2011江蘇高考英語(yǔ)試題詳解.doc

2011年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)試題（江蘇卷）詳解226531 江蘇省石莊高級(jí)中學(xué) 秦建華e-mail 第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分20分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1分，滿分5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15 B. 9.15 C. 9.18答案是 B1.What dose the man like about the play?A. The story B. The ending C. The actor2.Which place are the speakers trying to find?A.A hotel.B. A bank C.A restaurant.3.At what time will the two speakers meet?A.5:20. B.5:10. C.4:40.4.What will the man do?A. Change the plan B. Wait for a phone call. C. Sort things out.5.What does the woman want to do?A. See a film with the man.B. Offer the man some help.C. Listen to some great music.第二節(jié) (共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有幾個(gè)小問(wèn)題，從題中所給的A、B、C、三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置，聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Where is Ben?A. In the kitchen B. At school C. In the park7.What will the children do in the afternoon?A. Help set the table B. Have a party C. Do their homework聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.What are the two speakers talking about?A. A family holiday B. A business trip C. A travel plan9.Where did Rachel go?A. Spain B. Italy C. China聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.How did the woman get to know about third-hand smoke?A. From young smokers. B. From a newspaper article.C. From some smoking parents.11. Why does the man say that he should keep away from babies?A. He has just become a father. B. He wears dirty clothes.C. He is a smoker.12. What does the woman suggest smoking parents should do?A. Stop smoking altogether. B. Smoke only outside their houses.C. Reduce dangerous matter in cigarettes.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13. Where does Michelle Ray come from?A. A middle-sized city. B. A small town. C. A big city.14. Which place would Michelle Ray take her visitors to for shopping?A. The Zen Garden B. The Highlands C. The Red River area.15. What does Michelle Ray do for complete quiet?A. Go camping. B. Study in a library C. Read at home.16. What are the speakers talking about in general?A.Late-night shopping. B. Asian food. C. Louisville.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Why do some people say they never have dreams according to Dr Garfield?A. They forget about their dreams. B. They dont want to tell the truth.C. They have to bad experiences.18.Why did Davis stop having dreams?A. He got a serious heart attack. B. He was too sad about his brothers death.C. He was frightened by a terrible dream.19.What is Dr Garfields opinion about dreaming?A. It is very useful. B. It makes things worse.C. It prevents the mind from working.20.Why do some people turn off their dreams completely?A. To sleep better. B. To recover from illnesses.C. To say away from their problems.第二部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空（共15題：每小題1分，滿分15分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child _he or she wants.A. however B whatever C. whichever D. whenever答案是B。21.I hear you _ in a pub. What its like?Well, its hard work and Im always tired, but I dont mind.A. are working B. will work C. were working D. will be working答案A 解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。時(shí)態(tài)題最重要的是要找：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如果題目沒(méi)有給出時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，那么我們就要根據(jù)語(yǔ)義來(lái)合理地推測(cè)語(yǔ)境中的時(shí)態(tài)。對(duì)話中，第二句說(shuō)“這是一份困難的工作，而且我經(jīng)常很累，但是我不介意”，整個(gè)語(yǔ)境都用的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，說(shuō)明這是描述的目前的情況，所以選擇A選項(xiàng)，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)描述現(xiàn)階段長(zhǎng)期重復(fù)的一個(gè)動(dòng)作。22. The fact that so many people still smoke in public places_ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.A. suggest B. suggests C. suggested D. suggesting答案B 解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)及主謂一致。首先解析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，題干中that so many people still smoke in public places為the fact的同位語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)為the fact，所以謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式;that we may need a national wide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking是賓語(yǔ)從句，而原句中缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，可排除D選項(xiàng);根據(jù)句意“還是有很多人在公共場(chǎng)合吸煙這個(gè)事實(shí)說(shuō)明我們需要一個(gè)全球性的運(yùn)動(dòng)來(lái)提高人們對(duì)吸煙危害的認(rèn)識(shí)”，這是現(xiàn)在的情況，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)即可。23.Tommy is planning to buy a car.I know. By next month, he _ enough for a used one. A. saves B. saved C. will save D. will have saved答案D 解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)by next month，by加上將來(lái)的某個(gè)時(shí)間，用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。24. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream.A. when B. where C. that D. which答案A 解析：考查非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。首先解析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷從句類(lèi)型，題干說(shuō)“在音樂(lè)會(huì)中間有間歇，此時(shí)你可以買(mǎi)冰激凌。”題干的前半部分完整無(wú)缺，后半部分補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明這個(gè)間歇你可以干的事，所以這是一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為interval，非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的功能就是對(duì)先行詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。由于從句部分不缺少主干成分，而且interval表時(shí)間，所以正確答案為A.25. In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are_A. special B. regional C. optional D. original答案C 解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。Special是“別的，特意的”;regional是“地方的”;optional是“可選擇的”;original是“最初的”。根據(jù)句意，“在那所學(xué)校，英語(yǔ)是必修課”，緊接著后面用but進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)折，由此可知法語(yǔ)和俄羅斯語(yǔ)不是必修課而是可以選修。26.It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.A. that B. how C. when D. why答案D 解析：考查主語(yǔ)從句。這里的it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是“_the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.”根據(jù)句意，原句要表達(dá)的是“為什么這個(gè)老人沒(méi)有馬上報(bào)案這件事還未查明。” 27.Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professionalA.consequence B.independence C.competence D.intelligence答案C 解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。consequence是“結(jié)果，后果”;independence是“獨(dú)立，自主”;competence是“能力，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力”;intelligence是“智力，理解力”。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該是“老師們必須不斷更新知識(shí)，保持他們的職業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力?！?28.Are you still mad at her?Not really, but I cant that her remarks hurt me.A.deny B.refuse C.reject D.decline答案A 解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。deny是“否認(rèn)”;refuse、reject、decline都是“拒絕”。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該是“我不否認(rèn)他的話給我造成很大的傷害?！?29.Linda didnt invite us to the party. I dont care.A.For what B.So what C.Whats on D.Whats up答案B 解析：考查情景交際。第一個(gè)人抱怨“Linda沒(méi)有邀請(qǐng)我們?nèi)ゾ蹠?huì)”，第二個(gè)人說(shuō)“我不在乎”，根據(jù)這個(gè)語(yǔ)境，應(yīng)該是“那有怎么樣呢，我不在乎!” 30.You look upset. Whats the matter？I had my proposal _ again.A.turned over B.turned on C.turned off D.turned down答案D 解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。turned over是“翻書(shū)，翻身，翻倒”;turned on是“開(kāi)”;turned off 是“關(guān)”;turned down是“拒絕”。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該是“我的建議遭到拒絕”。31.Recently a survey prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.A.compared B.comparing C.compares D.being compared答案B 解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。首先分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這句話的主語(yǔ)是a survey，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是has caused，賓語(yǔ)是heated debate，意思是“一項(xiàng)調(diào)查引起了城市人們里激烈的討論”。由此可見(jiàn)，原句不缺主干成分，“ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets”該部分是來(lái)修飾survey的，做后置定語(yǔ)。排除C選項(xiàng)，由于是主動(dòng)地去比較，所以正確答案是B。32.Wed better discuss everything before we work out the plan.A.in detail B.in general C.on purpose D.on time答案A 解析：考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。in detail是“詳細(xì)地，詳盡地”;in general是“大體上，總體上”;on purpose是“故意地”;on time是“準(zhǔn)時(shí)”。根據(jù)句意。應(yīng)該是“我們最好在制定計(jì)劃前詳細(xì)地討論所有問(wèn)題?！?33.It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. , wed better take it to the garage immediately.A.Otherwise B.If not C.But for that D.If so答案D 解析：考查連詞辨析。題干前半句說(shuō)“聽(tīng)上去汽車(chē)的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)好像壞了”，后面句說(shuō)“我們最好立刻去修理廠”，通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單判斷可知，這兩個(gè)句子之間是順承的關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該是“如果真的這樣的話（發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)壞了）”。34.I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone it.A.will have stolen B.might have stolen C.should have stolen D.must have stolen答案B 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的推測(cè)用法。第一個(gè)人說(shuō)“我把包忘在車(chē)上了，幸運(yùn)的是，失而復(fù)得了”，第二個(gè)人說(shuō)“很難相信會(huì)有這種事發(fā)生，我的意思是，”will have stolen是將來(lái)完成時(shí)，表示到將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間，某件事一定會(huì)發(fā)生，顯然不符合語(yǔ)境;should have stolen表示本該最某事，也不符合意思;must have stolen表示一定做了某事，顯然錯(cuò)誤。這里應(yīng)該選用might have stolen表示說(shuō)話者覺(jué)得包落在火車(chē)上，很有可能會(huì)被別人偷走的。35.You could always put the decision off a little bit longer. If I leave it much longer I might miss my chance.A. Thats reasonable advice B.Isnt it a good idea?C.Do you think so? D.I cant agree more答案C 解析：考查情景交際。第一個(gè)人說(shuō)“你可以推遲決定”，第二個(gè)人說(shuō)“如果再拖下去，我會(huì)失去機(jī)會(huì)”。很明顯，這兩個(gè)人意見(jiàn)相反呢，所以第二個(gè)人不會(huì)肯定第一個(gè)人的意見(jiàn)，聯(lián)系選項(xiàng)，可以用Do you think so?先進(jìn)行反問(wèn)，然后給出自己的觀點(diǎn)。第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A boy was walking home from school when he saw a large, tempting （誘人的）apple on one of the branches of an apple tree hanging out over a tall fence. The boy wasnt much of a fruit-eater, 36 a bar of chocolate if given the choice, 37 , as they say, the forbidden fruit can be tempting. Seeing the apple, the boy wanted it. The more he looked at it, the 38 he felt and the more he wanted that apple.39 as high as he could, but even as his tallest 40 he was unable to touch It. He began to 41 up and down , as high as he could, at the 42 of each jump stretching his arms to get the apple . Still it remained out of 43 . Not giving up , he though , if only he had something to 44 on . His school bag wouldnt give enough height and he didnt want to 45 the things inside , like his lunch box , pencil case , and Gameboy. Looking 46 , he hoped he might find an old box , a rock , or , 47 luck , even a ladder , but it was a tidy neighborhood and there was nothing he could use. He had tired everything he could think to do. 48 seeing any other choices , he gave up and started to walk 49 . At first he felt angry and disappointed thinking about how hungry he had become from his 50 , and how he really wanted that apple .The more he 51 like this , the more unhappy he became.52 ,the boy of our story was a pretty smart guy, even if he couldnt always get what get he wanted .He started to say to himself . This isnt 53 ,I dont have the apple and Im feeling miserable as well. Theres 54 more I can do to get the apple-that is unchangeable-but we are supposed to be able to 55 our feelings. If thats the case, what can I do to feel better?文章講述的是一個(gè)放學(xué)回家的男孩看到高高柵欄里一棵蘋(píng)果樹(shù)叉上有一只非常誘人的大蘋(píng)果吊在那里。故事就從此展開(kāi)了。36.A. preferring B. offering C. receiving D. allowing盡管小孩不太喜歡吃水果，但如果讓其選擇的話，他更喜歡（preferring）一塊巧克力。37.A. so B. then C. but D or然后話鋒一轉(zhuǎn)（but），像他們所說(shuō)的，禁果是很有誘惑力的。38.A.sadder B. angrier C. hungrier D. tastier看到這只蘋(píng)果，這小孩就想要它。他越看，就越感到饑渴（hunger）就越想要那只蘋(píng)果。39.A. expanding B. stretching C. swinging D. pulling 他盡可能伸手往高處去夠（stretching）。40. A. strength B. length C. range D. height但即使是用他最高的高度（height）（比如：踮起腳）也不能夠夠到它。41.A.jump B. look C. walk D. glance他就開(kāi)始盡可能高地往上跳（jump）42.A.tip B. stage C. top D. level每次當(dāng)跳到最高處（top）時(shí)就伸手去夠那蘋(píng)果。tip是“頂端、尖端”的意思。43.A hope B. hand C. sight D. reach即便如此還是夠不到(out of reach)44.A. put B. stand C. get D. hold他沒(méi)有泄氣，他想，要是有什么東西往上一站（stand）該有多好??！45.A. break B. shake C. take D. strike即使站在他的書(shū)包上夜提供不了足夠的高度，而且他也不想踩斷（break）里面像午餐盒、鉛筆袋、掌上游戲機(jī)這些東西， 46.A.up B. forward C. down D. around他四處（around）望了望，希望能找到一只舊箱子，一塊大石頭47.A.for B. with C. on D. of或者帶點(diǎn)運(yùn)氣(with luck)的話，甚至有一架梯子?？蛇@是一家愛(ài)整潔的鄰居，所以他找不到什么可以利用的東西。48.A. After B. Through C .Without D. Upon他嘗試了他所能想到的一切辦法，由于看不到(without seeing)有任何別的選擇，49.A. back B. away C. up D. down所以他放棄了，起身離開(kāi)(away)。50.A. wishes B. beliefs C. efforts D. goals起先他感到很生氣，想想自己所付出的努力（efforts），反而感到如此的饑餓，繼而感到失望。他是多么想得到那只蘋(píng)果啊。51.A. thought B. imagined C. tried D. claimed他越是這么想（thought），他就越是不快樂(lè)。52.A.Therefore B. However C. Moreover D. Otherwise然而（However），故事中的男孩是一個(gè)非常精明的人，即使他不總是可能得到他想得到的東西。53.A. skilful B. cheerful C. harmful D. helpful他開(kāi)始自言自語(yǔ)道，“這（指上文中自己因得不到蘋(píng)果而不快樂(lè)）毫無(wú)益處（helpful）”54. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing要得到那只蘋(píng)果我所做的事僅此而已（nothing more）。55.A.change B. express C. forget D. describe-這是不可改變的-但是我們理應(yīng)能夠改變（change）我們的感受。要是那樣的話，我能做些什么會(huì)感到好受些呢？第三部分：閱讀理解（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWe know the famous onesthe Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮器)？Shouldnt we know who they are?Joan Mclean think so. In fact, Mclean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that shes developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning “who” invented “what”, however, Mclean also likes her students to learn the answers to the “why” and ”how” questions. According to Mclean,” When students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City. The day was cold and stormy, but Anderson still wanted to see the sights, so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield, she found herself wondering why there couldnt be a built-in device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever(操作桿)on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper. Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations，Its hard to imagine driving without Garrett A. Morgans traffic light. Its equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J. Blodgetts innovation that makes glass invisible, Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses?生活中離不開(kāi)小發(fā)明，鼓勵(lì)年輕人要善于把握發(fā)明的契機(jī)，推動(dòng)社會(huì)的進(jìn)步。56.By mentioning “traffic light” and “windshield wiper”, the author indicates that countless inventions are .A. beneficial, because their inventors are famous B. beneficial, though their inventors are less famousC. not useful, because their inventors are less famous D. not useful, though their inventors are famous觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題，根據(jù)第一段but 處：but what about the less famous inventers? What about.windshield wiper?可以得出結(jié)論。這些人的發(fā)明不是很有名，確實(shí)非常有用的。答案為B。57.Professor Joan McLeans course aims to_.來(lái)源:Zxxk.ComA. add colour and variety to students campus life B. inform students of the windshield wipers inventionC. carry out the requirements by Mountain University D. prepare students to try their own invention細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干可以定位到原文第二段，However處正是考點(diǎn)出題處，引號(hào)當(dāng)中的內(nèi)容正是證明了Mclean的觀點(diǎn)：when students learn the answers to these questions,.prepared to recognizeinventing a try.由此可以看出選項(xiàng)D正是原文的同義替換。58.Tommy Lees invention of the unbreakable umbrella was _. A. not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer B. inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper C. due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm D. not related to Professor Joan McLeans lectures細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的人物Tommy lee可以定位到原文第三段，引號(hào)當(dāng)中正是他的觀點(diǎn)：If I had not heard the story of the windshield wipers invention.i never would have.，可以判斷出答案B正確。59. Which 0f the following can best serve as the title of this passage? A.How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers? B.How to Design a Built-in Device for Cleaning the Window? C.Shouldnt We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper? D.Shouldnt We Develop Invention Courses in Universities? 主旨題。文章一開(kāi)頭就點(diǎn)出文章主旨：shouldnt we know who they are?并且用了疑問(wèn)句加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，可見(jiàn)C選項(xiàng)正確。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都相對(duì)片面。B本篇為應(yīng)用文，是一份海報(bào)，關(guān)于國(guó)家公園的介紹以及征募會(huì)員介紹，話題和學(xué)生的生活有比較大的距離感，但是詞匯未超出課標(biāo)范圍，學(xué)生完全可以通過(guò)信息的提煉分析答案。60.Which of the following is discouraged by the Friends organization?A.To build massive complexes for public amusement.B.To prevent possible damages to the National Park.C.To help protect and improve the Park for all to enjoy.D. To sponsor publications and projects in local school.推理題。 要注意題目問(wèn)的是discouraged by, 通過(guò)文章第三大標(biāo)題Activities第二段第一句we keep an eye on planning applicationssuch as massive leisure complexes可以推斷出選A是Friends所不支持的，為正確選項(xiàng)。61. One of the benefits for members of Friends is to .A. have Friends goods free of charge B. visit any place not open to the publicC. take part in work parties if they want to D. give talks in their fields on current issues細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干，定位到第四大標(biāo)題Benefits.從第五點(diǎn)”Satisfaction of participation in work parties, for those willing and able to involve.”可以看出選項(xiàng)C為正確選項(xiàng)。62.The purpose of this poster is to invite more people to_.A. raise money for the Friends organization B. join the Friends organization and be members of itC. work as managers for Pembroke shire National Park D. enjoy the landscape of Pembroke shire National Park主旨題。文章一開(kāi)頭就拋出三個(gè)問(wèn)題，可見(jiàn)這個(gè)組織的目的在于吸引更多的人能夠加入其中，B為正確選項(xiàng)。由文章第二大標(biāo)題Aims中的”we are a voluntary organization”可見(jiàn)A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。C，D選項(xiàng)都是文章沒(méi)有提到的。CAccording to the US government, wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce 900 gig watts of electricity every year. Unfortunately, the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills(see picture)to touch bottom. An experiment under way off the coast of Norway, however, could help put them anywhere.The project, called Hywind, is the worlds first large-scale deepwater wind turbine(渦輪發(fā)電機(jī)).Although it uses a fairly standard 152-ton,2.3-megawatt turbine, Hywind represents totally new technology. The turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar(see picture),a technology Hywinds creator, the Norwegian company StatoilHydro, has developed recently. The steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be tied to the ocean floor by three cable(纜索)；these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves. Hywinds stability(穩(wěn)定性)in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power. If all goes according to plan, the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern Norway as early as September.To produce electricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than Hywind does, but its difficult