí)的友誼對(duì)青少年成年后健康的影響。據(jù)此可知，本文屬于健康知識(shí)類文章，故可判斷，本文可能選自“健康專欄”，故B項(xiàng)正確。2D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whether teens held back.sick as adults”可知，青少年是否向他們的好朋友表達(dá)情感也會(huì)影響到其成年后的健康，那些壓抑情感的青少年成年后很可能不健康。故D項(xiàng)正確。3B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，與朋友相處使得青少年在成年后更加健康的同時(shí)也會(huì)帶來不利影響，即周圍同齡人帶來的壓力，這些壓力會(huì)導(dǎo)致許多問題。分析Allen的話“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldnt lose heart for not finding this easy”可以判斷，青少年要應(yīng)對(duì)這些壓力，找到正確的平衡點(diǎn)是關(guān)鍵，不能因?yàn)楹茈y找到平衡點(diǎn)就灰心喪氣。故選B。4C考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults”可知，與朋友相處的青少年在成年后會(huì)更加健康。C項(xiàng)意為“青少年時(shí)期的友誼會(huì)幫助青少年成為更加健康的成年人”，符合文章意思，故C項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Getting along with the crowd may have benefits，says Allen，but there are also drawbacks”可知，與朋友相處有好處，但是也有一定的缺點(diǎn)，故A項(xiàng)與文意不符；B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在“the most”，D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在“only”，都太過于絕對(duì)。二、閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2017江西師大附中、臨川一中聯(lián)考)The British have many traditions but there is nothing more quintessential(典型的) than taking afternoon tea.We know the Brits have a love affair with drinking tea, 61._ more than 160 million cups drunk every day, but it was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea drink into 62._ popular pastime.This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea 63._(comfort) while nibbling(小口吃) on nice sandwiches, scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes.And, of course, it can only happen in the afternoon！Afternoon tea, which 64._(design) as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner, dates back to the 1840s.It went on to become a 65._(fashion) social occasion for the upper classes.Now there is a resurgence(復(fù)蘇) in its 66._(popular) in the UK and it is available to anyone who can afford it.67._ it can be enjoyed at home, the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel or caf.But if youre thinking of visiting such a place 68._(enjoy) a plate of sweet and savory treats with a steaming hot brew, remember the rules you must follow to avoid 69._(ask) to leave.Writer Henry James once noted that “there are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour dedicated to the ceremony known as afternoon tea”Im sure once you 70._(try) it, you will agree.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文講述的是英國(guó)最經(jīng)典的傳統(tǒng)下午茶以及它在英國(guó)的發(fā)展和影響。61with解析：考查介詞。此處是with賓語過去分詞的用法， 作伴隨狀語。62a解析：考查冠詞。pastime“娛樂； 消遣”是可數(shù)名詞， 此處表示泛指， 且popular以輔音音素開頭， 所以前面要用不定冠詞a。63comfortably解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。drinking是動(dòng)詞， 后面要用副詞comfortably修飾。64was designed解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。Afternoon tea和design是被動(dòng)關(guān)系， 再結(jié)合后面的“要追溯到19世紀(jì)40年代”可知，此處要用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故填was designed。65fashionable解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。occasion是名詞， 前面要用形容詞修飾， 所以此處填fashionable。66popularity解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。its是形容詞性物主代詞， 后面要跟名詞popularity。67Although/Though/While解析：考查連接詞。“it can be enjoyed at home”和“the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel or caf”在意思上是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系， 所以此處要用表示讓步的Although/Though/While。68to enjoy解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處是動(dòng)詞不定式表目的。69being asked解析：考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。avoid后面跟v.ing, 此處應(yīng)該是“避開被要求”， 所以要用being asked。70have tried解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我相信一旦你(已經(jīng))嘗試了， 你就會(huì)贊成的。根據(jù)句意可知，“嘗試”的動(dòng)作會(huì)產(chǎn)生“贊成”的結(jié)果， 所以這里用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。三、短文改錯(cuò)。假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)()，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。(2017濰坊4月模擬)One day, an old man was returning home after shopping.Suddenly, a bag of waste fell in the sky, nearly hitting him on his head.He was greatly frightening by the unexpected incident.Dropped the things he had bought to the ground, he ran away rapidly.What dangerous it was.Obviously, the accident caused by a careless neighbour living highly in an apartment.It was that person who was to blame for.Every one of us should behave politely and think more about other.Only when we each behaved properly can our society be changed into a pleasing one.答案：One day, an old man was returning home after shopping.Suddenly, a bag of waste fell the sky, nearly hitting him on head.He was greatly by the unexpected incident. the things he had bought to the ground, he ran away rapidly. dangerous it was.Obviously, the accident caused by a careless neighbour living in an apartment.It was that person who was to blame .Every one of us should behave politely and think more about .Only when we each properly can our society be changed into a pleasing one.四、七選五。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容, 從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。In high school, its important to stay healthy. 1 How can you study well if youre sick? So you should pay attention to your health in order to study well in high school. In order to enjoy good health, you should have some good habits. Here are some tips for you. Drink water regularly every day. Some students dont like drinking water. They only drink water when they are extremely thirsty. 2 You should drink water regularly so that your body and brain can function well. Avoid sport drinks and soda when you are thirsty. They are not good for your health. 3Some students dont eat three meals a day. No matter what happens, you should not skip any meal of the day. Eating regularly helps keep your metabolism(新陳代謝)high and keeps your energy up. Its especially important to eat a good breakfast every day with protein, carbohydrates(碳水化合物), and fiber to set up your body for the day of activity. If you dont eat, how can you stay focused in class? Eat the right foods. Some students eat whatever they can get. This is wrong. 4 Choose whole grains like rice and whole wheat flour. Skip muffins, donuts, and other processed foods. Instead, choose whole grains, protein, fruit and vegetables. 5If you do that, you can get distracted. Therefore, you may not pay attention to how much you are eating. You may eat too much. Eating too much harms your health. And you may gain too much weight because of it. Try to eat slowly so your brain sends the right signals to tell your belly that its full. A. Dont skip meals. B. This is bad for your health. C. Eat a good breakfast every day. D. Avoid eating too much at one time. E. Dont watch TV or movies when you eat. F. If you are unhealthy, you may fall ill easily. G. You should eat the foods that are good for your body. 【文章大意】本文主要講述高中生如何保持健康的話題。1. 【解析】選F。考查詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)?？崭袂罢劦健案咧袝r(shí)期健康很重要”, 空格后又指出“如果你病了怎么能學(xué)習(xí)好呢? ”, 故F項(xiàng)“如果你不健康, 你就可能很容易生病?！背猩蠁⑾? 故選F。2. 【解析】選B。考查意義對(duì)等?？崭袂罢劦? 有些學(xué)生只在口渴時(shí)才喝水, 空格后指出了正確的喝水方式(應(yīng)該有規(guī)律地喝水), 故前面那種“口渴時(shí)才喝水”的做法不利于健康, 故選B。3. 【解析】選A。考查意義對(duì)等。本段內(nèi)容談?wù)摰氖且蝗杖偷暮锰? 而且根據(jù)空格后“Some students dont eat three meals a day. No matter what happens, you should not skip any meal