仁愛(ài)版八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí)大綱

1、 歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)必備 八年級(jí)上冊(cè)期末考試復(fù)習(xí)Unit1 Topic1 be going to+V.原型：表示計(jì)劃、打算、有目的做某事 注：以下兩種情況不能用該結(jié)構(gòu)e.g. Someone is knocking at the door, and I will open it. (1)臨時(shí)決定要做某事e.g. Tomorrow will be Sunday. (2)客觀必然會(huì)發(fā)生的事，自然規(guī)律People will die without water. Unit1 Topic2 雙賓語(yǔ)（直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ)）：指人：間接賓語(yǔ)指物：直接賓語(yǔ)e.g. bring me the book=bring th

2、e book to me V.+sb.+sth.=V.+sth.+to sb. 結(jié)構(gòu)： e.g. buy me a computer=buy a computer for me V.+sb.+sth.=V.+sth.+for sb. 等可帶兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)的詞：bring, buy, do, give, lend, pass, tell, show, teach, hand, send, write ? Would/ Do you mind ? Would/ Do you mind+動(dòng)名詞? Would/ Do you mind+ if從句 更加委婉would比do注： ”表示義務(wù)、提出或征詢建議，后

3、跟動(dòng)詞原型“should 應(yīng)該e.g. We should save water. Unit1 Topic3 原型表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，或?qū)?lái)反復(fù)發(fā)生的will/ shall+V.一般將來(lái)時(shí)： 動(dòng)作。tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in five years, in the future, next 表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載 week/month/year 注：1.There be句型用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)：There will be=There is/are going to be 2.一些表示位移的動(dòng)詞可以用進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)：come/ go

4、/ arrive/ leave等 Unit2 Topic1 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：should(shouldnt),had better(had better not)的用法 should表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任、勸告或建議，“應(yīng)該做某事” e.g. You should not eat too much meat. had better表示建議，“在目前情況下最好做某事” e.g. You had better go to see a doctor. 注：肯、否、一般疑問(wèn)句式 Unit2 Topic2 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：must(mustnt), may, can 1.(1)must表示必須；must be表示肯定推測(cè)

5、e.g. The man in black shirt must be his father. (2)must開(kāi)頭的一般疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答Yes,主+must. 否定回答No,主+dont/doesnt have to.或No,主+neednt. e.g. Must she study hard? Yes, she must. No, she doesnt have to. (3)mustnt表示禁止，不允許 e.g. Students mustnt cheat in the exam. 2.(1)can表示能力 e.g. Birds can fly. (2)can表示邀請(qǐng)、允許、請(qǐng)求等，意為“

6、可以，能夠” e.g. Can you come to my birthday party? (3)can在否定句和疑問(wèn)句中表示可能性 e.g. He cant be that boys father. 3.(1)may表示允許，意為“可以” e.g. May I come in? e.g. She may be still waiting for us. 表示推測(cè)，意為“可能”(2)may 學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載 (3)may表示祝愿 e.g. May you have a happy weekend. Unit2 Topic3 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must和have to 1. must (1)表示必須，

7、強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話者的主觀看法 e.g. You must take care of your parents. (2)表示一定（肯定性推測(cè)） e.g. He must be at home. (3)表示勸告,必須要做某事,表明事情的必要性與重要性e.g.You must do more exercise. (4)mustnt表示不允許，禁止 e.g. You mustnt play on the road. 2.have to 表示不得不，必須，強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀的需要 e.g. If you want to understand today, you have to search yesterday. e.g

8、. He has to leave now. 反身代詞:(1)作代詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ) (2)作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ) Unit3 Topic1 used to的用法: (1)used to +V.原型“過(guò)去常常做某事”，可以與but now, but notany more, but notany longer連用，現(xiàn)在和過(guò)去形成對(duì)照 e.g. I used to watch TV, but now I have to study. 否定句 (usednt/ used not) /(didnt use) to do sth.; 一般疑問(wèn)句used/did開(kāi)頭 e.g. He usednt to get

9、 up early./ He didnt use to get up early. e.g. Did you use to be afraid of the dark? (2)usedto+be+adj.“過(guò)去常常存在的狀態(tài)，但現(xiàn)在情況已變” t he? e.g. He used to be short, didn學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載 注：be used to doing sth./ get used to doing sth. 表示“習(xí)慣于” e.g. He used to get up late, but now he is used to getting up early. Unit3 T

10、opic2 感嘆句 (1)What +(a/an)+adj.+主+謂！ e.g. What a cute boy he is ! What fine weather it is! (2)How+ adj./adv.+主+謂！ e.g. How tall she is！ How fluently she speaks English! Unit3 Topic3 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示在過(guò)去某一具體時(shí)間或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 主要結(jié)構(gòu)：was/ were +V.ing 常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：then, at this/that time yesterday, at nine last night e.g.

11、I was doing my homework at nine last night. Unit4 Topic1&Topic2 形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)1、2 1.用于人或事物之間的比較，兩個(gè)人或事物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，用比較級(jí)，表示“較”或“更一些” 2.用于三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或事物之間的比較時(shí)，用最高級(jí)，表示一群人或事物中，其中一個(gè)“最” 3.比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成 (1)規(guī)則變化： a.一般在詞尾加-er或-est e.g. smaller/smallest younger/youngest e.g. nicer/nicest -st 或-r結(jié)尾的詞加e以b. 學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載 c.以“輔音字母+

12、y結(jié)尾的詞”，變y為i再加-er或-est e.g. happier/happiest d.“輔+元+輔”結(jié)構(gòu)的單詞，雙寫(xiě)結(jié)尾的輔音字母再加-er或-est e.g. bigger/biggest e.多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞，要在原級(jí)前加more或most構(gòu)成比較級(jí)或最高級(jí) (2)不規(guī)則變化 原級(jí) 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí) good/well better Best bad/ill/badly worse Worst little less Least many/much more Most far farther/further farthest/furthest 用法4. 比較級(jí) (1)e.g. Ca

13、ts aremore lovely than other animals. +than” a.“比較級(jí)e.g. This article is less difficult than that one. less+“原級(jí)+than” b.e.g. He is taller than any other boy in his class. c.“比較級(jí)+than+ any other+單數(shù)名詞” e.g. She is becoming more and more beautiful. +and+d.“比較級(jí)比較級(jí)” e.g. The more, the better. 比較級(jí)”“e.the+比

14、較級(jí)，the+ e.g. He is the taller of the two. +of the twof. “the+比較級(jí)” 代替第二個(gè)比較對(duì)象注：如果比較對(duì)象相同，可再用that/thosee.g. The weather in Shanghai is better than that in Wuhan. The eggs in this basket are more than those in that basket. 比較級(jí)可用much, a little, a lot, even等修飾，使原來(lái)的比較級(jí)在語(yǔ)意上更加明確e.g. He runs much faster than m

15、e. Chickens are much smaller than cows. 最高級(jí)(2)學(xué)習(xí)必備 歡迎下載 a.“the+最高級(jí)+比較范圍”（比較范圍常用of, in, among引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)表達(dá)） e.g. She is the oldest of these children. Lily is the youngest in her class. b.“the+序數(shù)詞+adj.最高級(jí)+名詞” e.g. The yellow river is the second longest river in China. c.“one of+the+最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)” e.g. This river

16、 is one of the longest rivers in our hometown. d.“the+最高級(jí)” e.g. Monday is the busiest day. 注：最高級(jí)前要加定冠詞the，但如果最高級(jí)前有形容詞性物主代詞，名詞所有格等修飾時(shí)，則不用定冠詞。 e.g. Jack is my best friend. Unit4 Topic3 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：補(bǔ)充賓語(yǔ)的成份，通常置于賓語(yǔ)之后，賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)共同構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，句型：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) 1.可以跟賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：make, let, ask, invite, wish, want, help (1) make sb. v./adj./n. let sb. v. (2)ask/ invite/ want/ wish/tell sb. to do sth. (3)