考研英語完形填空解題技巧

1、考研英語完形填空解題技巧目標:6分到7分.完型4分技巧: 和英語水平無關。紅花綠葉原則,1. 紅花詞匯(必選的單詞) however although yet because2. 綠葉詞匯(必不選的單詞) since(家族都不選) even since ,now that,what. 涉及虛擬語氣的詞匯(表示與現(xiàn)實相反或不相符的情況) if only 但愿. 與過去相反,從句過去完成 與現(xiàn)在相反,一般過去時 與將來情況相反 would/could+v 所以用if only 最少是過去時.一般在文中很少選擇,in case(唯恐,萬一以免),lest,or else.(否則要不然) 表示關于的詞

2、 as to，with regard to，about，within reference to，3. 2-5道紅花綠葉詞匯.概率原則：1. 每篇完形填空中，A,B,C,D作為正確選項的個數(shù)在4-6之間。2. A選項出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)最多，蒙一水的A。3. 沒有連續(xù)三個答案都一樣的情況。連續(xù)兩個答案都連在一起的答案0-3.相鄰答案都不一樣的概率17-20.4. 五組答案中至少要出現(xiàn)3個字母作為正確選項，每組接縫處沒有連續(xù)兩個答案是一樣的情況。5. 閱讀理解也有此規(guī)律。HTTP:/，我拼搏我自信，大學畢業(yè)生的精神家園！4-7分技巧：同義原則：1. 四個選項中兩個或三個實詞（名、動、

3、形、副）互為同義時，答案往往在其中。2. 四個選項中當兩個或三個虛詞互為同義詞是往往都不選，介詞，連詞，感嘆詞。3. 當四個選項有一個共同的意思時，該意思往往不能被選。邏輯關系題原則：最重要的一個（7個左右），通過前后句的意思及其內(nèi)在關系來判定答案的題目。（本質(zhì)上是閱讀）。內(nèi)容：對立因果并列總分遞進。1.表示對立關系：（3分） 轉(zhuǎn)折：however、but、yet、nevertheless 讓步：although、though、even though、even if 、much as、as，while、whereas其它：against、instead of、rather than、admit

4、、ignoring、on the contrary、by constrast。對立關系考點：后句對前句直接否定是，叫轉(zhuǎn)折。當后句是對前句間接部分否定時，叫讓步。Although和but，because和for不能在同一句中同時出現(xiàn)。Although、because從屬連詞。But、for（and）并列連詞。從屬連詞既可以放在句首，又可以放在句中，從屬連詞放在句中時前面一般不加逗號。而并列連詞只能放在句中，前面逗號可加可不加。For后面跟的是一個句就是連詞不可以放，如果只是一個名詞時就是介詞短語可以隨意放的. ough做副詞時可以插入狀語。放于中間時前后都要有逗號。 while和whereas的

5、區(qū)別。While可引導省略式的狀語從句，whereas不行。While可引導省略式的狀語從句的條件：一從句主語和主句主語相一致，二，從句是系表結(jié)構(gòu)。滿足這兩個條件后，從句的主語和系東西可省略。例：The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive 48 avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens 49 by employment rules, healthcare costs and pension plans.48.A butB whileC a

6、ndD whereasThe phenomenon is avoiding while:盡管，雖然 當.的時候 于此同時. 判斷對立關系的標準：A.根據(jù)句子意思標準.B.根據(jù)褒貶色彩。He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 43 the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to 44 old agricultural implements and obt

7、ain chemical fertilizers to 45 the soil. Benefits have been weighed 40 harmful outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult40.A above B upon C against D withC.根據(jù)句式結(jié)構(gòu),前面肯定后面否定,或者前面否定,后面肯定.例如:not題目兩個句子之間的關系；選項是一些表對立關系的詞。All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing

8、 a criminal act, 40 a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.40.A provided B since C althoughDsupposing38 This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. 38 they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 39 for roles that are within their 40 and their attention

9、 spans and by having clearly stated rules. 38. A on the contrary B on the average C on the wholeD on the other hand B項一定要有數(shù)字才能用，D項一定要有on one hand48 31題。P54 6題。每年都有一道not題目。注意，邏輯關系題目優(yōu)先做的理由A 選項都認識 b范圍確定 c.往往不需要通讀全文,只要看前后句子.三板斧:紅花綠葉，邏輯關系，同義原則。P452.因果關系HTTP:/，我拼搏我自信，大學畢業(yè)生的精神家園！表原因的詞:because、i

10、n that、now that、since、as、for、as a result of、considering表結(jié)果的詞：so that，such that、as a result 、lead to、consequently、therefore、hence、thus、soP41 46題 p52 34題目 Families have also 33 changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; 34 , children are likely to have

11、less supervision at home 35 was common in the traditional family 36 . 34. A contrarily B consequently Csimilar D simultaneously因果關系 A是對比關系。C和d是并列關系用詞，但是文中分號的作用已經(jīng)說明邏輯關系，不用再用c和d。Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 26 the fact that children from w

12、ealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 27 lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 28 to criticism.26.A consideringB ignoring C highlighting D discarding27.A onB in C for D with表對立，c之所以不行使因為和also重復。The homeless make up a growing percentag

13、e of Americas population. _1_ homelessness has reached such proportions that local government cant possibly _2_. To help homeless people _3_ independence, the federal government must support job training programs, _4_ the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing.1.A Indeed B Likewise C Therefore

14、 D FurthermoreSuch.that 表因果所以c不可選,重復了.3并列關系.常用詞:and、as well as、likewise、while、similarly、simultaneously、meanwhile.And題三種做題方法: HTTP:/，我拼搏我自信，大學畢業(yè)生的精神家園！a,and前后選擇同意詞.2003 23.此考法比較少 B.and前后考同一個范圍的詞。如03年25題。C.句子對應成分分析。如形對形。A variety of activities should be organized 35 participants can remain

15、 active as long as they want and then go on to 36 else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 37 . 37. A off B down C out D aloneLet down失望，沮喪let off 泄漏 let out 淘汰 let alone 更不用說，不用去管。Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young

16、 adults experience. And they also need to give serious 21 to how they can best 22 such changes. 21. A thought B idea C opinion D advice句子之間的并列關系。Giveideaopiniononabout 搭配不對give advice to sb on sth。Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus ei

17、ther on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 21 on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 22 they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 23 with others. Theories focusin

18、g on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in 24 to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status 25 as a rejection of middle-class values.(2003)21.A actingB relyingC centeringD commenting22.A beforeB unlessC untilD because23.A interactionsB assimilationC cooperationD cons

19、ultation24.A returnB replyC referenceD response25.A orB but rather C but D or else本段總分結(jié)構(gòu)，2，3句話是并列結(jié)構(gòu)。focusing on 以.為焦點,對應21題目的選項.In reference to 關于 綠葉詞 in reply to 對.進行答復 in return to作為.的報答. In response to 對.作出反應.failure to 沒能夠,未能夠.4. 總分關系:for example、for instance(插入狀語) 、such as、including.例:2001 The

20、government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases 31 the trial of Rosemary West.31.A as toB for instanceC in particularD such as prominent cases重大案件the trial of Rosemary West 羅斯瑪麗的小案 as to關于綠葉.b要當選前后要有逗號. 2003However, the typical teenage li

21、festyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 28 . publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, 29 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. 28. A in effect B as a result C for exa

22、mple D in a sense13年來考察的插入狀語. for example、for instance though.5. 遞進關系(考的不多):still、also、indeed、furhermore（進一步）、moreover（而且，除外）highlighting(突出強調(diào))a.遞進關系是并列關系的一種。B.stil與also的區(qū)別。Still是指意見事情的遞進。Also可以指一件，有可以指兩件事情。C.furthermore僅指同一間事情的遞進，indeed，可以指一件，有可以指兩件事情。最好能做對8-9個。復現(xiàn)原則:某一概念在完型填空中出現(xiàn)兩次或者兩次以上時，它的提法應該是以一樣

23、的，也就是相對應的成分彼此互為答案。The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it _14_ to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can _15_ new receptors if necessary. This may _16_ explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not

24、 _17_ of the usual smell of our own house but we _18_ new smells when we visit someone elses. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors _19_ for unfamiliar and emergency signals _20_ the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.16. Astil Balso Cotherwise Dnevertheless17. Asure B

25、sick Caware Dtired 18. Atolerate Brepel Cneglect Dnotice 19. Aavailabe Breliable CidentifiableDsuitable 20. Asimilar toBsuch as Calong with Daside from2003.Changes in the social structure may indirectly 29 juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy (that 30 to fewer job opportunities

26、for youth and rising unemployment 31 )make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 32 lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also 33 changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; 34 , children a

27、re likely to have less supervision at home 35 was common in the traditional family 36 . This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Othe29. Aaffect Breduce C check D reflect30. Apoint Blead C come D amount31. Ain general Bon average C by contrast D at len

28、gth32. Acase Bshort C turn D essence33. A survived B noticed C undertaken D experienced34. A contrarily B consequently Csimilar D simultaneously35. A than B that C which D as36. A system B structure C concept D heritage31,that處，名詞后加that，兩種可能性定語從句或者同位語，完整的一句話是同位語，缺成分的是從句。本處缺主語。根據(jù)主語和賓語的邏輯關系來選擇，他們的邏輯關系

29、直接決定謂語的選擇。31處.后面是的make/keep/find +賓語+賓語補足語.13年之考過這三個詞引導過賓語和賓補.33前面also表示遞進,是三段引領的總分結(jié)構(gòu),為了做36題目.36題呼應29前面的.2004的要背一背.2003的要背一背.表語原則: 如果所考空是標語,那么主語就是線索當標語是名詞時它和主語是對等關系;當標語是形容詞時或相當于形容詞時和主語是修飾關系.第五步：v， n，adj，adv。As was discussed before, it was not 22 the 19thcentury that the newspaper became the dominant

30、 pre-electronic 23 , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 24 of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 25 up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading 26 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures 27 the

31、 20th century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in 28 It is important to do so.23.A meansB methodC mediumD measureThe speaker who does not have specific words in his working vocabulary may be 49 to explain or describe in a 50 that can be understood by his listen

32、ers.49.A obscureB difficultC impossibleD unable主語是the speaker .只有d可以修飾人.殺熟原則:標準:是否在歷年真題中出現(xiàn)過,以05年的為例.2005年與歷年真題的對應關系,1.C - 97年p42 48題A. 6.A - 97年44 A 9.D-97 48題D10.B-03年P51,33題A 11.C-94年p39,48題C 13.D- 04P53 39C17.C-04.p53,39 B 18.D- 04. p33.B 19.A 97 .P43 45C20.B-01.P46.31D 復習700個單詞夠了。完形填空的7分以上技巧1. 動

33、詞題解題方法。 看主語，注意主謂搭配一致。 a.看主語是人還是物. 主語必須是人的動詞:believe,doubt,intend,require,respect,regard,be impressed by,notice,present.主語必須是物的:manifest 主謂一致原則 (考的比較少了)p39 43. Too often, careless use of words 43 a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener.43.A encouragesB preventsC destroyD offersA.鼓勵 D.提供,求婚

34、. 單數(shù)看賓語，注意動賓搭配一致。a.看賓語是具體名詞還是抽象名詞。He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 43 the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to 44 old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to 45 the soil.45.A enhanceB mixC

35、 feedD raiseDRaise 養(yǎng)活 a.提高增強 enhance+抽象名詞如效率，質(zhì)量等。enhance+抽象名詞feed，label，fasten+具體名詞。Tighten+抽象具體都可以。In a significant 32 of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor,32.A tighteningB intensifyingC focusingD fastening動名詞+of+賓語=動詞+賓語。同義原則a和d。p45.45 p46 32 p43.50.b. 看賓語是人還是物。賓語只能是人

36、的動詞，assure，impress，side with，share with，confide to，Credit sth. to sb賓語既可以是人有可以是物的動詞:ensure, agree with. Concerns were raised 49 witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to 50 guilty verdict.有罪判決.50.A assureB confideC ensureD guarantee同義原則a,c,d.assure sb .of sth. Asure sb.th

37、at.P46.50 P48 38 P43 50.The communications revolution has 38 both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been 39 views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications38.A regardedB impressedC influencedD effected選擇一個主語和賓語都是sth的東西. Impress

38、ed主動語態(tài)賓語一定要是人.同義原則.c和d.effect都是不良的影響. HTTP:/，我拼搏我自信，大學畢業(yè)生的精神家園！c.根據(jù)主語和賓語的邏輯關系來判定動詞.(考的比較少,但是未來的發(fā)展方向.Changes economy fewer jobs.A.lead to b.amount toP46 38. p52 30.主賓一起看的題目.D.從及物和不及物的角度出發(fā)做題.重點不及物,及物動詞太多了.詞組也存在及物和不及物的. P45.44 p43.49. p48 25 p39 44. p56 2.E.根據(jù)動詞后的介詞及介詞短語解題. laid down that e

39、verybody was 45 to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families.45.A authorizedB creditedC entitledD qualifiedTo是介詞 p46(37,45)F.考慮句子中能夠?qū)釉~過程限制的成分.(一般只形容詞)In order to old agricultural implements。A.purchase b. supplement c.replace.背東西時就要注意這些的方向.2. 名詞題 A. 名

40、詞作主語時,謂語和標語就是線索.B. 名詞是賓語是謂語東西就是線索.C. 根據(jù)名詞前后介詞判斷.名詞和介詞的固定搭配就是. Approach to, key to, answer to ,confidence in,confident of.Specialist in,attitude to/toward ,research into,by contrast.P43.48. p40 45. p53 24. purpose ford.當名詞后出現(xiàn)定語從句或者同位語從句，從句是線索。將是名詞的重要發(fā)展方向。_11_ when homeless individuals manage to find

41、a _12_ that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day _13_ the street.12.A lodging B shelter C dwelling D houseA旅店 b.避難所.救濟所. C棲息地P46 33.49. p48.37. p50.25. p52.35 p56.12. E.通過已有名詞判定所選名字. 39 of the letter came two days after Lord I

42、rvine caused a 40 of media protest when he said the 41 of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges 42 to Parliament.39.AReleaseB PublicationC PrintingD ExposureExposure to 曝光,暴露,接觸 c.印刷 letter是單數(shù).a.發(fā)行.發(fā)行要很多的.b.發(fā)表.P46. 39.41形容詞題:A. 形容詞做標語時,主語就是線索.p39 49 . p50.27.26B.

43、 有副詞對形容詞進行修飾時,副詞就是線索. 2001 Human Rights legally 44 in Britain, laid down that(和法律有關系)44.A bindingB convincingC restrainingD sustainingP46.44c.有多個修飾成分同時修飾一個名詞，答案就在修飾成分中。2001 will introduce a 33 bill that will propose making payments to witnesses 34 and will strictly control the amount of 35 that can

44、be given to a case 36 a trial begins.33.AsketchB roughC preliminaryD draftBill受到前面和后面定語從句的修飾。33前面的選擇取決于后面的定語從句。P46 33. p50 33. C. 形容詞修飾名詞是,名詞就是線索. 39 of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a 40 of media protest when he said(抗議)40.AstormB rageC flareD flashRage憤怒,語義重復, flare 一閃而過的光 flas

45、h 一閃而過的光(同義原則本題失手)副詞題:A. 利用主旨做題 p45.50.B. 同義原則.p43.46 p51.33 p56.33C. 利用時態(tài)做題.p42.47.瞬間性的副詞不能用在進行時態(tài)之中的. it is 47 changing the relationship between people and their jobs.47.A instantly(瞬間)B reverselyC fundamentallyD sufficiently(也不能)What是綠葉,what三大特點A. what引導主賓表從句.B. What前部能用名詞.不引導定語和同位語從句.C. What 后面的從句不完整.d.從句不完整,98%定語從句,1%what從句,1%省略式的狀語從句.定語從句和狀語從句缺少的成分不同,定語從句缺少的是名詞和狀語,省略是狀語從句缺少的是動詞和主語,大部分從句是完整的.完形填空中的收尾: 完形填空解題的順序：先看選項，1.紅花綠葉原則，2.邏輯關系題目。3.同義原則。4殺熟原則 5.固定搭配和從句原則