新概念英語3Lesson1課文及筆記

1、Lesson1A puma at largePumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to

2、investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar. The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw a large cat only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts conf

3、irmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered（adj.被困得走投無路的）. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small anim

4、als like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of cat-like noises at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it

5、come from As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is stil

6、l at large in the quiet countryside.美洲獅是一種體形似貓的大動(dòng)物，產(chǎn)于美洲。當(dāng)倫敦動(dòng)物園接到報(bào)告說，在倫敦以南45英里處發(fā)現(xiàn)一只美洲獅時(shí)，這些報(bào)告并沒有受到重視?？墒牵S著證據(jù)越來越多，動(dòng)物園的專家們感到有必要進(jìn)行一番調(diào)查，因?yàn)榉彩锹暦Q見到過美洲獅的人們所描述的情況竟是出奇地相似。搜尋美洲獅的工作是從一座小村莊開始的。那里的一位婦女在采摘黑莓時(shí)的看見“一只大貓”，離她僅5碼遠(yuǎn)，她剛看見它，它就立刻逃走了。專家證實(shí)，美洲獅非被逼得走投無路，是決不會(huì)傷人的。事實(shí)上搜尋工作很困難，因?yàn)槌３Ｊ窃绯吭诩椎匕l(fā)現(xiàn)那只美洲獅，晚上卻在20英里外的乙地發(fā)現(xiàn)它的蹤跡。無論它走哪

7、兒，一路上總會(huì)留下一串死鹿及死兔子之類的小動(dòng)物，在許多地方看見爪印，灌木叢中發(fā)現(xiàn)了粘在上面的美洲獅毛。有人抱怨說夜里聽見“像貓一樣的叫聲”；一位商人去釣魚，看見那只美洲獅在樹上。專家們?nèi)缃褚呀?jīng)完全肯定那只動(dòng)物就是美洲獅，但它是從哪兒來的呢由于全國動(dòng)物園沒有一家報(bào)告丟了美洲獅，因此那只美洲獅一定是某位私人收藏豢養(yǎng)的，不知怎么設(shè)法逃出來了。搜尋工作進(jìn)行了好幾個(gè)星期，但始終未能逮住那只美洲獅。想到在寧靜的鄉(xiāng)村里有一頭危險(xiǎn)的野獸繼續(xù)逍遙流竄，真令人擔(dān)心。單詞：puma pju:m n.美洲獅spot spt v.看出，發(fā)現(xiàn)evidence evidns n.證據(jù)accumulate kju:mjule

8、it v.積累，積聚oblige blaid v.使感到必須hunt hnt n.追獵；尋找；v.打獵blackberry blkbri n.黑莓human hju:mn 人類corner k:n v.使走投無路，使陷入困境；n.角落trail treil n.一串，一系列print print n.印痕cling kli v.粘convince knvins v.使信服somehow smhau ad.不知怎么搞的，不知什么原因disturb dist:b v.令人不安筆記：New words and expression 生詞和短語學(xué)習(xí)詞匯時(shí)僅知道漢語語義是不夠的，要把單詞放在語句中體會(huì)其

9、應(yīng)用學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)鍵句結(jié)構(gòu)是則要把它放在段落結(jié)構(gòu)或文章里puma n.美洲獅spot v.看出, 發(fā)現(xiàn)= see, pickout, recognize, catch sightof 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果, 辨別出, 看見, 識(shí)別, 發(fā)現(xiàn)- Atallmaniseasytospotinthecrowd.- Hehasgoodeyeforspottingmistakes.同意詞：- find：強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)果 / findout：查出事實(shí)真相- discover：做出重大發(fā)現(xiàn) / notice：注意到- observe：觀察 / watch：觀察活動(dòng)中的人或畫面Spot n.斑點(diǎn)- Thereisawhitespot

10、ontheshirt.onthespot有兩個(gè)含義：1 立刻, 馬上（atonce, immediately）- Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.2 attheplaceoftheaction 在現(xiàn)場- Whereversheisneeded, sheisquicklyonthespot.Evidence n.證據(jù)（不可數(shù)名詞）Evident adj.明顯的, 顯然的 / evidently adv.明顯地, 顯然Evidence = proof (n.證據(jù))- Whenthepolicearrived, hehadalrea

11、dydestroyedtheevidence.inevidence 顯而易見的- Hewasinevidenceattheparty.Accumulate v.積累, 積聚（強(qiáng)調(diào)積累的過程）- Astheevidenceaccumulates, expertsfromthezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.Gather vt.聚集, 把某人召集在某處- The teacher gathered his students in the classCollect vt.搜集, 采集 - Do you collect stamps Yes, I collect stamps a

12、s my hobby.（n.業(yè)余愛好）Assemble v.集合, 集會(huì) / 裝配- A large number of people assemble on the square.Hoard vt.大量的儲(chǔ)存 （- hoardup = storeup 儲(chǔ)藏）- Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecoldwinter （squirrel n.松鼠）（nut n.堅(jiān)果）amass vt.積聚（主要用于詩歌和文學(xué)作品）- The clouds amassed above the hillsOblige v.使感到必須feelobligedtodosth 感覺有必要做某事-

13、I feel obliged to say no to his demand（n.要求, 需要）beobligedtodosth 被迫做某事- They were obliged to sell their car to pay their debts off.（debt n.債務(wù)）hunt .追獵, 尋找 （huntfor）- The experts from London zoo began to hunt (v.) for a puma.- The hunt (n.) for the puma proved the difficult. （prove vt.證明, 證實(shí)）search 搜

14、尋某處為了尋找到某人或某物- The police were searching the forest for the missing boy.runafter 強(qiáng)調(diào)追趕, 追求 - look, a dog is running after a cat- what are you run after in your lifeseek = pursue v.追尋(理想)chase v.追趕 （- They are chasing a thief / They are running after a thief）blackberry n.黑莓 / berry n.漿果humanbeing 人類co

15、rner v.使走投無路, 使陷入困境 作為動(dòng)詞, 經(jīng)常使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)- Thethiefwascorneredatlast - Theproblemcorneredme.corner n.角落 - atthecornerofthestreet - inthecorneroftheroom - onthecornerofthedeskTrail n.一串, 一系列 trail vt. 跟蹤, 追蹤（= follow）- Thepolicetrailedthecriminaltotheplacewherehewashiding （criminal n.罪犯）Print n.印痕Cling v.粘

16、（clung, clung, clinging）- Sheisalwaysclingingtohermother. - Heclungtothehopethathewouldsucceed. 他懷有成功的希望stick v.粘住 （- stick the envelop）n.信封 stickto堅(jiān)持 （- stick to the plan / stick to ones promise）n.許諾 sticky adj.粘的 （- sticky fingers）convince v.使信服1convincesb ofsth - I convince him of my honesty.（n.誠

17、實(shí), 正直） 我使他相信我的誠實(shí)。2 beconvinced that - I am convinced that she is honest girl.（adj.誠實(shí)的, 正直的） somehow adv.不知怎么搞地, 不知什么原因= bysomemeans, insomeway, forsomereasonunknown- Ill get the book back somehow. 無論如何我要把這本書取回來。- I got lost somehow 不知怎么搞地, 我迷失了。Somewhat adv.稍微, 有點(diǎn), 有些 （= alittle）- The price is somew

18、hat higher than I expect.（high adj.高的）disturb v.令人不安disturbing adj.令人不安的 / disturbed adj.感到不安的surprising adj.令人驚訝的 / surprised adj.感到驚訝的exciting adj.令人激動(dòng)的 / excited adj.感到激動(dòng)的wild adj.野性的, 野生的investigate v.調(diào)查, 研究description n.描寫, 描述extraordinarily adv.特別地，非常地，格外similar adj.相似的, 類似的attack vt.攻擊difficu

19、lt adj.困難的, 艱難的 difficulty n.困難, 難點(diǎn)rabbit n.兔, 野兔paw n.手掌, 手爪fur n.毛皮, 毛, 軟毛bush n.矮樹叢fully adv.充分地, 完全地collector n.收藏家, 征收者Text 課文atlarge 逃遁的, 沒有被控制的 - The thief is still at largeat large 詳細(xì)地（= indetail）n.細(xì)節(jié), 詳情 - I need talk to you at largeat large 總體來講（= asawhole）- The students at large are hungr

20、y for English. （hungry adj.饑餓的, 渴望的）WheremustthepumahavecomefromPumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.在英文的表達(dá)方式中，首先呈現(xiàn)給讀者的是結(jié)果（和中文不同）英文擅長用長句，中文擅長用短句。- Pandasarelargecat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAsia. （panda n.熊貓）cat-like 貓一樣的, 偷偷摸摸的 / dog-like 狗一樣的 / life-like 栩栩如生的WhenreportscameintoLon

21、donZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.一般來講定語從句和同位語從句緊隨在被修飾名詞的后面，但為了保持句子平衡，也可以把謂語動(dòng)詞放到從句之前1 定語從句只是對于被修飾詞的補(bǔ)充說明、修飾- 定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞：- 指人：主語who；賓語who, whom；定語whose- 指物：that（也可以指人）/ which- 時(shí)間狀語：when / 地點(diǎn)狀語：where / 原因狀語：why2 同位語從句則是講述被修飾名詞的內(nèi)容- 同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞：- 名詞(做主語、賓

22、語等)：關(guān)系詞用that而不是which- 時(shí)間：when；地點(diǎn)：where- 定語從句中沒有what這個(gè)關(guān)系詞，但what可以引導(dǎo)同位語從句- Anideacametoherthatshemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.- Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim。theywerenottakenseriously（they指代reports）takesth seriously = dealwithsth seriously 認(rèn)真地對待某事- I always take your suggestions seriously.takest

23、h lightly 草率地對待某事 （lightly adv.輕率地）- Dont take the hot potato lightly （hot potato n.棘手的問題）However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsfromtheZoofeltobligedtoinvestigate, forthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthepumawereextraordinarilysimilar.However adv.然而(起轉(zhuǎn)折作用) As 連詞：隨著, 當(dāng).之時(shí)過去分詞做定語

24、：- the descriptions given by people- the story told by the sailor (n.海員, 水手, 船員)- a book written by Luxunclaimtohavedonesth 聲稱曾經(jīng)做過某事- He claimed to have been the manager of the large shop.Thehuntforthepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawomanpickingblackberriessawalargecatonlyfiveyardsawayfromher.Where a

25、woman picking 定語從句- IstillremembertheschoolwhereIstudiedEnglish.Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexpertsconfirmedthatapumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitiscornered.Confirm = besure = becertain (confirm vt.確定)Unless it is cornered = if it is not cornered (unless conj.如果不, 除非)- He will accept the

26、job unless the salary is too low.Thesearchproveddifficult,forthepumawasoftenobservedatoneplaceinthemorningandatanotherplacetwentymilesawayintheevening.search = huntWhereveritwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.把某物留在后面：leavebehind- Wherever he went, the wound left behind him

27、 a trail of blood.（n.血）Pawprintswereseeninanumberofplacesandpumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.英文表達(dá)方式習(xí)慣用被動(dòng)語態(tài), 突出客觀事實(shí)。而中文則善于運(yùn)用動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。pumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes. （被動(dòng)） We found the puma fur clinging to bushes. （主動(dòng)）- clinging to bushes是現(xiàn)在分詞短語做賓補(bǔ)Severalpeoplecomplainedofcat-likenoisesatnightandabusines

28、plainof/aboutsth 抱怨某事on+名詞：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行- ontherise 在上升 / ontheincrease 在增加- onthewatch 在觀看 / onthematch 在比賽中- onthefishingtrip 在釣魚的途中 / onholiday 在度假Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,butwherehaditcomefromFully（adv.充分地, 完全地）= completely = entirely

29、 Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,thisonemusthavebeeninthepossessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.sth be inthepossessionofsb = sth be insbspossession 某物歸某人所有(主語是物)- Thebeautifulcarisinmypossession.= The beautiful car is inthepossessionofme.Sb be inpossessionofsth

30、某人擁有某物(主語是人)- Iaminpossessionofthebeautifulcar.（in possession of 做表語）- Thepersoninpossessionofthebighouseisexcited. （in possession of 做定語）takepossessionof 擁有Thehuntwentonforseveralweeks,butthepumawasnotcaught.Went on = lasted （last vi.繼續(xù), 持續(xù)）Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlarg

31、einthequietcountryside.Itisdisturbingtothinkthat. 一想到就心理不安- Itisdisturbingtothinkthat I fail my examinationinthequietcountryside 在寧靜的山村Special difficulties 難點(diǎn)ExercisesA1.at/for 2.to 3.to 4.in 5.onExercisesB1.Heisthemanwehaveheardaboutsomuch.2.Theshelfyouputthosebooksonhascollapsed.（vi.倒塌, 崩潰, 瓦解）did

32、youreceivealetterfrom特殊疑問句中whom不能省略（本句）。定語從句中Which以及指代人的做賓語的Whom, 在非正式用法當(dāng)中可以省略。省略時(shí)，介詞不能前置到關(guān)系代詞Whom, Which前，只能用于非固定的動(dòng)詞短語后面。固定的動(dòng)詞短語lookfor：尋找（去掉for后look沒有尋找的意思，所以介詞for不能前置）非固定的動(dòng)詞短語lookat：注視livein：居?。ㄈサ鬷n后live仍有居住的意思，所以介詞in可以前置）Thisistheoldhouseinwhichhelived. = Thisistheoldhousehelivedin.istheroadwecamebyisthepencilyouwereplayingwithMultiple choice questions 多項(xiàng)選擇1 正確答案：D in common adv.共有 （替換了similar）2 正確答案：BA）只是一個(gè)具體的特定的事列，閱讀理解題的時(shí)候要把握中心大意 B）largecatper