中考英語(yǔ)補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(huà)的答題技巧-

1、中考英語(yǔ)補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(huà)的答題技巧 補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(huà)又稱(chēng)為情景對(duì)話(huà)。主要是考查學(xué)生的口語(yǔ)能力和對(duì)英語(yǔ)的應(yīng)對(duì)習(xí)慣。下面我從以下幾個(gè)方面談?wù)勊拿}趨勢(shì)和解題技巧。 一、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(huà)常見(jiàn)的題型有: 1. 填單詞補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(huà); 2. 寫(xiě)句子補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(huà); 3. 選句子補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(huà); 4. 選單詞補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(huà); 5. 對(duì)話(huà)排序。 本市以前多采用第3種“選擇式”的客觀題型。但近幾年多采用第一，二種“非選擇式”的主觀題型，來(lái)考查學(xué)生靈活運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的能力。因此,本文著重介紹這類(lèi)題型的具體做法。 二、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(huà)的解題要求 1. 熟讀背誦考生應(yīng)熟讀背誦初中英語(yǔ)教材中出現(xiàn)過(guò)的日常交際用語(yǔ),如:問(wèn)候、介紹、問(wèn)路、看病、購(gòu)物、就餐、祝愿、打電話(huà)、談天氣

2、等情境中的固定句式和習(xí)慣表達(dá)方式。只有這樣,做題時(shí)才能得心應(yīng)手。 2. 掌握各交際項(xiàng)目的習(xí)慣用法。平時(shí)牢固掌握初中英語(yǔ)教材中出現(xiàn)的30個(gè)交流項(xiàng)目以及它們各自特定的習(xí)慣表達(dá)方式和慣用句型，答題時(shí)就能迅速地回憶起與對(duì)話(huà)內(nèi)容有關(guān)的日常交際用語(yǔ)及習(xí)慣表達(dá)法，并且靈活地進(jìn)行運(yùn)用，才能保證所使用的語(yǔ)言符合英語(yǔ)在情景交流中的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。 3. 答題時(shí)要面向整體內(nèi)容，切忌片面理解。答題時(shí)，跳過(guò)空行，快速把全篇對(duì)話(huà)通讀一篇，了解對(duì)話(huà)的整體結(jié)構(gòu)，把握對(duì)話(huà)的內(nèi)容及語(yǔ)境。語(yǔ)境決定了語(yǔ)言的表達(dá)方式、雙方說(shuō)話(huà)人的態(tài)度以及表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。如在餐館、圖書(shū)館、車(chē)站、商店等不同的地點(diǎn)，都有各自的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)方式。因而，在做題時(shí)，應(yīng)在理解全

3、篇對(duì)話(huà)內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上，準(zhǔn)確地把握語(yǔ)言環(huán)境，把自己“置身”于語(yǔ)境之中， 理解雙方談話(huà)的意圖。 4. 抓好關(guān)鍵詞，進(jìn)行推斷，使填詞后組成的句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整、合理。考查的形式是補(bǔ)全對(duì)上句問(wèn)題的回答或者是補(bǔ)全對(duì)下句所要回答問(wèn)題的提問(wèn)。因此一定要注意前后照應(yīng)，關(guān)注上下文之間的密切關(guān)系。做題時(shí)，可以根據(jù)上句的信息推斷下句的信息，通過(guò)下句的信息推斷上句的信息，即：要填前面的空行，看后句的信息，要填后面的空行，看前句的含義。如在打電話(huà)時(shí)，上句問(wèn) “Whos that speaking?” 那么下句所選的就應(yīng)是 “This is” 。如在餐館，下句的內(nèi)容是 “A bottle of beer, please.”那么上

4、句就應(yīng)該是 “What can I do for you?”或 “Can I help you?” 這樣前后對(duì)照，才能使上下文相適應(yīng)。 5. 注意對(duì)話(huà)的表達(dá)要符合英美人的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。不同的國(guó)家有不同的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、生活習(xí)慣等等。在語(yǔ)言交際中也有各種不同的差異。在交際語(yǔ)言的選用中 ，由于受到各自的文化背景的影響，表達(dá)的方式也就不同。因而，在補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(huà)過(guò)程中，所選的句子要符合英美 人的習(xí)慣。凡有像 “Have you eaten?”； “What do you want to buy?” 這類(lèi)句子在對(duì)話(huà)中都應(yīng)避免使用。 6. 正確書(shū)寫(xiě)，從容答題。答題時(shí)應(yīng)注意單詞的正確拼寫(xiě)及大小寫(xiě)的正確運(yùn)用，書(shū)寫(xiě)應(yīng)工整、規(guī)

5、范。 三、補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(huà)答題步驟： （1）通覽全文、領(lǐng)會(huì)大意、揣摩話(huà)題。解題時(shí)應(yīng)先跳過(guò)空格通覽全文，了解對(duì)話(huà)大意，根據(jù)對(duì)大意的把握，判定語(yǔ)境，揣摩話(huà)題。 （2） 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境、填寫(xiě)單詞或句子。在把握話(huà)題和語(yǔ)境的基礎(chǔ)上，針對(duì)對(duì)話(huà)的每一空白處，細(xì)讀所提供的前后文，認(rèn)真分析它們之間的異同，依據(jù)對(duì)話(huà)有關(guān)情景內(nèi)容，填寫(xiě)相應(yīng)的單詞或者句子。 （3）通盤(pán)考慮、前后聯(lián)想、先易后難。要從對(duì)話(huà)整體理解出發(fā)，依照上、下問(wèn)答的邏輯順序來(lái)考慮所選擇的答案，不可不顧前后順序，孤立地就上句就補(bǔ)下句，這樣可能出現(xiàn)所補(bǔ)句子符合上文而不符合下文的情況。要先解決有把握的、容易的，再回頭補(bǔ)選較難的。 （4）通讀對(duì)話(huà)、義形結(jié)合、驗(yàn)證答案。將對(duì)話(huà)

6、補(bǔ)全之后，再將整段對(duì)話(huà)通讀一遍，逐一驗(yàn)證答案。所填的答案不僅語(yǔ)義上要符合語(yǔ)境，而且要保證語(yǔ)言正確，做到說(shuō)話(huà)得體。 四、注意事項(xiàng) （1）所補(bǔ)全的對(duì)話(huà)內(nèi)容必須能使上、下文連貫一致，因而必須瞻前顧后、全盤(pán)考慮，不能僅看上一個(gè)問(wèn)句就填寫(xiě)下一個(gè)答句，或僅根據(jù)下文中的答句就補(bǔ)全它的問(wèn)句，否則容易造成邏輯錯(cuò)誤。 （2）做題前應(yīng)注意試題前面有否中文或英語(yǔ)的背景提示。這些背景提示是確是話(huà)題內(nèi)容的重要依據(jù)，不可疏忽帶過(guò)。 （3）如果是選擇題，則在選擇過(guò)程中考生應(yīng)注意把已選出的選項(xiàng)劃去，避免重復(fù)選擇的錯(cuò)誤。 （4）做題時(shí)要先易后難，一時(shí)難以確定不要勉強(qiáng)先做，否則易造成連鎖錯(cuò)誤。 例題分析： （一）請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀下列對(duì)話(huà)

7、，根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容，完成該對(duì)話(huà)。 A: Hello! 1._ ? B: Sorry, 2._.This is Allans mother speaking. 3. _? A: This is Mary. Good evening, Mrs. Black. B: Good evening, Mary. 4._? A: Yes, of course. Please tell Allan that all the dictionaries are sold out. But I can lend her one. B: OK. A: Thanks a lot. Good-bye! B: 5._.答案解

8、析： 1. 根據(jù)下文我們知道這是一個(gè)電話(huà)用語(yǔ)的對(duì)話(huà)，所以我們就填出了相應(yīng)答案May I speak to Allan。 2. 根據(jù)后文“This is Allans mother speaking.” 我們填出：She isnt in / She isnt at home. 3. 根據(jù)“This is Mary”，我們填出：Whos that 4. 根據(jù)“Yes, of course. Please tell Allan that all the dictionaries are sold out. But I can lend her one” 我們填出：Can I take a messa

9、ge for you 5. Goodbye （二）根據(jù)對(duì)話(huà)內(nèi)容，從下面?zhèn)溥x框中選擇相應(yīng)選項(xiàng)填入對(duì)話(huà)中，使對(duì)話(huà)完成，流暢。 A: Excuse me, sir? Where is the nearest hotel? B: 1. _. You may ask that policeman over there. A: Thank you all the same. (The man goes to the policeman.) A: Excuse me, 2._? C: No, there isnt a hotel near here, but there is one near the Ba

10、nk of China. A: 3. _? C: Its about two kilometers away. A: 4. _? C: Youd better take a taxi, because its so late and there arent any buses now. A: 5. _. C: Youre welcome. 備選答案： A: Im sorry I dont know B: Is there a hotel near here C: How far is it D: How can I get there E: Thank you備選答案： A: Im sorry

11、 I dont know B: Is there a hotel near here C: How far is it D: How can I get there E: Thank you答案解析： A. 根據(jù)后文“You may ask that policeman over there”得知，說(shuō)話(huà)者也不知道哪里有旅館。 B. 根據(jù)后文的回答，得知前面問(wèn)的是附近哪里有旅館。 C. 根據(jù)后文回答的距離而知，前面問(wèn)的是有多遠(yuǎn)。 D. 根據(jù)后文得知，前面問(wèn)的是去旅館的方式。 E. 根據(jù)“Youre welcome.”而知，前面在表達(dá)感謝。 實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí) （1） A: Hello. Could I s

12、peak to John? B: 1._. A: Oh! Hi, John. This is Cindy. We met at Jims party. B: How are you, Cindy? A: Great. Would you like to see Titanic on Thursday night? B: 2. _, Cindy, I have to work late this Thursday. A: Thats too bad. 3._? B: Im free on Saturday night A: OK. How about meeting at about seven

13、? B: No problem. 4._? A: At the Garden Cinema. 5. _. B: See you then. 1. This is John 2. Im sorry 3. Are you free on Saturday night 4. Where shall we meet 5. See you then(2) A: Hello! May I speak to Lily? B: 1._. C: Hello! 2._. A: Hi, Lily. This is Ann. Would you like to go to the park with me tonig

14、ht? C: Great! 3._? A: At the gate of our school. C: 4._? A: How about six oclock. C: OK! 5._? A: See you then. 1. Hold on , please 2. This is Lily 3. Where shall we meet 4. When shall we meet 5. See you then(3) Fred: Hello! May I speak to Alice, please? Kate: 1._. Alice, its for you. Alice: Hello. F

15、red: Hi, Alice. 2._. Would you like to go to my uncles farm tomorrow? Alice: 3._. Fred: Good. Ill pick you up at about seven oclock. Alice: Fine. Ill be ready. Fred: Great! Im sure well have a good time on the farm. Alice: 4._. See you tomorrow. Fred: 5._. 1. Hold on, please 2. This is Fred 3. Yes ,

16、Id love to . 4. I think so 5. See you tomorrow （4） A: Excuse me. 1._? B: Sorry, Im new here. You can ask my friend. He may know. C: The Childrens Hospital? Er Its a little far from here. A: 2. _? C: Its about 5 kilometres away. A: 3. _? C: Yes, the No. 15 bus will take you there. A: Where is the bus

17、 stop? C: 4. _ and take the first turning on the right. You can see it on your left. You cant miss it. A: 5. _. C: You are welcome. 1. Which is the way to the Childrens Hospital 2. How far is it 3. Can I take a bus 4. Go along this road 5. Thank you (5) (At Mr. Whites office in a middle school) A: H

18、ello! 1. _? B: Speaking, please. A: Im Peters mother. Id like to ask for leave for my son. B: 2. _? A: He didnt feel well this morning. He has a cold. B: 3. _. Is it serious? A: Not very serious. But the doctor asked him to stay in bed and have a good rest. B: Dont worry. 4. _. A: Thank you, sir. Go

19、odbye B: Bye!1. Can I speak to Mr. White 2. Whats wrong with him 3. Im sorry to hear that 4. I hope he will be all right soon(6) A: Good morning, sir. 1. _? B: Id like to buy a white shirt. Do you have any white shirts? A: Yes. 2. _? B: I want Size M. A: Here you are. B: Can I try it on? A: Sure. Is

20、 it all right? B: Yes. I like it very much. 3. _? A: 296 yuan. B: Thats a bit expensive. Do you have any other kind? I want a cheaper one. A: What about this one? It is only 108 yuan. B: OK. 4. _. Here is the money. A: 5. _.Goodbye, sir.1. Can I help you 2. What size do you want 3. How much is it 4. Ill take it 5. Here you are（7） Doctor: Good morning . Whats your trouble? Woman: I dont feel very well. D:1._?