陳述疑問(wèn)祈使感嘆

1、四類(lèi)句型（按照使用目的劃分）（陳述句，疑問(wèn)句，祈使句，感嘆句）1 陳述句定義：說(shuō)明一個(gè)事實(shí)或陳述一種看法Light travels faster than sound.（說(shuō)明事實(shí)）The film is rather boring.（說(shuō)明看法）以下重點(diǎn)講解陳述句的否定形式.陳述句否定形式的用法例句1. 用not構(gòu)成的否定句：主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞/be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+He is not back yet.You shouldnt be so silly.I like the salad, but I dont like this soup.2. 祈使句的否定句：Dont+動(dòng)詞原形Dont worry

2、. Ill look after you.Dont believe a word he says.Dont be so rude.3. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（不定式，分詞，動(dòng)名詞）的否定式：把not放在to do;doing;的前面Its important not to worry.He said he deeply regretted not being able to help.He reproached me for not having told it to him.Not knowing what to do, Shelly asked advice of her friend.4.not與

3、除謂語(yǔ)以外的其他句子成分連用：not用在I hope;I believe;Im afraid;I guess;I suppose;I expect之后,構(gòu)成省略句.Come early, but not before six.Its working, but not properly.I believe he will succeed, though not without some difficulty.Will it snow today ?I hope not.5. 用no構(gòu)成否定句：no+名詞（單,復(fù)數(shù),不可數(shù)）相當(dāng)于not+ a +名詞/not + any +名詞No machine

4、 would work for long if it were not properly lubricatedTake that towel, I have no other.I can walk no farther.There is no knowing what will happen.The nations of Europe and America have found that no country can produce all its needs without trading.6. 某些否定副詞或代詞：seldom;never;hardly;rarely;little;few

5、;none; nowhere;neither等在句中構(gòu)成否定句I can seldom find time for reading.Mirror tells only the facts, never the poetry.The rumor came from nowhere.None but fools have ever believed it.否定轉(zhuǎn)移：當(dāng)think;believe;suppose;imagine等動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)否定意義的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),把從句中的not提到主句這些動(dòng)詞前面,是主句變成否定句：I dont think shes at home, but Ill go and se

6、e.I dont imagine that hell enjoy it.8.否定式疑問(wèn)句：部分否定：Not all=AllnotNot both=BothnotNot every=EverynotDoesnt she understand ?Havent you booked your holiday yet ?I dont remember all the names.All is not gold that glitters.It is not found everywhere.Not everyone likes this film.9.用否定形式表示肯定的意義：cannottoo. /

7、 cannot more: 越就越好；再不過(guò)了You cannot be too careful.A man can never have too many friends.2 疑問(wèn)句定義提出問(wèn)題的句子四類(lèi)疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句Can you finish the work in time?特殊疑問(wèn)句Where do you live?/How do you know that?選擇疑問(wèn)句Do you want tea or coffee?反義疑問(wèn)句以下重點(diǎn)講解反意疑問(wèn)句反義疑問(wèn)句陳述部分疑問(wèn)部分例句1)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是I疑問(wèn)部分用arent I.Im as tall as your sister,

8、arent I?2)陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是wish疑問(wèn)部分用may +主語(yǔ)I wish to have a word with you,may I?3) 陳述部分用no,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly, rarely, little等否定含義的詞時(shí).疑問(wèn)部分用肯定含義The Swede made no answer,did he / she?Some plants never blown (開(kāi)花),do they ?4)含有ought to的反意疑問(wèn)句,陳述部分是肯定的,疑問(wèn)部分用shouldnt/oughtnt+主語(yǔ)He ought to know w

9、hat to do,oughtnt he?/shouldnt he?5)陳述部分有have/had to do疑問(wèn)部分常用dont/didnt+主語(yǔ)We have to get there at eight tomorrow, dont we?6)陳述部分的謂語(yǔ)是used to時(shí)疑問(wèn)部分用didnt/usednt+主語(yǔ)He used to take pictures there, didnt he?/usednt he?7)陳述部分有had better do.疑問(wèn)句部分用hadnt you?Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you?8)陳述部分有w

10、ould rather do疑問(wèn)部分多用wouldnt +主語(yǔ)He would rather read it ten times than recite it,wouldnt he?9)陳述部分有Youd like to do.疑問(wèn)部分用wouldnt +主語(yǔ)Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you?10)陳述部分有must（表示推測(cè)）的疑問(wèn)句注意：must作必須講時(shí)，反義疑問(wèn)句用mustnt.must表示推測(cè)時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定He must be a doctor, isnt he?You must have studied English for

11、three years, havent you? / didnt you?He must have finished it yesterday, didnt he?You must work hard from now on,mustnt you?（必須）11)感嘆句中疑問(wèn)部分用be +主語(yǔ)What colours,arent they?What a smell, isnt it?12) 陳述部分由neithernor,eitheror 連接的并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)疑問(wèn)部分根據(jù)其實(shí)際邏輯意義而定Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?13) 陳述部分主語(yǔ)是指示代詞或不定

12、everything,that,nothing,this疑問(wèn)部分主語(yǔ)用itEverything is ready, isnt it?14) 陳述部分為主語(yǔ)從句或并列復(fù)合句,疑問(wèn)部分有三種情況：a.并列復(fù)合句疑問(wèn)部分,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)鄰近從句的謂語(yǔ)而定b.帶有定語(yǔ)從句,賓語(yǔ)從句的主從復(fù)合句,疑問(wèn)部分謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)主句的謂語(yǔ)而定c.上述部分主句謂語(yǔ)是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,疑問(wèn)部分與賓語(yǔ)從句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句.若主句為第二或三人稱(chēng),則反義疑問(wèn)句與主句一致.a. Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for se

13、veral times, he should have been in China now, shouldnt he?b.He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?c.I dont think he is bright, is he?We believe she can do it better, cant she?He said he wanted to visit Japan, didnt he?Jenny doesnt think that Robert is honest,does she?15)陳述部分主語(yǔ)是不定代詞everybody,a

14、nyone,somebody,nobody,no one等疑問(wèn)部分常用復(fù)數(shù)they,有時(shí)也用單數(shù)he.Everyone knows the answer,dont they?(does he?)Nobody knows about it, do they?(does he?)16) 帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞dare或need的反意疑問(wèn)句注意：當(dāng)dare,need為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分用助動(dòng)詞do+主語(yǔ)疑問(wèn)部分常用need (dare )+主語(yǔ)We need not do it again, need we ?He dare not say so, dare you?She doesnt dare to go

15、 home alone, does she?17) 省去主語(yǔ)的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句注意：Lets 開(kāi)頭的祈使句,后用shall we?Let us 開(kāi)頭的祈使句，后用will you?疑問(wèn)部分用will youDont do that again, will you?Go with me, will you / wont you ?Lets go and listen to the music, shall we?Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?18)陳述部分是there be結(jié)構(gòu)的疑問(wèn)部分用there省略主語(yǔ)代詞There

16、is something wrong with your watch, isnt there?There will not be any trouble, will there?There has been a great increase in retail sales, hasnt there ?19)否定前綴不能視為否定詞其反意疑問(wèn)句仍用否定形式It is impossible, isnt it?He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?20)句子主語(yǔ)為this,that時(shí)反義疑問(wèn)句主語(yǔ)用itIf you talk nice and polite

17、, people listen to you. If you shout, this is no good, is it？21)對(duì)某人的話表示譏諷或懷疑,可以重復(fù)他的話,所以,反義疑問(wèn)句中的動(dòng)詞形式和陳述部分應(yīng)一致,或者都用肯定或者都用否定形式.-Helen must obey her parents.-Oh,she must,must she?21)前肯后否,前否后肯.（事實(shí)求是）There is a computer in your room, isnt there?Yes, there is.（是的,有）There isnt a computer in your room, is the

18、re?Yes, there is.（不,有）【習(xí)題精煉】1. Its a fine day, Lets go fishing, _?A. wont we B. will we C. dont we D. shall we2. Frank is working late again. This is the first time this week hes had to study late, _?A. isnt he B. hasnt it C. hasnt he D. isnt it3. Daddys forgot to post the letter again, _? Im afraid

19、 he _. A. has; has B. isnt; is C. hasnt; has D. has; hasnt4. Sorry, Im not feeling well and I dont think I can finish.Dont worry. Let us do it for you , _? A. will you B. shall we C. shant we D. shall you5. I dont think he could have done such a stupid thing last night, _?A. do IB. could he C. did h

20、e D. has he6. The ground is wet. It must have rained last night,_ ?A. hasnt it B. didnt it C. mustnt it D. isnt it7. Jenny doesnt think that Robert is honest, _? Im afraid not.A. is he B. isnt he C. does she D. doesnt she8. The new windows need washing. Well, lets wash them together, _?A. shall we B

21、. will you C. should we D. would you9. There is little we can do about it, _?A. is there B. cant we C. isnt there D. can we10. The problem wasnt difficult for him, was it ?_.He should have been given a more difficult one.A. No, it was B. Yes, it was C. Yes, it wasnt D. No, it wasnt11. Such a sudden

22、turn in the road is too difficult for the new driver, isnt it ?_. Hes dealt with all kinds of troublesome situations before.A. No, it isnt B. Yes, it is C. No, he isnt D. Yes, he is12. She isnt a dancing teacher, is she ?_.A. Yes, she isnt B. No, she is C. Yes, she wasnt D. No, but she was.13. If ou

23、r parents would listen more to us, they would understand us better._.They just expect us to listen. A. I believe not B. No problem C. Good idea D. I cant agree more14. I dont suppose anyone will volunteer,? A. do I B. dont I C. will they D. wont they 15. Lucy,you wash the dishes, ? Mom,cant Lily do

24、it? Its her turn to do it. A. dont you B. can you C. shall you D. will you16. You ought to stay up late tonight, you? Yes. Ive got too much homework. A. cant B. shouldnt C. mustnt D. wont17. Nothing can stop us from serving the people heart and soul,? A. can it B. cant it C. can they D. cant they18.

25、 There used to be a church in the small town,?A. used there B. usednt there C. used it D.usednt it19. She isnt your neighbour, is she? . A. Yes,she isntB. No,she is C. Yes,she is D. No,isnt sheKeys：1-5 DDCAC 6-10 BCAAD 11-15 ADDCD 16-20 BABC3 祈使句定義祈使句用以表達(dá)命令,要求,請(qǐng)求,勸告等祈使句種類(lèi)1.以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭（但只限于省略第二人稱(chēng)主語(yǔ)的句子）Ta

26、ke this seat./Do be careful.否定結(jié)構(gòu)：Dont move./Dont be late.2.以let開(kāi)頭的祈使句a. Lets包括說(shuō)話者Lets have another try, shall we / shant we? = Shall we have another try?b. Let us不包括說(shuō)話者Let us have another try,will you / wont you? = Will you please let us have another try?否定結(jié)構(gòu)：Lets not talk of that matter.不要談這件事Let u

27、s not talk of that matter.你不要讓我們談這件事3.有主語(yǔ)的祈使句 -Sorry, Joe. I didnt mean to.-Dont call me Joe. Im Mr Parker to you, and dont you forget it!在”祈使句+and/or+陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)中,當(dāng)前后兩部分間為承接關(guān)系時(shí),用and;前后意思為相反關(guān)系時(shí),用or.可將前面的祈使句轉(zhuǎn)換成由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句,但必須將and或or去掉.如: Hurry up, and well be there in time.=If we hurry up, well be there

28、in time.because和so; although, though和but 不能連用注意：祈使句的主語(yǔ)通常就是說(shuō)話的對(duì)方,即第二人稱(chēng)you,一般不表示出來(lái),但在有些情況下,祈使句也可帶主語(yǔ)一、為了強(qiáng)調(diào)指明向誰(shuí)提出要求或發(fā)出命令時(shí)You go with me.你跟我去You tell him what I said.你把我說(shuō)的話告訴他You take that seat.你坐在那個(gè)座位上二、表達(dá)氣憤;不滿;厭煩;急躁等情緒時(shí)You get out of here!你給我滾出這兒!You mind your own business!你少管閑事!You take your hands off

29、 me!你把手拿開(kāi),別碰我!三、表示對(duì)照或區(qū)別不同的說(shuō)話對(duì)象時(shí)Helen, you clean the window, and Paul, you sweep the floor. 海倫,你擦窗子;保羅,你掃地You come here, Jack, and you go there, Mary. 杰克你到這邊來(lái),瑪麗你到那邊去You ask the first question and I ask the second one. 你問(wèn)第一個(gè)問(wèn)題,我問(wèn)第二個(gè)問(wèn)題四、當(dāng)祈使句中有in, out, away, up, off等作狀語(yǔ)的副詞,強(qiáng)調(diào)這些狀語(yǔ)而把它們置于句首時(shí)Out you come!你

30、出來(lái)!Away you go!你走吧!Up you stand!你站起來(lái)!五、祈使句以dont開(kāi)頭,表示關(guān)照或警告對(duì)方時(shí)Dont you be late again. 你別再遲到了Dont you ever forget this lesson! 你一定不要忘記了這次教訓(xùn)!六、祈使句的主語(yǔ)也可以是第三人稱(chēng)Everybody stand up!大家都站起來(lái)!Jack stand there.杰克站到那邊去Someone open the door. 誰(shuí)去把門(mén)打開(kāi)【習(xí)題精練】1 help if you can,and our country will improve more quickly an

31、d better. A. Giving B. Give C. Given D. To give Key：1-5 B4 感嘆句定義表示說(shuō)話人驚奇、喜悅、憤怒等情緒由感嘆詞what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句一般中心詞為名詞.What a/an+（adj）+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)！What a fine day it is!What+（adj）+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!What kind women they are!What nice music it is!由感嘆詞how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句.主要表示程度,一般中心詞是adj和adv或整個(gè)句子.How+adj+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!How

32、 fine a day it is!How+adj/adv+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!How clever the girl is!/How quickly the boy runs!How+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!How time flies!How+整個(gè)句子! How I wanted to be a PLA soldier when I was young.在口語(yǔ)中,感嘆句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)常常省略.What a nice present!（省略it is）How disappointed!（省略she is或其它可作本句主謂的詞語(yǔ)）互換What a/an+（adj）+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!與How+adj+a/a

33、n+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換.What an interesting story it is!=How interesting a story it is!【習(xí)題精煉】1. to be a PLA soldier when I was young. And now you are. A.How I wanted B. How did I want C. What I wanted D. What did I wantKeys：1-5A【分類(lèi)習(xí)題】1 陳述句1、They_happy when they hear the news. AwillBwill beCwereDdont2、

34、We_satisfied with their work.AdontBare notCwontDwerent being3、He_coffee at all. He_tea.Adoesnt like, prefersBlikes, doesnt preferCwould like, not prefersDprefers, is not fond of4、She_me only twice since last year.AseesBwas seeingChas seenDhave seen5、My grandma_in the country. Now she_in the city.Aus

35、ed to live, livesBused to living, livedCuses to live, is livingDwas used to live, lives6、You_make such mistakes again.Ashould neverBshould not alwaysCwould always notDwould not forever7、In England tea_with milk or sugar in it.Ausually drinksBis usually drunkCusually is drunkDdrank usually8、Tom_like

36、reading at all. He_interested in playing basketball.Adoesnt, isBdoesnt, wereCis, doesDwas, is9、They_trouble lifting the heavy box.Adidnt have manyBhadnt a lot ofCdidnt have muchDhavent a great deal of10、 “That ten pound note belongs to me.” “_”AYes, it isBYes, it belongsCNo it doesntDNo, it isntKeys

37、：1-5 BBACA 6-10 ABACC二一般疑問(wèn)句1、 “ Is your uncle a driver?” “.” ANo, but my aunt isBYes, but my aunt isCNo, he doesntDYes, he does2、 “Can you drive a car?” “_.”AYes, and Jim cant tooBYes, but Jim cantCNo, but Jim can, tooDNo, but Jim cant3、 “Are you going to the super market?” “ No, _.”AI cycle thereBI

38、 walk thereCto the workDIve already been there4、 “Is she going to the post office?” “No, _.”Ashe doesntBshe goes by bikeCto the shopsDshes on the bike5、 “Did you have breakfast this morning? “_.”AYes, I hadBYes, I didCNo, I hadntDNo, I didnt have.Keys：1-5 ABDCB3 特殊疑問(wèn)句1、When_home from work?Ado your p

39、arents comeBdoes your parents comeChave your parentsDour parents come2、Which of the students_the examination?Anot passBdidnt passCpassDdidnt passed3、_colour is the cover of the dictionary?AWhatBWhichCHowDWhose4、_does he brush his teeth a day?” “Twice.”AWhat timeBHow longCWhenDHow many times5、There a

40、re many pictures on the wall._do you like best?AWhatBWhich oneCWhich of the pictureDWhich one picture6、Since when_her?Adid you knowBhave you knownCdo you knowDyou know7、 “Would you rather wait or come back later?” “_.”AId rather come backBYes, Id rather not waitCNo, Id rather waitDto come back8、 “_s

41、hoes do you take?” “Size 42.”AWhich numberBWhat numberCWhat sizeDWhat9、 “_is the weather like today?” “ Its windy.”AWhatBHowCWhat kindDWhich10、_is the distance between these two villages?AHow farBWhatCHow longDHow much11、_do you go to the cinema? Twice a month.AHow many timeBHow muchCHow longDHow of

42、ten12、How_it in English?Ayou sayBdo you speakCdo you sayDto speak13、_is the population of the city?AHow muchBHow manyCHowDWhat14、_did she get this information?AWhomBWhoCWhereDWhat15、_does your watch cost? Two hundred yuan.AHow manyBWhat priceCWhatDHow expensive16、About_do you want to know more?AWhom

43、BwhoCwhichDwhat17、We havent heard from Jane for a long time.What do you supposeto her.Awas happeningBto happenChas happenedDhaving happened18、Have you heard the news about Jim?No. What?Ais itBit isCare theyDthey are19、was the Nanjing-Changjiang Bridge open to traffic?It was open to traffic in 1968.A

44、WhatBWhat timeCHow longDWhenKeys：1-5 ABADB 6-10 BACAB 11-15 DCDCC 16-19 ACAD4 選擇疑問(wèn)句1、Would you rather go there by train or by air? .AYes, I wouldBNo, I wouldntCYes, by airDBy air2、_I go or_you go yourself?AWillwillBShallshallCShallwillDWillshall3、Do you think the question easy or not? .AYes, I doBNo

45、, I dontCIt is easyDYes, its easy4、Shall we stay at home or_to the park?Ato goBgoingCgoDwill go5、_writer is better known in China, Charles Dickens or Mark Twain?AWhicheverBWhetherCWhatDWhichKeys：1-5 DCCCD五反義疑問(wèn)句1、Youd like some coffee, _?Awerent youBwouldnt youChadnt youDshouldnt you2、I dont think he

46、 will come to the meeting, _?Awill heBwont heCdo IDam I3、Harry and his brother promised to work harder, _.Ado theyBdont theyCdid theyDdidnt they4、His father knows little about it, _he?AdoesBdoesntCis heDisnt5、We all like reading story books, _?Ado weBdo youCdont weDdont you6、My sister seldom goes to

47、 the theater ,_ she?AdoesntBdoesCisDisnt7、Your father_promised to buy a computer for you, _he?Aoften, didBnever, didntCalready, didDnever, did8、Be sure to write to us, _?Awill youBarent youCwould youDcan you9、Dont smoke in the meeting room, _you?Ado youBwill youCwouldDcan10、Its fine today. Lets go f

48、ishing, _?Awill weBshall weCdo weDdont we11、Mary has few friend in Japan, _she?AhasBdontCdoesntDhasnt12、There is a beautiful lake in this city, _?Aisnt itBisnt thereCis itDhasnt it13、There is nothing wrong with my bike, _?Ais itBisnt thereCisnt itDis there14、He comes late sometimes, _?Aisnt heBcomes

49、 heCdoesnt heDis he15、You are not a new comer, are you?_. I came here only yesterday.ANo, I amBYes, I amCNo, Im notDYes, Im not.16、She could hardly believe it,_?Acouldnt sheBcould sheCdidnt sheDdid she17、You neednt go, _?Acan youBmust youCneed youDmay you18、You must work hard from now on, _?Acan you

50、Bwont youCmustnt youDneednt you19、After walking so long a way, you must have been tired, _you?AwereBhave ChaventDmustnt20、He must have left home yesterday, _he?AhasntBdidntCmustntDneednt21、You dont think Im going out in such wet weather, _?Aam IBdo youCdont youDdo I22、Youd better call in a doctor for your mother, _you?AhadBwouldChadntDwouldnt23、You need to come earlier, _you?Adont youBneedntCdontDwont24、You dare not go alone, _you?AdontBdoCdareDdarent25、He shouldnt drink