高三英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)之-短文改錯(cuò).ppt

1、高三英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)之短文改錯(cuò),德陽中學(xué) 高三備課組,2020/11/7,1,一：,高考短文改錯(cuò)是知識(shí)和能力的綜合測試題型。主要考查考生在語篇中綜合運(yùn)用英語知識(shí)的準(zhǔn)確性及詞、句、篇和語法的綜合水平。高考短文改錯(cuò)題設(shè)置的考點(diǎn)靈活多變，知識(shí)層次多，覆蓋面廣，包括詞法、句法、行文邏輯以及語篇結(jié)構(gòu)等，是一種在較高層次上考查考生對(duì)英語知識(shí)的掌握和語言綜合運(yùn)用能力的測試題型。,2020/11/7,2,二、短文改錯(cuò)題的命題特點(diǎn)和測試要點(diǎn),（一）、命題特點(diǎn)：,1.考查的錯(cuò)誤隱藏在語篇中,它需要考生通過語篇閱讀,整句找錯(cuò).逐行解答.,2.其設(shè)疑特點(diǎn)可以用三個(gè)字來概括:多,少，錯(cuò),3.其答題手段可以用三句話來描述:錯(cuò)

2、詞更正,少詞添加,多詞劃掉.,4.短文很貼近中學(xué)生的寫作.,5.錯(cuò)誤類型多樣,包括詞法或句法錯(cuò)誤,相似詞語或習(xí)慣用語錯(cuò)誤,語篇邏輯行文錯(cuò)誤.,2020/11/7,3,（二）、測試要點(diǎn)：,1.冠詞的多用,少用或誤用,2.名詞的數(shù)與格的誤用,3.代詞的指代不一致的錯(cuò)誤,4.主謂不一致的錯(cuò)誤.特別要注意關(guān)系代詞作定語從句的主語和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是主語時(shí),其后從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)不一致.,5.動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài),語態(tài)的誤用.要特別注意上下文,主從句和某些特殊句型中時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的前后照應(yīng),2020/11/7,4,6.非謂語動(dòng)詞的誤用.非謂語動(dòng)詞的難點(diǎn)主要體現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的用法區(qū)別,現(xiàn)在分詞和不定式

3、的區(qū)別,7.形容詞和副詞的混用,8.關(guān)聯(lián)詞和平行結(jié)構(gòu)的誤用.主要體現(xiàn)在 and , but , or ,so 等詞相互間的混用;although 和 but , because 和so的重用,9.固定搭配,習(xí)慣用法和介詞的誤用,10.詞的多用.(詞的多用主要指意義完整的詞后加上不必要的詞) e.g: repeat again , return back , enter into , serve for 等,2020/11/7,5,（三）、 從近幾年全國部分省市高考短文改錯(cuò)可以看出有以下特點(diǎn):,1. 動(dòng)詞測試點(diǎn)是重中之重,2.非謂語動(dòng)詞在中學(xué)階段也是學(xué)習(xí)的重要內(nèi)容.,3.其次是介詞,代詞的考查面

4、也很廣. 動(dòng)詞和介詞的搭配, 搭配的介詞不同, 意思不同.,4.連接詞被考查的次數(shù)也不少.,2020/11/7,6,三.短文改錯(cuò)應(yīng)對(duì)措施,從解題步驟抓好訓(xùn)練,1.從語篇入手,理解文章大意,2.在理解大意的基礎(chǔ)上,審查句子結(jié)構(gòu),3.從語法結(jié)構(gòu)入手,進(jìn)行語法改錯(cuò),Step I 查時(shí)態(tài)是否一致 Step II 查最基本的錯(cuò)誤： 冠詞有無用錯(cuò)？邏輯是否一致？ Step III 讀全文,2020/11/7,7,2020/11/7,8,1.句子中不能缺少謂語 (be),3.語態(tài) (主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)),2.時(shí)態(tài) (上下文時(shí)態(tài)要一致),4.一致性(A.主謂一致 B.并列結(jié)構(gòu)一致and),一.動(dòng)詞形,7.偷換

5、動(dòng)詞(如take/bring, receive/accept),5.正確選用非謂語動(dòng)詞(動(dòng)名詞,分詞,不定式),6.注意固定句型運(yùn)用錯(cuò)誤 (used to/ be used to ),2020/11/7,9,Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. 2. Play football makes us grow up tall and strong. 3. They eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of questions. 5. I found the g

6、ame excited and my dad explained the rules. 4. As we climbed the mountain , we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. 6. He used to getting up early to take physical exercise. 7. so we will have plenty of spare time visit the area.,were,are,visited,How to correct them?,Playing,exciting,get,

7、to,2020/11/7,10,二、名詞數(shù),1. 名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)形式誤用,注意可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞,1. so that Ill get good marks in all my subject. 2. He collected some informations about computers. 3. He has made a great progress in English lately.,subjects,information,絕對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞,3. 注意可數(shù)名詞前冠詞(a, an, the)正確用法,2020/11/7,11,三、還要注意形和副,1.分清形容詞和副詞用法 2.正確使用

8、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí),1. He asked angry if we had finished the work. (2005) 2. Yes, it is clearly that your life in your country is quite different from mine. (2006) 3. What he said sounded wonderfully. 4. His father looks much more happier today.,angrily,clear,名詞 定語表語,動(dòng)詞,形容詞,副詞,作狀語,wonderful,2020/11/7,12,四、非謂語，細(xì)

9、辨別,1）不定式； 2）動(dòng)名詞作主語、賓語； 3）并列連詞and 等連接的不定式或動(dòng)名詞前后要一致(注意距離較遠(yuǎn)時(shí))； 4）現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別等。,2020/11/7,13, They will do all they can make sure that I get a good education., Play football makes us grow up tall and strong., I still remember going there early and felt anxious about the new world.,to,Playing,feeling,Ex

10、amples: （非謂語錯(cuò)誤）,I knocked the door and was delighting when a pleasant old man opened the door .,delighted,2020/11/7,14, Some students may also to save up for our college or future use. ., At first I was not willing to sit down and watched the 90-minutes football match.,Since long ago , many adults a

11、nd children called their friends together to spend hours , even days play games. (,此應(yīng)為謂語動(dòng)詞,watch 并列不定式，后者省to,playing, I found a small house standing on a field with a light shone from the sitting room.,shining,2020/11/7,15,1. The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. 2. I was learning to expr

12、ess me in simple English. 3. I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. 4. He found difficult to learn math well.,their,myself,everything,it,五、 代詞格，細(xì)領(lǐng)悟,2020/11/7,16,主要考查習(xí)慣搭配方面的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，其錯(cuò)誤表現(xiàn)形式主要有三種：多詞、少詞和搭配錯(cuò)誤。,catch a sight of lose my heart in hurry in Sunday afternoon exp

13、ress us such many people,a,on,ourselves,so,六、習(xí)慣用法要記住,2020/11/7,17,七、句子成分多分析,不同的句子成分要用不同的詞類；不同的語境要選擇不同的詞語。只有對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和成分作細(xì)致的分析，才能找出用詞不當(dāng)?shù)腻e(cuò)誤。,I dont know that they dont like to talk with me. I live in Beijing，where is the capital of China.,why,which,2020/11/7,18,八、邏輯錯(cuò)誤須關(guān)注,與句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，屬于邏輯性錯(cuò)誤，如稱謂上的張冠李

14、戴。,The main problem was that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. Some students may also save up for our college or future use.,everything,their,2020/11/7,19,語境及邏輯錯(cuò)誤（多為連詞錯(cuò)誤）,but it didnt matter that I would win or not.,When I was on the stage the next day, I felt

15、 so nervous as I shook like a leaf.,she was smiling but nodding at me.,whether,that,and,2020/11/7,20,冠詞（一）單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前須加a/an (泛指)或the(特指) （二）注意用或不用冠詞特殊情況,九、冠詞、連詞常光顧,1. It is famous mountain with all kinds of animals. 2. We may be one family and live under a same roof. 3. Suddenly, I caught a sight of my

16、English teacher. 4. What a fun it is to go swimming in summer.,a,the,2020/11/7,21,連詞,1. The food was expensive and the service was good. (2002) 2. Everybody sleeps in tents, that is very interesting. (2006) 3. Although it is raining heavily, but I decided to go out. 4. Because he is ill, so he cant

17、go to school today.,but,which,(一) 注意定語從句中關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞正確用法 (二) 注意連詞and/ but, and/ or, but/ however之間錯(cuò)用 (三) 注意從屬連詞如because與so, though /although與but, if與and / or 等 不能同時(shí)使用.,2020/11/7,22,實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練,2020/11/7,23,At Christmas Eve, Jim went with his father to choose a Christmas tree. They choose a big one. It was al

18、most as taller as the room! They put them in the corner of the sitting room. Jim was covered it with a lot of Christmas light. The sitting room looked really beautifully at the moment. There was a fire burning in the fire place, but theChristmas tree lights were shinning brightly. Jim and his parent

19、s singing and dancing happily.,.,.,.,2020/11/7,24,This passage is about_,A. Jims family. B. Christmas lights. C. How Jims family decorated the Christmas tree on Christmas Eve.,C,2020/11/7,25,At Christmas Eve, Jim went with his father to choose the Christmas tree. They choose a big one. It was almost as taller as the room! They put them in the corner of the sitting,_,on,_,cho