高考狀元英語筆記

1、高考狀元英語筆記記敘文高級詞匯1. on ones way to 在某人去某地的途中2. do a good deed 做一件好事3. be thankful to sb. for sth. 因某事而感謝某人4. throw off ones clothes 匆忙脫掉衣服5. be too frightened to move 嚇呆了6. struggle 掙扎7. pay a visit to 參觀8. be about to do sth. ,when 正準(zhǔn)備突然eg. I was about to go home, when I heard someone crying for help

2、.9. learn a lesson from 從中吸取教訓(xùn)10. teach sb. a lesson 給某人以教訓(xùn)11. keep the lesson in mind 把教訓(xùn)牢記在心中12. make up ones mind 下定決心13. cause a loss of 造成損失eg. This terrible fire caused a loss of one million14. with the sun setting down 隨著夕陽西下eg. With the sun setting down, we went home happily.15. say goodbye

3、to 向告別16. forger the passing of the time 忘了時間的推移eg. We worked so attentively that we forgot the passing of the time.17. be lost in 沉溺于eg. He was lost in his work so that he didnt notice a car coming.18. just at that time 就在那時19. before long 不久eg. Before long, the fire was put out.20. return to norma

4、l 恢復(fù)正常eg. Soon everything returned to normal.*Our school lies where there used to be a church.我們學(xué)校位于過去是一座教堂的地方。議論文高級詞匯1. do good to 給帶來好處2. do harm to 給帶來危害3. hold a view 持有一個觀點(diǎn)eg. Many people hold a view that it is no use promising without doing.4. a waste of 一種浪費(fèi)eg. Playing computer games too long

5、 is a waste of time.5. have an effect on 對產(chǎn)生影響6. advantages and disadvantages 優(yōu)勢和劣勢7. be crazy about 對狂熱8. be lost in 沉溺于eg. Dont be lost in reading novels any longer.9. to ones surprise 令人驚訝的是10. result in 導(dǎo)致eg. Carelessness can result in a traffic accident.*I consider him a great hero. 我把他看成一個大英雄。

6、說明文高級詞匯1. be high/rich in 含有豐富的eg. As we all know, apples are high/rich in sugar.2. have an advantage over 比有優(yōu)勢eg. Taking a train has an advantage over taking a plane.3. be similar to 與相似4. be popular with 受歡迎eg. The food is especially popular with children.5. contain 包含，容納6. differ from 與不同eg. Oran

7、ges differ from any other fruit.7. tasty, delicious 美味的，可口的8. be made from/of 由制成，成品中看不出/看得出原材料9. convenient 方便的 attractive 有吸引力的 fascinating 令人著迷的10. recommend 推薦eg. Now, I would like to recommend a very good English-Chinese dictionary to you.11. of great value 很有價(jià)值12. be worth doing sth. 值得做某事eg.

8、These products are well worth buying.13. of high quality 質(zhì)量高14. not only.but also 不但而且15. do good to 給帶來好處eg. Often eating this kind of food does good to our health.16. be good for 對有好處eg. Taking this kind of medicine is good for improving our memory.*Who has won the election will soon be announced.

9、即將宣布誰贏得了這次大選。*I dont think it surprising that he has refused her invitation.我對他拒絕了她的邀請并不感到奇怪。*The news that there is going to be a wonderful concert this evening has spread.今天晚上將有一場精彩的音樂會的消息傳開了。人物介紹文高級詞匯1. be ready to do sth. 樂意做某事eg. I know that she is always ready to help others.2. fasionable 時尚的

10、humorous 幽默的 gentle 文雅的3. such is 這就是（用于對人物介紹作總結(jié)）eg. Such is our English teacher, a kind and hardworking man.4. be elected a model 被選為模范eg. His mother is often elected a model worker.5. be deeply respected and loved 深受人們尊敬和愛戴6. win great honor for為贏得巨大榮譽(yù)7. break/keep the record of 打破/保持紀(jì)錄8. set a ne

11、w record 創(chuàng)造新紀(jì)錄*As you can imagine, it is very difficult to learn math. I stayed at her home for a week, during which time I discussed many problem with her. This is the girl without whom I couldnt have won the big prize. This is the boy with whose sister I have already worked for ten years.我和他的姐姐已經(jīng)一

12、起工作了10年。地點(diǎn)介紹類高級詞匯1. lie in the center of 位于的中心2. such as 諸如3. lie in the east/west/south/north of 位于的東/西/南/北部4. lie (to)/on the east/west/south/north of 位于的東/西/南/北邊兩地(不)接壤5. cover on area of 覆蓋的面積eg. Our city covers an area of 10000 square kilometers.6. have a population of 有人口7. be high/rich in 含有豐

13、富的eg. This small country is high/rich in natural resources.8. a with green hills and beautiful rivers eg. This is a village with green hills and beautiful rivers.9. be famous/well-known for 因出名eg. As we all know, Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake.*So long as you get there in time, you can see him

14、.只要你及時趕到那里，你就能看到他。 I put a bookmark where I had a question.我在有問題的地方放了一張書簽。 Our school lies where there used to be a church.過去在我們學(xué)校所在的地方有一座教堂。英文交友信高級詞匯1. make friends with 與交朋友2. be able to 能夠3. be thirsty for 渴望eg. Im thirsty for a chance to chat with you face to face.4. have a chance to do sth. 有機(jī)會

15、做某事5. help each other 互相幫助6. understand each other 互相理解7. get relaxed 放松8. look forward to 希望eg. Im looking forward to visiting your country as soon as possible.9. forever 永遠(yuǎn) value 珍惜eg. To tell you the truth, I value our friend10. treasure ones friendship 珍惜的友誼eg. Ill treasure our friendship and co

16、nsider it as my property.11. close friends 親密的朋友12. hear from 收到的來信13. work out 鍛煉 exercise 鍛煉eg. We can often work out in the stadium.*With the sun setting down, we went home.夕陽西下時我們回家了。 Her coming late to school annoyed her teacher.她上課遲到讓老師感到很惱火。求職信高級詞匯1. apply for 申請2. hold an important position

17、in 在占據(jù)重要位置eg. Tom used to hold an important position in this company.3. be admitted into 被錄取4. e-mail sb. at 按地址給某人發(fā)電子郵件eg. Please e-mail me at R5. in addition 此外6. experienced 有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的 promising 有希望的7. since my graduation/graduating from 自從我從畢業(yè)以來8. be accepted 被接受9. reach/realize/acc

18、omplish ones dream/aim/goal 實(shí)現(xiàn)理想/目標(biāo)求助信高級詞匯1. challenge 挑戰(zhàn)2. facing 面臨（常置于句首作狀語）eg. Facing so much pressure, she didnt know what to do.3. faced with 面臨（常置于句首作狀語）eg. Faced with so much pressure, she could hardly stand it.4. beg sb. to do sth. 懇求某人做某事5. beg sb. of sth. 懇求某人提供某物eg. Can I beg you of your

19、 help?6. beg sb. for sth. 向某人懇求某物7. average 一般的8. follow ones advice 采納某人的建議eg. Ill follow your advice and try to do my work well.9. make progress 取得進(jìn)步eg. Im sure with your help Ill make greater progress in my English study.10. have difficulty in doing sth. 做某事有困難eg. I have much difficulty in my Eng

20、lish study.11. have trouble in doing sth. 做某事很費(fèi)力12. take trouble to do sth. 費(fèi)力地做某事eg. I usually take trouble to understand the text.13. help sb. out of difficulty 幫助某人擺脫困境14. would like sb. to do sth. 請某人做某事調(diào)查報(bào)告高級詞匯1. make up 占eg. The smokers make up half of the total number of the workers.2. compar

21、ed with 和相比eg. Compared with boys, girls are easier to become fat.3. increase 上升 decrease 下降eg. The number of the students who often play computer games is increasing.4. go up 上升 drop down 下降eg. Recently the temperature here has been going up.5. a quarter of 四分之一 three quarters of 四分之三eg. A quarter

22、of the villagers have grown rich on selling vegetables.6. times asas 是的倍eg. This year they have produced three times as many cars as they did last year.7. times higher/longer than 比高/長倍eg. This bridge is three times longer than that one.8. take place 發(fā)生eg. In recent years great changes have taken pl

23、ace in the village.9. take on a new look 呈現(xiàn)新面貌eg. Now, the town takes a new look.10. as many/high/long as+數(shù)詞 多/高/長達(dá)eg. As many as ten students are late today.11. more or less 大約eg. There are sixty students more or less in this class.12. with the development of 隨著的發(fā)展eg. With the development of indust

24、ry and agriculture, this town will become more and more beautiful.倒裝句1) never, seldom, hardly, not until, only+狀語，not only+分句，no sooner, so/such+主句，neither, nor等置于句首時應(yīng)使用部分倒裝，即把系動詞be，助動詞，情態(tài)動詞提至主語前，或在主語前加相應(yīng)的助動詞。eg. Never have I been to Beijing before. Not only does he study hard but also he is kind.2)

25、 here, there, in, out, up, down, away等介詞，副詞及有些表示地點(diǎn)的成分置于句首時應(yīng)使用全部倒裝，即把動詞直接提至主語前。eg. Hearing the strange noise, out rushed the boy. To the east of the hill lie two cities.3) as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時將表語，副詞等提到as前。eg. Cold as it was, they went on with their work.倍數(shù)表達(dá)法1) A times as as B A是B的倍eg. The mountain is five ti

26、mes as high as that one.2) A times+比較級+than B A比B倍eg. The bridge is three times longer than that one.3) A times+the+名詞+of B A的是B的倍eg. The earth is about 49times the size of the moon.省略句若時間狀語從句，條件狀語從句和方式狀語從句中的主語和主句的主語一致，或從句的主語為it，常省略從句的主語和部分謂語。eg. If necessary, Ill do everything for you. While waitin

27、g for a bus, I had a long talk with him.過渡性詞匯的使用1. 表因果關(guān)系 as a result（結(jié)果）, thanks to（多虧了）eg. It snowed heavily and as a result our plan had to change. Thanks to the firemens timely arrival, the big fire was put out very quickly.2. 表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系 whats more（更何況，表肯定）, besides（更何況，表肯定）, whats worse（更糟糕的是，表否定）eg.

28、 Im sure you can win the big prize, because your performance is always very good; whats more, you are so famous. The girl was very sad, because she lost her wallet; whats worse, she has just been criticized by her teacher.3. 表著名觀點(diǎn) as we all know（眾所周知）, as is known to all（眾所周知）4. 表各人觀點(diǎn) as far as I kn

29、ow（就我所知的而言）, as far as I am concerned（就我所知的而言）, in my opinion（依我看）, in the opinion of me（依我之見）, in the eyes of me（在我看來）5. 表并列觀點(diǎn) at the same time（與此同時）, (in the) meanwhile（與此同時）6. 表客觀規(guī)律 generally speaking（一般來說）, in general（一般來說）, all in all（總的來說）7. 表總結(jié) in a word（總之）, altogether（總之）eg. She is kind; sh

30、e is diligent; she is clever. Altogether, she is a good girl.8. 表情緒 to ones joy（令某人高興的是）, to ones surprise（令某人驚訝的是）, to ones disappointment（令某人失望的是）, to ones pride（令某人自豪的是）, to ones satisfaction（令某人滿意的是）, to ones horror（令某人驚恐的是）9. 表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系 however（然而，無論如何）, nevertheless（然而，不過）eg. There was no news; nev

31、ertheless, she went on hoping.10. 表順序 first（第一，首先）, second（第二）, then（然后）, at last（最后）, in the end（最后）eg. At first I thought it difficult to learn English, but in the end I changed my mind.常用的過渡性詞語（組）1. 時間：first, second, then, after that, next, afterward, finally, in the end, at last, meanwhile, late

32、r on, soon2. 空間：near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on the right,3. 對比：like, unlike, while, on the other hand, on the contrary, instead of, Instead4. 轉(zhuǎn)折：but, however, yet, nevertheless, otherwise, unfortunately/fortunately, suddenly, all of a sudden, in spite of this, actually, in fac

33、t, as a matter of fact5. 因果：For one thing, For another thing, because, because of, thanks to, due to, on account of, now that, therefore, so, that, with the help of6. 遞進(jìn)：besides, Whats more, moreover, furthermore, in addition, not only but also, above all, Whats worse, Worse still, to make things wo

34、rse7. 并列：and, as well as, also, neither nor8. 條件：if, as long as, on condition that, in case（以防）eg. Children dont care about mess or dust as long as they feel they are loved.孩子們只要覺得自己受到疼愛，就不在乎臟亂或灰塵。9. 比較：than, as as, the more the more , compared with10. 目的：so that, in order that, so as to, in order t

35、o11. 結(jié)果：so that, as a result, therefore, thus, to my surprise/delight/dismay12. 讓步：though, although, even if/though, in spite of, despite that13. 選擇：either or , or , whether or 14. 結(jié)論：in a word, in other words, in short, in brief, in general, on the whole, as a whole, to sum up, to conclude15. 觀點(diǎn)：in

36、 my opinion, in my eyes, I think, Im sure, as far as I am concerned, to my mind, Personally, Frankly speaking16. 舉例：for example, for instance, such as17. 承接：On one hand, On the other hand, in this way, by doing this18. 段落：As far as is concerned, As the saying goes, As might have been excepted, As wa

37、s 19.一、詳細(xì)的定語從句講解 定語從句是由關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句，其作用是作定語修飾主句的某個成分，定語從句分為限定性和非限定性從句兩種。狀語從句分為時間狀語從句，結(jié)果狀語從句，讓步狀語從句，原因狀語從句，條件狀語從句以及行為方式狀語從句。名詞從句包括主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句和同位語從句及there be句型。 一、 限定性定語從句 1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它們在從句中作主語或賓語，that在從句中作賓語時常可省略關(guān)系詞，which在從句中作賓語則不能省略。而且，如果which在從句中作“不及物動詞介詞”的介詞的賓語，注意介詞不要丟掉，而且介詞總

38、是放在關(guān)系代詞which的前邊，但有的則放在它原來的位置 2. which作賓語時，根據(jù)先行詞與定語從句之間的語義關(guān)系，先行詞與which之間的介詞不能丟 3. 代表物時多用which，但在帶有下列詞的句子中用that而不用which，這些詞包括all, anything, much等，這時的that常被省略 4. who和whom引導(dǎo)的從句用來修飾人，分別作從句中的主語和賓語，whom作賓語時，要注意它可以作動詞的賓語也可以作介詞的賓語 5. where是關(guān)系副詞，用來表示地點(diǎn)的定語從句 6. when引導(dǎo)定語從句表示時間 注值得一提的是，表示時間“time一詞的定語從句只用when引導(dǎo)，有

39、時不用任何關(guān)系代詞，當(dāng)然也不用that引導(dǎo) By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc. 7. whose是關(guān)系代詞，修飾名詞作定語，相當(dāng)于所修飾成分的前置所有格 8. 當(dāng)從句的邏輯主

40、語是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing時，常用there is來引導(dǎo)二、非限定性定語從句： 非限定性定語從句的作用是對所修飾的成分作進(jìn)一步說明，通常和主句間用逗號隔開，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立 1. which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句來說明前面整個句子的情況或主句的某一部分 2. 在引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句時，that有時相當(dāng)于in which, at which, for which或at which Attitudes towards daydreaming are

41、changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人們對白日做夢的態(tài)度正在改變，這與人們對夜間做夢的看法的變化有非常相似之處。 I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it. 我出于某種原因喜歡這種音樂，而他恰恰與我相反。 We arrived the day that(on which) they left. 剛好我們到的那天他們走了。 3. 有時as也可用作關(guān)系代詞 4.

42、 在非限定性定語從句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物三、定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)錯誤 1. 缺關(guān)系詞 2. 從句中缺成分 摘自簡明英語語法 在英文中，有兩種定語從句：限定性定語從句與非限定性定語從句。這兩種定語從句在其功能和形式方面都有明顯的區(qū)別： 限定性定語從句限定性定語從句與主句的關(guān)系很緊奏，對其先行詞起限定、修飾的作用。如果將其去掉，會影響句子意思的完整性；有時甚至于引起費(fèi)解、誤解。例如： Rainforests are being cleared for valuable timber and other resources to speed up the e

43、conomic growth of the nationsin which they are located . 為了加速他們各自所在國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，熱帶雨林作為有價(jià)值的原木和其他資源正為人們所砍伐。 Ocean currents affect the climates of the lands near which they flow. 洋流影響其流經(jīng)的附近地區(qū)的氣候。 They explained the reason to us why they had hated us before. 他們向我們解釋為什么他們不喜歡我們的原因。 非限定性定語從句非限定性定語從句在形式上就與主句很松散，

44、它與主句之間有一個逗點(diǎn)，隔開；它對其先行詞沒有限定、修飾的作用，只起補(bǔ)充、說明的作用。有時也用它來對全句進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充、說明。即使將其去掉，也不會影響句子意思。由于上述原因，非限定性定語從句在表達(dá)意思方面也有別于限定性定語從句。另外，非限定性定語從句在中文譯文里，我們往往將其作為一個分句處理，而不把它作定語翻譯。 例如： Earlier , the Babylonians had attempted to map the world , but they presented it in the form of a flattened disc rather than a sphere , which

45、 was the form adopted by Ptolemy . （此句中，非限定性定語從句是對先行詞a sphere進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充、說明。） 更早之前，巴比倫人曾試圖繪制世界地圖，但是他們把它繪制成平盤狀而不是托勒密所采用的球體狀。 The combination of satellites, which transmit information , computers , which store information , and television , which displays information , will change every home into an educatio

46、n and entertainment center . （此句中，三個非限定性定語從句分別對三個先行詞：satellites ，computers和television進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充、說明。如果去掉這三個非限定性定語從句，那么句子可簡化為： The combination of satellites , computers and television will change every home into an education and entertainment center .）衛(wèi)星能傳輸信息，計(jì)算機(jī)能儲存信息，電視能顯示信息，把這些手段結(jié)合起來可以使每個家庭都成為教育娛樂的中心。 The

47、 sun heats the earth , which makes it possible for plants to grow .（此句中，非限定性定語從句是對全句進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充、說明,將全句表達(dá)的意思看成一件事情）。太陽給予大地?zé)?，這就使植物的生長成為可能。 The old man has a son , who is in the army .（此句中，非限定性定語從句是對先行詞son進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充、說明。但本句所傳達(dá)的信息是：這位老人只有一個兒子 。如果將此句改寫成限定性定語從句： The old man has a son who is in the army . 那位老人有一個在部隊(duì)工作的兒

48、子。那么，限定性定語從句就要對先行詞son進(jìn)行限定、修飾。這樣一來，句子所傳達(dá)的信息就變成了：這位老人有一個兒子在部隊(duì)工作，還有其他的兒子在干別的工作。）那位老人有一個兒子，他在部隊(duì)工作。二、定語從句用法詳細(xì)講解 定語從句是由關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句，其作用是作定語修飾主句的某個成分，定語從句分為限定性和非限定性從句兩種。狀語從句分為時間狀語從句，結(jié)果狀語從句，讓步狀語從句，原因狀語從句，條件狀語從句以及行為方式狀語從句。名詞從句包括主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句和同位語從句及there be句型。三、初中定語從句的講解與練習(xí) 定語從句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定語，

49、修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。 關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 關(guān)系副詞有：when, where, why等。 18.1 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系 代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下： Is he the man who/that wants to s

50、ee you? 他就是你想見的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天見的那個人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語） 2) Whose 用來指人或物，(只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）, 例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。 Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮

51、的書 3）which, that 它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作賓語） The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作賓語 18.2 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、

52、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。 1）when, where, why 關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當(dāng)于介詞+ which結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和介詞+ which結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用，例如： There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時候。 Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？

53、 2）that代替關(guān)系副詞 that可以用于表示時間、地點(diǎn)、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和介詞+ which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，在口語中that常被省略，例如： His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父親在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方。 用關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。

54、及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞；而不及物動詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you. 判斷改錯（注：先顯示題，再顯示答案，橫線；用不同的顏色表示出。） （錯） This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （錯） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （對） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. （對） Ill never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside. 習(xí)慣上總把表地點(diǎn)或時間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞 where, when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。20.高一英語必修2詞組歸納總結(jié)Unit 1 1. look into 調(diào)查2. insist